CN111098758A - Equalization method, circuit and storage medium based on SOH - Google Patents
Equalization method, circuit and storage medium based on SOH Download PDFInfo
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- CN111098758A CN111098758A CN202010000778.8A CN202010000778A CN111098758A CN 111098758 A CN111098758 A CN 111098758A CN 202010000778 A CN202010000778 A CN 202010000778A CN 111098758 A CN111098758 A CN 111098758A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a balancing method, a system and a storage medium based on SOH, belonging to the technical field of balancing of batteries. The equalization method comprises the following steps: judging whether the first standing time is greater than or equal to a first time length; collecting a first monomer voltage under the condition that the first standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length; calculating a first SOC value according to the first cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve; charging to a preset electric quantity; judging whether the second standing time is greater than or equal to the second time length; collecting a second monomer voltage under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length; calculating a second SOC value according to the second cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve; calculating the total capacity of the single batteries; calculating the current available capacity of the single battery; calculating the difference between the maximum and minimum current available capacities in the battery pack; judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a threshold value; and discharging the single battery with the maximum current available capacity under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery equalization, in particular to an equalization method and circuit based on SOH and a storage medium.
Background
The large-capacity lithium battery pack is more and more widely applied to new energy automobiles and energy storage systems. Due to the difference between the production, manufacturing and use environments of the lithium battery cells, along with the increase of the use time, the inconsistency among the lithium battery cells increases, and the effective capacity of the battery is affected, so that the lithium battery cells need to be balanced by a balancing circuit, and the difference among the capacities of the lithium batteries is improved.
The currently adopted balancing schemes are various and comprise resistance energy consumption type passive balancing, power supply type active balancing, inter-battery energy transfer type active balancing and the like, the balancing schemes often judge the conditions of balanced opening and closing through the voltage of a single battery, but the mode has certain defects. In the actual operation process of the battery pack, due to performance difference and different use environments when the battery pack leaves a factory, the attenuation degrees of the battery pack are inconsistent, so that although the SOC level can be judged from the single voltage in the equalization scheme, the real available electric quantity of the battery pack cannot be determined, the wrong battery can be equalized, and the performance exertion of the whole battery pack is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an equalization method based on SOH, a circuit and a storage medium. The equalization method, the equalization circuit and the storage medium can improve the consistency of the battery pack after equalization operation is executed.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an equalization method based on SOH, including:
judging whether the first standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length or not;
under the condition that the first standing time of the battery pack is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length, collecting first monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a first SOC value of each single battery according to the first single voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve;
charging a preset electric quantity into each single battery;
judging whether the second standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset second time length;
under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length, acquiring a second monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a second SOC value of each of the unit batteries according to the second cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve;
calculating the total capacity of the single battery according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity;
calculating the current available capacity of the single battery according to the total capacity and the second SOC value;
calculating the capacity difference between the single battery with the maximum current available capacity and the single battery with the minimum current available capacity in the battery pack;
judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a preset threshold value or not;
and under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value, discharging the single battery with the maximum current available capacity until the capacity difference is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.
Optionally, the equalizing method comprises performing the equalizing method every predetermined time period.
Optionally, calculating the total capacity of the single battery according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value, and the preset electric quantity specifically includes:
the total capacity of each of the unit cells is calculated according to formula (1) respectively,
wherein, C0For the total capacity, Δ C is the preset electric quantity, SOC1Is the first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
Optionally, the calculating the current available capacity of the single battery according to the total capacity and the second SOC value specifically includes:
calculating the current available capacity according to equation (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For said currently available capacity, C0To the total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides an equalization circuit based on SOH, including:
the energy releasing elements correspond to the single batteries of the battery pack one by one;
each equalizing switch corresponds to the single battery one by one, wherein one end of each single battery is connected with one end of the energy releasing element through the equalizing switch, and the other end of each single battery is connected with the other end of the energy releasing element;
a controller to:
judging whether the first standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length or not;
under the condition that the first standing time of the battery pack is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length, collecting first monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a first SOC value of each single battery according to the first single voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve;
charging a preset electric quantity into each single battery;
judging whether the second standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset second time length;
under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length, acquiring a second monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a second SOC value of each of the unit batteries according to the second cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve;
calculating the total capacity of the single battery according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity;
calculating the current available capacity of the single battery according to the total capacity and the second SOC value;
calculating the capacity difference between the single battery with the maximum current available capacity and the single battery with the minimum current available capacity in the battery pack;
judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a preset threshold value or not;
and under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value, controlling to close the balance switch corresponding to the single battery with the maximum current available capacity so as to discharge until the capacity difference is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to determine, every predetermined time period, whether the first rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to calculate a total capacity of each of the unit cells according to equation (1),
wherein, C0For the total capacity, Δ C is the preset electric quantity, SOC1Is the first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to calculate the current available capacity according to equation (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For said currently available capacity, C0To the total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a storage medium storing instructions for being read by a machine to cause the machine to perform any one of the equalization methods described above.
Through the technical scheme, the equalizing method, the circuit and the storage medium based on the SOH accurately determine the current available capacity of the single batteries of the battery pack by combining the current total capacity of the single batteries, so that the single battery with the maximum current available capacity can be accurately selected when equalizing operation is executed, and the equalizing efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of SOH-based equalization according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SOH-based equalization circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, top, and bottom" is generally used with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or the positional relationship of the components with respect to each other in the vertical, or gravitational direction.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a SOH-based equalization method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 1, the equalization method:
in step S10, it is determined whether the first rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length. In this embodiment, the first rest time may be, for example, 1 hour, 2 hours, or the like. Wherein the first time period may be, for example, 1 hour, 2 hours, etc.
In step S10, in a case where it is determined that the first rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the first time length, a first cell voltage of each of the cells of the battery pack is collected.
In step S11, a first SOC value of each unit cell is calculated from the first unit cell voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve. The OCV-SOC curve may be a correspondence relationship between an open circuit voltage and an SOC (State Of charge) Of the battery cell.
In step S12, a preset amount of power is charged into each unit cell.
In step S13, it is determined whether the second rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset second time length. Wherein the second length of time may be, for example, 1 hour, 2 hours, etc.
In step S14, in the case where it is determined that the second rest time is greater than or equal to the second time length, a second cell voltage of each of the cells of the battery pack is collected.
In step S15, a second SOC value of each unit cell is calculated from the second unit cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve.
In step S16, the total capacity of the unit batteries is calculated according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity. Wherein a specific way of calculating the total capacity may be to calculate the total capacity of each unit cell separately according to equation (1),
wherein, C0For total capacity,. DELTA.C is a predetermined amount of electricity, SOC1Is a first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In step S17, the current available capacity of the unit cells is calculated from the total capacity and the second SOC value. Wherein the current available capacity is calculated, for example, according to formula (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For the currently available capacity, C0As total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In step S18, the capacity difference between the cell of the battery pack having the largest currently available capacity and the cell of the battery pack having the smallest currently available capacity is calculated.
In step S19, it is determined whether the capacity difference is greater than a preset threshold.
In step S20, in the case where it is determined that the capacity difference is greater than the threshold value, the unit cells whose currently available capacity is the largest are discharged until the capacity difference is less than or equal to the threshold value.
In addition, since the current capacity of different single batteries may be different during the operation of the battery pack, so that the battery pack needs to perform the balancing operation again, in one embodiment of the present invention, the balancing method may be performed every predetermined time period.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides an equalization circuit based on SOH, as shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the equalizing circuit includes a plurality of discharging elements R1 to Rn, a plurality of equalizing switches K1 to Kn, and a controller (MCU). Wherein, each discharging element Ri (i-th discharging element) may correspond to the unit cells Bi of the battery B one to one. Each discharging element Ri corresponds to a unit cell Bi (i-th unit cell) of the battery pack one by one.
Each equalizing switch Ki (i-th equalizing switch) corresponds to a single battery Bi one to one. Wherein, one end of the single battery Bi is connected with one end of the energy releasing element Ri through the equalizing switch Ki. The other end of the single battery Bi is connected with the other end of the energy releasing element Ri.
The controller may be configured to determine whether the first rest time of the battery B is greater than or equal to a preset first time period; under the condition that the first standing time of the battery pack B is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length, collecting a first monomer voltage of each monomer battery Bi of the battery pack B; calculating a first SOC value of each single battery according to the first single voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve; charging preset electric quantity into each single battery; judging whether the second standing time of the battery pack B is greater than or equal to a preset second time length; under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length, acquiring a second monomer voltage of each monomer battery Bi of the battery pack B; calculating a second SOC value of each single battery Bi according to the second single voltage and the OCV-SOC curve; calculating the total capacity of the single battery Bi according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity; calculating the current available capacity of the single battery Bi according to the total capacity and the second SOC value; calculating the capacity difference between the single battery Bi with the maximum current available capacity and the single battery Bi with the minimum current available capacity in the battery pack B; judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a preset threshold value or not; and under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value, controlling to close the equalization switch Ki corresponding to the single battery Bi with the maximum current available capacity so as to discharge until the capacity difference is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.
In addition, since the current capacity of different single batteries may be different during the operation of the battery pack, so that the battery pack needs to perform the balancing operation again, in an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may perform the balancing operation every other predetermined time period, that is, judge whether the first rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the preset first time length every other predetermined time period.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in calculating the total capacity of each unit cell Bi, the controller may further calculate the total capacity according to formula (1),
wherein, C0For total capacity,. DELTA.C is a predetermined amount of electricity, SOC1Is a first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when calculating the currently available capacity, the controller may further calculate the currently available capacity according to equation (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For the currently available capacity, C0As total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a storage medium that may store instructions that are readable by a machine to cause the machine to perform any of the equalization methods described above.
Through the technical scheme, the equalizing method, the circuit and the storage medium based on the SOH accurately determine the current available capacity of the single batteries of the battery pack by combining the current total capacity of the single batteries, so that the single battery with the maximum current available capacity can be accurately selected when equalizing operation is executed, and the equalizing efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described separately for the various possible combinations.
Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a (may be a single chip, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In addition, various different embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined with each other, and the embodiments of the present invention should be considered as disclosed in the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention as long as the embodiments do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An equalization method based on SOH, the equalization method comprising:
judging whether the first standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length or not;
under the condition that the first standing time of the battery pack is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length, collecting first monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a first SOC value of each single battery according to the first single voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve;
charging a preset electric quantity into each single battery;
judging whether the second standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset second time length;
under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length, acquiring a second monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a second SOC value of each of the unit batteries according to the second cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve;
calculating the total capacity of the single battery according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity;
calculating the current available capacity of the single battery according to the total capacity and the second SOC value;
calculating the capacity difference between the single battery with the maximum current available capacity and the single battery with the minimum current available capacity in the battery pack;
judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a preset threshold value or not;
and under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value, discharging the single battery with the maximum current available capacity until the capacity difference is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.
2. Equalizing method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises performing the equalizing method every predetermined period of time.
3. The balancing method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the total capacity of the single batteries according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity specifically comprises:
the total capacity of each of the unit cells is calculated according to formula (1) respectively,
wherein, C0For the total capacity, Δ C is the preset electric quantity, SOC1Is the first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
4. The balancing method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the current available capacity of the battery cells according to the total capacity and the second SOC value specifically comprises:
calculating the current available capacity according to equation (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For said currently available capacity, C0To the total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
5. An SOH-based equalization circuit, comprising:
the energy releasing elements correspond to the single batteries of the battery pack one by one;
each equalizing switch corresponds to the single battery one by one, wherein one end of each single battery is connected with one end of the energy releasing element through the equalizing switch, and the other end of each single battery is connected with the other end of the energy releasing element;
a controller to:
judging whether the first standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time length or not;
under the condition that the first standing time of the battery pack is judged to be greater than or equal to the first time length, collecting first monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a first SOC value of each single battery according to the first single voltage and a preset OCV-SOC curve;
charging a preset electric quantity into each single battery;
judging whether the second standing time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset second time length;
under the condition that the second standing time is judged to be greater than or equal to the second time length, acquiring a second monomer voltage of each monomer battery of the battery pack;
calculating a second SOC value of each of the unit batteries according to the second cell voltage and the OCV-SOC curve;
calculating the total capacity of the single battery according to the first SOC value, the second SOC value and the preset electric quantity;
calculating the current available capacity of the single battery according to the total capacity and the second SOC value;
calculating the capacity difference between the single battery with the maximum current available capacity and the single battery with the minimum current available capacity in the battery pack;
judging whether the capacity difference is larger than a preset threshold value or not;
and under the condition that the capacity difference is judged to be larger than the threshold value, controlling to close the balance switch corresponding to the single battery with the maximum current available capacity so as to discharge until the capacity difference is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.
6. The equalizing circuit of claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to determine whether the first rest time of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a preset first time duration every predetermined time period.
7. The equalizing circuit of claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to calculate a total capacity of each of the individual cells according to equation (1),
wherein，C0For the total capacity, Δ C is the preset electric quantity, SOC1Is the first SOC value, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
8. The equalization circuit of claim 5 wherein the controller is further configured to calculate the current available capacity according to equation (2),
C1＝C0SOC2， (2)
wherein, C1For said currently available capacity, C0To the total capacity, SOC2Is the second SOC value.
9. A storage medium storing instructions for reading by a machine to cause the machine to perform a method of equalising according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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