CN111106620B - Electric automobile charging distributed management scheme based on block chain - Google Patents

Electric automobile charging distributed management scheme based on block chain Download PDF

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CN111106620B
CN111106620B CN201910851786.0A CN201910851786A CN111106620B CN 111106620 B CN111106620 B CN 111106620B CN 201910851786 A CN201910851786 A CN 201910851786A CN 111106620 B CN111106620 B CN 111106620B
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power grid
charging
discharging
electric automobile
electric
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CN111106620A (en
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郭创新
朱承治
王雪平
曹袖
黄晓波
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Zhejiang University ZJU
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhejiang University ZJU
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a block chain-based electric vehicle charging distributed system. The system comprises an electric automobile, a P2P charging pile network based on a block chain architecture and a power grid; the electric automobile is used as a storage system for storing redundant electric quantity of a power grid; the charging pile network can realize real-time sharing of power demand information and real-time price among all power systems, each charging pile in the network is used as an independent node, the node acquires the demand information and the real-time discharge reward price from a power grid, schedules a corresponding electric automobile to execute charging and discharging behaviors, generates a corresponding transaction record according to the charging and discharging behaviors of the electric automobile and writes the transaction record into a block chain; the power grid is a demand publisher in the system, and the power grid sends real-time demand information and real-time discharge reward price to the charging pile network according to the state of the power grid and adjusts the operation of the system of the power grid. The invention develops the power system towards the direction of cleanness and high efficiency, and establishes a good power ecological network.

Description

Electric automobile charging distributed management scheme based on block chain
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distributed management scheme for electric vehicle charging based on a block chain, and relates to the fields of electric power big data, the block chain, a distributed system, electrical engineering, power grid technology and the like.
Background
There are two significant disadvantages to today's power networks: high cost and large amount of waste, both of which are the most significant causes of inefficiency in today's power networks. One solution today is to use intermittent renewable energy sources (solar, wind, and hydro) as the auxiliary of the power grid, but the renewable energy sources are unstable and discontinuous, and cannot achieve the purpose of stable power supply. Based on the above situation, related research proposes the concept of electric vehicle-power grid. The method comprises the following steps that a large number of Electric Vehicles (EV) are used as a distributed energy storage system and as the buffer of a power grid, and when the load of the power grid is too high, the EV feeds power to the power grid; and when the load of the power grid is low, the electric automobile is used for storing the surplus generated energy of the power grid, so that waste is avoided. V2G has great potential due to the ever-expanding size of electric vehicles in recent years, coupled with the development of advanced lithium ion batteries and charging infrastructure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low efficiency of the existing power network and provides a distributed management scheme for charging of an electric automobile based on a block chain.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: the system comprises an electric vehicle, a P2P charging pile network based on a blockchain architecture and a power grid.
The electric automobile is used as a storage system, stores redundant electric quantity of a power grid, has two actions of charging and discharging, can automatically set expected charging time and expected discharging time, can relieve the pressure of the power grid by discharging to the power grid and obtain reward money according to real-time price, and can also select charging to ensure normal use or store redundant energy of the power grid;
the charging pile network is a dispatching center of the whole system, the core of the charging pile network is a P2P network based on a block chain, a dispatching system based on the block chain is adopted, real-time sharing of power demand information and real-time price among all power systems can be realized, each charging pile in the network is used as an independent node, the node acquires the demand information and real-time discharging reward price from a power grid and dispatches a corresponding electric automobile to execute charging and discharging behaviors, and generates a corresponding transaction record according to the charging and discharging behaviors of the electric automobile and writes the transaction record into the block chain;
the power grid is a demand publisher in the system, and the power grid sends real-time demand information and real-time discharge reward price to the charging pile network according to the state of the power grid and adjusts the operation of the system of the power grid;
when the load of the power grid is high, the electric automobile serving as the storage system transmits the stored electric energy to the load through the charging pile network, and when the load of the power grid is low, the electric automobile serving as the storage system stores the redundant electric quantity through the charging pile network.
Advantageous effects of the invention
According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics of the block chain P2P, the flow of the power resource in the power grid is fully and reasonably allocated, the combination of the information flow and the energy flow is realized, the power resource is fully utilized, the use experience of electric vehicle users is improved, and the operation efficiency of the smart power grid is greatly improved. The method has the advantages that through analyzing the internal relation among the electricity utilization data of the users, the abnormal scores representing each user are given to evaluate the suspected abnormal probability of the user, the abnormal scores become important references of an electric power company, the efficiency of the electricity utilization abnormality troubleshooting work is improved, the operation cost is reduced, when the abnormality of the electricity utilization data is detected, a large amount of data can be processed quickly, the condition of lack of training samples can be adapted, and the practical requirements of an electric power department can be met better.
The present invention utilizes a block-chain data structure to verify and store data, utilizes a distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, utilizes cryptographic means to secure data transmission and access, and utilizes intelligent contracts composed of automated script code to program and manipulate data. The programmability, decentralization, autonomy and non-tamper property of information flow in the intelligent power grid are realized. The organizational structure relation and interaction among the electric automobile, the charging pile and the power grid are well controlled, the electric automobile and the power grid are required, the power system is developed towards the direction of cleanness and high efficiency, and a good power ecological network is established.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block structure design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process between a charging pile and an automobile and a power grid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the technical solution of the present invention includes: the system comprises an electric vehicle, a P2P charging pile network based on a blockchain architecture and a power grid.
The electric automobile is used as a storage system, stores redundant electric quantity of a power grid, has two actions of charging and discharging, can automatically set expected charging time and expected discharging time, can relieve the pressure of the power grid by discharging to the power grid and obtain reward money according to real-time price, and can also select charging to ensure normal use or store redundant energy of the power grid;
the charging pile network is a dispatching center of the whole system, the core of the charging pile network is a P2P network based on a block chain, a dispatching system based on the block chain is adopted, real-time sharing of power demand information and real-time price among all power systems can be realized, each charging pile in the network is used as an independent node, the node acquires the demand information and real-time discharging reward price from a power grid and dispatches a corresponding electric automobile to execute charging and discharging behaviors, and generates a corresponding transaction record according to the charging and discharging behaviors of the electric automobile and writes the transaction record into the block chain;
the power grid is a demand publisher in the system, and the power grid sends real-time demand information and real-time discharge reward price to the charging pile network according to the state of the power grid and adjusts the operation of the system of the power grid;
when the load of the power grid is high, the electric automobile serving as the storage system transmits the stored electric energy to the load through the charging pile network, and when the load of the power grid is low, the electric automobile serving as the storage system stores the redundant electric quantity through the charging pile network;
the charging pile network is used as a channel for interaction between a power grid and an electric automobile in the model, is also a core in the model, and is divided into a software layer and a hardware layer as a whole:
the hardware layer defines the electrical characteristics of the charging and discharging process and realizes a charging and discharging hardware interface. On one hand, the hardware layer interacts with a power grid and an electric vehicle to realize a specific charging and discharging process; and on the other hand, the hardware layer interacts with the software layer to receive specific charging and discharging commands.
The software layer consists of three parts, namely a bottom layer block chain, an Ether house platform and an intelligent contract. Wherein:
2-1, the bottom layer block chain is used as the basis of the whole project and is responsible for recording and maintaining the transaction records occurring in the whole control model.
All charging and discharging can form independent charging and discharging transaction records (transactions), the records are recorded in the bottom layer block chain by a software layer of a charging pile network, and the whole network is synchronously updated through a block chain technology. The block structure information in the bottom layer block chain is shown in fig. 1:
wherein the definition of the relevant fields in the transition is shown in Table 1:
Figure GDA0002425198000000041
TABLE 1
2-2, providing an operation basis for the intelligent contract by the Ether house platform. In the model, software layer interaction of a power grid, an electric automobile and a charging pile network is mainly completed through three contracts: a charge transaction contract, a discharge transaction contract, a demand status and value update contract. The demand state and value updating contract is responsible for issuing demand information and current discharging reward information to the charging pile. The charging transaction contract is responsible for recording transaction information of electric vehicle discharging by the power grid, and the discharging transaction contract is responsible for recording transaction information of electric vehicle discharging by the power grid.
The specific demand information that the electric wire netting was released to filling electric pile is divided into two types:
the grid load is high, and the electric vehicle is required to discharge to the grid to relieve the pressure of the grid, which is defined as the discharge demand.
The grid load is low, allowing the electric vehicle to store excess energy from the grid, which is defined as the charging demand.
According to different requirements, different intelligent contracts in the charging piles can receive demand information from a power grid, convert the demand information into corresponding instructions and transmit the instructions to the electric automobile connected to the charging piles, after the electric automobile receives the instructions from the charging piles, corresponding charging and discharging operations are executed, each charging and discharging operation of the electric automobile can form a transaction record, and the transaction record is subjected to packaging processing and block generation by a bottom layer block chain system and then is updated in the whole network. All charging and discharging records of the electric vehicle are stored in blocks in a mathematical encryption mode and are traceable.
When electric automobile with fill electric pile and be connected, fill electric pile's relevant state can be collected to the software layer. Table 2 lists the relevant state variables for a single electric vehicle.
Figure GDA0002425198000000051
TABLE 2
Predicted end time T of chargingratedCan be calculated by the following formula:
Trated＝(SOCexp-SOCstart)Battery/(Pratedηrated) (1)
Tdcan be calculated by the following formula:
Td＝Tset-Trated (2)
assuming that the daily mileage M of the user is linearly related to the current SOC value x and referring to [11], the following formula is obtained:
M＝-1.128x+112.64 (3)
defining a minimum SOC guarantee value λ according to (3):
Figure GDA0002425198000000061
the lowest SOC guarantee value lambda is the lowest SOC state calculated by the daily driving mileage M of the user, the SOC state at the moment can meet the lowest travel requirement of the user, discharging is allowed only when the SOC state of the electric vehicle is larger than lambda, and the SOC state after discharging cannot be lower than lambda.
Assuming that the unit Price of the reward power discharged by the power grid is a fixed value, the reward R discharged by the user can be calculated by the following formula:
R＝Td*Price (5)
s.t.Td>0
the software layer interacts with the power grid at regular time intervals (for example, 30 minutes) to obtain the current demand information of the power grid:
when the current power grid is in a high load state, the electric automobile is required to discharge to the power grid at the moment. The following situations are divided according to the requirements of users:
the user initially sets the charging behaviour:
Td≤0
at the moment, the electric automobile only carries out the duration TratedCharging of (2).
Td>0
At the moment, the first time period of the electric automobile is TratedAnd is charged for the remainder TdDischarging in time and obtaining corresponding reward R, the discharging action ensures TdSOC at endend≥λ。
The user initially sets the discharge behavior:
SOCstart≤λ
at the moment, the electric automobile is not allowed to discharge, so that the influence on daily travel of a user and the loss of the battery are avoided.
SOCstart>λ
At the moment, the electric automobile can continuously discharge till the SOCiWhen λ, the discharge behavior is stopped and the user gets a reward R.
When the electric wire netting is in low load state, then fill electric pile and can send the charging command:
the user initially sets the charging behaviour: at the moment, the electric steamThe execution time of the vehicle is min (T)set,Trated) The charging action of (2).
The user initially sets the discharge behavior: at the moment, the power grid is in a low-load state, so that the requirement for relieving the power grid pressure through the discharging action of the electric automobile is low, and the user is not allowed to discharge.
Through the interaction process, the initial purpose of the model can be achieved, namely when the load of a power grid is high, the pressure of the power grid is relieved through the discharging action of the electric automobile, the enthusiasm of user participation is improved through a reward mechanism, and when the load of the power grid is low, the electric automobile is used as distributed energy storage equipment, so that the waste of energy is avoided; the whole process meets the actual travel requirements of the user, and on the basis of meeting the basic travel requirements of the user, the energy flow between the power grid and the electric automobile is promoted, so that the power grid system is developed towards high efficiency and elasticity.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A distributed system for charging an electric vehicle based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the electric vehicle, a P2P charging pile network based on a block chain architecture and a power grid;
the electric automobile is used as a storage system, stores redundant electric quantity of a power grid, has two actions of charging and discharging, and can automatically set expected charging time and expected discharging time, so that the electric automobile can relieve the pressure of the power grid by discharging to the power grid, obtain reward money according to real-time price, and select charging to ensure normal use or store redundant energy of the power grid;
the charging pile network is a dispatching center of the whole system, the core of the charging pile network is a P2P network based on a block chain, a dispatching system based on the block chain is adopted, real-time sharing of power demand information and real-time price among all power systems can be realized, each charging pile in the network is used as an independent node, the node acquires the demand information and real-time discharging reward price from a power grid and dispatches a corresponding electric automobile to execute charging and discharging behaviors, and generates a corresponding transaction record according to the charging and discharging behaviors of the electric automobile and writes the transaction record into the block chain;
the power grid is a demand publisher in the system, and the power grid sends real-time demand information and real-time discharge reward price to the charging pile network according to the state of the power grid and adjusts the operation of the system of the power grid;
when the load of the power grid is high, the electric automobile serving as the storage system transmits the stored electric energy to the load through the charging pile network, and when the load of the power grid is low, the electric automobile serving as the storage system stores the redundant electric quantity through the charging pile network;
the charging pile network is divided into a software layer and a hardware layer:
the hardware layer specifies the electrical characteristics of the charging and discharging process and realizes a charging and discharging hardware interface, and meanwhile, the hardware layer interacts with a power grid and an electric automobile through the interface to realize the specific charging and discharging process; on the other hand, the hardware layer interacts with the software layer and receives a charge and discharge command;
the software layer consists of a bottom layer block chain, an Ether house platform and an intelligent contract;
2-1, the bottom layer block chain is responsible for recording and maintaining the occurring transaction records;
all charging and discharging can form independent charging and discharging transaction records, the software layer of the charging pile network is recorded in the bottom layer block chain, and the whole network synchronous updating is carried out through the block chain technology;
the definition of the relevant fields in the transaction record is shown in table 1:
Figure FDA0003502226450000021
2-2, providing an operation basis for the intelligent contract by the Etheng platform; the software layer interaction of the power grid, the electric automobile and the charging pile network is completed through three contracts: a charge transaction contract, a discharge transaction contract, a demand state and value update contract; the demand state and value updating contract is responsible for issuing demand information and current discharging reward information to the charging pile; the charging transaction contract is responsible for recording transaction information of electric vehicle discharging by the power grid, and the discharging transaction contract is responsible for recording transaction information of electric vehicle discharging by the power grid;
the demand information that the electric wire netting was released to filling electric pile network is divided into two types:
the load of the power grid is high, the electric automobile needs to discharge to the power grid to relieve the pressure of the power grid, and the discharge requirement is defined;
the load of the power grid is low, and the electric automobile is allowed to store redundant energy of the power grid, which is defined as the charging requirement;
according to different requirements, different intelligent contracts in the charging piles can receive demand information from a power grid, convert the demand information into corresponding instructions and transmit the instructions to the electric automobiles connected with the charging piles, the electric automobiles execute corresponding charging and discharging operations after receiving the instructions from the charging piles, each charging and discharging operation of the electric automobiles can form a transaction record, the transaction record is subjected to packaging processing by a bottom layer block chain and is generated into blocks, and then the blocks are updated in the whole network; all charging and discharging records of the electric automobile are stored in a block in a mathematical encryption mode and are traceable;
when the electric automobile is connected with the charging pile, a software layer of the charging pile collects relevant state variables of the electric automobile;
the relevant state variables of a single electric vehicle are shown in table 2 below:
Figure FDA0003502226450000031
the related state variables of the electric automobile are calculated as follows:
predicted end time T of chargingratedCalculated by the following formula:
Trated＝(SOCexp-SOCstart)Battery/(Pratedηrated) (1)
Tdcan be calculated by the following formula:
Td＝Tset-Trated (2)
assuming that the daily driving mileage M of the user is in a linear relationship with the current SOC value x, the following formula is obtained:
M＝-1.128x+112.64 (3)
the minimum SOC guarantee value λ is defined according to equation (3):
Figure FDA0003502226450000032
the lowest SOC guarantee value lambda is the lowest SOC state calculated by the daily driving mileage M of the user, the SOC state at the moment can meet the lowest trip requirement of the user, discharging is allowed only when the SOC state of the electric vehicle is larger than lambda, and the SOC state after discharging cannot be lower than lambda;
assuming that the unit Price of the reward power discharged by the power grid is a fixed value, the reward R discharged by the user can be calculated by the following formula:
R＝Td*Price (5)
s.t.Td>0
the software layer and the power grid interact at fixed time intervals, so that the current demand information of the power grid is acquired:
firstly, when the current power grid is in a high-load state, the electric automobile needs to discharge to the power grid at the moment; the following situations are divided according to the requirements of users:
a. the user initially sets the charging behaviour:
Td≤0
at the moment, the electric automobile only carries out the duration TratedCharging of (1);
Td>0
at the moment, the first time period of the electric automobile is TratedAnd is charged for the remainder TdDischarging in time and obtaining corresponding reward R, the discharging action ensures TdSOC at endend≥λ；
b. The user initially sets the discharge behavior:
SOCstart≤λ
at the moment, the electric automobile is not allowed to discharge, so that the influence on the daily trip of a user and the loss of the battery are avoided;
SOCstart>λ
at the moment, the electric automobile can continuously discharge till the SOCiWhen the user is lambda, stopping the discharging action, and obtaining a reward R by the user;
secondly, when the power grid is in a low load state, the charging pile can send a charging command:
the user initially sets the charging behaviour: at the moment, the execution time of the electric automobile is min (T)set,Trated) The charging behavior of;
the user initially sets the discharge behavior: at the moment, the power grid is in a low-load state, so that the requirement for relieving the power grid pressure through the discharging action of the electric automobile is low, and the user is not allowed to discharge.
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