CN111077588A - Method for evaluating quality of karst carbonate reservoir by using residual stratum thickness - Google Patents
Method for evaluating quality of karst carbonate reservoir by using residual stratum thickness Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps: step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell; step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1(ii) a Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir evaluation, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum.
Background
Reservoir quality calculation is a core of reservoir evaluation, and is related to the key links of gas field development such as optimization of a development target area, establishment of a deployment mode, determination of a development well position and the like, so that the development effect of a gas field is directly determined.
The existing reservoir quality calculation methods are mainly divided into two categories: the method has the greatest advantages of fully reflecting the influence factors such as reservoir formation cause and the like, has good application effect in specific blocks, has low quantitative degree, excessively depends on the technical level of geologists, and is difficult to meet the development requirements of new areas and rapid construction productivity; the second method is a quantitative evaluation method of multi-factor analysis, mainly comprising 10 methods such as a weight analysis method, an analytic hierarchy process, an artificial neural network and the like, wherein the principle of the method is divided into two aspects, and firstly, various conventional and special technical means such as core analysis, conventional well logging, imaging well logging, nuclear magnetic resonance and the like are adopted for different reservoirs to obtain various parameters of the reservoirs (mainly porosity and permeability are main physical parameters); secondly, on the basis of multi-parameter multi-factor analysis mainly based on porosity and permeability, an evaluation index is established by using a mathematical method such as geostatistics and the like to evaluate the quality of a reservoir, the method has high quantification degree and good application effect in a compact sandstone reservoir, but has obvious limitation in application in a complex karst carbonate reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, and overcomes the defects that in the prior art, the thickness of a rock stratum is 1: the reservoir classification evaluation method based on sedimentary-diagenetic action analysis has low quantification degree, excessively depends on the technical level of geologists, and is difficult to meet the development requirements of new areas and rapid construction of productivity; 2. the application of the quantitative evaluation method of the multi-factor analysis in the complex karst carbonate reservoir has obvious limitation, because the reservoir pore type is mainly formed by combining erosion holes, seams and holes, the conventional well logging is difficult to accurately obtain key evaluation parameters such as the reservoir porosity, the permeability and the like; 3. the quantitative evaluation method of the multi-factor analysis has higher cost in the development stage, so the method is limited by data and is difficult to realize accurate evaluation of the quality of the karst carbonate reservoir and the like.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preferably, the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 2) from the stratum impermeable to the source rock2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Preferably, the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
Preferably, the reservoir quality evaluation method of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 3) evaluates the reservoir quality by using a reservoir quality evaluation equation, wherein the reservoir quality evaluation equation is as follows:
wherein:
f: reservoir quality index, dimensionless;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
h2: thickness from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable formation, m;
a. b and c are constants.
Preferably, the a, the b and the c can be obtained by returning the well completion data of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated, and the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2Above 50m, the reservoir quality index is less than 7.
Preferably, the reservoir quality index F is greater than 40, the reservoir is a high-quality reservoir, the reservoir quality index F is between 15 and 40, the reservoir is a good reservoir, the reservoir quality index F is between 7 and 15, the reservoir is a common reservoir, and the reservoir quality index F is less than 7, the reservoir is a poor reservoir.
Preferably, the test gas production and the residual formation thickness h in the step 3)1The relationship of (1) is:
Q=a×h1 b
wherein:
q: the flow rate is not blocked by the gas test, and the unit is ten thousand squares/day;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
a. b is a constant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a technical method for accurately and quickly evaluating the quality of a reservoir by utilizing parameters such as stratum thickness, a landform unit capable of being drawn and the like which can be obtained by a conventional technology; aiming at the current situation that physical parameters such as porosity and permeability of a complex karst carbonate reservoir (development of dissolution holes, cracks and cavities) are difficult to accurately obtain through conventional technical means and quantitative evaluation of the quality of the reservoir of the gas reservoir is difficult to realize, a relatively convenient and accurate reservoir quality evaluation method is established by utilizing parameters which are easily obtained through conventional technical means such as a fine geomorphic unit, residual thickness and non-permeable stratum thickness from hydrocarbon source rocks, and the method is widely applied to gas reservoirs in the ancient world under a Suliger gas field and the ancient world under a Jingbian gas field;
(2) according to the method, the ancient landform is comprehensively restored by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method through the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the well drilling data, so that an ancient cumulus archaizing unit, an ancient slope unit and an ancient depression unit are judged, in the same landform unit, the relationship between the residual stratum thickness and the karst action strength is close, the reservoir difference is caused, and therefore the relationship between the residual stratum thickness and the test gas yield in different units is respectively established, so that the distinguishing calculation is carried out, and the distribution position and the content of a gas reservoir are better described;
3) according to the method, the parameters such as the physical properties of the reservoir are not acquired by expensive special technical means, the reservoir is evaluated by the stratum thickness acquired by conventional economic technical means, the quality of the reservoir can be simply, conveniently and effectively calculated or evaluated, screening is carried out at the initial stage of exploitation, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples:
it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, and other embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, since the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific structures, proportions, and dimensions, or otherwise, unless otherwise specified, since various modifications, changes in the proportions and variations thereof, can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention. A
The well completion data comprises well drilling depth data, well logging lithology data, well logging interpretation data, layered data and the like, wherein the well drilling depth data, the well logging lithology data and the well logging data are all recorded on site; the well logging interpretation is interpreted according to well logging data and well logging lithology technicians, the stratigraphic layered lithology data is obtained according to the comprehensive analysis and research of well completion depth data, well logging lithology data, well logging data and well logging interpretation data, and the ancient landform is comprehensively restored by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratigraphic thickness and geological comprehensive data, so that an ancient hillock unit, an ancient slope unit and an ancient valley unit are also judged as conventional means in the field; the elevation of the rock bottom of the overlying hydrocarbon source, the elevation of the weathered crust top, the thickness of a permeable stratum, the elevation of the weathered crust top and the elevation of the target layer top can be obtained from layered lithology information of well drilling and well logging interpretation.
And the a, the b and the c can be obtained by returning the well completion data of the region where the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated is located (namely, the well completion data of one region is returned).
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preferably, the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 2) from the stratum impermeable to the source rock2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Example 4
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preferably, the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 2) from the stratum impermeable to the source rock2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Preferably, the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
Example 5
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preferably, the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 2) from the stratum impermeable to the source rock2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Preferably, the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
Preferably, the reservoir quality evaluation method of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 3) evaluates the reservoir quality by using a reservoir quality evaluation equation, wherein the reservoir quality evaluation equation is as follows:
wherein:
f: reservoir quality index, dimensionless;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
h2: thickness from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable formation, m;
a. b and c are constants.
Example 6
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preferably, the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 2) from the stratum impermeable to the source rock2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Preferably, the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
Preferably, the reservoir quality evaluation method of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 3) evaluates the reservoir quality by using a reservoir quality evaluation equation, wherein the reservoir quality evaluation equation is as follows:
wherein:
f: reservoir quality index, dimensionless;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
h2: thickness from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable formation, m;
a. b and c are constants.
Preferably, the a, the b and the c can be obtained by returning the well completion data of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated, and the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2Above 50m, the reservoir quality index is less than 7.
Example 7
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
Preferably, the three units divided in step 1) are used for comprehensively recovering the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method according to the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hollow unit.
Preference is given toThe thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum in the step 2)2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
Preferably, the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
Preferably, the reservoir quality evaluation method of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 3) evaluates the reservoir quality by using a reservoir quality evaluation equation, wherein the reservoir quality evaluation equation is as follows:
wherein:
f: reservoir quality index, dimensionless;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
h2: thickness from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable formation, m;
a. b and c are constants.
Preferably, the a, the b and the c can be obtained by returning the well completion data of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated, and the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2Above 50m, the reservoir quality index is less than 7.
Preferably, the reservoir quality index F is greater than 40, the reservoir is a high-quality reservoir, the reservoir quality index F is between 15 and 40, the reservoir is a good reservoir, the reservoir quality index F is between 7 and 15, the reservoir is a common reservoir, and the reservoir quality index F is less than 7, the reservoir is a poor reservoir.
Preferably, the test gas production and the residual formation thickness h in the step 3)1The relationship of (1) is:
Q=a×h1 b
wherein:
q: the flow rate is not blocked by the gas test, and the unit is ten thousand squares/day;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
a. b is a constant.
Example 8
Step 1) taking a Su block as an example, recognizing according to stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in drilling data, and dividing the Su block ancient geomorphic units into 5 ancient hillock units, 5 ancient slope units and 3 ancient hollow units;
step 2) obtaining stratum thickness h according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging explanation2，h2= (overburden source rock bottom elevation-weathered shell top elevation) -permeable stratum thickness, get h2<50 m; obtaining the residual stratum thickness h1 of each unit according to the layered lithology data of the well drilling and well logging interpretation;
step 3) obtaining a and b by performing well drilling data regression on the region, wherein the ancient cumulus cell parameters are a =649 and b = -1.074, and the calculated reservoir quality index F value is mainly distributed between 5 and 115; the paleoslope unit parameters are a <10, b =0 and the reservoir quality index F <10, and belong to common and poor reservoirs; paleo cell parameters are a <7, b =0, F <7, belonging to poor reservoirs.
The residual stratum thickness h1 of 5 ancient cumulus units is distributed between 5 m and 61m, so the gas test unobstructed flow is distributed between 10.2 ten thousand square per day and 225 ten thousand square per day.
The method is used for accumulating 524 wells of an application development well, saving 1310 trillions of special testing (development well imaging logging, coring) cost (single well cost is 10 trillions), assisting in screening a plurality of enrichment areas, accumulating 20 billions of newly built capacity, and enabling the average single well gas testing yield to reach 18 trillions/day.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the reservoir forming action mechanism of the gas reservoir, the gas content of the reservoir is related to the thickness of an impermeable stratum away from a hydrocarbon source rock, the larger the thickness of the impermeable stratum away from the hydrocarbon source rock is, the larger the oil and gas migration resistance is, and according to the correlation between the thickness of the impermeable stratum away from the hydrocarbon source rock and the single well yield, the thickness of the impermeable stratum away from the hydrocarbon source rock is larger than 50m, and the gas content of the reservoir is poor; the thickness of the stratum which is not permeable to the hydrocarbon source rock is less than 50m, the method has good gas source conditions, the gas content of the reservoir under the conditions depends on physical properties, the method integrates the mutual relations between the gas content of the reservoir and the thickness of the residual stratum and the thickness of the stratum which is not permeable to the hydrocarbon source rock, and establishes a piecewise function of the reservoir quality calculation index, so that the reservoir quality and the gas content can be evaluated quickly and reasonably.
The invention provides a technical method for accurately and quickly evaluating the quality of a reservoir by utilizing parameters such as stratum thickness, a landform unit capable of being drawn and the like which can be obtained by a conventional technology; aiming at the current situations that physical parameters such as porosity and permeability of a complex karst carbonate reservoir (development of dissolution holes, cracks and cavities) are difficult to accurately obtain through conventional technical means and quantitative evaluation of the quality of the reservoir of the gas reservoir is difficult to realize, a relatively convenient and accurate reservoir quality evaluation method is established by utilizing parameters which are easily obtained through conventional technical means such as a fine geomorphic unit, residual thickness and non-permeable stratum thickness from hydrocarbon source rocks, and the method is widely applied to gas reservoirs in the ancient world under a Suliger gas field and the ancient world under a Jingbian gas field.
According to the method, the ancient landform is comprehensively restored by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method through the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the well drilling data, so that an ancient cumulus archaizing unit, an ancient slope unit and an ancient depression unit are judged, in the same landform unit, the relationship between the residual stratum thickness and the karst action strength is close, the reservoir difference is caused, and therefore the relationship between the residual stratum thickness and the test gas yield in different units is respectively established, so that the distinguishing calculation is carried out, and the distribution position and the content of a gas reservoir are better described.
According to the method, the parameters such as the physical properties of the reservoir are not acquired by expensive special technical means, the reservoir is evaluated by the stratum thickness acquired by conventional economic technical means, the quality of the reservoir can be simply, conveniently and effectively calculated or evaluated, screening is carried out at the initial stage of exploitation, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims. The components and structures of the present embodiments that are not described in detail are well known in the art and do not constitute essential structural elements or elements.
Claims (8)
1. A method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir by using the thickness of a residual stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) carrying out unit division on a karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated into an ancient cumulus cell, an ancient slope cell and an ancient depression cell;
step 2) calculating the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock2And determining the thickness h of the residual formation1；
Step 3) according to the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2And residual formation thickness h1And judging the reservoir quality and the test gas yield of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated.
2. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 1, wherein: the three units divided in the step 1) comprehensively restore the ancient landform by adopting a residual thickness method or an impression method through the stratum thickness and geological comprehensive data in the well drilling data, so as to judge the ancient cumulus stump unit, the ancient slope unit and the ancient hole unit.
3. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the impermeable stratum of the hydrocarbon source rock in the step 2)2Obtained according to layered lithology data of well drilling and well logging interpretation, wherein the thickness h of the karst type carbonate reservoir to be evaluated from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable stratum2The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is2= (= (overburden source bed elevation-weathered shell roof elevation) — permeable formation thickness.
4. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 2)1Obtained from the well drilling and logging interpretation of the stratified lithology data, wherein the thickness of the residual formation h1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: h is1= weathered-roof elevation-target-roof elevation.
5. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 1, wherein: the reservoir quality evaluation method of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated in the step 3) evaluates the reservoir quality evaluation equation through the reservoir quality evaluation equation, wherein the reservoir quality evaluation equation is as follows:
wherein:
f: reservoir quality index, dimensionless;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
h2: thickness from the hydrocarbon source rock impermeable formation, m;
a. b and c are constants.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the karst is evaluated according to the thickness of the residual stratumThe method for improving the quality of the carbonate reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps: the a, the b and the c can be obtained by regression of well completion data of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated, and when the thickness h of the karst carbonate reservoir to be evaluated is equal to the thickness h of the non-permeable stratum of the source rock2Above 50m, the reservoir quality index is less than 7.
7. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 5, wherein: the reservoir quality index F is larger than 40, is a high-quality reservoir, is between 15 and 40, is a good reservoir, is between 7 and 15, is a common reservoir, and is a poor reservoir when the reservoir quality index F is smaller than 7.
8. The method for evaluating the quality of a karst carbonate reservoir using the thickness of a residual formation according to claim 5, wherein: the yield of the pilot gas and the thickness h of the residual stratum in the step 3)1The relationship of (1) is:
Q=a×h1 b
wherein:
q: the flow rate is not blocked by the gas test, and the unit is ten thousand squares/day;
h1: residual formation thickness, m;
a. b is a constant.
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