CN111101729A - Floor slab reinforcing method - Google Patents
Floor slab reinforcing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101729A CN111101729A CN201911408821.8A CN201911408821A CN111101729A CN 111101729 A CN111101729 A CN 111101729A CN 201911408821 A CN201911408821 A CN 201911408821A CN 111101729 A CN111101729 A CN 111101729A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G23/0237—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of storey floors
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Abstract
The invention is a floor slab reinforcement method, in the field of civil engineering, carry on the reinforcement scheme of choice according to the destruction degree of the concrete building floor slab, to the destruction degree of the floor slab, the position where the crack locates, the position where the concrete drops, choose to set up two or more steel plates on the floor slab or wall on both sides of the destruction department of the floor slab correspondingly, there are bolts and bolts for fixing wire rope on each steel plate to fix oneself, use the multiple wire ropes to connect the fixed wire rope on two corresponding steel plates with the bolt, and guarantee the arbitrary fixed wire rope on each steel plate uses the bolt to interconnect with multiple or all fixed wire ropes on the other steel plate with the bolt; need not a large amount of trompils, consolidate the floor through wire rope and bear the pulling force, material utilization is high, and the dead weight is little simultaneously, can resist die-cut destruction, does not need the outside to exert powerful messenger's floor and resumes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a floor slab reinforcing method, in particular to a floor slab reinforcing method suitable for repairing a damaged building.
Background
With the development of society, economic strength is steadily improved, and more buildings are pulled out. The construction of these buildings is very expensive and requires a lot of manpower and resources, but unfortunately, many buildings are damaged by disasters, fires or exceeding a predetermined pressure stress during the use process, so that the floor slab cracks, the concrete peels off bare steel bars, the strength is reduced, and the like. The existing floor slab reinforcing method covers a new layer of concrete, but the reinforcing effect is not obvious. Or the steel plate, the carbon fiber cloth and the prestressed carbon plate are adhered, and the reinforcing modes have a plurality of defects, such as the steel plate adhesion, the self weight of the floor slab is greatly increased, the price of the steel plate is averagely 5000/t, the steel plate is not an excellent choice for reinforcing the large-area floor slab, the average price of the carbon fiber cloth is 50/m ^2, the shearing resistance of the carbon fiber cloth is extremely weak, the carbon fiber cloth is easy to tear open, the price of the prestressed carbon fiber plate is more expensive, the set of the lowest price is 2000, and for reinforcing most buildings, the reinforcing method is not necessary, and the reinforcing method has a criterion that the original value of the building cannot be exceeded. Current reinforcement mode all can prevent very hardly that the floor from receiving die-cut destruction, for example after the conflagration, the floor destroys seriously, and a big concrete is die-cut destruction very easily during the load again, is the frustum of a pyramid shape and drops. Meanwhile, for example, the floor slab can be bent after being damaged by fire, but the prior method can only apply strong force to restore the floor slab to be straight, cannot restore the floor slab naturally and can influence the use of the lower-layer building. We have then proposed a new floor reinforcement method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly provides a floor slab reinforcing method which is simple in scheme, strong in pertinence, good in reinforcing effect and low in construction cost.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the floor slab reinforcing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a reinforcing scheme according to the damage degree of a specific building floor slab, and aiming at the damage degree of the floor slab, the position of a crack and the position of a concrete falling position, correspondingly arranging two or more steel plates on the floor slab or the wall at two sides of the damage position of the floor slab, wherein each steel plate is provided with a bolt for fixing the steel wire rope and a bolt for fixing the steel wire rope, connecting the bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes on the two corresponding steel plates by using a plurality of steel wire ropes, and ensuring that any bolt for fixing the steel wire rope on each steel plate is mutually connected with a plurality of or all bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes on the rest steel plates;
the steel wire rope for connecting the fixing bolt or the steel plate is formed by winding two strands of steel wires by adopting a twist braided rope, and the specific winding method comprises the following steps: setting two steel wires as steel wire a and steel wire b, fixing the steel wire a and steel wire b on the bolt of a steel plate, tensioning the steel wire a with left hand, tensioning the steel wire b with right hand, crossing the steel wire a from the steel wire b and placing it on the right hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the lower part of the steel wire a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the upper part of a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire a from the lower part of the steel wire b to the right hand, repeating the above-mentioned process, tensioning the steel wire a and steel wire b, winding all the steel wire ropes by the above-mentioned method, connecting the two ends of the steel wire ropes to the bolts corresponding to the two ends of the crack, respectively, and tightly pulling, so as to transfer the shear stress and tensile stress on the floor slabs on both sides of the damaged part to the steel wire ropes, reinforcing the floor slabs with the damaged part, setting a tightening device on each steel wire rope to adjust the degree of tension, and finally constructing a concrete protective layer on the upper surface of the floor slabs and the steel, and a concrete protective layer is not required to be constructed by using a template for isolation at the position where the screwing device is installed.
When the number of the penetrating holes is small, two rows of axisymmetric bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes are constructed on normal floor slabs at two sides of the concentrated position of the floor slab cracks, and the steel wire ropes are arranged between the two rows of axisymmetric bolts for fixing; when the number of through cracks is large, two steel plates which are arranged in parallel are fixed on normal floors on two sides of the concentrated positions of the cracks of the floors through drilling bolts, and steel wire rope fixing bolts are arranged on the steel plates and are connected with each other through steel wire rope connection for reinforcement; the distance between the bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes and the crack concentrated position of the floor slab is 30cm, the spacing distance between every two rows of bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes is 20cm, and the distance between the first bolt for fixing the steel wire ropes and the last bolt for fixing the steel wire ropes is 10cm longer than the total length of the crack concentrated position.
If the floor is damaged by fire, the floor bulges upwards or downwards, whether the wall around the damaged floor is seriously damaged but not too many holes are drilled and bent is judged, whether the wall around the damaged floor is seriously damaged or not is judged, if the wall around the damaged floor is not seriously damaged, whether the wall around the damaged floor can bear tensile force is detected, if the wall can bear the load tensile force of the floor, the floor is reinforced by utilizing the wall around the position where cracks appear and the cracks are concentrated, the position where the cracks are concentrated is taken as a central axis, a steel piece with an L-shaped section is respectively fixed at the connecting positions of the wall on two sides of the central axis and the floor, the length of the L-shaped steel piece is consistent with the width of the floor, when the length of the floor is larger, a plurality of concentrated cracks appear, and simultaneously, a steel plate which is bent into a U shape is arranged between two concentrated cracks of the floor in parallel to or in the same direction with the L-shaped steel piece in order to avoid, the length of the middle of the steel plate is equal to the width of the floor slab, the front section and the rear section of the steel plate are bent by 90 degrees and are respectively connected with the front wall and the rear wall, the U-shaped steel plate and the L-shaped steel piece closest to the U-shaped steel plate are used as a group of reinforcing devices for concentrating cracks, parallel or homodromous steel plates a are arranged between the U-shaped steel plate and the concentrating cracks of the reinforcing devices, parallel or homodromous steel plates b are arranged between the L-shaped steel piece and the concentrating cracks of the reinforcing devices, steel wire ropes are used for connecting steel wire rope bolts on the U-shaped steel plate with steel wire rope bolts on the steel plates b, and the steel wire rope bolts on the L-shaped steel piece are.
Judge the floor wall all around whether suffer serious damage, if the floor wall has suffered to destroy the condition that the floor of the unable tensile force that supports the steel wire and bring but adjacent room does not suffer the damage all around, consolidate the floor that has damaged with the help of adjacent floor:
fixing steel plates by using bolts at the positions of 10-20 cm away from the walls of adjacent rooms on the floor slabs of the adjacent rooms, wherein the steel plates are arranged parallel to the walls, the length of the steel plates is two thirds of the width of the floor slabs, the front ends and the rear ends of the steel plates are equidistant from the front and the rear edges of the floor slabs, steel wire rope bolts are arranged on the steel plates, a drill hole penetrating through the whole wall is drilled at the position of the vertical projection of the wall by the steel wire rope bolts, steel pipes with equal diameters are arranged in the drill hole, the gap between the steel pipes and the walls is filled with concrete, holes are formed in the front wall and the rear wall at the middle position of the floor slabs and penetrate through the steel plates, the steel plates are fixed on the front and the rear adjacent partition floor slabs on the parallel surfaces of the floor slabs by using bolts, the marking steel plates fixed on the two floor slabs are steel plates a, the front, and any steel wire rope bolt on the steel plate a is respectively connected with all steel wire rope bolts on the steel plate d by using a steel wire rope, any steel wire rope bolt on the steel plate b is respectively connected with all steel wire rope bolts on the steel plate c by using a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope between the steel plate a and the steel plate d passes through the steel pipe.
When the designed bearing capacity of the floor slab is judged to be insufficient to support actual needs, taking the intersection point of the diagonal lines of the floor slab as a central point, taking the two diagonal lines and four lines which cross the midpoint and are perpendicular to the length and the width of the floor slab as axes, selecting a point in an interval which is 1m away from the central point and 0.5m away from the edge of the floor slab on each axis, rotating the selected point by 180 degrees around the center of the floor slab to obtain a corresponding point, and taking the corresponding point and the selected point as a group of steel wire rope connection points; two steel plates which are arranged in parallel are respectively arranged on two sides of the selection point and two sides of the corresponding point, the two steel plates are perpendicularly inserted into the floor slab, holes are formed in the steel plates, the steel wire ropes are formed by winding two steel wires, the steel wires at two ends of the steel wire ropes extend out of two sides through T-shaped pipes and are respectively connected to the holes in the steel plates for knotting and welding, and multiple groups of steel plates and steel wire ropes can be arranged by taking the floor slab as a.
And for the place with concrete falling off on the back, drilling shallow holes around the falling off place, fixing a layer of steel wire mesh by utilizing the shallow holes, and filling concrete in the steel wire mesh.
Has the advantages that:
the steel wire rope reinforcing floor slab does not need a large number of holes, the floor slab is reinforced through the steel wire rope to bear the tensile force, the carbon fiber cloth is not needed to be pasted for reinforcement, the shearing resistance is strong, the tensile force can still be provided for the floor slab when the floor slab is damaged by the punching force, the steel wire rope deforms to generate the tensile force when the floor slab reinforcing steel wire rope is used, and the effect of reinforcing; the method has little improvement effect on floor bending and occupied space, and does not influence the normal use of the lower-layer space;
in conclusion, compared with the prior floor reinforcing steel bar, the reinforcing material selected by the invention has similar properties, so that the material utilization rate is high, and the self weight is small. The invention reinforces the tension on two sides of the crack, not only effectively prevents the crack from further expanding, but also can resist the punching damage. And the invention can induce and help the crooked floor to resume straight, and does not need to exert the strong force to make the floor resume outside.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention of reinforcing a continuous slab by the method of self-reinforcement of a floor slab;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention for reinforcing a bi-directional slab by a floor slab self-reinforcing method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention for reinforcing a continuous slab by a wall-reinforced floor slab;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the method of reinforcing a slab with a wall according to the present invention; .
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention reinforcing a continuous slab with adjacent floor slabs;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention reinforcing a bi-directional panel with adjacent floor slabs;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention reinforcing a bi-directional plate with steel sheets;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the reinforcement of the concrete drop on the back of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a backside reinforcement bend of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the present invention in the view of fixing a steel plate to a wall;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a hole in a wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the steel plate, T-shaped steel pipe and steel wire connection according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-bolt, 2-steel wire rope, 3-crack, 4-steel pipe, 5-T-shaped steel pipe, 6-floor, 7-wall, 8-adjacent floor, 9-steel plate, 10-concrete falling part and 11-steel wire mesh.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, according to the floor 6 reinforcing method of the present invention, a reinforcing scheme is selected according to the damage degree of the floor 6 of a specific building, and for the damage degree of the floor 6, the position of a crack 3, and the position of a concrete falling part 10, two or more steel plates 9 are correspondingly arranged on the floor 6 or a wall 7 at two sides of the damage part of the floor 6, each steel plate 9 is provided with a bolt 1 for fixing the steel wire rope 2 and a bolt 1 for fixing the steel wire rope 2, a plurality of steel wire ropes 2 are used for connecting the bolts 1 for fixing the steel wire ropes 2 on two corresponding steel plates 9, and it is ensured that any fixed steel wire rope 2 on each steel plate 9 is connected with a plurality of or all fixed steel wire ropes 2 on the other steel plates 9 by the bolts 1;
the steel wire rope 2 for connecting the fixing bolt 1 or the steel plate 9 is formed by winding two strands of steel wires by adopting a twist braided rope, and the specific winding method comprises the following steps: setting two steel wires as a steel wire a and a steel wire b respectively, fixing the ends of the steel wires a and b in the same direction on a bolt 1 of a steel plate 9, tensioning the steel wire a with a left hand, tensioning the steel wire b with a right hand, crossing the steel wire a from the steel wire b and placing the steel wire a on the right hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the lower part of the steel wire a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the upper part of the steel wire a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire a from the lower part of the steel wire b to the right hand, repeating the process of the above-mentioned steps, tensioning the steel wires a and b, winding all the steel wire ropes 2 in the above-mentioned manner, connecting and tensioning the two ends of the steel wire ropes 2 to the bolts 1 corresponding to the two ends of the crack 3 respectively, thereby transferring the cutting stress and the tensile stress of the floor slabs 6 on the two sides of the damaged part to the steel wire ropes 2, finally reinforcing the floor slabs 6 with the damaged part, setting, and finally, constructing a concrete protective layer on the upper surface of the floor slab 6 and the steel wire rope 2 and wrapping the steel wire rope 2, and isolating the steel wire rope 2 by using a template at the position where the screw tightening device is installed without constructing the concrete protective layer.
As shown in fig. 3, when there are no large number of cracks 3 penetrating through the floor slab 6 in the floor slab 6, and large pieces of concrete are not cracked due to opening, it is determined that the floor slab 6 is not seriously damaged, the cracks of the floor slab 6 are concentrated into concrete cracks, when the number of the penetrating cracks is small, two rows of axisymmetric fixed steel wire ropes 2 are constructed on normal floor slabs 6 on both sides of the concentrated part of the cracks 3 of the floor slab 6 and fixed by bolts 1, and the steel wire ropes 2 are arranged between the two rows of axisymmetric bolts 1; when the number of the through cracks 3 is large, two steel plates 9 arranged in parallel are fixed on the normal floor slabs 6 on two sides of the concentrated positions of the cracks 3 of the floor slabs 6 through drilling bolts 1, and fixed steel wire ropes 2 are arranged on the steel plates 9 and are reinforced by connecting the two steel plates 9 through the bolts 1 and the steel wire ropes 2; the distance between the bolts 1 for the fixed steel wire ropes 2 and the concentrated part of the crack 3 of the floor slab 6 is 30cm, the interval distance between the bolts 1 for the fixed steel wire ropes 2 in each row is 20cm, and the distance between the first bolt 1 for the fixed steel wire rope 2 and the last bolt 1 for the fixed steel wire rope 2 is 10cm longer than the total length of the concentrated part of the crack 3.
As shown in fig. 4, if the floor 6 is damaged by fire and the floor 6 bulges upwards or downwards, it is determined that the floor 6 is damaged too much and is not bent, it is determined whether the surrounding walls 7 of the damaged floor 6 are damaged seriously, if the surrounding walls 7 of the damaged floor 6 are not damaged seriously, it is determined whether the surrounding walls 7 can bear the tensile force, if the floor 6 can bear the tensile force of the load, the floor 6 is reinforced by using the surrounding walls 7 where the cracks 3 appear and the cracks 3 are concentrated on the floor 6, a steel piece with an L-shaped cross section is fixed at the connection between the walls 7 and the floor 6 on both sides of the central axis, the length of the L-shaped steel piece is consistent with the width of the floor 6, when the floor 6 has a large length, a plurality of concentrated cracks 3 appear, and at the same time, in order to avoid the steel wire length being too long, a U-shaped steel plate 9 is arranged between two concentrated cracks 3 of a floor slab 6 in parallel or in the same direction as the L-shaped steel piece, the middle length of the steel plate 9 is equal to the width of the floor slab 6, the front section and the rear section of the steel plate 9 are bent by 90 degrees and are respectively connected with front walls and rear walls 7, the U-shaped steel plate 9 and the L-shaped steel piece closest to the U-shaped steel plate are used as a group of concentrated crack 3 reinforcing devices, a parallel or the same-direction steel plate 9a is arranged between the U-shaped steel plate 9 and the concentrated cracks 3 of the reinforcing devices, a parallel or the same-direction steel plate 9b is arranged between the L-shaped steel piece of the reinforcing devices and the concentrated cracks 3, the steel wire rope 2 bolt 1 on the U-shaped steel plate 9 is connected with the steel wire rope 2 bolt 1 on the steel plate 9b by using a steel wire rope 2, and the steel wire rope 2 bolt 1 on the L-shaped steel piece is connected.
fixing steel plates 9 by using bolts 1 at positions, which are between 710 and 20cm away from the wall of an adjacent room, of a floor slab 6 of the adjacent room, wherein the steel plates 9 are arranged in parallel with the wall 7, the length of each steel plate is two thirds of the width of the floor slab 6, the front end and the rear end of each steel plate 9 are equidistant from the front edge and the rear edge of the floor slab 6, installing steel wire rope 2 bolts 1 on the steel plates 9, drilling holes penetrating through the whole wall 7 at the positions, which are vertically projected by the steel wire rope 2 bolts 1, of the wall 7, arranging steel pipes 4 with equal diameters in the drilled holes, filling gaps between the steel pipes 4 and the wall 7 by using concrete, drilling holes in the front wall 7 and the rear wall 7 at the middle position of the floor slab 6 to penetrate through the steel plates 9, fixing the steel plates 9 on the front and rear adjacent partition floor slabs 6 on the parallel surfaces of the floor slabs 6 by using the bolts 1, marking the steel plates 9a fixed on, the steel plates 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d are provided with the wire rope 2 bolts 1, any wire rope 2 bolt 1 on the steel plate 9a is connected to all wire rope 2 bolts 1 on the steel plate 9d by the wire rope 2, any wire rope 2 bolt 1 on the steel plate 9b is connected to all wire rope 2 bolts 1 on the steel plate 9c by the wire rope 2, and the wire rope 2 between the steel plate 9a and the steel plate 9d passes through the steel pipe 4.
When the designed bearing capacity of the floor slab 6 is judged to be insufficient to support actual needs, taking the intersection point of the diagonal lines of the floor slab 6 as a central point, taking the two diagonal lines and four lines which cross the middle point and are perpendicular to the length and the width of the floor slab 6 as axes, selecting a point in an interval which is 1m away from the central point and 0.5m away from the edge of the slab on each axis, rotating the selected point by 180 degrees around the center of the floor slab 6 to obtain a corresponding point, and taking the corresponding point and the selected point as a group of steel wire rope 2 connection points; two steel sheets 9 of parallel arrangement are respectively arranged on two sides of the selection point and the corresponding point, the two steel sheets 9 are vertically inserted into the floor slab 6, holes are formed in the steel sheets 9, the steel wire ropes 2 are formed by winding two steel wires, the steel wires at two ends of the steel wire ropes 2 extend out of two sides through T-shaped pipes and are respectively connected to the holes in the steel sheets 9 for knotting and welding, and a plurality of groups of steel sheets 9 and steel wire ropes 2 can be arranged by taking the floor slab 6 as the circle center according.
And for the place with the concrete on the back surface falling off, shallow holes are drilled around the falling off place, a layer of steel wire mesh 11 is fixed by utilizing the shallow holes, and the concrete is filled in the steel wire mesh 11.
In fig. 3, the floor 6 is a continuous plate, 7 is a wall, an L-shaped steel plate is fixed on the left wall and the right wall respectively, holes are formed in two ends and a middle position of one side of the L-shaped steel plate and in the corresponding wall position, the steel plate is fixed on the wall through bolts, a fixing bolt is formed in the other side of the L-shaped steel plate through holes, the steel plate in the middle is fixed on the front wall and the rear wall, the fixing bolt is arranged on the upper surface of the steel plate, and the left split of the floor is used for reinforcing. Two fixed steel sheets in both sides about the crack punch at steel sheet both ends and the 6 positions of floor that correspond, fix the steel sheet on floor 6 with the bolt, if fixed stable inadequately, can punch in the middle and increase a fixing bolt, bolt welded fastening in other positions trompil fourth of the twelve earthly branches of steel sheet. The bolt on the steel plate on the left side of the crack is connected with the middle steel plate through the steel wire rope 2, and the bolt on the steel plate on the right side of the crack is connected with the plug on the steel plate on the wall on the left side.
FIG. 4 is a wall reinforcing bidirectional plate, and because cracks are distributed specially, the invention selects to fix steel plates on the walls around respectively, and a reinforcing diagram is given for the upper left corner and the middle cracks. And steel plates are fixed on the floor slabs 6 on two sides of the crack at the upper left corner, a bolt on the steel plate at the left side of the crack is connected with a bolt on the steel plate on the wall in front, and a steel wire rope 2 for the bolt on the steel plate at the right side of the crack is connected with the bolt of the steel plate on the wall at the left side. The bolts on the steel plate above the middle cracks are connected with the steel plate on the wall below the middle cracks, and the steel plate below the cracks is connected with the wall above the middle cracks.
In fig. 5 and 6, the floor 6 and the adjacent floor 8 are rectangular steel pipes 4, and the steel pipes are flush with the positions of the bolts on the steel plates on the floor 8 and penetrate through the wall. Punching holes at the corresponding positions of two ends and the middle position of the steel plate of the adjacent floor slab 6, fixing the steel plate and the floor slab 6 together, and fixing bolts at other positions of the steel plate. The connection modes of the steel wire ropes 2 are respectively consistent with those in the figures 3 and 4, namely the steel plates on the adjacent floor slabs 6 are consistent with the connection objects of the steel wire ropes 2 on the wall.
Fig. 7 shows a two-way slab, with cracks at the four corners and the middle, 9 steel slabs inserted in concrete, the large steel slabs at the diagonal and the corresponding two sides connected by a group of 2 ropes of steel cables, six groups of 2 ropes of steel cables intersecting the center of the floor slab 6 as far as possible. The T-shaped steel pipe 5 is used for assisting the rope steering of the steel wire rope 2, and the I-shaped line in the floor 6 is the steel wire rope 2.
In fig. 8, 10 is a concrete falling part, and 11 is a round wire rope 2 rope net welded on the wire rope 2 rope for supporting the filled concrete.
In fig. 9, adjacent floors 6 are shown at 8, and steel plates are fixed on the floors for welding bolts, or two walls can be selected as steel plate fixing positions. The steel plate at the middle position is fixed on the straight line where the fixed point of the bending camber line is located. The bolts on the middle steel plate are connected with the bolts on the two steel plates. The wall is perforated with a steel cable 2, which is threaded in the same manner as in fig. 5 and 6.
Fig. 10 steel plate is a steel plate which is bent to 90 ° in the center, and is generally fixed on the wall by bolts, and the other half of the fixing bolts are used for fixing the connected 2 ropes of the steel wire rope.
Fig. 11 shows that when the floor slab 6 is reinforced by the adjacent floor slabs 6, the wall is perforated by the steel wire rope 2, two thirds of the wall is taken as a perforated area, one sixth of the wall is perforated at a distance from each of two sides, holes are formed at four halves of the two points, and steel pipes are inserted into the holes.
Fig. 12 is a steel plate 2 rope processing diagram for converting floor 6 load into concrete extrusion method through steel plate. The two steel wire ropes 2 respectively penetrate through the steel plate to be welded with the steel plate, and the two steel wire ropes 2 penetrate through the T-shaped steel pipe 5 to change directions and then are wound together.
Claims (6)
1. A floor slab reinforcing method is characterized in that: selecting a reinforcing scheme according to the damage degree of a specific building floor slab, and aiming at the damage degree of the floor slab, the position of a crack and the position of a concrete falling position, correspondingly arranging two or more steel plates on the floor slab or the wall at two sides of the damage position of the floor slab, wherein each steel plate is provided with a bolt for fixing the steel wire rope and a bolt for fixing the steel wire rope, connecting the bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes on the two corresponding steel plates by using a plurality of steel wire ropes, and ensuring that any bolt for fixing the steel wire rope on each steel plate is mutually connected with a plurality of or all bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes on the rest steel plates;
the steel wire rope for connecting the fixing bolt or the steel plate is formed by winding two strands of steel wires by adopting a twist braided rope, and the specific winding method comprises the following steps: setting two steel wires as steel wire a and steel wire b, fixing the steel wire a and steel wire b on the bolt of a steel plate, tensioning the steel wire a with left hand, tensioning the steel wire b with right hand, crossing the steel wire a from the steel wire b and placing it on the right hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the lower part of the steel wire a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire b from the upper part of a to the left hand, exchanging the steel wire a from the lower part of the steel wire b to the right hand, repeating the above-mentioned process, tensioning the steel wire a and steel wire b, winding all the steel wire ropes by the above-mentioned method, connecting the two ends of the steel wire ropes to the bolts corresponding to the two ends of the crack, respectively, and tightly pulling, so as to transfer the shear stress and tensile stress on the floor slabs on both sides of the damaged part to the steel wire ropes, reinforcing the floor slabs with the damaged part, setting a tightening device on each steel wire rope to adjust the degree of tension, and finally constructing a concrete protective layer on the upper surface of the floor slabs and the steel, and a concrete protective layer is not required to be constructed by using a template for isolation at the position where the screwing device is installed.
2. A floor slab reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein: when the number of the penetrating holes is small, two rows of axisymmetric bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes are constructed on normal floor slabs at two sides of the concentrated position of the floor slab cracks, and the steel wire ropes are arranged between the two rows of axisymmetric bolts for fixing; when the number of through cracks is large, two steel plates which are arranged in parallel are fixed on normal floors on two sides of the concentrated positions of the cracks of the floors through drilling bolts, and steel wire rope fixing bolts are arranged on the steel plates and are connected with each other through steel wire rope connection for reinforcement; the distance between the bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes and the crack concentrated position of the floor slab is 30cm, the spacing distance between every two rows of bolts for fixing the steel wire ropes is 20cm, and the distance between the first bolt for fixing the steel wire ropes and the last bolt for fixing the steel wire ropes is 10cm longer than the total length of the crack concentrated position.
3. A floor slab reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein: if the floor is damaged by fire, the floor bulges upwards or downwards, whether the wall around the damaged floor is seriously damaged but not too many holes are drilled and bent is judged, whether the wall around the damaged floor is seriously damaged or not is judged, if the wall around the damaged floor is not seriously damaged, whether the wall around the damaged floor can bear tensile force is detected, if the wall can bear the load tensile force of the floor, the floor is reinforced by utilizing the wall around the position where cracks appear and the cracks are concentrated, the position where the cracks are concentrated is taken as a central axis, a steel piece with an L-shaped section is respectively fixed at the connecting positions of the wall on two sides of the central axis and the floor, the length of the L-shaped steel piece is consistent with the width of the floor, when the length of the floor is larger, a plurality of concentrated cracks appear, and simultaneously, a steel plate which is bent into a U shape is arranged between two concentrated cracks of the floor in parallel to or in the same direction with the L-shaped steel piece in order to avoid, the length of the middle of the steel plate is equal to the width of the floor slab, the front section and the rear section of the steel plate are bent by 90 degrees and are respectively connected with the front wall and the rear wall, the U-shaped steel plate and the L-shaped steel piece closest to the U-shaped steel plate are used as a group of reinforcing devices for concentrating cracks, parallel or homodromous steel plates a are arranged between the U-shaped steel plate and the concentrating cracks of the reinforcing devices, parallel or homodromous steel plates b are arranged between the L-shaped steel piece and the concentrating cracks of the reinforcing devices, steel wire ropes are used for connecting steel wire rope bolts on the U-shaped steel plate with steel wire rope bolts on the steel plates b, and the steel wire rope bolts on the L-shaped steel piece are.
4. A floor slab reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein: judge the floor wall all around whether suffer serious damage, if the floor wall has suffered to destroy the condition that the floor of the unable tensile force that supports the steel wire and bring but adjacent room does not suffer the damage all around, consolidate the floor that has damaged with the help of adjacent floor:
fixing steel plates by using bolts at the positions of 10-20 cm away from the walls of adjacent rooms on the floor slabs of the adjacent rooms, wherein the steel plates are arranged parallel to the walls, the length of the steel plates is two thirds of the width of the floor slabs, the front ends and the rear ends of the steel plates are equidistant from the front and the rear edges of the floor slabs, steel wire rope bolts are arranged on the steel plates, a drill hole penetrating through the whole wall is drilled at the position of the vertical projection of the wall by the steel wire rope bolts, steel pipes with equal diameters are arranged in the drill hole, the gap between the steel pipes and the walls is filled with concrete, holes are formed in the front wall and the rear wall at the middle position of the floor slabs and penetrate through the steel plates, the steel plates are fixed on the front and the rear adjacent partition floor slabs on the parallel surfaces of the floor slabs by using bolts, the marking steel plates fixed on the two floor slabs are steel plates a, the front, and any steel wire rope bolt on the steel plate a is respectively connected with all steel wire rope bolts on the steel plate d by using a steel wire rope, any steel wire rope bolt on the steel plate b is respectively connected with all steel wire rope bolts on the steel plate c by using a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope between the steel plate a and the steel plate d passes through the steel pipe.
5. A floor slab reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein: when the designed bearing capacity of the floor slab is judged to be insufficient to support actual needs, taking the intersection point of the diagonal lines of the floor slab as a central point, taking the two diagonal lines and four lines which cross the midpoint and are perpendicular to the length and the width of the floor slab as axes, selecting a point in an interval which is 1m away from the central point and 0.5m away from the edge of the floor slab on each axis, rotating the selected point by 180 degrees around the center of the floor slab to obtain a corresponding point, and taking the corresponding point and the selected point as a group of steel wire rope connection points; two steel plates which are arranged in parallel are respectively arranged on two sides of the selection point and two sides of the corresponding point, the two steel plates are perpendicularly inserted into the floor slab, holes are formed in the steel plates, the steel wire ropes are formed by winding two steel wires, the steel wires at two ends of the steel wire ropes extend out of two sides through T-shaped pipes and are respectively connected to the holes in the steel plates for knotting and welding, and multiple groups of steel plates and steel wire ropes can be arranged by taking the floor slab as a.
6. A floor slab reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein: and for the place with concrete falling off on the back, drilling shallow holes around the falling off place, fixing a layer of steel wire mesh by utilizing the shallow holes, and filling concrete in the steel wire mesh.
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| CN113187262A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 广东中申建筑工程有限公司 | Building construction crack reinforcing apparatus |
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