CN111103506A - Method for detecting insulating strength and breakdown voltage of special-shaped plate - Google Patents
Method for detecting insulating strength and breakdown voltage of special-shaped plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111103506A CN111103506A CN201811249435.4A CN201811249435A CN111103506A CN 111103506 A CN111103506 A CN 111103506A CN 201811249435 A CN201811249435 A CN 201811249435A CN 111103506 A CN111103506 A CN 111103506A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/28—Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate and a method for detecting breakdown voltage, which belong to the field of electrical property detection methods and solve the problem that the insulation strength of part of the special-shaped plate cannot be detected, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step S1: installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against the back-to-back surface of the special-shaped plate; step S2: voltage is connected, the lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator; step S3: voltage output, starting a high voltage generator and raising output voltage at a constant speed until the required voltage is reached or the special-shaped plate is broken down; step S4: observing whether the special-shaped plate is broken down or not to judge whether the special-shaped plate is qualified or not; the lower electrode is a flexible conductive foil. The invention has reasonable structure, and can detect the insulation strength of each position of the special-shaped workpiece by sticking the flexible conductive foil on the special-shaped plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrical property detection method, in particular to a detection method of the insulation strength and the breakdown voltage of a special-shaped plate.
Background
Dielectric strength, which is a measure of the ability of a material to withstand high voltages without developing a dielectric breakdown, is defined as the maximum voltage that a unit thickness can withstand when a specimen is broken down, expressed in volts per unit thickness. The greater the dielectric strength of a substance, the better its quality as an insulator. Dielectric strength is an important parameter of insulation.
In the actual production process, the required voltage is applied to the workpiece, and when the workpiece is punctured by the required voltage, the workpiece is not qualified. The required voltage is equal to the breakdown voltage required by the workpiece to be greater than, and when the breakdown voltage of the workpiece is greater than the required voltage, the workpiece is qualified; and when the breakdown voltage of the workpiece is less than or equal to the required voltage, the workpiece is unqualified.
At present, chinese patent application with publication number CN104090217A discloses a device for testing breakdown voltage of a diaphragm, which includes a dc test circuit, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the dc test circuit are electrically connected to a fixed electrode plate and a conductive ball probe, respectively, the upper surface of the fixed electrode plate is a flat plate structure, the upper surface of the fixed electrode plate is used for placing a diaphragm to be tested, a movable electrode is flatly covered above the diaphragm to be tested, and the conductive ball probe is electrically contacted with the movable electrode during testing.
When the plate is formed into an irregular shape, the deformation of the plate can generate the change of the thick bottom, so that the change of the dielectric strength and the change of the breakdown voltage are caused, and the special-shaped plate can not reach the required insulating property when the plate is made into a special shape. But the upper surface of above-mentioned technical scheme fixed electrode board is dull and stereotyped structure, can't laminate with special-shaped plate surface to can't detect the dielectric strength of special-shaped plate part position.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate and a method for detecting the breakdown voltage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate comprises the following steps: step S1: installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against the back-to-back surface of the special-shaped plate; step S2: voltage is connected, the lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator; step S3: voltage output, starting a high-voltage generator to enable the high-voltage generator to input voltage to the upper electrode, and raising the output voltage at a constant speed until the output voltage reaches the required voltage or the special-shaped plate is broken down; step S4: observing that the special-shaped plate is unqualified if the special-shaped plate is punctured and qualified if the special-shaped plate is not punctured; the lower electrode is a flexible conductive foil and is attached to one end surface of the special-shaped plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flexible conductive foil is attached to the special-shaped plate, so that the surface of the special-shaped plate is attached to the lower electrode, and all the positions on the surface of the special-shaped plate can be in contact with the lower electrode, so that whether all the positions of the special-shaped plate can be punctured under required voltage or not can be detected, and the insulation strength of all the positions of a special-shaped workpiece can be detected.
The invention is further configured to: the upper electrode is also a conductive foil and is attached to the surface of one end, far away from the lower electrode, of the special-shaped plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the output voltage is applied to the two end faces of the special-shaped plate through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and when the weakest insulation strength on the special-shaped plate is broken down by the output voltage, the workpiece is unqualified; when the insulation strength on the special-shaped plate is weakest and is not punctured by the output voltage, the workpiece is qualified; the conductive foil is used as the upper electrode, the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively pasted on two end faces of the workpiece, the upper electrode and the lower electrode can more simply cover the weakest insulating strength on the special-shaped plate, the weakest insulating strength on the special-shaped plate is enabled to be under the output voltage, the unqualified plate can be found more conveniently, and the detection efficiency is improved.
The invention is further configured to: the upper electrode is a circular conductive foil, the diameter of the upper electrode is smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate, and if the special-shaped plate in the step S4 is qualified, the step S5 is continued, and the step S5 is: moving the upper electrode, moving the position of the upper electrode to move the upper electrode to a position where the upper electrode does not collide with the upper electrode, and repeating the steps S4 to S5.
When the tip appears on the upper electrode, the electric charges near the tip are particularly dense, so that the electric field intensity is increased, the phenomenon of near-end discharge occurs, and the breakdown of a medium is not facilitated; the upper electrode with the diameter smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate can find the weak point of the special-shaped plate which is broken down by the output voltage, thereby facilitating the improvement in production.
The invention is further configured to: the conductive foil is a metal foil, and the metal foil is adhered to the surface of the special-shaped plate through conductive adhesive.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make metal foil more stable laminating in the surface of dysmorphism work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the conductive foil is an aluminum foil adhesive tape.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aluminum foil adhesive tape is more convenient to be pasted on the surface of the special-shaped workpiece.
The invention is further configured to: before step S1, the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively abutted against two opposite ends of a standard plate, the breakdown voltage of which is known, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively connected to the voltage output end and the ground end of the high voltage generator; starting the high-voltage generator, and then increasing the output voltage of the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator at a constant speed until the standard plate is broken down by the output voltage; recording the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down, and then calculating an interference value, wherein the interference value is the difference value between the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down and the breakdown voltage of the standard plate; the output voltage in step S4 is the sum of the required voltage and the interference value.
By adopting the technical scheme, the interference value of glue and conductive adhesive on the aluminum foil adhesive tape on the test is calculated by using the standard component with known breakdown voltage, and the influence of the interference value on the detection result is eliminated by using a comparison and conversion mode, so that the detection result is more accurate.
The invention also aims to provide a method for detecting the breakdown voltage of the special-shaped plate, which comprises the following steps: step S1: installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against one end surface of the special-shaped plate; step S2: voltage is connected, the lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator; step S3: outputting voltage, starting a high-voltage generator, and uniformly increasing the output voltage until the special-shaped plate is broken down; step S4: observing and recording the output voltage when the special-shaped plate is broken down; the lower electrode is a metal foil and is attached to one end surface of the special-shaped plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the subsides that utilize flexible conducting foil apply in special-shaped plate surface, make the surface and the bottom electrode laminating of special-shaped plate, make each position on surface of special-shaped plate all can be connected greatly with the bottom electrode to can detect the breakdown voltage of special-shaped plate.
The invention is further configured to: in step S3, the output voltage is gradually increased, the output time of each output voltage is longer than 10S, the first-stage output voltage is increased when the profiled plate still has not been broken through under the current-stage output voltage, and then step S3 is repeated.
Some breakdown reactions need certain time, and final detection results can be influenced if the voltage rises within the time.
The invention is further configured to: the upper electrode is a circular metal foil, the diameter of the upper electrode is smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate, when the special-shaped plate is not broken down under the current-stage output voltage in step S3, the position of the upper electrode is moved firstly, the upper electrode is moved to the position where the upper electrode is not collided before, then the current-stage output voltage is continuously used for testing, the steps are repeated until the special-shaped plate is broken down or the surface of the special-shaped plate is detected completely, finally, the first-stage output voltage is increased, and step S3 is repeated.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, find the weakest position of dysmorphism plate dielectric strength to can detect out the breakdown voltage of weakest position, improve in the more convenient production.
The invention is further configured to: in step S5, when the shaped plate is broken through by the output voltage, the thickness of the broken position of the shaped plate is detected, and the dielectric strength of the shaped plate is calculated by dividing the breakdown voltage by the thickness of the broken position of the shaped plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the weakest dielectric strength of the special-shaped plate can be detected.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, a flexible conductive foil is attached to the surface of the special-shaped plate, so that each position of the surface of the special-shaped plate is contacted with a lower electrode, whether each position of the special-shaped plate can be punctured under required voltage or not can be detected, and the insulation strength or the puncture voltage of each position of a special-shaped workpiece can be detected;
secondly, the upper electrode with the diameter smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate can find the weak point of the special-shaped plate, which is punctured by the output voltage, so that the improvement in production is facilitated;
thirdly, calculating the interference value of the glue on the aluminum foil adhesive tape and the conductive adhesive to the test by using a standard component with known breakdown voltage, and discharging the influence of the interference value to the detection result by using a comparison and conversion mode, so that the detection result is more accurate.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate comprises the following steps:
step S1: and installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against the back-to-back surface of the special-shaped plate. The upper electrode and the lower electrode are both flexible conductive foils, the conductive foils are thin metal foils, and the metal foils are adhered to the surfaces of the special-shaped plate by using conductive adhesive, so that the surfaces of the two opposite ends of the special-shaped plate are completely covered by the lower electrode and the upper electrode respectively. The flexible conductive foil is pasted on the surface of the special-shaped plate, so that each position of the surface of the special-shaped plate is electrically connected with the lower electrode or the upper electrode.
The metal foil is preferably an aluminum foil or a copper foil. In order to facilitate the adhesion of the conductive foil to the special-shaped plate, the conductive foil can also be an aluminum foil adhesive tape, and the aluminum foil adhesive tape can be directly adhered to the surface of the special-shaped plate when the upper electrode or the lower electrode is installed.
Step S2: and when voltage is switched on, the lower electrode is electrically connected with the grounding end of the high-voltage generator through a lead, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator through a lead. The conductive foil and the lead wire can be fixedly connected by soldering.
Step S3: and outputting the voltage, starting the high-voltage generator, applying the voltage to two end faces of the special-shaped plate by the high-voltage generator through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and increasing the output voltage at a constant speed until the output voltage reaches the required voltage or the special-shaped plate is broken down. The required voltage is equal to a breakdown voltage that the workpiece requires to be greater than.
Step S4: and observing that the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate is unqualified when the special-shaped plate is broken down in the process of increasing the output voltage to the required voltage. The special-shaped plate is not broken down under the required voltage, and the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate is qualified.
Example 2: the difference between the method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate and the embodiment 1 is that before step S1, an upper electrode and a lower electrode are respectively pasted at two opposite ends of a standard plate. The breakdown voltage of the standard board is known. Then the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively connected to a voltage output end and a grounding end of the high-voltage generator; starting the high-voltage generator, and then increasing the output voltage of the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator at a constant speed until the standard plate is broken down by the output voltage; and recording the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down, and subtracting the breakdown voltage of the standard plate from the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down to obtain a value as an interference value.
Then, steps S1 to S4 are performed, and the output voltage in step S4 is the sum of the required voltage and the disturbance value. The upper electrode and the lower electrode selected when the standard component is broken down are the same as those selected when the special-shaped board component is tested, and the connection mode of the special-shaped board component and the tested component is also the same. And calculating the interference value of the glue on the aluminum foil adhesive tape and the conductive adhesive on the test by using a standard component with known breakdown voltage, and discharging the influence of the interference value on the detection result by using a comparison and conversion mode to ensure that the detection result is more accurate.
Example 3: a method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate comprises the following steps:
step S1: and mounting a lower electrode and an upper electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against the back-to-back surface of the special-shaped plate. The lower electrode is made of flexible conductive foil, the conductive foil is thin metal foil, and the metal foil is adhered to the surface of the special-shaped plate by using conductive adhesive, so that the surface of one end of the special-shaped plate of the lower electrode is completely covered.
The upper electrode is abutted against the surface of the special-shaped plate far away from the lower electrode, the upper electrode is preferably a circular conductive foil, the upper electrode can also be a cylindrical conductor or a spherical conductor, and the diameter of the upper electrode is smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate.
The metal foil is preferably an aluminum foil or a copper foil. In order to facilitate the adhesion of the conductive foil to the special-shaped plate, the conductive foil can also be an aluminum foil adhesive tape, and the aluminum foil adhesive tape can be directly adhered to the surface of the special-shaped plate when the upper electrode or the lower electrode is installed.
Step S2: and when voltage is switched on, the lower electrode is electrically connected with the grounding end of the high-voltage generator through a lead, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator through a lead. The conductive foil and the lead wire can be fixedly connected by soldering.
Step S3: and outputting the voltage, starting the high-voltage generator, applying the voltage to the two end faces of the special-shaped plate by the high-voltage generator through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and increasing the output voltage at a constant speed until the output voltage reaches the required voltage or the special-shaped plate is broken down.
Step S4: and observing that the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate is unqualified when the special-shaped plate is broken down in the process of increasing the output voltage to the required voltage. And (5) discarding the deformed plate with unqualified insulation strength, and if the deformed plate is not punctured, performing the step S5.
Step S5: and moving the upper electrode, tearing off the upper electrode, applying the upper electrode at a position where the upper electrode does not interfere with the upper electrode, and repeating the steps S4 to S5 until the specially-shaped plate is broken down or the surface of the specially-shaped plate is detected completely.
When the special-shaped plate is broken down, the position of the special-shaped plate broken down by voltage can be known, so that the weak point of the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate can be found, and the improvement in production is facilitated.
Example 4: a method for detecting the breakdown voltage of a special-shaped plate is different from the embodiment 3 in that the method comprises the following steps of S3: and voltage output, namely applying voltage to two end faces of the special-shaped plate by a high-voltage generator through an upper electrode and a lower electrode, wherein the time of outputting the voltage every time is more than 10S. If the special-shaped plate is not broken under the output voltage, the upper electrode is torn off, then the upper electrode is attached to a position where the upper electrode does not collide with the special-shaped plate before the test is continued at the voltage. And repeating the steps until the special-shaped plate is broken down or the surface of the special-shaped plate is detected completely. When the surfaces of the special-shaped plates are all detected and are not broken down under the current-stage output voltage, the first-stage output voltage is increased, and then the step S3 is repeated until the special-shaped plates are broken down by the output voltage. The initial voltage of the initial test is 40% of the estimated breakdown voltage of the special-shaped plate, and the output voltage is increased by 10% when the output voltage is increased by one step.
Step S4: and observing, recording the output voltage when the special-shaped plate is broken down, wherein the output voltage is the breakdown voltage of the special-shaped plate.
Example 5: a method for detecting a breakdown voltage of a special-shaped plate is different from the method in the embodiment 4 in that in the step S4, when the special-shaped plate is broken through by the output voltage, the output voltage when the special-shaped plate is broken through and the broken through position of the special-shaped plate are recorded, then the thickness of the broken through position of the special-shaped plate is detected, and the dielectric strength of the special-shaped plate is calculated by dividing the breakdown voltage by the thickness of the broken through position of the special-shaped plate.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the insulation strength of a special-shaped plate comprises the following steps: step S1: installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against the back-to-back surface of the special-shaped plate; step S2: voltage is connected, the lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator; step S3: voltage output, starting a high-voltage generator to enable the high-voltage generator to input voltage to the upper electrode, and raising the output voltage at a constant speed until the output voltage reaches the required voltage or the special-shaped plate is broken down; step S4: observing that the special-shaped plate is unqualified if the special-shaped plate is punctured and qualified if the special-shaped plate is not punctured; the special-shaped plate is characterized in that the lower electrode is a flexible conductive foil and is attached to one end surface of the special-shaped plate.
2. The method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper electrode is also a conductive foil and is attached to the surface of one end, far away from the lower electrode, of the special-shaped plate.
3. The method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper electrode is a circular conductive foil, the diameter of the upper electrode is smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate, and if the special-shaped plate in the step S4 is qualified, the step S5 is continued, and the step S5 is: moving the upper electrode, moving the position of the upper electrode to move the upper electrode to a position where the upper electrode does not collide with the upper electrode, and repeating the steps S4 to S5.
4. The method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the conductive foil is a metal foil, and the metal foil is adhered to the surface of the special-shaped plate through conductive adhesive.
5. The method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the conductive foil is an aluminum foil adhesive tape.
6. The method for detecting the insulation strength of the special-shaped plate part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before step S1, the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively abutted against two opposite ends of a standard plate, the breakdown voltage of which is known, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively connected to the voltage output end and the ground end of the high voltage generator; starting the high-voltage generator, and then increasing the output voltage of the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator at a constant speed until the standard plate is broken down by the output voltage; recording the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down, and then calculating an interference value, wherein the interference value is the difference value between the output voltage of the standard plate when the standard plate is broken down and the breakdown voltage of the standard plate; the output voltage in step S4 is the sum of the required voltage and the interference value.
7. A method for detecting the breakdown voltage of a special-shaped plate comprises the following steps: step S1: installing an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and respectively abutting the upper electrode and the lower electrode against one end surface of the special-shaped plate; step S2: voltage is connected, the lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the high-voltage generator; step S3: outputting voltage, starting a high-voltage generator, and uniformly increasing the output voltage until the special-shaped plate is broken down; step S4: observing and recording the output voltage when the special-shaped plate is broken down; the special-shaped plate is characterized in that the lower electrode is a metal foil and is attached to one end surface of the special-shaped plate.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step S3, the output voltage is gradually increased, the output time of each output voltage is longer than 10S, the first-stage output voltage is increased when the profiled plate still has not been broken through under the current-stage output voltage, and then step S3 is repeated.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the upper electrode is a circular metal foil, the diameter of the upper electrode is smaller than the side length of the special-shaped plate, when the special-shaped plate is not broken down under the current-stage output voltage in step S3, the position of the upper electrode is moved firstly, the upper electrode is moved to the position where the upper electrode is not collided before, then the current-stage output voltage is continuously used for testing, the steps are repeated until the special-shaped plate is broken down or the surface of the special-shaped plate is detected completely, finally, the first-stage output voltage is increased, and step S3 is repeated.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step S5, when the shaped plate is broken through by the output voltage, the thickness of the broken position of the shaped plate is detected, and the dielectric strength of the shaped plate is calculated by dividing the breakdown voltage by the thickness of the broken position of the shaped plate.
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Address after: 308 Zhongxing Road, Fengqiao town, Nanhu District, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, 314007 Patentee after: Zhejiang Rongtai Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 314007 Yonghong village, Fengqiao town, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: GLORY MICA Co.,Ltd. |