CN103412335B - A kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir, comprise following steps, step 1. analytical sampling region, the logging trace in conjunction with sample area carries out classification according to earthquake thing facies type and explanation to sample area rock stratum; The aboveground P-wave And S log data of step 2. basis, sets up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template; Horizontal stroke in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in step 3. pair step 2, ordinate are replaced, and obtain new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template, identify the judgement relation F2 of earthquake thing facies type and elastic impedance parameter according to elastic impedance Parameter analysis template; Step 4. is finally inversed by far away, the near angular variation of target area apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, utilizes the earthquake thing facies type of F2 identification object region.Adopt the method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir of the present invention, without inverted porosity data, the object of dessert prediction can be reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum exploration field, relate to a kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir.
Background technology
Along with the continuous intensification of degree of prospecting, low porosity and low permeability reservoir progressively becomes the focus of current exploration.Therefore in low porosity and low permeability area, dessert (High-quality Reservoir) is looked for be very urgent production problem.And in Seismic Reservoir Prediction, physical property (hole, ooze) prediction is a difficult point.For Prediction of Reservoir Porosity, generally all need speed of setting up-factor of porosity relation, no matter this relation is linear or non-linear, becomes and space-variant time all along with the change of longitudinal compacting and lateral deposition,
Therefore be difficult to set up a petrophysical model accurately, when causing being converted into factor of porosity by seismologic parameter, precision of prediction is not high, and the precision of prediction of dessert is not high yet.For the Permeability Prediction of reservoir, in earthquake, also there is no effective Forecasting Methodology at present.
Aborning, evaluating reservoir is generally divided into different stage (classification) by well-log information by factor of porosity constant interval.So-called dessert is exactly the reservoir of comparative good-quality in Reservoir Classification (factor of porosity is larger).If this classification can be made prediction in earthquake, the object of dessert prediction also can be reached.Although the main cause that different regions control reservoir pore space growth is different, reservoir pore space develops nothing but by the large factor controlling of deposition (granularity, sorting) and diagenesis (compacting, cementing, corrosion) two.
Seismic facies refers to the sedimentation unit of a distinguishable yardstick of earthquake, is described by lithology (sand, flour sand and clay), stratal configuration (extensive alternating layers or unordered), petrographic classification (grain size, clay position and cementing) and seismic signature (p wave interval velocity, S wave velocity and density).Can find out that seismic facies is expanded traditional petrofacies concept.There is following key point:
This splitting scheme, the analysis yardstick of petrofacies is macroscopical, and earthquake is distinguishable.
This splitting scheme, with reference to rock's microstructure, not only considers rock character, have also contemplated that physical property factor (affect the grain size of pores'growth, clay position and cementing).
This splitting scheme considers the viewpoint that petrofacies and seismic elastic parameter are associated, and namely splitting scheme should be favourable by seismic elastic parameter identification and prediction.
The rock's microstructure represented according to core thin slice and the Dominated Factors of pore evolution, determine study area petrofacies splitting scheme, first can divide point physical property after lithology.After defining seismic facies type, in Depth Domain, comprehensive logging curve (GR, POR, Sg etc.) explains earthquake thing phase.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art in the low technological deficiency of low porosity and low permeability area dessert prediction rate, the invention discloses a kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir.
Utilize a method for earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir, comprise following steps:
The micromechanism of the core thin slice in step 1. analytical sampling region and pore evolution factor, the logging trace in conjunction with sample area carries out classification according to earthquake thing facies type and explanation to sample area rock stratum;
Step 2., according to the aboveground P-wave And S log data of sample area, obtains offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter set A, according to the correlativity with earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity, from A, filters out useful data;
By offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter according to the classification of far away, near angle, respectively as horizontal, ordinate, using earthquake thing facies type, factor of porosity as the 3rd, fourth dimension degree, build four-dimensional coordinate system, useful data is substituted into above-mentioned four-dimensional coordinate system, set up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template;
Step 3. is according to the distribution of data in step 2 by earthquake thing facies type, the second horizontal ordinate and second ordinate vertical with the second horizontal ordinate delimited in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, described second horizontal ordinate and the second ordinate is utilized to carry out coordinate replacement to the data point in the four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in step 2, obtain new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template, identify the judgement relation F2 of earthquake thing facies type and new elastic impedance parameter according to new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template;
Step 4. is finally inversed by far away, the near angular variation of target area apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, according to step 2 to the 3 new elastic impedance Parameter analysis templates obtaining based target area measure parameter, utilize F2 to judge the earthquake thing facies type of target area, obtain the earthquake thing phase data body of target area.
Preferably, in described step 1, earthquake thing facies type is classified according to a class reservoir, two class reservoirs, dry sand rock and mud stone.
Preferably, REI11 and REI38 is respectively as offset distance elastic impedance parameter that is horizontal, ordinate in described step 2.
Preferably, the sample area logging trace in described step 1 has gamma curve, porosity curve and spontaneous potential curve at least.
Preferably, in described step 3, the demarcation method of the second horizontal ordinate is: utilize the useful data point in step 2 in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, simulate a fitting a straight line, then the angle of the second horizontal ordinate and this fitting a straight line is 60-90 degree, and all useful datas point is all positioned at the homonymy of the second horizontal ordinate.
Adopt the method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir of the present invention, without inverted porosity data, the object of dessert prediction can be reached.Simultaneously, Rock physical analysis is carried out mutually with earthquake thing, by phase (sedimentary facies, Diagenetic Facies) thought controlled is in rock physics research, not only be conducive to speed-factor of porosity genetic classification statistics, improve the conversion precision of elastic parameter-reservoir parameter, be also conducive to the statistical study of other elastic parameter relations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to a kind of embodiment schematic diagram that earthquake thing is classified mutually in step 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template of the present invention for the concrete data of an example;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the of the present invention new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template obtained based on Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is in a target area, by carrying out log analysis to sample area relatively little in target area, find out the earthquake thing phase of sample area and the rule of log data, and this rule is applied to whole target area, realize the quick dessert analysis to whole target area.For achieving the above object, need first to carry out DATA REASONING in target area, comprise aboveground P-wave And S log data, and obtain the offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter in whole target area.
The method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The micromechanism of the core thin slice in step 1. analytical sampling region and pore evolution factor, the logging trace in conjunction with sample area carries out classification according to earthquake thing facies type and explanation to sample area rock stratum.
Step 1 carries out the classification of earthquake thing facies type to the rock stratum of target area, earthquake thing is classified mutually can according to lithology and physical property classification, and so-called lithology, namely forms the principal ingredient of rock stratum, can sandstone, mud stone etc. be divided into, the classification of lithology is easily obtained in conjunction with prior art according to core thin slice.For physical property, the rock stratum dessert probability of occurrence large due to factor of porosity is high, therefore major concern factor of porosity wherein and the origin cause of formation thereof here.The factor of porosity origin cause of formation explaining different depth is conducive to according to the analysis of core thin slice, such as in more shallow rock stratum, hole agensis may be because calcitic cementation effect causes, and in darker rock stratum, hole is destroyed is because compaction causes sandstone particle to become a little-linearly contact.
As shown in Figure 1, represent the increase of formation depth from top to bottom, article four, curve is respectively gamma curve (GR), spontaneous potential curve (SP), porosity curve (POR) and gas saturation curve (SG), the square column that on the right of Fig. 1, length is different successively decreases according to length and is respectively a class reservoir, two class reservoirs, dry sand rock and Sandy Silt.According to state of the art, POR and SG curve there is peak value may for reservoir, in FIG, POR and SG all occurs that the place of obvious peak-peak is marked as a class reservoir, all there is peak value but peak value less be two class reservoirs, residue rock stratum is then dry sand rock and Sandy Silt, such as, according to spontaneous potential curve SP, occurs that the place of forward peak value is labeled as Sandy Silt at SP.Wherein the factor of porosity of a class reservoir is significantly greater than two class reservoirs, occurs that the probability of dessert is also maximum.
At least need in step 1 to use gamma curve (GR), spontaneous potential curve (SP), porosity curve (POR) is carried out thing to the rock stratum of sample area and is classified mutually, and in general trend is roughly the same for SG curve and POR curve, can not analyze separately SG curve.
Step 2., according to the aboveground P-wave And S log data of sample area, obtains offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter set A, according to the correlativity with earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity, from A, filters out useful data.
By offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter according to the classification of far away, near angle, respectively as horizontal, ordinate, using earthquake thing facies type, factor of porosity as the 3rd, fourth dimension degree, build four-dimensional coordinate system, useful data is substituted into above-mentioned four-dimensional coordinate system, set up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template.
Carry out after earthquake thing classifies mutually to the rock stratum of sample area, measure the aboveground P-wave And S log data of sample area, obtain offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter set A, useful data is filtered out according to the correlativity with earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity from A, here correlativity refers in A, with the parameter in the angle of earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity sensitivity, namely with the earthquake thing different point be changed significantly mutually, as useful data.
Using far away, nearly angular variation apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, earthquake thing facies type, factor of porosity as first to fourth dimension, build four-dimensional coordinate system, useful data is substituted into above-mentioned four-dimensional coordinate system, set up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template.
Go out an embodiment as shown in Figure 2, using REI11 as horizontal ordinate, REI38 is as ordinate, the shape of data point is as earthquake thing facies type, the gray scale of data point as factor of porosity parameter (gray scale of factor of porosity characterizes with reference to not drawing in fig. 2), as a four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template.Wherein REI11 and REI38 represents that angle is the offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter of 11 degree and 38 degree respectively.In the embodiment of fig. 2, select these two angles be because these two angles offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter to factor of porosity and earthquake thing facies type the most responsive.
Step 3. is according to the distribution of data in step 2 by earthquake thing facies type, the second horizontal ordinate and second ordinate vertical with the second horizontal ordinate delimited in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, described second horizontal ordinate and the second ordinate is utilized to carry out coordinate replacement to the data point in the four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in step 2, obtain new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template, identify the judgement relation F2 of earthquake thing facies type and new elastic impedance parameter according to new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template.
The object of coordinate transform realizes can distinguishing earthquake thing facies type according to a parameter.
In earthquake thing phase calculation process, the recognition technology of earthquake thing phase is very crucial, if splitting scheme None-identified on seismic elastic parameter of an earthquake thing phase, does not just reach the object of reservoir prediction.Earthquake thing phase body is the synthesis of lithology and physical property, and generally a certain elastic parameter is subject to lithology, physical property two factors and be difficult to distinguish respective contribution simultaneously, and single parameter identification earthquake thing phase ability of immigrants is limited.
Two parameters linearly can being combined to form a new argument for this reason, by finding the suitable anglec of rotation, making the new argument of generation have maximum separating capacity mutually to earthquake thing.Such as, in Fig. 2, nearly angular variation apart from elastic impedance reflection hole and fluid ratio more responsive, and angular variation far away is more responsive apart from impedance reflection lithology, and after rotation of coordinate, a kind of new elastic parameter of formation effectively can distinguish different earthquake thing phase.
To the delimitation Main Basis of the second horizontal ordinate be delimit after new coordinate system can realize namely carrying out earthquake thing facies type from a coordinate object of clear judgement.A kind of preferred implementation is that utilize the useful data point in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, simulate a fitting a straight line, approximating method can be least square method.Then the angle of the second horizontal ordinate and this fitting a straight line is between 60-90 degree, and all useful datas point is all positioned at the homonymy of the second horizontal ordinate.Second ordinate is vertical with the second horizontal ordinate, and new initial point value there is no particular determination, usually can drop within general log data scope.Inventor, according to many experiments, confirms to adopt aforesaid way to rule the second horizontal ordinate, can realize the clear identification of earthquake thing phase preferably.
To the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, by the position of the second horizontal ordinate in former coordinate system delimited and slope, after also delimiting ordinate and initial point, according to existing mathematical formulae, the conversion realizing horizontal ordinate can be easy to, be specially in figure 3,
AVOIMP=0.9067*REI11-0.4026*REI38-7078
AVOIMP is new elastic impedance parameter, as the horizontal ordinate transforming rear Fig. 3.REI11, REI38 are horizontal stroke, the ordinate of four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in Fig. 2, obtain Fig. 3 after conversion.
Fig. 3 for the data point according to Fig. 2 carry out coordinate transform after the new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template that obtains, horizontal ordinate is new elastic impedance parameter AVOIMP, ordinate can be REI11 or REI38 or other parameters be applicable to, and such as, in Fig. 3, ordinate is stratum density.Classify mutually owing to can be easy to carry out earthquake thing according to horizontal ordinate, therefore here ordinate to get what physical quantity realistic meaning little, as seen from Figure 3, the sphere shaped markup that the overwhelming majority is masked as reservoir is positioned at the left side of AVOIMP=10, can draw, under new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template, as long as judge that relation F2 is less than 10 as AVOIMP described in step 3, then think reservoir point.
Step 4. is finally inversed by far away, the near angular variation of target area apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, according to step 2 to the 3 new elastic impedance Parameter analysis templates obtaining based target area measure parameter, utilize F2 to judge the earthquake thing facies type of target area, obtain the earthquake thing phase data body of target area.
After obtaining judgement relation F2 according to sample area, be finally inversed by far away, the near angular variation of target area apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, inverting can utilize far away, the near angular variation measured in advance to carry out apart from superposition of data and ray elastic impedance inversion technique well known in the art.Subsequently far away, the near angular variation of whole target area is processed apart from ray elastic impedance parameter according to the similar approach in step 2 and step 3, namely according to the correlativity with earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity, filter out useful data, by offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter according to the classification of far away, near angle, respectively as horizontal, ordinate, using earthquake thing facies type, factor of porosity as the 3rd, fourth dimension degree, build four-dimensional coordinate system, useful data is substituted into above-mentioned four-dimensional coordinate system, set up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template; According to coordinate replacement formula F1, the horizontal stroke in the four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in step 2, ordinate are replaced subsequently, obtain the new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template about target area.
Utilize in step 3 and the new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template of judgement relation F2 to target area that sample area well logging data analysis obtains is analyzed, screen out reservoir data fast, example such as according to Fig. 3, in the new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template of target area, as long as AVOIMP is less than 10, then think reservoir point without exception, realize predicting the reservoir distribution of whole target area, generate the earthquake thing phase data body of target area.
The present invention is based on classification and the explanation of earthquake thing phase information, four-dimension analysis is carried out to log data, utilize and four-dimensional coordinate system is set up to earthquake thing responsive data point of classifying mutually, simple reservoir basis for estimation is clearly obtained again by coordinate conversion, promote in whole target area, sxemiquantitative solves reservoir properties forecasting problem, reaches dessert prediction object.
Adopt the method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir of the present invention, without inverted porosity data, utilize single parameter to judge to reach the object of quicklook prediction dessert.Simultaneously, Rock physical analysis is carried out mutually with earthquake thing, by phase (sedimentary facies, Diagenetic Facies) thought controlled is in rock physics research, not only be conducive to speed-factor of porosity genetic classification statistics, improve the conversion precision of elastic parameter-reservoir parameter, be also conducive to the statistical study of other elastic parameter relations.
Previously described is each preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferred implementation in each preferred embodiment is if not obviously contradictory or premised on a certain preferred implementation, each preferred implementation can stack combinations use arbitrarily, design parameter in described embodiment and embodiment is only the invention proof procedure in order to clear statement inventor, and be not used to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention is still as the criterion with its claims, the equivalent structure change that every utilization instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done, in like manner all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. utilize a method for earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps
The micromechanism of the core thin slice in step 1. analytical sampling region and pore evolution factor, the logging trace in conjunction with sample area carries out classification according to earthquake thing facies type and explanation to sample area rock stratum;
Step 2., according to the aboveground P-wave And S log data of sample area, obtains offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter set A, according to the correlativity with earthquake thing facies type and factor of porosity, from A, filters out useful data;
By offset distance ray elastic impedance parameter according to the classification of far away, near angle, respectively as horizontal, ordinate, using earthquake thing facies type, factor of porosity as the 3rd, fourth dimension degree, build four-dimensional coordinate system, useful data is substituted into above-mentioned four-dimensional coordinate system, set up four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template;
Step 3. is according to the distribution of data in step 2 by earthquake thing facies type, the second horizontal ordinate and second ordinate vertical with the second horizontal ordinate delimited in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, described second horizontal ordinate and the second ordinate is utilized to carry out coordinate replacement to the data point in the four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template in step 2, obtain new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template, identify the judgement relation F2 of earthquake thing facies type and new elastic impedance parameter according to new elastic impedance Parameter analysis template;
Step 4. is finally inversed by far away, the near angular variation of target area apart from ray elastic impedance parameter, according to step 2 to the 3 new elastic impedance Parameter analysis templates obtaining based target area measure parameter, utilize F2 to judge the earthquake thing facies type of target area, obtain the earthquake thing phase data body of target area;
In described step 1, earthquake thing facies type is classified according to a class reservoir, two class reservoirs, dry sand rock and mud stone;
In described step 3, the demarcation method of the second horizontal ordinate is: utilize the useful data point in step 2 in four-dimensional Rock physical analysis template, simulate a fitting a straight line, then the angle of the second horizontal ordinate and this fitting a straight line is 60-90 degree, and all useful datas point is all positioned at the homonymy of the second horizontal ordinate.
2. a kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, is respectively REI11 and REI38 in described step 2 as offset distance elastic impedance parameter that is horizontal, ordinate.
3. a kind of method utilizing earthquake thing phase body predicting reservoir as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sample area logging trace in described step 1 has gamma curve, porosity curve and spontaneous potential curve at least.
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| CN104675392B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-11-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of reservoir lithology recognition methods based on prestack multi-parameter dimensionality reduction |
| CN104714247B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pre-stack and post-stack linkage attribute interpretation method |
| CN104698500A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-06-10 | 成都乔依赛斯石油科技有限公司 | Method for predicting reservoir lithogenous phase through geology and logging information |
| CN107179562B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-08-06 | 恒泰艾普集团股份有限公司 | Method for predicting reservoir under phased petrophysical model guidance |
| CN107367762B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining reservoir parameters |
| CN110208858B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-04-28 | 中南大学 | Method and system for directly estimating 'sweet spot' probability based on pre-stack inversion |
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