CN111106362A - Flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for fuel cell, control system and control method - Google Patents
Flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for fuel cell, control system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111106362A CN111106362A CN201911373025.5A CN201911373025A CN111106362A CN 111106362 A CN111106362 A CN 111106362A CN 201911373025 A CN201911373025 A CN 201911373025A CN 111106362 A CN111106362 A CN 111106362A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04932—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for a fuel cell, a control system and a control method. The composite flow field plate is formed by combining a high-density graphite thin layer, spraying rubber, a thin aluminum metal plate and boosting liquid; controlling the amount of liquid in the rib by a plunger pump in combination with a throttle valve; and the temperature measured by the film type ntc temperature sensor is used for correcting the flow rate of the liquid in the rib. The sprayed quick-setting liquid rubber is an elastic waterproof material of high molecular polymer, and is commonly used for jointing and waterproofing in the fields of buildings and the like. The flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels and the control method thereof can realize that the reactant concentration in the flow field plate is increased instantly when the power output needs to be increased. Meanwhile, the pressure reduction in the flow field plate can be realized by combining the under-pressure purging process, so that the evaporation of water is enhanced. The controllable flexible flow field plate can dynamically meet the energy requirement of the automobile in the running process and the purging requirement of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels for a fuel cell, a control system and a control method thereof.
Background
Hydrogen fuel cells are considered to be one of the most promising energy devices of the next generation due to their high theoretical efficiency and non-polluting emissions. At present, fuel cells have been applied prospectively in the fields of cogeneration of new energy automobiles and household residences, portable mobile power sources and biological batteries. However, since the fuel cell is often flooded or overdried after a period of operation, the water management problem of the fuel cell is one of the problems to be solved urgently. And because of the essential difference with the internal combustion engine, the fuel cell can not respond in time when needing high power output instantly, which is the difficulty that the fuel cell needs to solve and overcome.
A typical pem fuel cell comprises a flow field plate, a catalyst layer and a polymer membrane. The material, surface and flow channel arrangement of the flow field plate often greatly affect the performance of the fuel cell. Common flow field plate materials are metal materials, plastics, graphite and composite materials. Except for flexible graphite flow field plates, most flow field plates are stationary. The feed gas decreases in concentration as the length of the flow channel increases, while the water content gradually increases as the length of the flow channel increases. This is detrimental to the dynamic control and real-time energy requirements of the fuel cell.
The technology of spraying quick-setting rubber is often used as a waterproof technology and the like and has important application in the field of buildings. The sprayed quick-setting rubber can prevent the boosting liquid in the quick-setting rubber from leaking and keep the elasticity of the flexible graphite layer. The rubber sprayed partially at present has better ductility and puncture resistance and better heat resistance stability.
The current common method of increasing fuel cell power and purging is to increase and decrease the total gas pressure through the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell. However, since the flow channel is long, the pressure distribution at the inlet and outlet is usually not uniform, which results in non-uniform utilization of the catalyst layer, and the gas diffusion layer and the polymer electrolyte membrane at the inlet are easily damaged when the pressure requirement is satisfied near the exhaust position. And the reaction change time from the inlet and outlet is long.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels for a fuel cell, a control system and a control method thereof.
The invention achieves the technical purpose through the following technical means:
a flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for a fuel cell comprises a high-density graphite layer 1, spraying rubber 2, boosting liquid 3 and an aluminum metal sheet 4;
the innermost side of flexible flow field board is high density graphite layer 1, high density graphite layer 1 surface is pressed into the inboard trapezoidal concave surface of orientation of a plurality of interval arrangements, forms a plurality of rib, at trapezoidal concave surface side spraying rapid hardening rubber 2, the outmost of flexible flow field board is aluminium sheet metal 4, aluminium sheet metal 4 is close to this side of high density graphite layer 1 and also sprays rapid hardening rubber 2, the spraying face of high density graphite layer 1 and the spraying face of aluminium sheet metal 4 glue, at this moment, the spraying face of the trapezoidal concave surface of high density graphite layer 1 and the spraying face of aluminium sheet metal 4 form the cavity, be full of helping hand liquid 3 in the cavity.
Furthermore, the thickness of the high-density graphite layer 1 is 0.15 mm-0.2 mm, the specification is 450 meshes, and the expansion degree is 0.0012 times.
Further, the aluminum thin metal plate 4 has a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.3 mm.
The technical scheme of the system of the invention is as follows: a control system of a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels for a fuel cell comprises the flexible flow field plate, a film type ntc temperature sensor 6, a plunger pump 7, a throttle valve 8, an oil tank 10 and a control unit 9;
one end of the oil tank 10 is connected with the plunger pump 7 through an oil way, the plunger pump 7 is connected with the fuel cell 5, the fuel cell 5 is connected with the throttle valve 8, and the throttle valve 8 is connected with the other end of the oil tank 10; the control unit 9 is respectively connected with the plunger pump 7, the throttle valve 8 and the film type ntc temperature sensor 6; the boosting liquid 3 is stored in the oil tank 10, the boosting liquid 3 is supplied into a cavity of the flexible flow field plate through a plunger pump 7, and the throttle valve 8 is used for regulating and controlling the flow rate of the boosting liquid 3; the control unit 9 is used for controlling the flow of the plunger pump 7 and the throttle valve 8, and the membrane ntc temperature sensor 6 is used for measuring the temperature of the fuel cell 5 and collecting the temperature to the control unit 9 to correct the flow of the liquid in the cavity.
Further, a power assisting liquid 3 is supplied into the cavity of the flexible flow field plate through a plunger pump 7 by using a needle tube or a hose, and the interface is sealed by using glue or an adhesive material.
Further, the membrane type ntc temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature of the flow field plate of the fuel cell and transmits the temperature to the control unit of the vehicle, and the membrane type ntc temperature sensors 6 are distributed at three positions of the end part, the middle part and the tail part of the fuel cell 5, wherein the total number of the three positions is nine.
The control method of the present invention is that the control unit 9 receives a running signal of the vehicle, an input air pressure of an air supply system of the fuel cell 5, and an electric signal of the film ntc temperature sensor 6, and then controls the flow rates of the throttle valve 8 and the controllable plunger pump 7:
the first mode is as follows:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell collected by the film ntc temperature sensor is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the fuel cell 5 executes stop under-pressure purging, the flow rate and the change rate in the cavity are required to be larger to avoid the generation of bubbles, the expansion coefficient of the booster liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed to enable the plunger pump 7 to rotate reversely, the side width of the trapezoidal concave surface of the flexible flow field plate is instantly reduced, and the air pressure of the air passage is reduced; preferably, the flow opening of the plunger pump is 76-80%;
and a second mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state, and the film ntc temperature sensor acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is about room temperature, about 25 ℃, low-temperature under-pressure purging is executed, the flow in the cavity can be small but the change rate of the flow can be large, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the power-assisted liquid 3 and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed, the plunger pump 7 is reversed, the side width of the flexible trapezoid concave surface of the flow field plate is instantly increased, the air passage is reduced, the gas concentration at the moment is increased so as to enter the gas diffusion layer, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is accelerated and increased; preferably, the flow opening of the plunger pump is 50-60%;
and a third mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is acceleration instant increase or instant power increase, and the film ntc temperature sensor 6 acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the purging action is not executed, the flow rate in the cavity and the change rate thereof are large, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed, the liquid supply of the plunger pump 7 is increased, at the moment, the side width of the concave surface of the flexible trapezoid flow field plate is instantly increased, the air passage is reduced, the concentration of the gas is increased, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is accelerated; the flow opening of the plunger pump 7 is preferably 80-90%;
and a fourth mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a steady-state working condition, and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃ acquired by the film ntc temperature sensor 6, the purging action is not executed, the flow in the cavity is required to be low and basically unchanged, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 is required to be kept open, the plunger pump 7 supplies liquid normally, the side width and the flow channel of the trapezoid concave surface of the flexible flow field plate are ensured to be in the conventional size at the moment, the gas supply system is required to supply gas normally, the stable output power of the fuel cell can be ensured at the moment, and the flow opening of the.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate and the control method thereof can assist in the water management process of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the pressure change of the auxiliary under-pressure purging is more sensitive than the pressure change only from an inlet because the pressure change is the flow channel controllable by liquid, and the change in the field plate is more uniform.
2. The flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels and the control method thereof can assist in increasing the energy output process of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and increase the reaction rate by changing the flow channels to increase the opportunity of gas passing through the GDL layer while increasing the supply gas pressure.
3. The flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate and the control method thereof dynamically adjust the flow field plate of the fuel cell according to different working conditions and temperatures through the control unit so as to meet the requirements at different moments. The flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels and the control method thereof can realize that the reactant concentration in the flow field plate is increased instantly when the power output needs to be increased. Meanwhile, the pressure reduction in the flow field plate can be realized by combining the under-pressure purging process, so that the evaporation of water is enhanced. The controllable flexible flow field plate can dynamically meet the energy requirement of the automobile in the running process and the purging requirement of the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 45 degree structural view of a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a control schematic diagram of the control method of the flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels according to the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the installation position of the thin film type ntc temperature sensor of the flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels of the invention.
Wherein: 1-a high density graphite layer; 2-a quick setting rubber layer; 3-boosting liquid; 4-aluminum sheet metal; 5-a fuel cell; 6-membrane ntc temperature sensor; 7-a plunger pump; 8-a throttle valve; 9-a control unit; 10-oil tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, materials and parts not specifically described are commercially available.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels provided by the invention comprises a high-density graphite layer 1, spray rubber 2, an assisting liquid 3 and an aluminum metal sheet 4; the thickness of the high-density graphite layer 1 adopted in the embodiment is 0.15 mm-0.2 mm, the specification is 450 meshes, the expansion degree is 0.0012 times, quick setting rubber 2 is sprayed on the concave side of the high-density graphite layer, and the high-density graphite layer is glued after 6 seconds of drying; the aluminum metal sheet adopted in the embodiment has the thickness of 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, the rapid hardening rubber 2 is sprayed on the upper surface of the aluminum metal sheet, and the aluminum metal sheet is quickly glued and compacted with the prepared high-density graphite layer 1; cutting off redundant parts, wherein the effective area needs to be estimated again; the power assisting device is assembled on a fuel cell stack, corresponding power assisting liquid is injected after the power assisting device is glued and sealed through a needle tube or a rubber tube, the injected power assisting liquid is ensured to be excessive properly, corresponding bubbles are discharged in time, and the phenomena of insufficient pressure and the like which possibly occur are avoided. Meanwhile, whether the corresponding leakage phenomenon exists or not needs to be checked during liquid injection. If leakage occurs, the flexible flow field plate should be prepared again. After the above steps are completed, the hose is connected to an external system.
As shown in fig. 3, the control system of the flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels provided by the invention comprises a film ntc temperature sensor 6, a plunger pump 7, a throttle valve 8, a control unit 9 and an oil tank 10; the membrane ntc temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature of the fuel at three points, namely the electrical end, the middle and the tail, and transmits an electrical signal to the control unit 9; the plunger pump 7 and the throttle valve 8 are regulated and controlled by the control unit 9 to change the inlet and outlet flow; the circulated assist liquid 3 is stored in the oil tank 10.
As shown in fig. 4, the installation position of the membrane ntc temperature sensor 6 on the surface of the pem fuel cell is divided into nine points, and the arithmetic mean of the temperatures is taken as the calculation basis for calculating the overall temperature of the pem fuel cell and calculating the assist liquid and the gas in the flow channel.
The control unit 9 calculates the temperature of the internal boosting liquid 3 according to the arithmetic mean of the temperature difference of the end part and the three points of the middle part and the end part and the tail part, and the thermal resistance of the aluminum metal sheet 4, the spraying rubber 2 and the high-density graphite layer 1, obtains the expansion volume of the boosting liquid 3 and the supplied gas, and corrects the flow rate values of the plunger pump 7 and the throttle valve 8.
The first mode is as follows:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell collected by the film ntc temperature sensor is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the fuel cell 5 executes stop under-pressure purging, the flow rate and the change rate in the cavity are required to be larger to avoid the generation of bubbles, the expansion coefficient of the booster liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed to enable the plunger pump 7 to rotate reversely, the side width of the trapezoidal concave surface of the flexible flow field plate is instantly reduced, and the air pressure of the air passage is reduced; the plunger pump flow opening is preferably 76% to 80%.
And a second mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state, and the film ntc temperature sensor acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is about room temperature, about 25 ℃, low-temperature under-pressure purging is executed, the flow in the cavity can be small but the change rate of the flow can be large, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the power-assisted liquid 3 and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed, the plunger pump 7 is reversed, the side width of the flexible trapezoid concave surface of the flow field plate is instantly increased, the air passage is reduced, the gas concentration at the moment is increased so as to enter the gas diffusion layer, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is accelerated and increased; the plunger pump flow opening is preferably 50% to 60%.
And a third mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is acceleration instant increase or instant power increase, and the film ntc temperature sensor 6 acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the purging action is not executed, the flow rate in the cavity and the change rate thereof are large, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 can be reduced or closed, the liquid supply of the plunger pump 7 is increased, at the moment, the side width of the concave surface of the flexible trapezoid flow field plate is instantly increased, the air passage is reduced, the concentration of the gas is increased, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is accelerated; the flow opening of the plunger pump 7 is preferably 80% to 90%.
And a fourth mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a steady-state working condition, and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃ acquired by the film ntc temperature sensor 6, the purging action is not executed, the flow in the cavity is required to be low and basically unchanged, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump 7 is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve 8 is required to be kept open, the plunger pump 7 supplies liquid normally, the side width and the flow channel of the trapezoid concave surface of the flexible flow field plate are ensured to be in the conventional size at the moment, the gas supply system is required to supply gas normally, the stable output power of the fuel cell can be ensured at the moment, and the flow opening of the.
From the technical scheme, the flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for the fuel cell and the control method thereof in the embodiment of the invention can effectively assist the under-pressure purging process and assist to instantly increase the power output of the fuel cell at a required moment, thereby effectively utilizing the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
In summary, the invention provides a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels for a fuel cell, a control system and a control method. The composite flow field plate is formed by combining a high-density graphite thin layer, spraying rubber, a thin aluminum metal plate and boosting liquid; wherein the high-density graphite thin layer is jointed with the metal sheet through quick-setting rubber, the width of the channel is 1-2 mm, the hydraulic radius of the through hole in the rib is about 1-1.5 mm, and the amount of liquid in the rib is controlled through a plunger pump; while the liquid expansion in the ribs is corrected by a thin film ntc temperature sensor. The sprayed quick-setting liquid rubber is an elastic waterproof material of high molecular polymer, and is commonly used for jointing and waterproofing in the fields of buildings and the like. The flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels and the control method thereof can realize that the reactant concentration in the flow field plate is increased instantly when the power output needs to be increased. Meanwhile, the pressure reduction in the flow field plate can be realized by combining the under-pressure purging process, so that the evaporation of water is enhanced. The controllable flexible flow field plate can dynamically meet the energy requirement of the automobile in the running process and the purging requirement of the battery.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A flow channel controllable flexible flow field plate for a fuel cell is characterized by comprising a high-density graphite layer (1), spraying rubber (2), boosting liquid (3) and an aluminum metal sheet (4);
the innermost side of flexible flow field board is high density graphite layer (1), high density graphite layer (1) surface is pressed into the inboard trapezoidal concave surface of orientation of a plurality of interval arrangements, form a plurality of rib, at trapezoidal concave surface side spraying rapid hardening rubber (2), the outermost layer of flexible flow field board is aluminium sheet metal (4), aluminium sheet metal (4) are close to this side of high density graphite layer (1) and also spray rapid hardening rubber (2), the spraying face of high density graphite layer (1) and the spraying face of aluminium sheet metal (4) glue, at this moment, the spraying face of the trapezoidal concave surface of high density graphite layer (1) and the spraying face of aluminium sheet metal (4) form the cavity, be full of helping hand liquid (3) in the cavity.
2. The flow channel-controllable flexible flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the high-density graphite layer (1) is 0.15mm to 0.2mm, the specification is 450 mesh, and the expansion degree is 0.0012 times.
3. A flow channel controlled flexible flow field plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the aluminium metal sheet (4) has a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.3 mm.
4. A control system of a flexible flow field plate with controllable flow channels for a fuel cell, characterized by comprising the flexible flow field plate according to any one of claims 1-3, a membrane ntc temperature sensor (6), a plunger pump (7), a throttle valve (8), a fuel tank (10), a control unit (9);
one end of the oil tank (10) is connected with the plunger pump (7) through an oil way, the plunger pump (7) is connected with the fuel cell (5), the fuel cell (5) is connected with the throttle valve (8), and the throttle valve (8) is connected with the other end of the oil tank (10); the control unit (9) is respectively connected with the plunger pump (7), the throttle valve (8) and the film type ntc temperature sensor (6); the boosting liquid (3) is stored in the oil tank (10), the boosting liquid (3) is supplied into the cavity of the flexible flow field plate through the plunger pump (7), and the throttle valve (8) is used for regulating and controlling the flow rate of the boosting liquid (3); the control unit (9) is used for controlling the flow of the plunger pump (7) and the throttle valve (8), and the membrane ntc temperature sensor (6) is used for measuring the temperature of the fuel cell (5) and collecting the temperature to the control unit (9) to correct the flow of the liquid in the cavity.
5. The control system of the fuel cell flow channel-controllable flexible flow field plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the boosting liquid (3) is supplied into the cavity of the flexible flow field plate through a plunger pump (7) by using a needle or a hose, and the interface is sealed by glue or an adhesive material.
6. The control system of the fuel cell flow channel-controllable flexible flow field plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane type ntc temperature sensor (6) measures the temperature of the flow field plate of the fuel cell and transmits the temperature to the control unit of the vehicle, and the membrane type ntc temperature sensors (6) are distributed at the end, middle and tail of the fuel cell (5) respectively at three positions, which are nine positions.
7. The control method of the fuel cell flow channel-controllable flexible flow field plate according to claim 4, characterized in that the control unit (9) receives a vehicle driving signal, an input air pressure of a fuel cell (5) air supply system, and an electric signal of a membrane ntc temperature sensor (6) and then controls the flow rates of the throttle valve (8) and the controllable plunger pump (7):
the first mode is as follows:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell collected by the film ntc temperature sensor is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the fuel cell (5) executes stop under-pressure purging, the flow rate and the change rate of the flow rate in the cavity are required to be larger to avoid the generation of bubbles, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump (7) is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve (8) is reduced or closed to enable the plunger pump (7) to rotate reversely, at the moment, the side width of the trapezoidal concave surface of the flexible flow field plate is instantly reduced, and the air pressure of the air passage is increased; preferably, the flow opening of the plunger pump is 76-80%;
and a second mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a stop state, and the film ntc temperature sensor acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is about room temperature, about 25 ℃, low-temperature under-pressure purging is executed, the flow in the cavity can be small but the change rate of the flow can be large, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the power-assisted liquid (3) and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump (7) is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve (8) is reduced or closed, the plunger pump (7) is reversed, the side width of the trapezoid concave surface of the flexible flow field plate is instantly increased, the air passage is reduced, the gas concentration at the moment is increased so as to enter the gas diffusion layer, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is accelerated to be increased; preferably, the flow opening of the plunger pump is 50-60%;
and a third mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is acceleration instant increase or instant power increase, and the film ntc temperature sensor (6) acquires that the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (5) is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, the purging action is not executed, the flow rate in the cavity and the change rate thereof are required to be larger, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow rate of the plunger pump (7) is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve (8) is reduced or closed, the liquid supply of the plunger pump (7) is increased, at the moment, the side width of the trapezoid concave surface of the flexible flow field plate is increased instantly, the air passage is reduced, the concentration of the gas is increased, and the power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is increased; the flow opening of the plunger pump (7) is preferably 80-90%;
and a fourth mode:
when the control unit reads that the automobile state is a steady-state working condition, and the arithmetic mean temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (5) is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃ acquired by the thin film ntc temperature sensor (6), purging is not executed, the flow in the cavity is low and basically unchanged, meanwhile, the expansion coefficient of the boosting liquid and the internal gas is calculated according to the temperature obtained by the arithmetic mean temperature, the volume flow of the plunger pump (7) is adjusted in real time, the throttle valve (8) is kept to be opened, the plunger pump (7) supplies liquid normally, the side width of the trapezoid concave surface of the flexible flow field plate and the flow channel are ensured to be in the conventional size, the gas supply system supplies gas normally, the stable output power of the fuel cell can be ensured, and the flow opening of the plunger pump is preferably 30-40%.
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| CN112103525A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-18 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Flexible fuel cell |
| CN113075549A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Visual measuring device and method thereof |
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| CN111106362B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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