CN111111920A - Electrode structure before purification of dust-containing VOCs waste gas - Google Patents
Electrode structure before purification of dust-containing VOCs waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111111920A CN111111920A CN201911411646.8A CN201911411646A CN111111920A CN 111111920 A CN111111920 A CN 111111920A CN 201911411646 A CN201911411646 A CN 201911411646A CN 111111920 A CN111111920 A CN 111111920A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/08—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
- B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
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Abstract
The invention provides a pretreatment electrode structure for purifying dust-containing VOCs waste gas, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and an insulating rod, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are fixed on the insulating rod through insulators and screws, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are arranged at intervals, a positive electrode needle is arranged on the positive electrode plate, a negative electrode needle is arranged on the surface of the negative electrode plate opposite to the positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode needle is not shorter than the negative electrode needle. By adopting a bipolar structure and utilizing the characteristic that positive corona ion wind is far larger than negative corona ion wind under the same electrode form and voltage, the purification efficiency of fine particles is improved by utilizing the positive corona ion wind; the characteristic of high yield of negative corona ozone under the same condition is utilized to obtain high enough ozone concentration; the method is characterized in that the purifying capacity of VOCs is additionally obtained by utilizing the characteristics of low corona starting voltage and large distribution range of hydroxyl free radicals and oxygen free radicals of the bur corona electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a pretreatment electrode structure for purifying waste gas containing dust VOCs.
Background
In the field of low-concentration VOCs waste gas purification, most of VOCs waste gas is dust-containing waste gas, wherein the most common is 'condensed particulate matters + VOCs'. A dynamic equilibrium relationship exists between condensed particulate matters and gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas, namely the particulate matters volatilize at high temperature and the proportion of the gaseous pollutants is increased; at low temperature, gaseous pollutants are condensed, and the proportion of particulate matter pollutants is increased, so that the particulate matters and the gaseous pollutants need to be purified simultaneously to efficiently remove the VOCs pollution. The first process of purifying the VOCs waste gas is particulate matter purification, which is mostly performed by physical methods such as filtration or electrostatic dust removal, and is mostly performed by adsorption or oxidative degradation processes.
The conventional electrostatic dust removal equipment generally has a lower particle size limit, the purification efficiency of particles with the particle size smaller than the lower limit is low, the particle sizes of volatile condensed particles are very small, the median particle size of a quantity spectrum of the volatile condensed particles is usually smaller than 100nm and more than 10nm, and the particle sizes of the volatile condensed particles are smaller than the lower particle size limit of most electrostatic dust removal equipment; for the conventional electrostatic dust removal equipment, ozone generated in the working process belongs to secondary pollutants, and the ozone yield needs to be reduced as much as possible during the design of the equipment. For low-concentration VOCs waste gas, normal-temperature ozone catalytic oxidation is a technology developed in recent years, and a good VOCs purification effect can be obtained on a buffer adsorption reaction bed by selecting a proper catalyst and a proper carrier and mixing ozone in a proper proportion.
The conventional electrostatic dust collection adopts corona electric field charge and diffusion charge to charge particles, then airflow is organized to form advection, a dust collection electric field is utilized to enable the charged particles in the advection-state airflow to drift to a dust collection electrode, and finally the dust collection purpose is achieved. The conventional air source dielectric discharge ozone generator has low energy utilization rate, generally lower than 10 percent, more than 5 percent, which means that more than 90 percent of electric energy is wasted in a heat dissipation mode, meanwhile, the temperature rise of the ozone generator can cause the ozone generation efficiency to be greatly reduced, and the temperature rise of the ozone generator is also one of main reasons for the faults of the ozone generator, so that the special ozone generator needs to be provided with a high-power heat dissipation device, and the proportion of useful energy consumption is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the prior art can not carry out high-efficient purification and produce reasonable high concentration ozone to the particulate matter, and the energy consumption is higher.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a pretreatment electrode structure for purifying dust-containing VOCs waste gas, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and an insulating rod, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are fixed on the insulating rod through an insulator and a screw, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are arranged at intervals, a positive electrode needle is arranged on the positive electrode plate, a negative electrode needle is arranged on the surface of the negative electrode plate opposite to the positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode needle is not shorter than the negative electrode needle.
Furthermore, the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode needle form an electrode needle group, and each electrode needle group at least comprises three pairs of positive electrode needles and negative electrode needles which are oppositely arranged.
Furthermore, the positive electrode needle is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode, and the negative electrode needle is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode.
Furthermore, the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode needle both comprise discharge tips, and the discharge tips are in a needle point shape or a bur shape.
Furthermore, the curvature radius of the discharge tips of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode needle ranges from 1 μm to 500 μm.
Furthermore, the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles on the positive electrode plate is 0.1-5 times of the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles and the negative electrode plate, and the distance between the discharge tips of the negative electrode needles on the negative electrode plate is 0.1-5 times of the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles and the negative electrode plate.
Furthermore, the distance between the projection point of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle on the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode needle is 1.5-25 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode plate.
Furthermore, the length of the positive electrode needle is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode plate, and the length of the negative electrode needle is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle and the positive electrode plate.
Further, the distance between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle tip and the negative electrode plate is not greater than the distance between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle and the positive electrode plate.
Further, the spark quenching device further comprises a high-voltage power supply which has a spark quenching function.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a pretreatment electrode structure for purifying dust-containing VOCs waste gas, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and an insulating rod, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are fixed on the insulating rod through insulators and screws, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are arranged at intervals, a positive electrode needle is arranged on the positive electrode plate, a negative electrode needle is arranged on the surface of the negative electrode plate opposite to the positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode needle is not shorter than the negative electrode needle. By adopting a bipolar structure and utilizing the characteristic that positive corona ion wind is far larger than negative corona ion wind under the same electrode form and voltage, the purification efficiency of fine particles is improved by utilizing the positive corona ion wind; the characteristic of high yield of negative corona ozone under the same condition is utilized to obtain high enough ozone concentration; the method is characterized in that the purifying capacity of VOCs is additionally obtained by utilizing the characteristics of low corona starting voltage and large distribution range of hydroxyl free radicals and oxygen free radicals of the bur corona electrode.
Drawings
The detailed structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A circled in FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion B encircled in FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in fig. 3 in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the invention provides a pretreatment electrode structure for purifying waste gas containing dust VOCs, comprising a positive electrode plate 1 and a negative electrode plate 2, wherein the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 are fixed on an insulating rod 7 through an insulator 5 and a screw 6, the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 are arranged at intervals, a positive electrode needle 3 is arranged on the positive electrode plate 1, a negative electrode needle 4 is arranged on the surface of the negative electrode plate 2 opposite to the positive electrode plate 1, and the positive electrode needle 3 is not shorter than the negative electrode needle 4; the dust-containing VOCs waste gas S1 passes through the space between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2, under the action of the electric field of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode needle 4, ultrafine particles are removed under the action of positive corona ion wind under the action of the electric field, and high-concentration ozone is generated under the action of negative corona to obtain treated air S2. By adopting a double-electrode structure, in corona discharge, molecules are ionized to generate a large amount of charged ions, and the charged ions migrate to a corresponding heteropolar electrode under the action of an electric field to form electric field ion wind by particle charge, and the dust is quickly collected under the synergistic effect of the electric coagulation, charged particle inertia and electric field force without constructing a advection dust collection electric field.
Further, the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode needle 2 form electrode needle groups, and each electrode needle group comprises at least three pairs of positive electrode needles 3 and negative electrode needles 4 which are oppositely arranged; the bipolar electrode structure design adopts the bipolar ion wind purification technology to realize the high-efficient purification of the volatile condensed ultrafine particles and the high-efficient generation of ozone.
Further, the positive electrode needle 3 is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode, and the negative electrode needle 4 is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode; in the test of one embodiment of the invention, the maximum wind speed measured under stable positive corona current (without spark breakdown) can reach 11m/s, and under the same overvoltage U, different electrode forms can obtain the measured value that the wind speed of positive corona ions is 1.5 to 2.2 times higher than that of negative corona ions. The positive corona discharge can obtain larger ion wind speed so as to obtain better fine particle purification effect, however, the ozone yield of the positive corona discharge is far lower than that of the negative corona discharge, the ozone yield of the positive corona can be reduced by one order of magnitude compared with that of the negative corona discharge at the same voltage and electric field conditions, and the negative corona discharge is needed to obtain enough ozone yield, so that the invention adopts an electrode form of a corona and dust collection common plate, each polar plate is a dust collection electrode and a discharge electrode, and the corona electric field is a bipolar corona electric field structure of the dust collection electric field.
Further, the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode needle 4 both comprise discharge tips, and the discharge tips are in a needle point shape or a bur shape; the discharge tip can be made very sharp, and lower corona inception voltage and wider working voltage range can be obtained compared with other forms of electrodes, so that larger corona current can be obtained, and the electrode form can obtain larger ozone yield in the same volume because the ozone yield of air corona discharge is in direct proportion to the corona current.
Furthermore, the discharge tips of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode needle 4 are made of ozone-resistant technical materials, the curvature radius of the discharge tips ranges from 1 μm to 500 μm, and the smaller the curvature radius r of the discharge tips is, the better the discharge tips are, the lower the corona onset voltage is, the ozone-resistant high-temperature-resistant technical materials are adopted as the electrode materials, and the high oxidation resistance can prevent the tips from being rapidly oxidized and passivated to cause the continuous rise of the corona onset voltage in the use process.
Furthermore, the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles 3 on the positive electrode plate 1 is 0.1-5 times of the distance D3 between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles 3 and the negative electrode plate 2, and the distance between the discharge tips of the negative electrode needles 4 on the negative electrode plate 2 is 0.1-5 times of the distance D3 between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles 3 and the negative electrode plate 2; the overlarge distance D1 between the discharge tips on the same electrode plate can lead to the overlarge volume of the equipment and the overhigh cost, and the overlarge distance can lead to the rise of the corona starting voltage and the improvement of the precision requirement of the equipment manufacturing process, so the distance between the discharge tips on the same electrode plate is 0.1-5 times of the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2, which is a better value range after comprehensive consideration.
Further, the distance D2 between the projection point of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 on the positive electrode plate 1 and the positive electrode needle 3 is 1.5-25 times the distance D3 between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2, and if the distance D2 between the projection point of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 on the positive electrode plate 1 and the positive electrode needle 3 is too small, the breakdown sparking rate of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 (the positive electrode needle 3) is increased, and if the distance D2 is too large, the volume and cost of the device are increased, so the distance D2 between the projection point of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 on the positive electrode plate 1 and the positive electrode needle 3 is a better value range than 1.5-25 times the distance D3 between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2.
Further, the length L1 of the positive electrode needle 3 is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance D3 between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2, the length L2 of the negative electrode needle 4 is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance D4 between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 3 and the positive electrode plate 2, when the length of the electrode needle is smaller, the corona onset voltage is increased, when the length of the electrode needle is larger, the invalid space in the electric field is increased, the equipment is enlarged, and finally, the requirements of the length of the electrode needle on the corona onset voltage and the spark discharge voltage must be considered, and the electric field is ensured to work in the interval with the best linearity between the corona onset voltage and the spark voltage.
Further, the distance D3 between the sharp discharge tip of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2 is not greater than the distance D4 between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 and the positive electrode plate 1; the distance D3 between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle 3 and the negative electrode plate 2 is determined by adjusting the distance to get the widest high voltage working range, if the dust content of the waste gas is not large, the positive corona ozone, oxygen free radical and hydroxyl free radical yield are all lower than the negative corona, in order to improve the electric energy utilization efficiency, D3 can be D4, but the positive corona electrode corona voltage is lower than the working high voltage; the value of the distance D4 between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle 4 and the positive electrode plate 1 is determined by the working high voltage, the working high voltage is higher than the corona onset voltage and lower than the breakdown voltage, under the condition that the working high voltage is determined, the larger the corona current is, the lower the dust collection capability of the electrode, namely the ozone yield and the spark discharge probability are, and otherwise, the larger the corona current is, the higher the dust collection capability and the ozone yield and the spark discharge probability are.
Further, the spark quenching device also comprises a high-voltage power supply, wherein the high-voltage power supply has a spark quenching function; the adopted high-voltage power supply can be fixed voltage or adjustable voltage, and when the fixed voltage is adopted, the high-voltage power supply voltage is higher than the corona starting voltage of the positive corona electrode and the negative corona electrode, lower than the spark voltage and positioned near the working point with better linearity. When the adjustable high-voltage power supply is adopted, the waste gas concentration sensor is used for controlling the voltage, so that the stable purification efficiency can be obtained, and the energy can be saved and the consumption can be reduced. The high voltage power supply must be spark quenching and must ensure that the spark duration is sufficiently short that the temperature rise of the spark at the electrode surface must be below the flash point of the lowest flash point component of the TVOC being purified. Preferably, an electronic boosting high-voltage power supply is adopted, the excellent circuit design can control the period of spark quenching within one to several high-voltage pulses (nanosecond to microsecond order), and the high-voltage power supply has better fire resistance compared with a high-frequency transformer (at least tens of milliseconds).
In conclusion, the electrode structure for the pretreatment of the purification of the waste gas containing the dust VOCs provided by the invention adopts the bipolar ion wind purification technology to realize the high-efficiency purification of the volatile condensed ultrafine particles and the high-efficiency generation of ozone. By utilizing the characteristic that positive corona ion wind is far larger than negative corona ion wind under the same electrode form and voltage, the purification efficiency of fine particles is improved by the positive corona ion wind; the characteristic of high yield of negative corona ozone under the same condition is utilized to obtain high enough ozone concentration; the method is characterized in that the purifying capacity of VOCs is additionally obtained by utilizing the characteristics of low corona starting voltage of a prickle corona electrode and large distribution range of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen radicals; the corona electrode is cooled by utilizing a waste gas flowing heat dissipation mode without a special heat dissipation fan.
The first … … and the second … … are only used for name differentiation and do not represent how different the importance and position of the two are.
Here, the upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear merely represent relative positions thereof and do not represent absolute positions thereof
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a processing electrode structure before dirty VOCs exhaust-gas purification which characterized in that: including positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate and insulating rod, positive electrode plate passes through insulator and screw fixation with the negative electrode plate on the insulating rod, positive electrode plate sets up with the negative electrode plate interval, be provided with positive electrode needle on the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate with the positive electrode plate is relative is provided with the negative electrode needle on the surface, positive electrode needle is not shorter than the negative electrode needle.
2. The electrode structure before purification of waste gas containing dust VOCs according to claim 1, wherein: the positive electrode needles and the negative electrode needles form electrode needle groups, and each electrode needle group at least comprises three pairs of positive electrode needles and negative electrode needles which are oppositely arranged.
3. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust VOCs of claim 2, wherein: the positive electrode needle is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode, and the negative electrode needle is a corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode.
4. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust VOCs of claim 3, wherein: the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode needle respectively comprise a discharge tip, and the discharge tip is in a needle point shape or a bur shape.
5. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust VOCs according to claim 4, wherein: the curvature radius of the discharge tips of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode needle ranges from 1 mu m to 500 mu m.
6. The electrode structure before purification of waste gas containing dust VOCs according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles on the positive electrode plate is 0.1-5 times of the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles and the negative electrode plate, and the distance between the discharge tips of the negative electrode needles on the negative electrode plate is 0.1-5 times of the distance between the discharge tips of the positive electrode needles and the negative electrode plate.
7. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust VOCs of claim 6, wherein: the distance between the projection point of the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle on the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode needle is 1.5-25 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode plate.
8. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust and VOCs of claim 7, wherein: the length of the positive electrode needle is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the positive electrode needle and the negative electrode plate, and the length of the negative electrode needle is 0.05-0.6 times of the distance between the discharge tip of the negative electrode needle and the positive electrode plate.
9. The electrode structure before purification of the waste gas containing dust VOCs of claim 8, wherein: the distance between the discharge tip of the needle point of the positive electrode and the negative electrode plate is not more than the distance between the discharge tip of the needle point of the negative electrode and the positive electrode plate.
10. The electrode structure for pretreatment of exhaust gas purification of dust-containing VOCs according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the spark quenching device further comprises a high-voltage power supply which has a spark quenching function.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111715043A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-29 | 秦皇岛市桑格电气控制设备有限公司 | Smoke and dust fog is retrieved and poisonous and harmful gas eliminates module |
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