CN111082460A - Photovoltaic power generation system, inverter, grid-connected operation control method and device thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic power generation system, inverter, grid-connected operation control method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The application discloses a grid-connected operation control method and device for an inverter, which are used for avoiding electric shock risks. The inverter comprises an inverter unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, wherein the input end of each Boost circuit is connected with an independent photovoltaic module, and the output end of each Boost circuit is connected in parallel and then is connected to the inverter unit. The method comprises the following steps: when the inverter operates in a grid-connected mode, voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is obtained; judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value; and if so, adjusting the running state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met, and recovering the running state before adjustment. The adjusting the operation state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met comprises the following steps: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
Description
The application is a divisional application of an invention patent application with the application date of 2018, 03 and 02, the application number of 201810174302.9 and the name of a photovoltaic power generation system, an inverter and a grid-connected operation control method and device thereof.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic power generation system, an inverter, a grid-connected operation control method and a grid-connected operation control device of the inverter.
Background
Fig. 1 shows an inverter, which includes an inverter unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, wherein the input end of each Boost circuit is connected to an independent photovoltaic module, the output end of each Boost circuit is connected to the inverter unit after being connected in parallel, and the output end of the inverter unit is connected to a power grid.
In the grid-connected operation process of the inverter, the voltages to ground of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic assembly need to be detected, the insulation impedances to ground of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic assembly are calculated according to the voltages to ground of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic assembly, when the insulation impedance to ground of the positive electrode or the negative electrode of any one photovoltaic assembly is too low, the inverter needs to give an alarm and disconnect from a power grid according to the requirements of relevant safety specifications, the safety protection effect is.
However, under the condition that the absolute value of the positive electrode of a certain photovoltaic module to the ground voltage is extremely small, the positive electrode to the ground voltage of the photovoltaic module with high precision is difficult to detect, so that the inverter may make misjudgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of relevant safety specifications to cause electric shock risks.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a photovoltaic power generation system, an inverter, and a grid-connected operation control method and device thereof, so as to avoid electric shock risk caused by misjudgment under a working condition that an absolute value of a voltage to ground of a positive electrode of a photovoltaic module is extremely small.
An inverter grid-connected operation control method is disclosed, wherein the inverter comprises an inverter unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, the input end of each Boost circuit is connected with an independent photovoltaic module, and the output end of each Boost circuit is connected with the inverter unit after being connected in parallel; the inverter grid-connected operation control method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the inverter is in grid-connected operation, acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module;
judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value;
if so, adjusting the running state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met, and recovering the running state before adjustment;
wherein, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted until a preset requirement is met, and the method comprises the following steps: raising the bus voltage until the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is not less than the first preset value;
or, the adjusting the operation state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met includes: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
Optionally, acquiring the voltage of the anode of any photovoltaic module to the ground includes:
acquiring bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage;
and calculating the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half-bus voltage to be used as the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module.
Optionally, the second preset value is 0.
Optionally, the first preset value is a lower limit of the hysteresis interval.
An inverter grid-connected operation control device comprises an inverter unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, wherein the input end of each Boost circuit is connected with an independent photovoltaic module, and the output end of each Boost circuit is connected in parallel and then is connected to the inverter unit; the inverter grid-connected operation control device includes:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module under the condition of grid-connected operation of the inverter;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value;
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the running state of the inverter when the judging unit judges that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value, and the running state before adjustment is recovered at the moment until the preset requirement is met;
wherein, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted until a preset requirement is met, and the method comprises the following steps: raising the bus voltage until the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is not less than the first preset value;
or, the adjusting the operation state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met includes: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
Optionally, the obtaining unit specifically includes:
the first subunit acquires bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage;
and the second subunit is used for calculating the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half bus voltage as the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module.
Optionally, the second preset value is 0.
Optionally, the first preset value is a lower limit of the hysteresis interval.
An inverter, comprising: a main circuit, and any one of the inverter grid-connected operation control devices as disclosed above.
A photovoltaic power generation system, comprising: such as the inverter disclosed above.
According to the technical scheme, when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is extremely small, the electric shock risk is avoided by adjusting the running state of the inverter, and specifically: the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic assembly can be raised by increasing the bus voltage so as to conveniently detect the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic assembly with high precision, thereby avoiding the electric shock risk caused by misjudgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of relevant safety specifications; or, the electric shock risk is avoided by reducing the triple frequency harmonic quantity injected into the modulation wave, and in order to avoid that the bus voltage can not meet the modulation requirement due to the reduction of the triple frequency harmonic quantity, the bus voltage is also raised.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an inverter structure disclosed in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling grid-connected operation of an inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another inverter grid-connected operation control method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inverter grid-connected operation control device disclosed in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the grid-connected operation process of the inverter shown in fig. 1, misjudgment occurs under the working condition that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is extremely small, and electric shock risks are caused. In order to avoid this problem, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for controlling grid-connected operation of an inverter, as shown in fig. 2, including:
step S01: and under the condition of grid-connected operation of the inverter, acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module.
Specifically, the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module can be directly measured and can also be obtained through calculation.
The process of obtaining the voltage to ground of the anode of any photovoltaic module through calculation is as follows: acquiring bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage; the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half-bus voltage (the half-bus voltage refers to the upper half-bus voltage or the lower half-bus voltage, and when the capacitor voltage is balanced, namely 1/2 times of the bus voltage; in the embodiment of the invention, the lower half-bus voltage, namely the voltage of a point in the bus to the negative bus, is preferably calculated to be used as the voltage of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground.
The principle of the above calculation process is as follows: since the negative pole of the photovoltaic component is directly electrically connected with the negative bus, the output voltage of the photovoltaic component is equal to the potential difference between the positive pole of the photovoltaic component and the negative bus. Since the half bus voltage is equal to the potential difference between the bus midpoint and the negative bus, and the bus midpoint is equal to the ground potential, the half bus voltage is equal to the potential difference between the ground and the negative bus. Based on this, the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half-bus voltage is equal to the voltage of the anode of the photovoltaic module to the ground.
Under the working condition that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of a certain photovoltaic module is extremely small, the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is low-precision no matter the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is obtained by direct measurement or calculation, so that the inverter can make misjudgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of relevant safety specifications to cause electric shock risks.
Step S02: judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of at least one photovoltaic module anode is smaller than a first preset value, if so, executing step S03; if not, step S03 is not executed.
Specifically, in the obtained voltages to ground of the anodes of the photovoltaic modules, if the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of a certain photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value, it indicates that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is extremely small, that is, the obtained precision of the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is low, and at this time, in order to avoid the inverter making an erroneous judgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of the relevant safety specifications to cause an electric shock risk, step S03 is executed; if the accuracy of the voltage of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module to the ground is high, the method is not executed.
In addition, since step S02 determines whether to jump in or out of step S03 by comparing the absolute value of the voltage-to-ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module with the first preset value, when the absolute value of the voltage-to-ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module fluctuates frequently up and down around the first preset value, the jump in and out of step S03 is frequent. To avoid this, a hysteresis zone may be provided, namely: when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than the lower limit of the hysteresis interval (the lower limit of the hysteresis interval is the first preset value), jumping to step S03; when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is greater than the upper limit of the hysteresis interval, jumping out of the step S03; otherwise, the current state is maintained unchanged.
Step S03: adjusting the running state of the inverter, specifically increasing the bus voltage; and recovering the operation state before adjustment until the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is not less than the first preset value.
Specifically, for any photovoltaic module, because the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half-bus voltage is equal to the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module, when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is extremely small, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or approximately equal to the voltage to the half-bus, so that the bus voltage is increased by a certain amount under the condition that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is not changed, the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is correspondingly increased by a certain amount, and when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module is increased to a large enough value, the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module with high precision can be obtained, so that the inverter is prevented from making misjudgment that the.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiment shown in fig. 2, when the absolute value of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground voltage is extremely small, the absolute value of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground voltage is raised by increasing the bus voltage in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, so that the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground voltage with high precision is conveniently detected, and therefore, the inverter is prevented from making erroneous judgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of the relevant safety specifications, and further, the risk of electric shock is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention discloses another inverter grid-connected operation control, including:
step S11: and under the condition of grid-connected operation of the inverter, acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module.
Step S12: judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of at least one photovoltaic module anode is smaller than a first preset value, if so, executing step S13; if not, step S13 is not executed.
Step S13: adjusting the running state of the inverter, specifically reducing the amount of triple frequency harmonics injected in the modulation waves and increasing the bus voltage; and recovering the running state before adjustment until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
Specifically, when the insulation resistance of the positive electrode or the negative electrode of a certain photovoltaic module to the ground is too low, the inverter must alarm and be disconnected from the power grid according to the related safety code requirements so as to avoid electric shock caused by human body contacting the photovoltaic module. The current flowing through the photovoltaic module has direct current and alternating current, and under the working condition that the absolute value of the direct current voltage of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground is extremely small, the direct current flowing through the photovoltaic module is very small, and the very small direct current cannot cause electric shock risks, so that the situation that a human body touches the photovoltaic module to cause electric shock under the working condition can be avoided only by reducing the alternating current flowing through the photovoltaic module to a safe voltage range.
The alternating current flowing through the photovoltaic module is mainly from the frequency tripled harmonic wave (for example, 3, 9, 15 harmonics, specifically 3, 9, 15 triangular waves or 3, 9, 15 sine waves) injected in the modulation wave. Specifically, when the inverter unit performs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Modulation to convert dc power into ac power, a certain amount of triple frequency harmonics are injected into the modulated wave to increase the dc voltage utilization, and the ac current flowing through the photovoltaic module is mainly the triple frequency harmonics. The alternating current flowing through the photovoltaic module to the ground can be reduced by reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic amount, when the injected triple frequency harmonic amount is reduced to a second preset value, the alternating current flowing through the photovoltaic module to the ground is considered to be reduced to a safe voltage range, and at the moment, a human body can be prevented from being contacted with the photovoltaic module to get an electric shock. Preferably, the amount of injected tripled harmonic can be reduced to 0, where the ac current flowing through the photovoltaic module to ground is reduced to 0 amps.
However, considering that the reduction of the injected triple frequency harmonic amount will inevitably reduce the utilization rate of the direct current voltage, and may cause the bus voltage not to meet the modulation requirement, the bus voltage needs to be raised while the injected triple frequency harmonic amount is reduced to ensure that the bus voltage meets the modulation requirement.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiment shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, when the absolute value of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module to the ground voltage is extremely small, the electric shock risk is avoided by reducing the amount of the triple-frequency harmonic injected into the modulation wave, and meanwhile, in order to avoid that the bus voltage does not meet the modulation requirement due to the reduction of the amount of the triple-frequency harmonic, the bus voltage is also raised in the embodiment.
Correspondingly to the above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses an inverter grid-connected operation control device, referring to fig. 4, including:
the acquisition unit 100 is used for acquiring the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module under the condition of grid-connected operation of the inverter;
the judging unit 200 is configured to judge whether an absolute value of the voltage to ground of at least one positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value;
the adjusting unit 300 is configured to adjust the operation state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met when the determining unit 200 determines that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value, and then recover the operation state before adjustment;
wherein, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted until a preset requirement is met, and the method comprises the following steps: raising the bus voltage until the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of each photovoltaic module is not less than the first preset value; or, the adjusting the operation state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met includes: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
Optionally, the obtaining unit 100 specifically includes:
the first subunit acquires bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage;
and the second subunit is used for calculating the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half bus voltage as the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module.
Optionally, the first preset value is a lower limit of the hysteresis interval.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses an inverter, which comprises: a main circuit, and any one of the inverter grid-connected operation control devices as disclosed above.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a photovoltaic power generation system, which comprises: such as any of the inverters disclosed above.
In summary, when the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is extremely small, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted to avoid the risk of electric shock, specifically: the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic assembly can be raised by increasing the bus voltage so as to conveniently detect the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the photovoltaic assembly with high precision, thereby avoiding the electric shock risk caused by misjudgment that the current working condition meets the requirements of relevant safety specifications; or, the electric shock risk is avoided by reducing the triple frequency harmonic quantity injected into the modulation wave, and in order to avoid that the bus voltage can not meet the modulation requirement due to the reduction of the triple frequency harmonic quantity, the bus voltage is also raised.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments. Thus, the present embodiments are not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The grid-connected operation control method of the inverter is characterized in that the inverter comprises an inverter unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, wherein the input end of each Boost circuit is connected with an independent photovoltaic component, and the output end of each Boost circuit is connected in parallel and then is connected to the inverter unit; the inverter grid-connected operation control method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the inverter is in grid-connected operation, acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module;
judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value;
if so, adjusting the running state of the inverter until a preset requirement is met, and recovering the running state before adjustment;
wherein, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted until a preset requirement is met, and the method comprises the following steps: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
2. The inverter grid-connected operation control method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of any one of the photovoltaic modules comprises:
acquiring bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage;
and calculating the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half-bus voltage to be used as the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module.
3. The inverter grid-connected operation control method according to claim 1, wherein the second preset value is 0.
4. The grid-connected operation control device of the inverter is characterized in that the inverter comprises an inversion unit and a plurality of Boost circuits, wherein the input end of each Boost circuit is connected with an independent photovoltaic component, and the output end of each Boost circuit is connected in parallel and then is connected to the inversion unit; the inverter grid-connected operation control device includes:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the voltage to ground of the anode of each photovoltaic module under the condition of grid-connected operation of the inverter;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value;
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the running state of the inverter when the judging unit judges that the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the anode of at least one photovoltaic module is smaller than a first preset value, and the running state before adjustment is recovered at the moment until the preset requirement is met;
wherein, the operation state of the inverter is adjusted until a preset requirement is met, and the method comprises the following steps: and reducing the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity in the modulation wave and increasing the bus voltage until the injected triple frequency harmonic quantity is reduced to a second preset value.
5. The inverter grid-connected operation control device according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining unit specifically includes:
the first subunit acquires bus voltage and photovoltaic module output voltage;
and the second subunit is used for calculating the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and the half bus voltage as the voltage to ground of the anode of the photovoltaic module.
6. The inverter grid-connected operation control device according to claim 4, wherein the second preset value is 0.
7. An inverter, comprising: a main circuit, and an inverter grid-connected operation control device according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
8. A photovoltaic power generation system, comprising: the inverter of claim 7.
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| CN201810174302.9A CN108306335B (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-03-02 | Photovoltaic power generation system, inverter, grid-connected operation control method and device thereof |
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| CN114865709B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-30 | 浙江日风电气股份有限公司 | Bus voltage control method, device and medium for single-phase photovoltaic inverter |
| CN115954833B (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-05-23 | 石家庄科林电气股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter grid-connected surge impact protection method and device and terminal equipment |
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| CN108306335B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN108306335A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
| CN111082460B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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