CN111082099B - Fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature - Google Patents
Fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN111082099B CN111082099B CN201911233069.8A CN201911233069A CN111082099B CN 111082099 B CN111082099 B CN 111082099B CN 201911233069 A CN201911233069 A CN 201911233069A CN 111082099 B CN111082099 B CN 111082099B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature, and belongs to the field of dye cells. The invention provides a fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature, which comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, an adjustable membrane humidifier system, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile, a three-way adjusting valve, a throttle valve, an electromagnetic heater controller, a CVM and an air subsystem controller. During the operation of the fuel cell engine, the cathode of the galvanic pile needs different humidification quantity and temperature according to different power, the opening degree of the three-way regulating valve and the opening frequency of the electromagnetic heater are controlled by the temperature and pressure integrated sensor at different positions through the fitting calculation of control logic, and the temperature and the humidity entering the galvanic pile are ensured to be in a reasonable range. The invention optimizes the key parts of the air subsystem and achieves the purposes of fully adjusting the air humidity of the fuel cell engine subsystem and optimizing the temperature participating in the reaction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air subsystem, in particular to a fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature, and belongs to the field of fuel cells.
Background
With the continuous increase of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, automobiles become a necessary tool for people to go out, new energy automobiles become the direction of development and use of people with the increase of urban haze, and fuel cell automobiles become the target of people.
The fuel cell automobile does not generate carbon dioxide basically, and as a new-generation new energy automobile, the reliability and the durability of the fuel cell engine can be improved through the optimization of the engine and the design and development of key parts. However, the internal and optimized system of the engine is capable of solving our increasingly polluting environmental problems. The prior art fuel cells are not capable of adequately conditioning air humidity and also not capable of optimizing reaction temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature-adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem, which enables air humidity in the fuel cell engine subsystem to be fully adjusted and optimized to participate in reaction temperature, thereby ensuring efficient operation of the system.
The present invention provides a temperature adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem having features comprising: the system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, an adjustable membrane humidifier system, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile, a three-way regulating valve, a throttle valve, an electromagnetic heater controller, a CVM and an air subsystem controller; the adjustable membrane humidifier system comprises a tube bundle with regular air permeability and a deionizing agent; the electromagnetic heater system comprises an electromagnetic heater, a composite heat-insulating layer, a system composite rubber pipe and an electromagnetic heater controller; the fuel cell engine is in the operation process, according to the difference of power, the galvanic pile cathode needs different humidification quantity and temperature, the opening degree of the three-way regulating valve and the opening frequency of the electromagnetic heater are controlled through the fitting calculation of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor at different positions through control logic, the temperature and the humidity entering the galvanic pile are guaranteed to be in a reasonable range, in order to guarantee the electric conduction characteristic of cathode side humid air as far as possible, a deionizing agent is added in the adjustable membrane humidifier system, so that the deionizing agent can adsorb redundant charged ions, and meanwhile, the diffusion uniformity of the humid air pipe bundle in the humidifier can be guaranteed.
In the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature provided by the invention, the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the adjustable membrane humidifier system comprises a tube bundle with regular air permeability and a deionizing agent, wherein the tube bundle adopts PAN/DMF as a membrane base material, PEG and CH 3 COOH is an additive and is solidified under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and the post-treatment process adopts a vacuum plasma treatment technology to ensure that the post-treatment process meets the water permeability; the deionizing agent is prepared by adjusting different proportions of anions and cations and a catalyst according to the acidity and the alkalinity.
In the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature provided by the invention, the invention can also have the following characteristics: the deionizing agent in the adjustable membrane humidifier system is used for adsorbing acidic substances and charged ions in the humid air and is used for expanding the adsorption space of the tube bundle.
In the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature provided by the invention, the invention can also have the following characteristics: the electromagnetic heater system comprises an electromagnetic heater, an EV composite heat-insulating layer, a system composite rubber pipe and an electromagnetic heater controller, wherein the electromagnetic heater is set in a heating area by a high-frequency high-voltage direct-current magnetic field according to the fitting of different voltage-stabilizing integrated sensors; the composite heat-insulating layer is respectively designed on the outer side of the composite rubber tube of the system and the inner side and the outer side of the electromagnetic heater and used for ensuring the temperature entering the galvanic pile, the composite heat-insulating layer is formed by compounding EV materials and phase-change materials, and the controller is used for adjusting the high-frequency magnetic field of the electric heater according to the acquired signals of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
In the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature provided by the invention, the invention can also have the following characteristics: the temperature between the intercooler and the adjustable membrane humidifier system is recorded as t1, the temperature between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the electromagnetic heater system is recorded as t2, the temperature between the three-way regulating valve and the adjustable membrane humidifier system is recorded as t3, the temperature between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the air throttle is recorded as t4, the temperature between the electromagnetic heater system and the electric pile is recorded as t5, and the three-way regulating valve regulates the temperature of the three-way regulating valve through a common fitting curve of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor t5 and t1, t2, t3 and t4 according to the temperature and pressure integrated sensor signal before entering the electric pile as the temperature of the adjustable membrane humidifier system t2 is lowest in a temperature range of t 1-t 5, so that the humidity requirements of the electric pile under different powers are ensured.
In the air subsystem of the fuel cell engine with the adjustable temperature, the invention can also have the following characteristics: the air throttle is used for realizing a pressure function in cooperation with the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the stack.
Action and Effect of the invention
The invention relates to a temperature-adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem, which comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, an adjustable membrane humidifier system, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile, a three-way adjusting valve, a throttle valve, an electromagnetic heater controller, a CVM and an air subsystem controller. Therefore, the invention can make the air humidity of the fuel cell engine subsystem fully adjusted and optimized to participate in the reaction temperature within a reasonable range, can humidify the membrane electrode of the fuel cell engine system, and ensures the high-efficiency operation of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature regulated fuel cell engine air subsystem in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a hollow fiber tube bundle in an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heating system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is specifically described below by combining the embodiment and the attached drawings.
< example >
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature regulated fuel cell engine air sub-system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a temperature adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem comprises: the system comprises an air compressor 1, an intercooler 2, an adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile 6, a three-way regulating valve 7, a throttle valve 8, an electromagnetic heater controller 9, a CVM11, 5 temperature and pressure integrated sensors and an air subsystem controller 10.
The hot air end of the air compressor 1 is connected to the intercooler 2 for delivering compressed air to the intercooler 2.
The inlet of the intercooler 2 is communicated with the air compressor 1, and the outlet of the intercooler is communicated with the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, so that the compressed air is cooled to form dry and cold air.
The conditioning type membrane humidifier system 3 has a plurality of hollow fiber tube bundles c having a certain regular air permeability and a deionizing agent a.
As shown in fig. 1, the d side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 is connected to the throttle valve 8, the e side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 is connected to the intercooler, the f side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 is connected to the three-way regulating valve 7, and the g side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 is connected to the electromagnetic heater system 4. Gas may enter the regulated membrane humidifier system 3 from the e-side and the f-side, and gas may exit the regulated membrane humidifier system 3 from the d-side and the g-side.
Liquid water injected by the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, water vapor and air from the electric pile 6 and dry air from the intercooler 2 humidify the dry air under the action of moisture migration and micro-pressure difference in the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, heat conduction, convection and radiation heat exchange exist in the mixing process, and a certain isenthalpic humidifying process exists at the same time.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a hollow fiber tube bundle in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the hollow fiber bundle c has a hollow tubular shape. PAN/DMF is used as basic material of film, and PEG and CH as additive 3 COOH is solidified under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and the post-treatment process adopts a vacuum plasma treatment technology to ensure that the COOH meets certain water permeability.
The deionizing agent a is formed by adjusting different proportions of anions and cations and a catalyst according to acidity and alkalinity, can adsorb acidic substances and charged ions in wet air, can expand the adsorption space of the tube bundle, and can ensure the diffusion uniformity of the hollow fiber tube bundle c in the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heating system in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the electromagnetic heater system includes an electromagnetic heater 5, an EV composite insulation layer, and a composite rubber tube 4.
The inlet end of the electromagnetic heater system is connected with the g side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, and the outlet end of the electromagnetic heater system is connected with the cathode of the electric pile 6 and used for heating the gas conveyed from the g side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3.
The composite rubber tube 4 is tubular and is used for air to pass through.
The electromagnetic heater 5 is arranged outside the composite rubber tube, the high-frequency magnetic field for high-voltage direct current is used for setting the heating interval according to the fitting of the temperature and pressure integrated sensors with different temperatures.
The EV composite insulating layer is wrapped outside the composite rubber pipe 4 and the electromagnetic heater 5 and is formed by compounding an EV-X material and a phase change material.
The cell stack 6 has an anode and a cathode, wherein the cathode is connected to the electromagnetic heater system and the three-way regulating valve, receives the gas from the electromagnetic heater system, and discharges the discharged gas to the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 or the damper 8 through the three-way regulating valve.
The three ends of the three-way regulating valve 7 are respectively connected with the f side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, the cathode of the electric pile 6 and the throttle valve 8, the opening degree is regulated through a common fitting curve of 5 voltage-stabilizing integrated sensors according to the temperature and pressure entering integrated sensor signals, and the humidity requirement of the electric pile 6 under different powers is guaranteed.
The throttle valve 8 is respectively connected with the side d of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 and the three-way regulating valve, and is matched with the air compressor 1 to realize the pressure function according to the air inlet pressure of the electric pile 6.
The electromagnetic heater controller 9 is used for adjusting the high-frequency magnetic field of the electric heater according to the collected signals of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
The CVM11 is used to control the operation of the stack 6.
The 5 temperature and pressure integrated sensors are used for acquiring the temperature and the pressure at the position and sending the temperature and the pressure to the air subsystem controller 10, and are respectively a first temperature and pressure integrated sensor (located at the position of t1 in fig. 1) arranged between the intercooler 2 and the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, a second temperature and pressure integrated sensor (located at the position of t2 in fig. 1) arranged between the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 and the electromagnetic heater system, a third temperature and pressure integrated sensor (located at the position of t3 in fig. 1) arranged between the three-way regulating valve 7 and the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, a fourth temperature and pressure integrated sensor (located at the position of t4 in fig. 1) arranged between the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 and the throttle valve 8, and a fifth temperature and pressure integrated sensor (located at the position of t5 in fig. 1) arranged between the electromagnetic heater system 4 and the electric pile 6.
The air subsystem controller 10 controls the operation of the whole system, the change of the system power can cause the change of the air demand, in order to further optimize the temperature and the humidity of the air entering the galvanic pile 6, the adjustable electric heater controller 9 is adjusted through the feedback of the temperature t5 before the air enters the galvanic pile, the instantaneous heating characteristic is utilized, the steam-water mixture with the temperature t2 is subjected to certain temperature rise treatment, the three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is adjusted through the fitting relation between the temperature t5 and t 1-t 4, and the humidity condition entering the galvanic pile 6 is further controlled. Therefore, the control of the CVM11, the control of the three-way electromagnetic valve 7 and the control of the throttle valve 8 can be stably and efficiently operated. In order to ensure that the temperature and the humidity are not cooled and liquefied, the phase change heat storage of the composite heat-insulating layer b is needed for prevention. To neutralize acidification and deionization, deionizing agent a is needed for further optimization.
Specifically, the present embodiment provides an operation method in an air subsystem of a fuel cell engine with adjustable temperature, which comprises the following steps:
the air is compressed by the air compressor 1, and reaches the intercooler 2 after compression, and the temperature (t 1) is integrated and then enters the inner side of the tube bundle of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, and the liquid water, the water vapor and the air (t 3) injected in the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 and the dry air (t 1) from the intercooler 2 humidify the dry air under the action of the migration of moisture and the micro-pressure difference in the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, and heat conduction, convection and radiation heat exchange exist in the mixing process, and meanwhile, a certain isenthalpic humidifying process exists. The outlet at the inner side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 (t 2) is in butt joint with the adjustable electric heater 5, the outlet temperature (t 5) of the adjustable electric heater is mainly obtained through collecting temperature and pressure integrated signals from t1 to t3 and fitting calculation of control logic, the opening degree of the three-way regulating valve 7 and the opening frequency of the adjustable electric heater 5 are controlled, the outlet temperature (t 5) meets the requirement of entering the galvanic pile 6 and then flows through the three-way regulating valve 7, the outer side (t 4) of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 tube bundle and the throttle valve 8 to be regulated. During the operation of the fuel cell engine, the cathode of the electric pile 6 needs different humidification quantity and temperature according to different power, and because the temperature t2 of the outlet of the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3 is the lowest in the temperature range of t 1-t 5, the opening degree of the three-way regulating valve 7 and the opening frequency of the adjustable electric heater 5 are controlled through the fitting calculation of the temperature and pressure integrated sensors at different positions through control logic, so that the temperature and the humidity entering the electric pile are ensured to be in reasonable ranges. In order to ensure the conductive characteristic of cathode side humid air as much as possible, a deionizing agent is added in the adjustable membrane humidifier system 3, so that the deionizing agent can adsorb redundant charged ions, and meanwhile, the diffusion uniformity of a humid air tube bundle in the humidifier can be ensured.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the present embodiment, the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature is provided with an air compressor, an intercooler, an adjustable membrane humidifier system, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile, a three-way regulating valve, a throttle valve, an electromagnetic heater controller, a CVM and an air subsystem controller. Therefore, the air humidity of the fuel cell engine subsystem can be fully adjusted and optimized to participate in the reaction temperature within a reasonable range, the membrane electrode of the fuel cell engine system can be humidified, and the efficient operation of the system is ensured.
Further, according to the fuel cell engine air subsystem with adjustable temperature related to the embodiment, because the porous forming characteristic of the hollow fiber tube bundle, the heat preservation characteristic of the EV-X heat preservation material, the deionization characteristic of the deionization agent and the like are utilized, the embodiment enhances the water permeation uniformity of the membrane humidifier at a certain temperature and pressure; the heating and heat preservation performance is enhanced at a certain temperature; the acidity reduction and deionization are enhanced under certain acidity and conductivity, so that the stable operation of the fuel cell is ensured.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A temperature adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem, comprising: the system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, an adjustable membrane humidifier system, an electromagnetic heater system, a galvanic pile, a three-way regulating valve, a throttle valve, a CVM and an air subsystem controller;
the air compressor is connected with an inlet of the intercooler;
the outlet of the intercooler is connected with the adjustable membrane humidifier system;
the adjustable membrane humidifier system comprises a tube bundle with regular air permeability and a deionization agent, the d side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system is connected with the throttle valve, the e side is connected with the intercooler, the f side is connected with the three-way regulating valve, the g side is connected with the electromagnetic heater system, gas enters the adjustable membrane humidifier system from the e side and the f side and flows out of the adjustable membrane humidifier system from the d side and the g side,
the deionizing agent is prepared by adjusting different proportions of anions and cations and a catalyst according to acidity and alkalinity;
the electromagnetic heater system comprises an electromagnetic heater, an EV composite heat-insulating layer, a composite rubber pipe and an electromagnetic heater controller,
the electromagnetic heater is arranged outside the composite rubber tube, the high-frequency magnetic field of the electromagnetic heater sets a heating interval according to the fitting of the temperature and pressure integrated sensors,
the EV composite heat-insulating layer is respectively wrapped outside the electromagnetic heater and the composite rubber pipe and is formed by compounding an EV-X material and a phase-change material,
the composite rubber pipe is connected between the g side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the cathode of the electric pile,
the electromagnetic heater controller is used for adjusting the high-frequency magnetic field of the electromagnetic heater according to the collected signal of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor;
the three ends of the three-way regulating valve are respectively connected with the f side of the adjustable membrane humidifier system, the cathode of the electric pile and the throttle valve;
the throttle valve is used for realizing a pressure function in cooperation with the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the electric pile;
the CVM is used for controlling the operation of the galvanic pile;
the air subsystem controller is used for controlling the operation of the whole system;
temperature and pressure integrated sensors are respectively arranged between the intercooler and the adjustable membrane humidifier system, between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the electromagnetic heater system, between the three-way regulating valve and the adjustable membrane humidifier system, between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the throttle valve, and between the electromagnetic heater system and the electric pile;
in the operation process of the fuel cell engine, according to different powers, cathodes of the galvanic pile need different humidification amounts and temperatures, the air subsystem controller controls the opening degree of the three-way regulating valve and the opening frequency of the electromagnetic heater through fitting calculation of temperature and pressure integrated sensors at different positions through control logic, the temperature and the humidity entering the galvanic pile are guaranteed to be within a reasonable range, in order to guarantee the electric conduction characteristic of cathode side wet air as far as possible, the deionizing agent can adsorb acidic substances and charged ions in the wet air, meanwhile, the adsorption space of the tube bundle can be expanded, and the diffusion uniformity of the tube bundle is guaranteed.
2. A temperature adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem in accordance with claim 1, wherein:
wherein the tube bundle adopts PAN/DMF as a membrane base material, PEG and CH 3 COOH is an additive and is solidified under certain temperature and pressure, and the post-treatment process adopts vacuum plasma treatment technology to make it meet the water permeability.
3. A temperature adjustable fuel cell engine air subsystem in accordance with claim 1, wherein:
wherein the temperature between the intercooler and the adjustable membrane humidifier system is denoted as t1,
the temperature between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the electromagnetic heater system is recorded as t2,
recording the temperature between the three-way regulating valve and the adjustable membrane humidifier system as t3,
the temperature between the adjustable membrane humidifier system and the throttle valve is recorded as t4,
the temperature between the electromagnetic heater system and the stack is noted as t5,
the three-way regulating valve adjusts the opening of the three-way regulating valve through a common fitting curve of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor t5 and t1, t2, t3 and t4 according to the temperature and pressure integrated sensor signal before entering the galvanic pile and because the temperature of the outlet temperature t2 of the membrane humidifier system is lowest in the temperature range of t 1-t 5, and the humidity requirement of the galvanic pile under different powers is ensured.
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| CN201911233069.8A CN111082099B (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Fuel cell engine air subsystem capable of adjusting temperature |
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