CN111087226A - Argil brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Argil brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111087226A CN111087226A CN202010107230.3A CN202010107230A CN111087226A CN 111087226 A CN111087226 A CN 111087226A CN 202010107230 A CN202010107230 A CN 202010107230A CN 111087226 A CN111087226 A CN 111087226A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/61—Mechanical properties, e.g. fracture toughness, hardness, Young's modulus or strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of production of wall materials, and particularly relates to a pottery clay brick and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the argil bricks consist of tailings and auxiliary substances; wherein the auxiliary substance is any one of clay, shale and fly ash; the mass percentage of the tailings is 70-90%, and the mass percentage of the auxiliary substances is 10-30%; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated again by separation equipment, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262 to 76% of Al2O315 to 17% of Fe2O32-5% of CaO, 0.5-2% of MgO, and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 12-18, and the heat value is 1.8-2.1 MJ/kg. The clay brick is sintered by full internal heat, so that the energy is saved, the performance of the clay brick meets or even exceeds the national standard, and the recycling of the coal slime tailings and the fly ash is realized. The preparation method of the argil brick is simple in process, and time cost is greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of production of wall materials, and particularly relates to a pottery clay brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The raw coal input amount is about 24 hundred million tons every year in China, and the total coal slime amount generated is 2-3 hundred million tons. Because the coal slime is composed of kaolin, argillaceous shale, clay, coal and other minerals, and is subjected to multiple times of flotation, soaking, stirring and filter pressing, the coal and the slime are mutually adsorbed and completely argillized and are difficult to utilize. At present, part of coal slime is used for power generation of a power plant, and part of coal slime is recycled by repeatedly adopting the existing equipment and process, so that part of coal is recycled by all methods, but the heat value of tailings is still 7-8 MJ/kg. The tailings are used for power generation in a power plant, and the calorific value is too low to be directly utilized; if the baked bricks are prepared by a brick factory, a large amount of heat value exceeds the brick making requirement by many times, and the baked bricks are sintered at 1150 ℃, the shrinkage rate is large, so that the stockpiling height is deformed during sintering, the brick body collapses, and the pottery clay bricks meeting the national standard performance cannot be obtained. If the additive is used for preparing the argil brick, the dosage of the additive is limited, the content of the additive does not exceed 30 percent, and a large amount of coal slime still exists and cannot be utilized.
The pottery clay brick is mainly used for urban squares, municipal works, garden streets, high-grade buildings and the like, and the traditional pottery clay brick firing usually adopts high-quality clay or even purple clay pottery clay, which needs the exploitation of pottery clay resources and can cause the damages to cultivated land, farmland and vegetation, moreover, the pottery clay resources are gradually exhausted, and the sintering of the pottery clay bricks is correspondingly restricted by the resources. Therefore, the development and utilization of the coal slime tailings for sintering the argil brick can open up a new way for preparing the argil brick.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the argil brick which takes tailings as a main raw material and auxiliary substances as auxiliary materials, effectively realizes the effective utilization of wastes, and simultaneously reduces the energy waste. The tailings and the auxiliary substances are matched, so that high-quality argil bricks can be sintered in full internal heat, energy is saved, the performance of the argil bricks meets or even exceeds the national standard, the coal slime tailings are recycled, the argil resource is reduced, and the argil resource is saved. Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pottery clay brick, the raw materials of the pottery clay brick are composed of tailings and auxiliary substances; the auxiliary material is one of clay, shale powder and fly ash, the mass percent of the tailings is 70-90%, and the mass percent of the auxiliary material is 10-30%; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated by separation equipment, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262 to 76% of Al2O315 to 17% of Fe2O32-5% of CaO, 0.5-2% of MgO, and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 12-18, the heat value is 1.8-2.5 MJ/kg, and the loss on ignition is 3-10%.
Further, the tailings comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2266% of Al2O316% of Fe2O35 percent of CaO, 1 percent of MgO, and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 16, and the heat value is 2.0 MJ/kg.
Further, the mass percent of the tailings is 80-90%, and the mass percent of the auxiliary substances is 10-20%.
Further, the water content of the tailings is 22-25%.
Further, the separation equipment is a separation column which comprises a main separation column 100 and at least two secondary separation columns 101 and 102 sequentially communicated with the main separation column 100, wherein the main separation column 100 and the secondary separation columns 101 and 102 respectively comprise an ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 arranged at the middle upper position in the main separation column, a high-speed dispersion machine device 2 arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 through a pipeline, a foam trapping device 4 arranged at the top of the main separation column, an atomizing and spraying device 5 arranged on the foam trapping device 4, a plurality of microbubble generators 10 arranged around the outer wall of the lower part of the main separation column, a conveying air pipe 9 arranged around the outside of the main separation column and communicated with the microbubble generators 10 through a pipeline, and a tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the bottom of the tailing overflow discharge pipe; the high-speed dispersion machine 2 comprises a motor 22 arranged outside the high-speed dispersion machine and a dispersion rotor 23 connected with the motor 22 and arranged inside the high-speed dispersion machine; the tailings overflow discharge pipe 11 and the pipeline of the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 are provided with regulating valves 111; the gas conveying pipe 9 is sequentially connected with the gas storage tank 8 and the air compressor 81 through pipelines; a pressure stabilizing valve and an air flow regulating valve are arranged on the air storage tank 8; the main separation column 100 further comprises an ore pulp reaction box 1 and a feeding port 103 which are arranged outside the main separation column and are sequentially communicated with the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 through pipelines; a material conveying pump 3 is arranged on a pipeline in front of the ore pulp multi-point distributor 7; the medicine adding port 61 and the medicine supplementing port 62 are both communicated with the medicine box 6 through pipelines; the ore pulp reaction box 1 comprises a stirring rotating plate 112 and a dropping plate 113 which are arranged inside the ore pulp reaction box 1; a chemical feeding port 61 is arranged on a pipeline between the ore pulp reaction box 1 and the feeding port 103; the tailings overflow discharge pipe 11 of the main separation column 100 is communicated with the high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 101 which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, the tailings overflow discharge pipe 11 of the secondary separation column 101 is communicated with the high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 102 which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, and the tailings overflow discharge pipe 11 and the high-speed disperser device 2 are provided with a chemical supplementing opening 62; a discharge outlet 105 is arranged on the tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the last secondary separation cylinder 102 which is connected in sequence; the foam catching devices 4 of the main sorting cylinder (100) and the secondary sorting cylinders 101, 102 which are communicated in sequence are communicated through a pipeline and a discharge hole 104 is arranged on the pipeline.
Further, the preparation method of the argil brick adopts full internal heat sintering and comprises the following steps:
step 1: drying the tailings until the water content is 15-18%;
step 2: sieving the auxiliary substances through a drum sieve to obtain powder with the particle size less than 2 mm;
and step 3: mixing the powder obtained in the step (2) with the tailings obtained in the step (1) in proportion, conveying the mixture to a stirring system, and stirring and rolling the mixture;
and 4, step 4: inputting the solid obtained in the step 3 into a vacuum extruder for extrusion, an automatic strip cutting machine for strip cutting, and a blank cutting machine for block cutting in sequence to obtain a brick blank block;
and 5: preliminarily drying the green brick blocks;
step 6: and putting the green bricks into a tunnel kiln according to the flow, and sequentially drying, preheating and roasting to obtain the clay bricks.
Further, the stirring system in the step 3 is composed of a first stirring system and a second stirring system which are connected in sequence; the stirring speed of the first stirring system is 100-300 r/min, preferably 200-220 r/min; the stirring speed of the second stirring system is 300-600 r/min, preferably 450-480 r/min; the stirring time is from feeding to natural discharging.
Further, the extrusion pressure of the extruder in the step 4 is 3-10MPa, preferably 4.00MPa, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the compression strength of the blank is 205-110 kg/cm.
Further, the preliminary drying in step 5 is preferably natural air drying or drying by using the residual heat of a tunnel kiln.
Further, in the step 6, the roasting temperature is 950-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 40-48 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the argil brick and the preparation method have the following advantages:
the invention relates to a pottery clay brick: (1) the strength is high, the weight is light, the freezing and thawing resistance is realized, the sound is absorbed, the corrosion is prevented, and the air permeability and the water permeability are realized; (2) compared with the traditional sintered brick, the particle size is fine, and the plasticity index is 25-36% higher. The granularity is 0.045mm, the product is not deformed, the molding is good, the brick surface is smooth and clean, the edges and corners are clear, and the appearance is attractive; (3) the performance of the pottery clay brick meets or even exceeds the national standard. (4) The weight of the brick body is reduced by over 31.6 percent.
The preparation method of the argil brick comprises the following steps: (1) the main raw materials are obtained by separation of the separation column, so that the comprehensive utilization industrial chain of the coal slime is prolonged, and wastes are changed into valuables. (2) A raw material library is not required to be built, a chemical library is not required, and the like. Simple process flow, high production capacity, low production cost, energy conservation and environmental protection. (3) The process has the advantages of no crushing and batching process, raw material conveying, civil engineering and the like, reduces the production cost, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. (4) The tailing raw material can be directly fed into a brick making workshop through the seamless butt joint of the coal slime tailings, the raw material loading and unloading and transportation cost is avoided, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. (5) The heat value is stable, and the sintering time is shortened by more than 32%. The sintering is fast, the yield is high, the cost is low, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sorting column according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. ore slurry reaction box 2, high-speed dispersion machine device 3, delivery pump 4, foam trapping device 5, atomization spraying device 6, medicine box 7, ore slurry multipoint distributor 8, air storage tank 9, delivery air pipe 10, microbubble generator 11, tailing overflow discharge pipe 22, motor 23, dispersion rotor 61, medicine feeding port 62, medicine supplementing port 81, air compressor 100, main separation column 101, secondary separation column 102, secondary separation column 103, material feeding port 104, material discharging port 105, material discharging port 111, regulating valve 112, stirring rotor 113 and dropping plate
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, are within the scope of the present invention.
Selecting coal slime separated by the prior art, wherein the coking coal slime has 50-60% of ash and 8-12 MJ/Kg of heat value; the power coal slime ash content is 35-60%, and the heat value of the coal slime is 8-16 MJ/Kg; the water content is 20-30%; and crushing and pulping the coal slime through a coal slime pulping machine to obtain coal slime water. The coal slurry pulping machine can be used for pulping by adopting the coal slurry pulping machine disclosed by the Utility model of the research institute of Thangshan of the middleman chemical industry group (publication number: CN 206334764U). Carrying out coal slime classification on the coal slime water through a 120-mesh screen of a JKS type high-frequency coal slime dehydration sieve, and sorting the obtained coarse coal slime through a TBS interference bed; the obtained fine coal slime pulp with the grain diameter less than 0.125mm is floated by a flotation machine, and the tailings after flotation are input into separation equipment for separation to obtain the raw material tailings used by the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary substance is any one of clay, shale powder and fly ash; when the auxiliary material is clay, the water content of the clay is 2-5%. The clay comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 2240-55% of Al2O318 to 35% of Fe2O32.0-2.5% and the balance of other elements;
when the auxiliary substance is the fly ash, the mass percentages of the chemical components of the fly ash are as follows: SiO 2234 to 65 percent of A12O316-35% of Fe2O31.5-16%, CaO 0.4-16%, and the balance of other elements. The water content of the fly ash is 3-5%, and the heat value is not more than 1.3 MJ/kg;
when the auxiliary material is shale, the water content of the shale is 2-5%. The shale comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 2245-70% of Al2O312 to 25% of Fe2O32.0-10 percent of CaO, 0.2-12 percent of CaO, 0.1-5 percent of MgO, and the balance of other elements.
The sorting device is an inflatable nanobubble sorting column, and referring to fig. 1, a main sorting column 100 is sequentially connected with two secondary sorting columns 101 and 102;
the main separation column 100 and the secondary separation columns 101 and 102 respectively comprise an ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 arranged at the middle-upper position in the main separation column, a high-speed dispersion machine device 2 arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 through a pipeline, a foam collecting device 4 arranged at the top of the main separation column, an atomization spraying device 5 arranged on the foam collecting device 4, a plurality of micro-bubble generators 10 arranged around the outer wall of the lower part of the main separation column, a conveying gas pipe 9 arranged around the outer part of the main separation column and communicated with the micro-bubble generators 10 through a pipeline, and a tailings overflow discharging pipe 11 arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the bottom of the main separation column.
The gas delivery pipe 9 is connected with the gas storage tank 8 and the air compressor 81 in sequence through pipelines.
The pipeline in front of the ore pulp multi-point distributor 7 is provided with a material conveying pump 3 for conveying ore pulp at a high speed, and the conveying pump 3 conveys the ore pulp which is fused, emulsified and mineralized by the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 to the ore pulp multi-point distributor 7, so that the ore pulp spraying material is in an atomization form, the solid, liquid and medicine of the ore pulp are in full contact collision with floating bubbles, and a good separation effect is achieved.
The high-speed dispersion machine device 2 is a barrel body with the diameter of 400mm, and comprises a motor 22 and a dispersion rotor 23 connected with the motor 22 and arranged in the high-speed dispersion machine device; the motor 22 may be a dc motor or an ac motor; a model FSF-80 dispersion machine manufactured by Shanghai Banderrui industry Co., Ltd is adopted, a motor 22 directly drives a dispersion rotor 23 with the diameter of 300mm, and the rotating speed is 1460 r/min. The high-speed dispersion machine device 2 has a certain negative pressure due to the high-speed rotation of the dispersion rotor 23, and the centrifugal force is applied, so that ore pulp or foam concentrate is diffused outwards through the center of the disc surface and is in strong friction collision with the inner wall of the barrel body, and the shearing, dispersion, emulsification and defoaming effects on the foam ore pulp are formed. The dispersed and emulsified ore pulp is beneficial to secondary separation.
The main separation column 100 further comprises a pulp reaction box 1 and a feed inlet 103 arranged outside the main separation column and sequentially communicated with the high-speed disperser device 2 through pipelines. A dosing port 61 is arranged on a pipeline between the ore pulp reaction box 1 and the feeding port 103, the dosing port 61 is communicated with the medicine box 6 through a pipeline and is used for dosing operation, and the ore pulp reaction box 1 comprises a stirring rotating sheet 112 and a falling plate 113 which are arranged inside the ore pulp reaction box 1; under the impact of the ore pulp, the stirring rotating sheet 112 rotates to stir and mix the ore pulp, and then the ore pulp is impacted on the plurality of staggered falling plates 113 and is sequentially stirred and mixed again; so that the ore pulp is subjected to primary reaction, contact and fusion in the reaction box 1.
The tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the main separation column 100 is communicated with the high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 101 which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, the tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the secondary separation column 101 is communicated with the high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 102 which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, and the pipelines for connecting the ore overflow discharge pipe 11 at the tail of the main separation column 100 and the secondary separation column 101 with the high-speed disperser device 2 are provided with the medicine supplementing openings 62; a discharge outlet 105 is arranged on the tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the last secondary separation cylinder 102 which is connected in sequence; and a regulating valve 111 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 and the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 and used for regulating the flow of tailings.
The medicine adding port 61 and the medicine supplementing port 62 are both communicated with the medicine box 6 through pipelines and are used for adding or supplementing medicines.
The froth trapping devices 4 of the primary sorting cylinder 100 and the secondary sorting cylinders 101, 102 communicating in sequence communicate through a conduit and are provided with a discharge opening 104 on said conduit.
The gas conveying pipe 9 is used for communicating the microbubble generator 10; the micro-bubble generator 10 is arranged in a stepped double-layer mode, 16 micro-bubble generators are arranged on the upper layer, 8 micro-bubble generators are arranged on the lower layer, the inflatable nano-bubble generators on each layer are arranged around the column body in an equal ratio, the length is kept constant, bubbles are uniformly dispersed in the column body, the collision and adhesion probability of ore pulp and the bubbles is improved, and the ore dressing efficiency is improved. The microbubble generator 10 is an inflatable nanometer microbubble generator 10 which is manufactured by Shanghai Ding-based pneumatic machinery Limited and has the model number of DJ 101-700-0.25, when the pressure is 6-7 kpa, the diameter of the foamed foam is 0.0025mm, the foam is uniformly inflated and constant in size, the bubbles are slightly broken in ascending flow, and the foam is fully contacted, collided and mineralized with sunken ore pulp, and has good coal and mud analytic dissociation effect on tailings with the fine particle size of less than 0.045mm accounting for 95%.
The microbubble generator 10 directly sprays air into the main separation column 100 and the secondary separation columns 101 and 102 to generate nano bubbles, and nano bubble groups slowly rise from the bottom of the columns; ore pulp is apart from about 1.2m department of top cylinder and is given into ore pulp multiple spot distributor 7 by delivery pump 3, the ore pulp downward flow, the bubble that rises collides at the district contact of collecting with the ore particle that descends countercurrent, accomplish the bubble mineralization, make the coal particle who is glutinous on the bubble come up the foam blanket, the foam blanket thickness sets up 1.2 meters, the mud ash that the desorption bubble carried under the effect of atomizing spray set 5 spray rinsing water, make the bubble that rises accomplish the secondary enrichment, the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 in foam entrapment device 4 is gone into to the concentrate foam overflow of enrichment, high-speed dispersion machine device 2 is sheared the foam, the dispersion, emulsification, the defoaming.
A pressure stabilizing valve and an air flow regulating valve are arranged on the air storage tank 8 and are used for regulating the gas suction amount of the micro-bubble generator 10; an air compressor 81 is used to input the gas into the gas storage tank 8 as a gas source.
The atomization spray device 5 is set in a general manifold form, a straight pipe is respectively arranged vertically and horizontally, a plurality of atomization spray heads are dispersedly arranged on the straight pipe, the atomization spray heads can be compression type spray heads, ultrasonic type spray heads or net type spray heads, and are preferably compression type, so that the stability is high; the traditional spray water device adopts a pipeline dripping or spraying mode, an atomizing nozzle is not installed, the contact surface of the sprayed water and foam is small and is less than 15% of a foam area, and therefore, the ash flushing effect of foam-carried lime is poor; the atomization nozzle is additionally arranged, so that the sprayed water can be atomized and dispersed on the foam, no dead angle exists, the foam area is fully covered by 100%, the problem of serious foam back ash is effectively solved, and the separation effect is improved; the atomized water is full of the foam area, the height of the atomization device is adjusted to avoid impact on the foam, the falling atomized water speed is reduced, and the amount of the atomized water is 60-90 m3The feed amount is about 45-80% of the feed amount, and the washing of the mud ash carried by the foam is facilitated.
The coking coal pulp with the concentration of 70g/L, the ash content of 55% and the heat value of 8-12 MJ/kg is taken as an example.
Step 1: and opening the automatic dosing device of the pesticide box 6, and inputting the collecting agent and the foaming agent into the ore pulp reaction box 1 through the pesticide feeding port 61 in a configuration of 1.2: 1.
Step 2: the ore pulp is conveyed to the ore pulp reaction box 1 through the feeding port 103, the input ore pulp drives the stirring rotating sheet 112 of the ore pulp reaction box 1 to operate, and the ore pulp is fused and dropped through the dropping plate 113.
And step 3: the high-speed dispersion machine device 2 and the delivery pump 3 outside the main separation cylinder 100 are started, the rotating speed of the motor 22 is 1460r/min, the rotating speed of the delivery pump 3 is 1460r/min, and the ore pulp is delivered to the ore pulp multi-point distributor 7 in the main separation cylinder 100 by the delivery pump 3 under the conditions of shearing, dispersion, emulsification and mineralization of the high-speed dispersion rotating sheet 23.
And 4, step 4: when the ore pulp is filled in 60% of the 100 volume of the main separation column body, the air compressor 81 is started, the total gas transmission amount of the gas transmission tank 8 is adjusted, the micro-bubble generator 10 on the upper portion 100 and the lower portion of the main separation column body is started, the pressure is set to be 6-7 kpa, and the diameter of the foaming foam is 0.0025 mm.
And 5: when the foam collecting device 4 of the main separation cylinder 100 overflows foam, the atomization spraying device 5 of the main separation cylinder 100 is started, the foam product is discharged from the discharge hole 104, and coal with ash content below 20% and recovery rate above 35% can be obtained; at the moment, the ash content of the tailings can reach more than 72 percent and the heat value is less than 4.2 MJ/kg.
Step 6: opening a regulating valve 111 of the main sorting cylinder 100, and a high-speed disperser device 2 and a delivery pump 3 outside the secondary sorting cylinder 101, wherein the rotating speed of a motor 22 is 1460r/min, the rotating speed of the delivery pump 3 is 1460r/min, and opening an automatic medicine supplementing device of a medicine box 6; tailings are conveyed to an external high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 101 through a tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the separation column 100, medicines are supplemented through a medicine supplementing opening 62 in front of the secondary separation column 101, and tailings are conveyed to an ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 in the secondary separation column 101 through a conveying pump 3 after ore pulp is sheared, dispersed and emulsified by a high-speed dispersion rotating sheet 23.
And 7: when the tailings fill 60% of the volume of the secondary separation column 101, the micro-bubble generator 10 of the secondary separation column 101 is started, the pressure is set to be 6-7 kpa, and the diameter of the foaming foam is 0.0025 mm.
And 8: when foam overflows from the foam trapping device 4 of the secondary separation cylinder 101, the atomization spraying device 5 of the secondary separation cylinder 101 is started, foam products are discharged from the discharge port 104, and coal with ash content below 20% can be obtained; at the moment, the ash content of the tailings can reach more than 78 percent and the calorific value is less than 2.5 MJ/kg.
And step 9: starting the regulating valve 111 of the secondary sorting cylinder 101, the high-speed disperser device 2 and the delivery pump 3 outside the secondary sorting cylinder 102, wherein the rotating speed of the motor 22 is 1460r/min, the rotating speed of the delivery pump 3 is 1460r/min, and starting the automatic medicine replenishing device of the medicine chest 6; tailings are conveyed to an external high-speed disperser device 2 of the secondary separation column 102 through a tailings overflow discharge pipe 11 of the separation column 101, medicines are supplemented through a medicine supplementing opening 62 in front of the secondary separation column 102, and tailings are conveyed to an ore pulp multipoint distributor 7 in the secondary separation column 102 by a conveying pump 3 after ore pulp is sheared, dispersed and emulsified by a high-speed dispersion rotating sheet 23.
Step 10: when the tailings fill 60% of the volume of the secondary separation cylinder 102, the microbubble generator 10 on the secondary separation cylinder 102 is started, the pressure is set to be 6-7 kpa, and the diameter of the foaming foam is 0.0025 mm.
Step 11: when the foam collecting device 4 of the secondary separation cylinder 102 overflows the foam, the atomizing and spraying device 5 of the secondary separation cylinder 102 is started, the foam product is discharged from the discharge port 104, and a small amount of coal with the ash content of below 20% can be obtained.
Step 12: the tailings are discharged into a tailing pond through a discharge port 105 on a tailing overflow discharge pipe 11 of the secondary separation column 102 for concentration and filter pressing, and tailings with ash content of 78-85% and heat value of 1.8-2.5 MJ/kg can be obtained.
Taking power coal pulp with the concentration of 80g/L, the ash content of 50% and the heat value of 8-16 MJ/kg as an example:
the same separation steps as the coking coal slime pulp are carried out, and tailings with ash content of 78-85% and heat value of 1.8-2.5 MJ/kg can be finally obtained.
The tailings are the raw material tailings of the invention: SiO 2262 to 76% of Al2O315 to 17% of Fe2O32-5% of CaO, 0.5-2% of MgO and the balance of other elements, wherein the percentages are mass percentages; the plasticity is 12-18; the heating value is 1.8-2.5 MJ/Kg, the ignition loss is 3-10%, and the water content is 22-25%. The prepared pottery clay brick has the shrinkage rate of not more than 1.6 percent.
Example 1
The raw materials of the argil bricks consist of tailings and auxiliary substances; wherein the auxiliary substance is any one of shale, clay and fly ash; the mass percent of the tailings is 70 percent, and the mass percent of the auxiliary substances is 30 percent; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated again through a separation column, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262% of Al2O317% of Fe2O35 percent of CaO, 2 percent of MgO and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 12, and the heat value is 1.8 MJ/kg. The granularity of the tailings is less than 0.045 mm; the particle size of the auxiliary substance is less than 2 mm.
The preparation method of the pottery clay brick comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (4) conveying the tailings to a coal slime dryer for drying until the water content is 15-18%.
Step 2: sieving the auxiliary substance with a rotary screen to obtain auxiliary substance with particle size less than 2 mm.
And step 3: mixing the auxiliary substances obtained in the step 2 and the tailings obtained in the step 1 in proportion, and sequentially conveying the mixture to a first stirring system and a second stirring system which are continuous and have the model number of SJJ280 multiplied by 36 for stirring and rolling; the stirring speed of the first stirring system is 100-300 r/min, preferably 200-220 r/min; the stirring speed of the second stirring system is 300-600 r/min, preferably 450-480 r/min; the stirring time is from feeding to natural discharging.
And 4, step 4: sequentially inputting the solid obtained in the step (3) into a bipolar vacuum extruder with the model number of JKY 50/50D-35 for extrusion, a KQZ automatic slitter for slitting and a QP21 automatic blank cutter for dicing to obtain brick blanks; the extrusion pressure is 3-10MPa, preferably 4.00MPa, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the compression strength of the blank is 205-110 kg/cm.
And 5: setting 14 layers of blanks by a ZMP330 hydraulic automatic blank setting system, and naturally drying the blanks outdoors for 24 hours or drying the blanks by using the waste heat of a tunnel kiln.
Step 6: the green bricks are put into a tunnel kiln according to the flow and are sequentially dried, preheated and roasted; the drying temperature is 100-200 ℃, the preheating temperature is 300-500 ℃, the roasting temperature is controlled to 950-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 48 hours; and (5) taking the baked bricks out of the kiln after being sequentially cooled to obtain the pottery clay bricks, wherein the sintering qualification rate is 98%.
Example 2
The raw materials of the argil bricks consist of tailings and auxiliary substances; wherein the auxiliary substance is any one of shale, clay and fly ash; the mass percent of the tailings is 80%, and the mass percent of the auxiliary substances is 20%; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated again through a separation column, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262% of Al2O317% of Fe2O35 percent of CaO, 2 percent of MgO and the balance of other elements; when the auxiliary substance is shale powder or clayThe plasticity index of the tailings is 16, the heat value is 2.0MJ/kg, and the granularity of the tailings is less than 0.045 mm; the particle size of the auxiliary substances is less than 2 mm; when the auxiliary material is the fly ash, the plasticity index of the tailings is 16, the heat value is 1.9MJ/kg, the granularity of the tailings is less than 0.045mm, the granularity of the fly ash is less than 2mm, and the loss on ignition is 5%.
The preparation method of the pottery clay brick comprises the following steps:
step 1: conveying the tailings to a coal slime dryer to dry until the water content is 15-18%;
step 2: sieving the auxiliary substance by a rotary screen to obtain the auxiliary substance with the granularity less than 2mm, wherein the auxiliary substance is any one of clay, shale powder and fly ash.
And step 3: mixing the auxiliary substances obtained in the step 2 and the tailings obtained in the step 1 in proportion, and sequentially conveying the mixture to a first stirring system and a second stirring system which are continuous and have the model number of SJJ280 multiplied by 36 for stirring and rolling; the stirring speed of the first stirring system is 100-300 r/min, preferably 200-220 r/min; the stirring speed of the second stirring system is 300-600 r/min, preferably 450-480 r/min; the stirring time is from feeding to natural discharging.
And 4, step 4: sequentially inputting the solid obtained in the step (3) into a bipolar vacuum extruder with the model number of JKY 50/50D-35 for extrusion, a KQZ automatic slitter for slitting and a QP21 automatic blank cutter for dicing to obtain brick blanks; the extrusion pressure is 3-10MPa, preferably 4.00MPa, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the compression strength of the blank is 205-110 kg/cm.
And 5: setting 14 layers of blanks by a ZMP330 hydraulic automatic blank setting system, and naturally drying the blanks outdoors for 24 hours or drying the blanks by using the waste heat of a tunnel kiln.
Step 6: the green bricks are put into a tunnel kiln according to the flow and are sequentially dried, preheated and roasted; the drying temperature is 100-200 ℃, the preheating temperature is 300-500 ℃, the roasting temperature is controlled to 950-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 45 hours; and (5) taking the baked bricks out of the kiln after being sequentially cooled to obtain the pottery clay bricks, wherein the sintering qualification rate is 98%.
Example 3
The raw materials of the argil bricks consist of tailings and auxiliary substances; wherein the auxiliary material is shale, clay, fly ashAny one of (a); the mass percent of the tailings is 90%, and the mass percent of the auxiliary substances is 10%; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated again through a separation column, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262% of Al2O317% of Fe2O35 percent of CaO, 2 percent of MgO and the balance of other elements; when the auxiliary substance is shale powder or clay, the plasticity index of the tailings is 18, the heat value is 2.5MJ/kg, and the granularity of the tailings is less than 0.045 mm; the particle size of the auxiliary substances is less than 2 mm; when the auxiliary material is the fly ash, the plasticity index of the tailings is 18, the heat value is 2.1MJ/kg, the granularity of the tailings is less than 0.045mm, and the granularity of the fly ash is less than 2 mm.
The preparation method of the pottery clay brick comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (4) conveying the tailings to a coal slime dryer for drying until the water content is 15-18%.
Step 2: sieving the auxiliary substance with a rotary screen to obtain auxiliary substance with particle size less than 2 mm.
And step 3: mixing the auxiliary substances obtained in the step 2 and the tailings obtained in the step 1 in proportion, and sequentially conveying the mixture to a first stirring system and a second stirring system which are continuous and have the model number of SJJ280 multiplied by 36 for stirring and rolling; the stirring speed of the first stirring system is 100-300 r/min, preferably 200-220 r/min; the stirring speed of the second stirring system is 300-600 r/min, preferably 450-480 r/min; the stirring time is from feeding to natural discharging.
And 4, step 4: sequentially inputting the solid obtained in the step (3) into a bipolar vacuum extruder with the model number of JKY 50/50D-35 for extrusion, a KQZ automatic slitter for slitting and a QP21 automatic blank cutter for dicing to obtain brick blanks; the extrusion pressure is 3-10MPa, preferably 4.00MPa, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the compression strength of the blank is 205-110 kg/cm.
And 5: setting 14 layers of blanks by a ZMP330 hydraulic automatic blank setting system, and naturally drying the blanks outdoors for 24 hours or drying the blanks by using the waste heat of a tunnel kiln.
Step 6: the green bricks are put into a tunnel kiln according to the flow and are sequentially dried, preheated and roasted; the drying temperature is 100-200 ℃, the preheating temperature is 300-500 ℃, the roasting temperature is controlled to 950-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 40 hours; and (5) taking the baked bricks out of the kiln after being sequentially cooled to obtain the pottery clay bricks, wherein the sintering qualification rate is 98%. The performance of the prepared pottery clay brick exceeds the national standard.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same. The present invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and illustrated in the drawings, and it is not intended that the specific embodiments of the present invention be limited to the specific details set forth herein. Various changes and modifications to the invention, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pottery clay brick is characterized in that: the raw materials of the argil bricks consist of tailings and auxiliary substances; the auxiliary material is one of clay, shale powder and fly ash, the mass percent of the tailings is 70-90%, and the mass percent of the auxiliary material is 10-30%; the tailings are directly obtained after the coal slime is separated by separation equipment, and the mass percentages of the components in the tailings are as follows: SiO 2262 to 76% of Al2O315 to 17% of Fe2O32-5% of CaO, 0.5-2% of MgO, and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 12-18, the heat value is 1.8-2.5 MJ/kg, and the loss on ignition is 3-10%.
2. A clay brick according to claim 1 wherein: the tailings comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2266% of Al2O316% of Fe2O35 percent of CaO, 1 percent of MgO, and the balance of other elements; the plasticity index of the tailings is 16, and the heat value is 2.0 MJ/kg.
3. A clay brick according to claim 1 wherein: the mass percentage of the tailings is 80-90%, and the mass percentage of the auxiliary substances is 10-20%.
4. A pottery clay brick according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the water content of the tailings is 22-25%.
5. A clay brick according to claim 1 wherein: the sorting device is a sorting column which comprises a main sorting cylinder (100) and at least two secondary sorting cylinders (101, 102) which are communicated with the main sorting cylinder (100) in sequence, the main separation column (100) and the secondary separation columns (101, 102) respectively comprise an ore pulp multipoint distributor (7) arranged at the upper middle position in the main separation column, a high-speed dispersing device (2) arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the ore pulp multipoint distributor (7) through a pipeline, a foam collecting device (4) arranged at the top of the main separation column, an atomizing and spraying device (5) arranged on the foam collecting device (4), a plurality of micro-bubble generators (10) arranged around the outer wall of the lower part of the foam collecting device, an air conveying pipe (9) arranged outside the main separation column in a surrounding manner and communicated with the micro-bubble generators (10) through a pipeline, and a tailing overflow discharge pipe (11) arranged outside the main separation column and communicated with the bottom of the main; the high-speed dispersion machine (2) comprises a motor (22) arranged outside the high-speed dispersion machine and a dispersion rotor (23) connected with the motor (22) and arranged inside the high-speed dispersion machine; the pipeline of the tailing overflow discharge pipe (11) and the high-speed disperser device (2) is provided with an adjusting valve (111); the air conveying pipe (9) is sequentially connected with the air storage tank (8) and the air compressor (81) through pipelines; a pressure stabilizing valve and an air flow regulating valve are arranged on the air storage tank (8); the main separation cylinder (100) also comprises an ore pulp reaction box (1) and a feeding port (103) which are arranged outside the main separation cylinder and are sequentially communicated with the high-speed dispersion machine device (2) through pipelines; a material conveying pump (3) is arranged on a pipeline in front of the ore pulp multi-point distributor (7); the medicine adding port (61) and the medicine supplementing port (62) are communicated with the medicine chest (6) through pipelines; the ore pulp reaction box (1) comprises a stirring rotating sheet (112) and a dropping plate (113) which are arranged in the ore pulp reaction box (1); a chemical adding port (61) is arranged on a pipeline between the ore pulp reaction box (1) and the feeding port (103); the tailings overflow discharge pipe (11) of the main separation column body (100) is communicated with the high-speed disperser device (2) of the secondary separation column body (101) which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, the tailings overflow discharge pipe (11) of the secondary separation column body (101) is communicated with the high-speed disperser device (2) of the secondary separation column body (102) which is connected in sequence through a pipeline, and the tailings overflow discharge pipe (11) and the pipeline of the high-speed disperser device (2) are both provided with a medicine supplementing opening (62); a discharge outlet (105) is arranged on the tailing overflow discharge pipe (11) of the last secondary separation cylinder (102) which is connected in sequence; the foam trapping devices (4) of the main separation cylinder (100) and the secondary separation cylinders (101, 102) which are communicated in sequence are communicated through a pipeline, and a discharge hole (104) is arranged on the pipeline.
6. A pottery clay brick according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation method of the argil brick adopts full internal heat sintering and comprises the following steps:
step 1: drying the tailings until the water content is 15-18%;
step 2: sieving the auxiliary substances through a drum sieve to obtain powder with the particle size less than 2 mm;
and step 3: mixing the powder obtained in the step (2) with the tailings obtained in the step (1) in proportion, conveying the mixture to a stirring system, and stirring and rolling the mixture;
and 4, step 4: inputting the solid obtained in the step 3 into a vacuum extruder for extrusion, an automatic strip cutting machine for strip cutting, and a blank cutting machine for block cutting in sequence to obtain a brick blank block;
and 5: preliminarily drying the green brick blocks;
step 6: and putting the green bricks into a tunnel kiln according to the flow, and sequentially drying, preheating and roasting to obtain the clay bricks.
7. A method for preparing a pottery clay brick according to claim 6, wherein: the stirring system in the step 3 consists of a first stirring system and a second stirring system which are connected in sequence; the stirring speed of the first stirring system is 100-300 r/min, preferably 200-220 r/min; the stirring speed of the second stirring system is 300-600 r/min, preferably 450-480 r/min; the stirring time is from feeding to natural discharging.
8. A method for preparing a pottery clay brick according to claim 6, wherein: the extrusion pressure of the extruder in the step 4 is 3-10MPa, preferably 4.00MPa, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the compression strength of the blank is 205-110 kg/cm.
9. The method for producing a sintered brick according to claim 6, wherein: the primary drying in the step 5 is preferably natural air drying or drying by using the residual heat of a tunnel kiln.
10. A method for preparing a pottery clay brick according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 6, the roasting temperature is 950-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 40-48 hours.
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| CN2019101949524 | 2019-03-14 | ||
| CN201910194953.9A CN109824344A (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | A kind of clay brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN2019101949543 | 2019-03-14 | ||
| CN201910194954.3A CN109851322A (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | A kind of clay brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN201910194952.4A CN109824343A (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | A kind of clay brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN2019101949539 | 2019-03-14 |
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