CN111082662A - High-gain bidirectional soft switch DC/DC converter based on full-coupling inductor - Google Patents

High-gain bidirectional soft switch DC/DC converter based on full-coupling inductor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111082662A
CN111082662A CN201911264567.9A CN201911264567A CN111082662A CN 111082662 A CN111082662 A CN 111082662A CN 201911264567 A CN201911264567 A CN 201911264567A CN 111082662 A CN111082662 A CN 111082662A
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inductor
switch tube
tube
switching
output
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CN111082662B (en
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付永升
李翰山
闫克丁
雷鸣
高俊钗
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Xian Technological University
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Xian Technological University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-gain bidirectional soft switching DC/DC converter based on full-coupling inductance, which comprises 6 switching tubes: s1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6; 2 coupled inductors L1, L2, L3 and L4, and independent inductors Ls and CinIs an input capacitor, CoutIs an output capacitor; due to its symmetry, both sides of the present invention can be either input or output. Any end of the structure of the invention can be used as an input end or an output end, and the purpose of boosting or reducing voltage can be realized by using any end as the input end; the structure can realize the soft switching technology when realizing bidirectional energy flow; the structure control method is simple, and the output voltage control idea is the same as the traditional Buck/Boost control idea.

Description

High-gain bidirectional soft switch DC/DC converter based on full-coupling inductor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power energy conversion, in particular to a high-gain bidirectional soft switching DC/DC converter based on full-coupling inductance.
Background
In a low-voltage distributed energy system, a boost DC/DC converter is needed to convert a low-voltage source into a high-voltage source so as to be connected with a load. It first requires boosting the low voltage to generate the required ac mains voltage, i.e.: in practical applications, a DC/DC converter with a high step-up ratio is required. Secondly, as there is energy flow in most power systems for starting and braking, namely: energy can flow in both directions in the converter. Therefore, a high-gain, high-efficiency, high-power-density bidirectional DC/DC converter is required for most voltage conversion systems.
Some researchers add extra peripheral circuits to realize Boost soft switching, but the required diodes, resonant capacitors and inductors are more, and the diodes, the resonant capacitors and the inductors can only complete unidirectional energy transmission. The soft switching technology is realized by a resonance method, but the control method is complex, the influence of device parameters on the system is too large, and only the purpose of boosting or reducing voltage can be realized. And has not been found in boost and buck converters that can achieve bidirectional transfer of energy while meeting soft switching techniques.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-gain bidirectional soft switching DC/DC converter based on a full-coupling inductor, which solves the problem that the input end and the output end of a DC/DC conversion system in the prior art can not be exchanged randomly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-gain bidirectional soft switching DC/DC converter based on a fully-coupled inductor comprises: the circuit comprises six switching tubes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6, four inductors L1, L2, L3 and L4, an inductor Ls and an input capacitor CinAn output capacitor Cout；
The input capacitor CinExternal input terminal UinOutput capacitance CoutExternal output end Cout；
The input capacitor CinOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 form a coupling inductor;
the output capacitor CoutOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L3 and an inductor L4, and the inductor L3 and the inductor L4 form a coupling inductor;
the inductor L1 is connected with a switching tube S3, the switching tube S3 is connected with a switching tube S5, and the switching tube S5 is connected with an inductor L3;
the inductor L2 is connected with a switching tube S4, the switching tube S4 is connected with a switching tube S6, and the switching tube S6 is connected with an inductor L4;
a switch tube S2 is connected between the switch tube S3 and the switch tube S5, a switch tube S1 is connected between the switch tube S4 and the switch tube S6, one end of the switch tube S1 is connected with one end of the switch tube S2 through an inductor Ls, and the other ends of the switch tube S2 and the switch tube S1 are connected and respectively connected with an input capacitor CinAnd an output capacitor CoutAnd the other end of the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
any end of the structure of the invention can be used as an input end or an output end, and the purpose of boosting or reducing voltage can be realized by using any end as the input end; the structure can realize the soft switching technology when realizing bidirectional energy flow; the structure control method is simple, and the control idea is the same as the traditional Buck/Boost control idea.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of the embodiments can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall circuit topology of the present invention in one mode of operation;
FIG. 2 is a control strategy and main waveform diagram of the present invention in a first operating mode;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the working state of the present invention in a period of one working mode, wherein FIGS. 3(a) -3 (h) are the working states of mode (a) -mode (h), respectively;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the control strategy and the main waveforms of the present invention in the second operating mode;
fig. 5 is a diagram of the operating state in one cycle of the second operating mode of the present invention, wherein fig. 5(a) -fig. 5(h) are the operating states of mode (a ') -mode (h'), respectively.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In the existing bidirectional DC/DC conversion system, the input and output ends can not be exchanged at will, namely: when boosting or reducing voltage, one end must be specified as an output, and the other end must be specified as an output. The energy transmission system formed by the DC/DC has certain limitation on input or output voltage. Any end of the DC/DC converter designed by the invention can realize the purpose of boosting or reducing voltage when used as input, and can complete the function of transmitting energy from low voltage to high voltage or transmitting energy from high voltage to low voltage.
Referring to fig. 1, the fully-coupled-inductor-based high-gain bidirectional soft-switching DC/DC converter includes six switching tubes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, four inductors L1, L2, L3, L4, an inductor Ls, and an input capacitor CinAn output capacitor Cout；
Input capacitance CinExternal input terminal UinOutput capacitance CoutExternal output end Cout；
Input capacitance CinOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 form a coupling inductor;
output capacitor CoutOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L3 and an inductor L4, and the inductor L3 and the inductor L4 form a coupling inductor;
the inductor L1 is connected with the switching tube S3, the switching tube S3 is connected with the switching tube S5, and the switching tube S5 is connected with the inductor L3;
the inductor L2 is connected with the switching tube S4, the switching tube S4 is connected with the switching tube S6, and the switching tube S6 is connected with the inductor L4;
a switch tube S2 is connected between the switch tube S3 and the switch tube S5, a switch tube S1 is connected between the switch tube S4 and the switch tube S6, and one end of the switch tube S1 and one end of the switch tube S2Connected through an inductor Ls, the other ends of the switch tube S2 and the switch tube S1 are connected and respectively connected with an input capacitor CinAnd an output capacitor CoutAnd the other end of the same.
Due to its symmetry, both sides can be used as input or output.
The control method and the main waveform of the circuit topology structure are shown in fig. 2, wherein T is the working period of the switching tube, D is the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the switching tube: d>0.5。Ii1、Ii2The currents, I, flowing through the coupled inductors at L1 and L2isFor flowing through the inductance LsThe current of (a); i isi3、Ii4The currents respectively flow through the L3 and the L4 on the coupling inductor; i isis1、Iis2The currents flowing through the switch tubes S1 and S2, respectively.
When energy is input from the input end U as shown in FIG. 1inFlow direction output end UoutWhen, namely: in the first operating mode, the power supply UoutThe control strategy and main waveforms of the resistor load are shown in fig. 2, the working state in one cycle is shown in fig. 3, and the mode (a) is converted into (h) which is a working cycle.
Mode a (t)0<t<t1)
Referring to FIG. 3(a), at time t0<t<t1At this time, the switching tubes S1, S3 and S4 are turned on, and the current I flowing through the switching tube S1is1Proportionally increases and flows the current I of the switch tube S2is2Is 0. Current I flowing through the switching tube S5i3Gradually decreasing from a maximum by columns to 0. Current I of simultaneous independent inductorsisGradually reducing and effecting a reverse flow through the switching tube S1. Since the switch tube S2 is still in the off state at this time, the input voltage source UinThe junction capacitance is charged via the inductor L1, so that the voltage v across the switching tube S2s2Starts to fall from the maximum value and thus enters mode b.
Mode b (t)1<t<t2)
Referring to fig. 3(b), in the mode b, the body diode of the switching tube S5 is turned off and on. Current I flowing through the switching tube S1is1Gradually increases to the maximum value, and then gradually increases,the maximum value of the reverse current of the switch tube S2 gradually increases, and the voltage v corresponding to the maximum value at the two ends of the switch tube S2s2When the voltage is reduced to 0V. Whereupon mode c is entered.
Mode c (t)2<t<t3)
Referring to FIG. 3(c), at time (t)1<t<t2) At this time, since the current of the switching tube S2 flows in the reverse direction through its body diode, the tube voltage drops to 0V, and thus ZVS is turned on when the switching tube S2 is turned on during this period. And the current flowing through the switch tubes S1 and S2 and the current (I) of the independent inductor Lss1、Is2、Iis) Mode d is entered while remaining constant.
Mode d (t)3<t<t4)
See FIG. 3(d), at t3The time switch tube S1 is turned off, the junction capacitor is charged, and the voltage v at two ends of the junction capacitors1The maximum value gradually increases from 0, and the corresponding current decreases to 0A. Current I flowing through the switching tube S2is2Increasing the value from a negative value to 0A, the body diode of the switch tube S6 is in a pre-conduction state and enters the mode e.
Mode e (t)4<t<t5)
Referring to FIG. 3(e), at time t4<t<t5Its working state is similar to mode a. The switch tube S2 is in conduction state, and its current Iis2Gradually increases from 0, and the current I of the switch tube S1is1Remains at 0. And the body diode of the switch tube S6 is in a conducting state to finish the energy input from the input end UinTo the load UoutCurrent I flowing through independent inductors at the same timeisIncreasing from negative values to positive values. Current Ii4Gradually decreases from the maximum value and enters the mode f when it decreases to 0.
Mode f (t)5<t<t6)
See FIG. 3(f), at t5Time of day, current Ii4And decreases to 0A, the body diode of the switching tube S6 is turned off. The current I flowing through the independent inductor LsisContinuing to increase to a maximum, the current through the switch tube S1 decreases from 0A to a negative value and flows in the opposite direction, while the junction capacitance is charged, which charges upThe voltage across the terminals is gradually reduced from the maximum value to 0V, and the mode g is entered.
Mode g (t)6<t<t7)
See FIG. 3(g), at t6At the moment, the current I of the switch tube S2is2Independent inductance current IisHave reached a positive maximum. The current of the switch tube S1 also reaches a negative maximum value and passes through the body diode of the switch tube, the voltage across the switch tube S1 is 0V, during which the state of the open switch tube S1 is ZVS. At t7At the moment, the switching tube S2 is turned off, and the voltage and current of each part start to change to enter the mode h.
Mode h (t)7<t<t8)
See FIG. 3(h), at t7At the moment, the current flowing through the switching tube S1 gradually increases from a negative value, and the charging and energy storage of the inductor L2 are completed. And at this point the switch S2 is turned off, the junction capacitance begins to be charged, and the corresponding terminal voltage vs2Starting to increase from 0V to a maximum value, current Iis2The decrease is started. When I isis2When reduced to 0A, the voltage vs2Also increases to the maximum value, the diode in the switch S5 is turned on to transfer energy, and then enters the mode a again to start a new period.
When energy is output from the output terminal U as shown in FIG. 1outFlow direction input end UinWhen, namely: in the second working mode, the power supply UinThe control strategy and main waveforms of the resistor load are shown in fig. 4, the working state in one cycle is shown in fig. 5, and fig. 5(a) -5 (h) are working cycles of switching from mode (a ') to (h') in mode two.
Compared with the mode I, the working state of the bidirectional DC/DC topological structure mode II is completed by eight state cycle switching. The switching states of the switches S1 and S2 are the same in the mode one and the mode two states, in the mode one, the switches S3 and S4 are in the normally on state, and the switches S5 and S6 are in the normally off state. In the second mode, the switches S5 and S6 are normally on, and the switches S3 and S4 are normally off.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A high-gain bidirectional soft switching DC/DC converter based on full coupling inductance is characterized in that: the circuit comprises six switching tubes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6, four inductors L1, L2, L3 and L4, an inductor Ls and an input capacitor CinAn output capacitor Cout；
The input capacitor CinExternal input terminal UinOutput capacitance CoutExternal output end Cout；
The input capacitor CinOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 form a coupling inductor;
the output capacitor CoutOne end of the inductor is respectively connected with an inductor L3 and an inductor L4, and the inductor L3 and the inductor L4 form a coupling inductor;
the inductor L1 is connected with a switching tube S3, the switching tube S3 is connected with a switching tube S5, and the switching tube S5 is connected with an inductor L3;
the inductor L2 is connected with a switching tube S4, the switching tube S4 is connected with a switching tube S6, and the switching tube S6 is connected with an inductor L4;
a switch tube S2 is connected between the switch tube S3 and the switch tube S5, a switch tube S1 is connected between the switch tube S4 and the switch tube S6, one end of the switch tube S1 is connected with one end of the switch tube S2 through an inductor Ls, and the other ends of the switch tube S2 and the switch tube S1 are connected and respectively connected with an input capacitor CinAnd an output capacitor CoutAnd the other end of the same.
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