CN111103106A - Bridge online deflection monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Bridge online deflection monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111103106A CN111103106A CN201910703023.1A CN201910703023A CN111103106A CN 111103106 A CN111103106 A CN 111103106A CN 201910703023 A CN201910703023 A CN 201910703023A CN 111103106 A CN111103106 A CN 111103106A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
The invention discloses an online bridge deflection monitoring system, which comprises: the deflection measuring module is used for calculating a deflection value; the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module is used for extracting a deflection value from the bridge natural vibration signal through an algorithm, comparing and judging the deflection value with a deflection threshold value preset by a comparator, and sending a judging result to a client; and the data transmission module is used for transmitting deflection value data of the deflection measurement module to the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module. A monitoring method for the monitoring system is also disclosed. The invention uses a non-contact monitoring system to increase the real-time warning function. Therefore, the problem of low operation difficulty and high precision caused by a contact type monitoring method is effectively solved, the deflection of the high-speed rail bridge can be monitored, and the monitoring accuracy is improved. Meanwhile, the semiconductor near-infrared laser is used as a transmission medium, the deflection change of the railway bridge is reflected from the geometric image through the displacement of the target reflection light spot, and the deflection change of the railway bridge can be obtained only through simple operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway bridge safety assessment, in particular to a railway bridge deflection online monitoring system and method based on a semiconductor near-infrared laser imaging technology.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, railways play an extremely important role in social life. The railway bridge is an important component of a railway network, has an important position in national economic life, and whether the railway bridge can be safely operated or not is directly related to the life and property safety of the nation and people. The deflection is one of key parameters of safety assessment of the railway bridge, great influence is brought to the health of the railway bridge, the measurement of the deflection is essential in bridge parameter monitoring, and the safety risk of the railway bridge can be assessed by monitoring the change of the deflection.
At present, the prior art for monitoring the bridge deflection mainly comprises optical fiber grating sensor measurement, total station automatic scanning measurement, displacement sensor measurement and acceleration sensor measurement, wherein the optical fiber grating sensor measurement, the displacement sensor measurement and the acceleration sensor measurement all adopt contact measurement methods, and have certain defects such as the optical fiber grating sensor measurement needs to be arranged on the whole bridge, the installation and construction period is long, and the subsequent maintenance difficulty is large. The displacement sensor measurement must be in contact with the measuring point, which presents a problem of difficulty in operation in actual measurement. The acceleration sensor measurement has poor effect on low-frequency static measurement, and multiple times of measurement are needed to obtain the deflection. The automatic scanning measurement of the total station is to carry out continuous reading scanning on each measuring point of a bridge for multiple days, and has the defects that each measuring point cannot be synchronized and the timeliness is poor.
Chinese patent (publication No. CN103424175A, published japanese patent No. 2013.12.04) discloses a technology for monitoring a bridge by monitoring the amplitude of the bridge based on laser, which uses a conventional photoelectric imaging method to calculate the amplitude of the bridge by collecting and comparing optical signals before and after a target fixed on the bridge is irradiated by laser and converting the optical signals into electrical signals through a modem. The main disadvantage of this technique is that modem and complex calculation are required to solve the bridge amplitude, the calculation is too complex, and the system manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs are too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high difficulty in actual contact monitoring operation, inaccurate measurement and poor timeliness of full-scan monitoring in the conventional measurement device, such as measurement of an optical fiber grating sensor, automatic scanning measurement of a total station and measurement of a displacement sensor.
The invention discloses an online deflection monitoring system for a railroad bridge, which comprises:
the deflection measuring module is used for calculating a deflection value;
the system is used for extracting a deflection value from the bridge natural vibration signal through an algorithm, comparing and judging the deflection value with a deflection threshold value preset by a comparator, and sending a judgment result to a client;
the data transmission module is used for transmitting the deflection value data obtained by the deflection measurement module to the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module;
wherein the deflection measuring module comprises a controller, a CCD area array detector, a target fixed on the bridge, a semiconductor near infrared laser light source, laser emitting and shaping optics and laser receiving optics, the controller is connected with the laser emitting and shaping optics 4 and the semiconductor near infrared laser light source, the CCD area array detector 7 is connected with the laser receiving optics and the controller 6, the laser emitting and shaping optics 4 and the laser receiving optics 8 are arranged face to face with a target 9, the controller 6 controls the connected semiconductor near-infrared laser source 5 to emit near-infrared laser, the laser emitting and shaping optics 4 is used for shaping the emitted near-infrared laser into a circular beam and then emitting the circular beam onto the target 9 to form a circular spot, the CCD area array detector 7 is used for receiving laser beams reflected by a target 9 through a laser receiving optical system 8 to acquire a light spot image, and the controller 6 is used for calculating the intensity gravity center according to the light spot image collected by the CCD area array detector 7.
Further, target 9 rigid fixation is on the bridge, target 9 includes base plate 1, reflection stratum 2 and light absorption layer 3, reflection stratum 2 hugs closely on base plate 1, light absorption layer 3 hugs closely on reflection stratum 2, light absorption layer 3 has the through-hole.
Further, the light absorbing layer 3 is black alumina,
further, the reflective layer 2 is a reflective film for near infrared spectrum.
Further, the near infrared semiconductor laser beam emitted by the semiconductor near infrared laser source 5 covers all the through holes of the light absorption layer 3
Furthermore, the number of the through holes is more than or equal to 2.
Further, the spacing between adjacent through holes is equal.
Furthermore, the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source, the laser emission shaping optics and the target and the laser receiving optics are in optical connection.
Further, the controller is electrically connected with the CCD area array detector 7.
The invention also provides a monitoring method for the monitoring system, wherein a controller controls a connected semiconductor near-infrared laser light source to emit near-infrared laser, laser emission shaping optics shapes the emitted near-infrared laser into a circular beam and then emits the circular beam onto a target to form a circular light spot, the CCD area array detector receives the laser beam reflected by the target through laser receiving optics to acquire a light spot image, the controller calculates the intensity gravity center according to the light spot image acquired by the CCD area array detector, and the image gray scale of the light spot on the CCD area array detector is set as f (x, y), wherein x is 1, …, m; y is 1, …, n;
thresholding it to:
where T denotes the CCD minimum detectable signal threshold, the intensity centroid is actually the first moment of the spot image after the threshold is calculated, and its coordinates can be expressed as:
if one of the light spots is positioned at S0(X0, Y0) of a CCD area array XOY coordinate system (the center of the CCD is coincident with the origin of the XOY coordinate system), the railway bridge moves to S1(X1, Y1) due to the action of pressure stress, the deflection value at the target can be calculated, the obtained deflection value is transmitted to a data analysis processing and threshold value judging module through a data transmission module to be analyzed and operated, the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module judges whether the bridge deflection value exceeds an alarm limit according to a preset deflection threshold value, and the processing result is directly sent to a client.
The invention has the beneficial effect that the non-contact monitoring system is used, and the real-time alarm function is added. Therefore, the problem of low operation difficulty and high precision caused by a contact type monitoring method is effectively solved, the deflection of the high-speed rail bridge can be monitored, and the monitoring accuracy is improved. Meanwhile, the semiconductor near-infrared laser is used as a transmission medium, the deflection change of the railway bridge is reflected from the geometric image through the displacement of the target reflection light spot, and the deflection change of the railway bridge can be obtained only through simple operation.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection measuring module of the online deflection monitoring system for railroad bridges and bridges of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow structure of the online deflection monitoring system for railroad bridges and bridges of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of laser spot displacement calculation according to the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: the system comprises a substrate 1, a reflecting layer 2, a light absorbing layer 3, an optical emission shaping optical system 4, a semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, a controller 6, a CCD area array detector 7, a laser receiving optical system 8, a target 9, a disturbance degree measuring module 10, a data module transmission module 11, a data analysis processing and threshold value distinguishing module 12 and a client 13.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Before the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the present invention in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict.
Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only examples of a part of the present invention, and not all examples. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With respect to terms and units in the present invention. The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. As shown in figure 1, the online deflection monitoring system for the railroad bridge is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the invention discloses an online deflection monitoring system for a railroad bridge, which comprises:
a deflection measuring module 10 for calculating a deflection value;
the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module 12 is used for extracting a deflection value from the bridge natural vibration signal through an algorithm, comparing and judging the deflection value with a deflection threshold value preset by a comparator, and sending a judging result to a client;
the data transmission module 11 is used for transmitting the deflection value data of the deflection measurement module 10 to the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module 12;
the deflection measuring module 10 comprises a controller 6, a CCD area array detector 7, a target 9 fixed on a bridge, a semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, a laser emitting and shaping optical 4 and a laser receiving optical 8, wherein the controller 6 is connected with the laser emitting and shaping optical 4 and the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, the CCD area array detector 7 is connected with the laser receiving optical 9 and the controller 6, the laser emitting and shaping optical 4 and the laser receiving optical 8 are installed face to face with the target 9, the controller 6 controls the connected semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5 to emit near-infrared laser, the laser emitting and shaping optical 4 is used for shaping the emitted near-infrared laser into a circular beam and then emitting the circular beam onto the target 9 to form a circular light spot, the CCD area array detector 7 is used for receiving the laser beam reflected by the target 9 through the laser receiving optical 8 to collect a light spot image, and the controller 6 is used for calculating the intensity gravity center according to the light spot image collected by the CCD area array detector 7.
The light absorbing layer 3 is black alumina.
The reflective layer 2 is a reflective film for near infrared spectrum.
The near-infrared semiconductor laser beam emitted by the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5 covers all the through holes of the light absorption layer 3.
The number of the through holes is more than or equal to 2.
The spacing between adjacent through holes is equal.
The semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, the laser emission shaping optics 4, the target 9 and the laser receiving optics 8 are in optical connection.
The controller 6 is electrically connected with the CCD area array detector 7.
The controller 6 controls a connected semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5 to emit near-infrared laser, the laser emission shaping optics 4 shapes the emitted near-infrared laser into a circular beam and emits the circular beam onto a target 9 to form a circular light spot, the CCD area array detector 7 receives the laser beam reflected by the target 9 through the laser receiving optics 8 to collect a light spot image, the controller 6 calculates the intensity gravity center according to the light spot image collected by the CCD area array detector 7, and the image gray scale of the light spot on the CCD area array detector 7 is set as f (x, y), wherein x is 1, …, m; y is 1, …, n.
Thresholding it to:
where T denotes the CCD minimum detectable signal threshold, the intensity centroid is actually the first moment of the spot image after the threshold is calculated, and its coordinates can be expressed as:
if one of the light spots is located at S0X0 and Y0 where the center of the CCD area array XOY coordinate system CCD is coincident with the origin of the XOY coordinate system CCD, the railway bridge moves to S1X1 and Y1 due to the action of pressure stress, the deflection value of the target 10 can be calculated, the acquired deflection value is transmitted to the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module 12 through the data transmission module 11 for analysis processing and operation, the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module 12 judges whether the bridge deflection value exceeds the alarm limit according to the preset deflection threshold value and directly sends the processing result to the client.
The invention will be further explained below with reference to the application of the invention in on-line deflection monitoring of railroad bridges.
Example 1
The deflection safety range of a certain bridge is N, a railway branch vehicle passes through the bridge floor, the deflection measuring module 10 monitors that the deflection value is N1 when the vehicle passes through, the deflection data is transmitted to data analysis processing and threshold value judgment processing, if the deflection data is judged to be N1 > N, the client 13 displays an alarm signal, and meanwhile, the data storage module stores the event.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the deflection measuring module 10 includes a controller 6, a CCD area array detector 7, a target 9 fixed on a bridge, a semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, a laser emitting and shaping optical element 4 and a laser receiving optical element 8, the controller 6 is connected to the laser emitting and shaping optical element 4 and the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5, the CCD area array detector 7 is connected to the laser receiving optical element 9 and the controller 6, the laser emitting and shaping optical element 4 and the laser receiving optical element 8 are installed face to face with the target 9, the controller 6 controls the connected semiconductor near-infrared laser light source 5 to emit near-infrared laser, the laser emitting and shaping optical element 4 is used to shape the emitted near-infrared laser into a circular beam and then emit the circular beam onto the target 9 to form a circular spot, the CCD area array detector 7 is used to receive the laser beam reflected by the target 9 through the laser receiving optical element 8 and collect a spot image, and the controller 6 is used for calculating the intensity gravity center according to the light spot image collected by the CCD area array detector 7.
The optical axis of the laser emission shaping optical system 4 is parallel to the optical axis of the laser receiving optical system 8. The laser emission shaping optics 4 and the laser receiving optics 8 are installed face to face with the target 9, the controller 6 controls the semiconductor near-infrared laser source 5 connected with the laser emission shaping optics to emit near-infrared laser light, the near-infrared laser light is shaped into a circular beam by the laser emission shaping optics 4 and then emitted onto the target 9, the reflected laser beam is received by the laser receiving optics 8 and imaged on a CCD area array to form two concentric circular light spots with equal diameters, and the gray level of the image of the light spots on the CCD is represented as f (x, y), wherein x is 1, …, m; y is 1, …, n.
Thresholding it to:
where T denotes the CCD minimum detectable signal threshold, the intensity centroid is actually the first moment of the spot image after the threshold is calculated, and its coordinates can be expressed as:
if one of the light spots is located in S0(X0, Y0) of the XOY coordinate system of the CCD area array (the center of the CCD coincides with the origin of the XOY coordinate system), the railroad bridge moves to S1(X1, Y1) due to the action of the pressure stress, as shown in fig. 3, the deflection value at the target 9 can be calculated:
R＝((X1-X0)2+(Y1-Y0)2)1/2
as shown in fig. 3, a schematic connection diagram of an online deflection monitoring system for a railroad bridge is shown, a deflection measuring module 10 is used for monitoring a deflection value of the railroad bridge, deflection data is transmitted to a data analyzing and processing and threshold judging module 12 through a data transmission module 11 for analyzing, processing and calculating, the data analyzing and processing and threshold judging module 12 judges whether the deflection value of the bridge exceeds an alarm limit according to a preset deflection threshold, and a processing result is directly sent to a client 13 (including a railway branch office monitoring center, a mobile phone user, a computer and printing) for display. The data transmission module 11 is a wireless data transmission/4G/5G network.
Example 2
The deflection safety range of a certain bridge is N, a certain railway vehicle passes through the bridge floor, the deflection measuring module 10 monitors that the deflection value of the vehicle is N2 when the vehicle passes through the bridge floor, the deflection data is transmitted to data analysis processing and threshold value judgment processing, and if the deflection value is judged to be N & gt N2, the deflection of the bridge is not abnormal. And the analysis processing result is sent to a client 13 (comprising a railway substation monitoring center, a mobile phone user, a computer and a printer) for display.
The contents of the present invention have been explained above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the above description without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Bridge online amount of deflection monitoring system, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a deflection measuring module (10) for calculating a deflection value;
the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module (12) is used for extracting a deflection value from the bridge natural vibration signal through an algorithm, comparing and judging the deflection value with a deflection threshold value preset by a comparator, and sending a judging result to a client;
the data transmission module (11) is used for transmitting the deflection value data obtained by the deflection measurement module (10) to the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module (12);
the deflection measuring module (10) comprises a controller (6), a CCD area array detector (7), a target (9) fixed on a bridge, a semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5), laser emission shaping optics (4) and laser receiving optics (8), wherein the controller (6) is connected with the laser emission shaping optics (4) and the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5), the CCD area array detector (7) is connected with the laser receiving optics (9) and the controller (6), the laser emission shaping optics (4) and the laser receiving optics (8) are installed with the target (9) in a face-to-face mode, the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5) controlled and connected by the controller (6) is used for emitting near-infrared laser, the laser emission shaping optics (4) are used for shaping the emitted near-infrared laser into circular beam and then emitting the circular beam onto the target (9) to form circular light spots, the CCD area array detector (7) is used for receiving laser beams reflected by the target (9) through laser receiving optics (8) to acquire light spot images, and the controller (6) is used for calculating the intensity gravity center according to the light spot images acquired by the CCD area array detector (7).
2. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: target (9) rigid fixation is on the bridge, target (9) include base plate (1), reflection stratum (2) and light absorption layer (3), reflection stratum (2) hug closely on base plate (1), light absorption layer (3) hug closely on reflection stratum (2), light absorption layer (3) have the through-hole.
3. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: the light absorption layer (3) is black alumina.
4. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: the reflecting layer (2) is a reflecting film for near infrared spectrum.
5. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: and a near-infrared semiconductor laser beam emitted by the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5) covers all through holes of the light absorption layer (3).
6. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: the number of the through holes is more than or equal to 2.
7. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the spacing between adjacent through holes is equal.
8. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5), the laser emitting and shaping optics (4), the target (9) and the laser receiving optics (8) are in optical connection.
9. The bridge online deflection monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the controller (6) is electrically connected with the CCD area array detector (7).
10. The monitoring method for the monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a controller (6) controls a connected semiconductor near-infrared laser light source (5) to emit near-infrared laser light, a laser emission shaping optical system (4) shapes the emitted near-infrared laser light into a circular beam and emits the circular beam onto a target (9) to form a circular spot, the CCD area array detector (7) receives the laser beam reflected by the target (9) through a laser receiving optical system (8) to acquire a spot image, the controller (6) calculates the intensity center of gravity according to the spot image acquired by the CCD area array detector (7), and the gray scale of the image of the spot on the CCD area array detector (7) is represented as f (x, y), wherein x is 1, …, m; y is 1, …, n;
thresholding it to:
where T denotes the CCD minimum detectable signal threshold, the intensity centroid is actually the first moment of the spot image after the threshold is calculated, and its coordinates can be expressed as:
if one of the light spots is located at S0(X0, Y0) of the XOY coordinate system of the CCD area array, the center of the CCD is coincident with the origin of the XOY coordinate system, the railway bridge moves to S1(X1, Y1) due to the action of pressure stress, the deflection value of the target 10 can be calculated, the obtained deflection value is transmitted to a data analysis processing and threshold value judging module (12) through a data transmission module (11) for analysis processing and operation, and the data analysis processing and threshold value judging module (12) judges whether the bridge deflection value exceeds an alarm limit according to a preset deflection threshold value and directly sends the processing result to a client.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111458091A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-28 | 湖北交投智能检测股份有限公司 | Bridge span monitoring system and method based on illumination intensity |
| CN112325790A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-02-05 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | Laser spot detection method in laser deflection measurement |
| CN112577461A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2021-03-30 | 广州大学 | Large-span beam bridge state prediction method and system based on deflection separation |
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2019
- 2019-07-31 CN CN201910703023.1A patent/CN111103106A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111458091A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-28 | 湖北交投智能检测股份有限公司 | Bridge span monitoring system and method based on illumination intensity |
| CN112577461A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2021-03-30 | 广州大学 | Large-span beam bridge state prediction method and system based on deflection separation |
| CN112577461B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-04-19 | 广州大学 | Large-span beam bridge state prediction method and system based on deflection separation |
| CN112325790A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-02-05 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | Laser spot detection method in laser deflection measurement |
| CN112325790B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | Laser spot detection method in laser deflection measurement |
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