CN111075990B - Vacuum valve for die casting - Google Patents
Vacuum valve for die casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075990B CN111075990B CN201911335250.XA CN201911335250A CN111075990B CN 111075990 B CN111075990 B CN 111075990B CN 201911335250 A CN201911335250 A CN 201911335250A CN 111075990 B CN111075990 B CN 111075990B
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001398 aluminium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K51/00—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus
- F16K51/02—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus specially adapted for high-vacuum installations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum valve for die casting, which consists of a movable die mounting part and a fixed die mounting part, wherein: the movable die mounting part is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, and the right end face of a valve block of the movable die mounting part is a plane; the quiet mould installing part is located movable mould installing part right to fixed mounting is on die casting die's quiet mould, and includes middle valve body and servo piston, wherein: the middle valve body is fixed with the end valve body and is positioned between the movable die mounting part and the end valve body; the top of the middle valve body is provided with a filter, and the filter is connected with a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump of the valve gradually and furthest pumps air in the die-casting die cavity and the aluminum water control cavity, so that casting defects of air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like of a die-casting piece in the die-casting die cavity are avoided to the greatest extent, and the qualification rate of the die-casting piece is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy die casting, and particularly relates to a vacuum valve for die casting.
Background
In aluminum alloy die casting, molten aluminum is poured after a movable die and a static die are assembled, and then an aluminum alloy die casting is obtained through a series of processes. In the process of every day of die casting, the die is preheated in the cold die state of the die at low temperature, and the die-cast product belongs to a waste product. The die is in a hot die state after being fully preheated, and the die-cast product is a production product at the moment. However, during die casting, air is contained in the die cavity, so that the air is retained in the product, the product has defects of air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like, and the rejection rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a vacuum valve for die casting, which is used for evacuating air in a die cavity of a die casting die as much as possible when die casting is carried out, and the qualification rate of die casting products is greatly improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a vacuum valve for die casting, characterized in that: the device consists of a movable die mounting part (A) and a fixed die mounting part (B), wherein: the movable die mounting part (A) is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, and the right end face of a valve block (1) of the movable die mounting part (A) is a plane;
the static die mounting part (B) is positioned on the right of the movable die mounting part (A), is fixedly mounted on a static die of a die-casting die and comprises a middle valve body (2) and a servo piston (14), wherein: the middle valve body (2) is fixed with the end valve body (3), and the middle valve body (2) is positioned between the movable die mounting part (A) and the end valve body (3); the top of the middle valve body (2) is provided with a filter (4), and the filter (4) is connected with a vacuum pump; the middle valve body (2) is sequentially provided with a vertical exhaust hole (2a), an upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), a horizontal mounting blind hole (2c), a middle horizontal starting hole (2d), a pre-tightening rod horizontal mounting hole and a lower horizontal blind hole (2e) from top to bottom, the left surface of the middle valve body (2) is provided with an aluminum water control cavity (2f), the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity is provided with an aluminum water inlet notch, the opening end of the aluminum water control cavity (2f) can be sealed by a valve block (1), and the left ends of the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), the middle horizontal starting hole (2d) and the pre-tightening rod horizontal mounting hole are communicated with the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity (2 f);
the upper end of the vertical exhaust hole (2a) is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter (4), and the lower end of the vertical exhaust hole (2a) is communicated with the middle part of the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2 b); an exhaust hole bushing (5) is coaxially fixed in the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), and a through air hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the vertical exhaust hole (2a), of the exhaust hole bushing (5); an exhaust piston (6) is in sliding fit with the exhaust hole lining (5), and an annular exhaust groove (6a) is formed in the outer circular surface of the exhaust piston (6); the right end of the horizontal installation blind hole (2c) is open, and a vacuum stop piston (7) is matched in the horizontal installation blind hole in a sliding manner; a starting piston (8) is matched in the middle horizontal starting hole (2d) in a sliding mode, the starting piston is of a multi-section stepped shaft structure, a middle piston (9) is movably sleeved on the starting piston (8), and the middle piston (9) is formed by coaxially connecting a disc-shaped part on the left side and a shaft neck part on the right side; the central part of the left disc surface of the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is attached to a large-diameter section (8a) on the starting piston (8), the edge part of the left disc surface of the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is attached to the right end of the vacuum stopping piston (7), and a buffer disc (10) is movably sleeved on the shaft neck of the right part of the middle piston (9); the buffer disc (10) is formed by coaxially connecting a disc part on the left and a shaft neck part on the right, wherein: the disc-shaped part of the buffer disc (10) can be attached to the disc-shaped part of the intermediate piston (9), a return spring (11) is sleeved on the journal part of the buffer disc (10), the return spring (11) is clamped between the disc-shaped part of the buffer disc (10) and a guide disc (12), and the guide disc (12) is fixed in a mounting hole in the end valve body (3); a pre-tightening rod (13) is slidably matched in a horizontal mounting hole of the pre-tightening rod of the middle valve body (2), the left end of the pre-tightening rod (13) can be contacted with the right end face of the valve block (1), and the right end of the pre-tightening rod (13) is always contacted with the left disc face of the buffer disc (10); the right end of the lower horizontal blind hole (2e) is open, the servo piston (14) is in sliding fit in the lower horizontal blind hole and is of a two-section stepped shaft structure, a clamping groove in a large-diameter section is in clamping fit with a disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9), and the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is in clamping fit with a clamping groove in the exhaust piston (6) at the same time; a return spring (15) is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the servo piston (14), one end of the return spring is abutted against the step surface of the servo piston (14), and the other end of the return spring (15) is abutted against a blind hole in the end valve body (3);
the tip valve body (3) top is equipped with cold mould control air pipe connector (16), hot mould control air pipe connector (17) and vacuum sensor erection joint (18), wherein: a vacuum degree sensor is arranged on the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint (18), the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint (18) is communicated with the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b) through a detection hole (3a) in the end valve body (3), and the vacuum degree in the aluminum water control cavity (2f) is detected through the vacuum degree sensor; the cold die control air pipe joint (16) is used for connecting a cold die control air pipe, the cold die control air pipe joint (16) is communicated with a horizontal mounting blind hole in the middle valve body (2) through a cold die air channel on the end valve body (3) and the middle valve body (2), and pushes the vacuum stop piston (7) to move rightwards through control air; the hot die control air pipe joint (17) is used for being connected with a hot die control air pipe, is communicated with a lower horizontal blind hole (2e) in the middle valve body (2) through a hot die air channel in the end valve body (3) and the middle valve body (2), and pushes the servo piston (14) to overcome the elasticity of the return spring (15) to move rightwards through control air.
Preferably, the return spring (11) is a disc spring, and the return spring (15) is a cylindrical spring.
In the scheme, two horizontal mounting holes of the pre-tightening rod are formed and are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Has the advantages that: when the valve is used, the valve is arranged on a die-casting die, and a small part of molten aluminum enters an molten aluminum control cavity when the valve is die-cast in a cold die state or a hot die state; when the die-casting die is in a cold die state, the exhaust piston can effectively prevent molten aluminum from blocking an exhaust channel, and the normal work of the valve is ensured; when the die casting die is in the hot die state, the vacuum pump gradually and furthest takes out the air in die casting die cavity and the molten aluminum control cavity to furthest avoids the casting defects such as air hole, shrinkage porosity and the like to appear in the die casting die cavity, and then improves the qualification rate of die casting by a wide margin, and this valve simple structure, each part mutually supports and cooperates, forms an inseparable organic whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of fig. 3 with the intermediate valve body removed.
Fig. 5 is a view in the direction C of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a vacuum valve for die casting is composed of a movable die mounting part a and a stationary die mounting part B, wherein: the movable die mounting part A is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, and the right end face of the valve block 1 of the movable die mounting part A is a plane. A lifting ring 20 is arranged on the top of the valve block 1.
The static die mounting part B is positioned on the right of the movable die mounting part A, is fixedly mounted on a static die of the die-casting die and mainly comprises a middle valve body 2 and a servo piston 14. Wherein: the intermediate valve body 2 is fixedly connected with the end valve body 3, and the intermediate valve body 2 is positioned between the movable die mounting part a and the end valve body 3. The top of the middle valve body 2 is provided with a filter 4, the filter 4 is connected with a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is a purchased part and is not shown in the figure, and the vacuum pump is used for pumping air in the aluminum water control cavity. The middle valve body 2 is sequentially provided with a vertical exhaust hole 2a, an upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, a horizontal installation blind hole 2c, a middle horizontal starting hole 2d, a pre-tightening rod horizontal installation hole and a lower horizontal blind hole 2e from top to bottom. The left surface of middle valve body 2 has aluminium water control chamber 2f, and the bottom in this aluminium water control chamber has aluminium water and gets into the breach, and opens respectively on die casting die's the movable mould and the quiet mould has aluminium water to flow out the breach, and the position that aluminium water flows out the breach is corresponding with aluminium water entering breach. The open end of the aluminum water control cavity 2f can be sealed by the valve block 1, and the left ends of the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, the middle horizontal starting hole 2d and the horizontal installation hole of the pre-tightening rod are communicated with the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity 2 f.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the upper end of the vertical exhaust hole 2a is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter 4, and the lower end of the vertical exhaust hole 2a is communicated with the middle of the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2 b. An exhaust hole lining 5 is coaxially fixed in the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, and a through air hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the vertical exhaust hole 2a, of the exhaust hole lining 5. An exhaust piston 6 is slidably fitted in the exhaust hole bushing 5, and an annular exhaust groove 6a is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust piston 6. When the exhaust piston 6 moves to the left in place, the aluminum water control cavity 2f is communicated with the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump through the annular exhaust groove 6a and the air passing hole on the exhaust hole bushing 5. When the exhaust piston 6 moves rightwards to a proper position, the annular exhaust groove 6a is in contact with the exhaust hole bushing 5 for sealing, so that the aluminum water control cavity 2f is not communicated with the vacuum pump.
The right end of the horizontal installation blind hole 2c is open, and a vacuum stop piston 7 is matched in the horizontal installation blind hole in a sliding way; a starting piston 8 is matched in the middle horizontal starting hole 2d in a sliding way, and the starting piston is in a multi-section type stepped shaft structure. An intermediate piston 9 is looped on the actuating piston 8, and the intermediate piston 9 is formed by coaxially connecting a left disk portion and a right journal portion. The central part of the left disc surface of the disc part of the intermediate piston 9 is jointed with the large-diameter section 8a on the starting piston 8, the edge part of the left disc surface of the disc part of the intermediate piston 9 is jointed with the right end of the vacuum stopping piston 7, and a buffer disc 10 is movably sleeved on the shaft neck of the right part of the intermediate piston 9. And, the large diameter section 8a is fitted with the right orifice of the middle horizontal activation hole 2d, thereby limiting the stroke of the left movement of the activation piston 8.
The buffer disk 10 is formed by coaxially connecting a disk portion on the left and a journal portion on the right, wherein: the disk part of the buffer disk 10 can be attached to the disk part of the intermediate piston 9, a return spring 11 is sleeved on the journal part of the buffer disk 10, the return spring 11 is clamped between the disk part of the buffer disk 10 and a guide disk 12, and the guide disk 12 is fixed in a mounting hole on the end valve body 3; a pre-tightening rod 13 is in sliding fit in a horizontal mounting hole of the pre-tightening rod of the middle valve body 2, the left end of the pre-tightening rod 13 can be in contact with the right end face of the valve block 1, and the right end of the pre-tightening rod 13 is always in contact with the left disc face of the buffer disc 10. In the scheme, two horizontal mounting holes of the pre-tightening rod are formed and are positioned on the same horizontal plane. The pre-tightening rod 13 is of a two-section stepped shaft structure with a small left part and a large right part, and the stepped surface of the pre-tightening rod can be tightly attached to the right end face of the middle valve body 2, so that the stroke of the pre-tightening rod 13 moving leftwards is limited.
The right end of the lower horizontal blind hole 2e is open, a servo piston 14 is matched in the lower horizontal blind hole in a sliding mode, the servo piston is of a two-section stepped shaft structure, a clamping groove in a large-diameter section is matched with a disc-shaped portion of the middle piston 9 in a clamping mode, and the disc-shaped portion of the middle piston 9 is matched with a clamping groove in the exhaust piston 6 in a clamping mode; the small diameter section of the servo piston 14 is sleeved with a return spring 15, one end of the return spring is abutted against the step surface of the servo piston 14, and the other end of the return spring 15 is abutted against a blind hole in the end valve body 3.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the top of the end valve body 3 is provided with a cold mold control air pipe joint 16, a hot mold control air pipe joint 17 and a vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18, and the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18 is positioned between the cold mold control air pipe joint 16 and the hot mold control air pipe joint 17. Wherein: the vacuum sensor mount 18 is fitted with an off-the-shelf vacuum sensor, not shown. The vacuum degree sensor mounting connector 18 is communicated with the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b through a detection hole 3a on the end valve body 3, and then the vacuum degree in the aluminum water control cavity 2f is detected through a vacuum degree sensor so as to judge the air degree in the die-casting die cavity and the aluminum water control cavity 2 f.
The cold mould control air pipe joint 16 is used for connecting a cold mould control air pipe, and the cold mould control air pipe joint 16 is communicated with a horizontal mounting blind hole on the middle valve body 2 through a cold mould air channel on the end valve body 3 and the middle valve body 2 and pushes the vacuum stop piston 7 to move rightwards through control air. The hot die control air pipe joint 17 is used for connecting a hot die control air pipe, is communicated with the lower horizontal blind hole 2e on the middle valve body 2 through a hot die air passage on the end valve body 3 and the middle valve body 2, and pushes the servo piston 14 to move rightwards by overcoming the elasticity of the return spring 15 through control air. In the present case, the return spring 11 is a disc spring, and the return spring 15 is a cylinder spring. In the present case, the cold mold control air pipe joint 16 and the hot mold control air pipe joint 17 are alternately used, specifically: when the die-casting die is in a cold die state, the cold die controls the air pipe joint 16 to be used, the hot die controls the air pipe joint 17 not to be used, and a die-cast product in the state is a waste product; when the die-casting die is in a hot die state, the cold die control air pipe joint 16 is not used, the hot die control air pipe joint 17 is used, the vacuum degree sensor on the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18 is used, and the die-casting product in the state is a required product.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
during installation, the movable die installation part A is fixedly installed on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves together with the movable die, and the static die installation part B is fixedly installed on a static die of the die-casting die. The movable die and the static die of the die-casting die are respectively provided with an aluminum water outflow notch, and the position of the aluminum water outflow notch corresponds to the position of the aluminum water inflow notch.
2, whether the die-casting die is in a cold die state or a hot die state, and when a movable die and a static die of the die-casting die are tightly attached to a die, a movable die mounting part A and a static die mounting part B are tightly attached to each other; at this time, the valve block 1 pushes the pre-tightening rod 13 to the right, and pushes the buffer disk 10 to the right through the pre-tightening rod 13, so that the buffer disk 10 moves to the right against the elastic force of the return spring 11, so that the buffer disk 10 is separated from the contact with the intermediate piston 9, and the intermediate piston 9 moves to the right and gives way.
The method comprises the following steps that 1, when a die-casting die is in a cold die state and the die-casting die is closed, molten aluminum enters the die-casting die and simultaneously enters an molten aluminum control cavity 2f of the die-casting die; at this time, the vacuum pump is started to evacuate air in the aluminum water control chamber 2 f. Meanwhile, the cold die controls the starting of the air pipe joint 16, the air pipe connected with the cold die control air pipe joint 16 supplies air, the control air pushes the vacuum stop piston 7 to move rightwards, the vacuum stop piston 7 pushes the middle piston 9 rightwards, the middle piston 9 drives the exhaust piston 6 to move rightwards, the aluminum water control cavity 2f, the annular exhaust groove 6a, the air through hole in the exhaust hole bush 5, the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump are not communicated gradually, the valve is closed, and the vacuum pump stops working at the moment. After this valve is closed, just can prevent that the aluminium water from getting into in the gas pocket, the vertical exhaust hole 2a on annular exhaust recess 6a, the exhaust hole bush 5, prevent to block up the passageway after the aluminium water cooling, guarantee the normal use of this valve. After die casting, the die is demolded, the movable die mounting part A and the static die mounting part B are separated, all moving parts of the static die mounting part B move according to the condition of the description 1, and finally, the die casting in the aluminum water control cavity 2f of the valve and the die casting die are manually taken down and discarded.
And 2, when the cold die state runs for a period of time, the die-casting die is changed from the cold die state to the hot die state, and the product die-cast by the die-casting die is the desired product. When the die-casting die is closed, the movable die mounting part A and the static die mounting part B of the valve are tightly attached, and the molten aluminum enters the die-casting die and simultaneously enters the molten aluminum control cavity 2 f. At this time, the vacuum pump is started to evacuate air in the aluminum water control chamber 2 f. After the aluminum water flows to the middle horizontal starting hole 2d, the starting piston 8 is pushed to move rightwards, the starting piston 8 drives the middle piston 9 to move rightwards by using the large-diameter section 8a, the middle piston 9 drives the servo piston 14 to move rightwards for a certain distance, so that abdication is realized, and the control of gas entering the lower horizontal blind hole 2e to be pushed is facilitated. At the moment, the hot die controls the starting of the air pipe joint 17, the hot die controls the air pipe connected with the air pipe joint 17 to supply air, the control air enters the lower horizontal blind hole 2e to push the servo piston 14 to move rightwards against the elastic force of the return spring 15, the servo piston 14 drives the exhaust piston 6 to move rightwards through the middle piston 9, the aluminum water control cavity 2f, the annular exhaust groove 6a, the air through hole in the exhaust hole bushing 5, the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump are not communicated gradually, and therefore the valve is closed, and the vacuum pump stops working at the moment. Before the vacuum pump stops working, the vacuum pump continuously and furthest pumps air in the die-casting die cavity and the aluminum water control cavity 2f so as to furthest pump air in the die-casting die cavity, thereby greatly avoiding the die-casting product from producing casting defects such as air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like and further greatly improving the qualification rate of the die-casting product. And after the die casting is finished, taking down the die casting in the die-casting die cavity, leaving the factory after the subsequent processing procedure is finished, and scrapping the die casting in the aluminum water control cavity 2 f.
The invention also discloses a method for reducing the die-casting defects of the air holes of the die-casting piece, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a: a die-casting vacuum valve is designed, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, and consists of a movable die mounting part a and a fixed die mounting part B, wherein: the movable die mounting part A is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, and the right end face of a valve block 1 of the movable die mounting part A is a plane;
quiet mould installation part B is located movable mould installation part A right to fixed mounting is on die casting die's quiet mould, and includes middle valve body 2 and servo piston 14, wherein: the middle valve body 2 is fixed with the end valve body 3, and the middle valve body 2 is positioned between the movable die mounting part A and the end valve body 3; the top of the middle valve body 2 is provided with a filter 4, and the filter 4 is connected with a vacuum pump; the middle valve body 2 is sequentially provided with a vertical exhaust hole 2a, an upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, a horizontal installation blind hole 2c, a middle horizontal starting hole 2d, a pre-tightening rod horizontal installation hole and a lower horizontal blind hole 2e from top to bottom, the left surface of the middle valve body 2 is provided with an aluminum water control cavity 2f, the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity is provided with an aluminum water inlet gap, the open end of the aluminum water control cavity 2f can be sealed by the valve block 1, and the left ends of the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, the middle horizontal starting hole 2d and the pre-tightening rod horizontal installation hole are communicated with the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity 2 f;
the upper end of the vertical exhaust hole 2a is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter 4, and the lower end of the vertical exhaust hole 2a is communicated with the middle part of the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2 b; an exhaust hole bushing 5 is coaxially fixed in the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b, and a through air hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the vertical exhaust hole 2a, of the exhaust hole bushing 5; an exhaust piston 6 is in sliding fit with the exhaust hole bushing 5, and an annular exhaust groove 6a is formed in the outer circular surface of the exhaust piston 6; the right end of the horizontal installation blind hole 2c is open, and a vacuum stop piston 7 is in sliding fit in the horizontal installation blind hole; a starting piston 8 is matched in the middle horizontal starting hole 2d in a sliding mode, the starting piston is of a multi-section stepped shaft structure, a middle piston 9 is movably sleeved on the starting piston 8, and the middle piston 9 is formed by coaxially connecting a disc-shaped part on the left side and a shaft neck part on the right side; the central part of the left disc surface of the disc part of the middle piston 9 is jointed with the large-diameter section 8a on the starting piston 8, the edge part of the left disc surface of the disc part of the middle piston 9 is jointed with the right end of the vacuum stopping piston 7, and a shaft neck at the right part of the middle piston 9 is movably sleeved with a buffer disc 10; the buffer disk 10 is formed by coaxially connecting a disk portion on the left and a journal portion on the right, wherein: the disk part of the buffer disk 10 can be attached to the disk part of the intermediate piston 9, a return spring 11 is sleeved on the journal part of the buffer disk 10, the return spring 11 is clamped between the disk part of the buffer disk 10 and a guide disk 12, and the guide disk 12 is fixed in a mounting hole on the end valve body 3; a pre-tightening rod 13 is in sliding fit in a horizontal mounting hole of the pre-tightening rod of the middle valve body 2, the left end of the pre-tightening rod 13 can be in contact with the right end face of the valve block 1, and the right end of the pre-tightening rod 13 is always in contact with the left disc face of the buffer disc 10; the right end of the lower horizontal blind hole 2e is open, a servo piston 14 is matched in the lower horizontal blind hole in a sliding mode, the servo piston is of a two-section stepped shaft structure, a clamping groove in a large-diameter section is matched with a disc-shaped portion of the middle piston 9 in a clamping mode, and the disc-shaped portion of the middle piston 9 is matched with a clamping groove in the exhaust piston 6 in a clamping mode; a return spring 15 is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the servo piston 14, one end of the return spring abuts against the step surface of the servo piston 14, and the other end of the return spring 15 abuts against a blind hole in the end valve body 3;
as shown in fig. 1-5, a cold mold control air pipe joint 16, a hot mold control air pipe joint 17 and a vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18 are mounted on the top of the end valve body 3, wherein: a vacuum degree sensor is arranged on the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18, the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint 18 is communicated with the upper horizontal exhaust hole 2b through a detection hole 3a on the end valve body 3, and the vacuum degree in the aluminum water control cavity 2f is detected through the vacuum degree sensor; the cold mould control air pipe joint 16 is used for connecting a cold mould control air pipe, the cold mould control air pipe joint 16 is communicated with a horizontal mounting blind hole on the middle valve body 2 through a cold mould air channel on the end valve body 3 and the middle valve body 2, and pushes the vacuum stop piston 7 to move rightwards through control air; the hot die control air pipe joint 17 is used for connecting a hot die control air pipe, is communicated with a lower horizontal blind hole 2e on the middle valve body 2 through a hot die air passage on the end valve body 3 and the middle valve body 2, and pushes the servo piston 14 to move rightwards by overcoming the elasticity of the return spring 15 through control air;
step b: the movable die mounting part A is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, the static die mounting part B is fixedly mounted on a static die of the die-casting die, and the position of an aluminum water inlet notch corresponds to the position of an aluminum water outlet notch on the die-casting die;
step c: when the die casting is started in the morning every day, the die casting die is in a low-temperature cold die state; after the die-casting die is closed, the molten aluminum enters the die-casting die and simultaneously enters the molten aluminum control cavity 2 f; at the moment, the vacuum pump is started to pump out air in the aluminum water control cavity 2 f; meanwhile, the cold die controls the starting of the air pipe joint 16, the cold die controls the air pipe connected with the air pipe joint 16 to supply air, the control gas pushes the vacuum stop piston 7 to move rightwards, the vacuum stop piston 7 pushes the middle piston 9 rightwards, the middle piston 9 drives the exhaust piston 6 to move rightwards, the aluminum water control cavity 2f, the annular exhaust groove 6a, the air through hole in the exhaust hole bush 5, the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump are not communicated gradually, and at the moment, the vacuum pump stops working; after die casting, demolding the die, separating the movable die mounting part A from the static die mounting part B, and finally manually taking down and scrapping die castings in the aluminum water control cavity 2f and the die casting die;
step d: when the cold die state runs for a period of time, the die-casting die is changed from the cold die state to the hot die state, and the product die-cast by the die-casting die is the desired product; after the die-casting die is closed, the movable die mounting part A and the static die mounting part B are tightly attached, and molten aluminum enters the die-casting die and the molten aluminum control cavity 2 f; at the moment, the vacuum pump is started to pump out air in the aluminum water control cavity 2 f; after the aluminum water flows to the middle horizontal starting hole 2d, the starting piston 8 is pushed to move rightwards, the starting piston 8 drives the middle piston 9 to move rightwards by using the large-diameter section 8a, and the middle piston 9 drives the servo piston 14 to move rightwards by a certain distance; at the moment, the hot die controls the starting of the air pipe joint 17, the hot die controls the air pipe connected with the air pipe joint 17 to supply air, the control air enters the lower horizontal blind hole 2e to push the servo piston 14 to move rightwards against the elastic force of the return spring 15, the servo piston 14 drives the exhaust piston 6 to move rightwards through the middle piston 9, and the aluminum water control cavity 2f, the annular exhaust groove 6a, the air through hole in the exhaust hole lining 5, the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump are not communicated gradually; before the vacuum pump stops working, the vacuum pump continuously and furthest pumps air in the die-casting die cavity and the aluminum water control cavity 2f so as to furthest pump air in the die-casting die cavity and greatly avoid the die-casting product from generating air holes and shrinkage porosity casting defects; and after the die casting is finished, taking down the die casting in the die-casting die cavity, leaving the factory after the subsequent processing procedure is finished, and scrapping the die casting in the aluminum water control cavity 2 f.
In the method, no matter the die-casting die is in a cold die state or a hot die state, when a movable die and a static die of the die-casting die are separated, a movable die mounting part A and a static die mounting part B are separated; at this time, under the action of the return spring 11, the buffer disc 10 is tightly attached to the middle piston 9; the servo piston 14 moves to the limit position to the left under the action of the return spring 15 and drives the exhaust piston 6 and the middle piston 9 to move to the limit position to the left, and the middle piston 9 drives the vacuum stop piston 7 and the starting piston 8 to move to the limit position to the left; and, pretension rod 13 is pushed to the left to the limit position by buffer disk 10. At this time, the aluminum water control chamber 2f is communicated with the vertical exhaust hole 2a and the vacuum pump through the annular exhaust groove 6a, the air passing hole on the exhaust hole bushing 5, and the vacuum pump can pump air.
Whether the die-casting die is in a cold die state or a hot die state, and when a movable die and a static die of the die-casting die are tightly attached to a die, a movable die mounting part A and a static die mounting part B are tightly attached; at this time, the valve block 1 pushes the pre-tightening rod 13 to the right, and pushes the buffer disk 10 to the right through the pre-tightening rod 13, so that the buffer disk 10 moves to the right against the elastic force of the return spring 11, so that the buffer disk 10 is separated from the contact with the intermediate piston 9, and the intermediate piston 9 moves to the right and gives way.
The vacuum valve of the method is arranged on a die-casting die, and a small part of molten aluminum enters an molten aluminum control cavity when the die-casting is carried out in a cold die state or a hot die state; when the die-casting die is in a cold die state, the exhaust piston can effectively prevent molten aluminum from blocking an exhaust channel, and the normal work of the valve is ensured; when the die-casting die is in a hot die state, the vacuum pump gradually and furthest pumps air in a die-casting die cavity and an aluminum water control cavity, so that casting defects of air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like of a die-casting piece in the die-casting die cavity are avoided to the greatest extent, the qualification rate of the die-casting piece is greatly improved, the vacuum valve of the method is simple in structure, and all parts are matched and cooperated with one another to form an inseparable organic whole.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A vacuum valve for die casting, characterized in that: the device consists of a movable die mounting part (A) and a fixed die mounting part (B), wherein: the movable die mounting part (A) is fixedly mounted on a movable die of the die-casting die and moves along with the movable die, and the right end face of a valve block (1) of the movable die mounting part (A) is a plane;
the static die mounting part (B) is positioned on the right of the movable die mounting part (A), is fixedly mounted on a static die of a die-casting die and comprises a middle valve body (2) and a servo piston (14), wherein: the middle valve body (2) is fixed with the end valve body (3), and the middle valve body (2) is positioned between the movable die mounting part (A) and the end valve body (3); the top of the middle valve body (2) is provided with a filter (4), and the filter (4) is connected with a vacuum pump; the middle valve body (2) is sequentially provided with a vertical exhaust hole (2a), an upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), a horizontal mounting blind hole (2c), a middle horizontal starting hole (2d), a pre-tightening rod horizontal mounting hole and a lower horizontal blind hole (2e) from top to bottom, the left surface of the middle valve body (2) is provided with an aluminum water control cavity (2f), the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity is provided with an aluminum water inlet notch, the opening end of the aluminum water control cavity (2f) can be sealed by a valve block (1), and the left ends of the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), the middle horizontal starting hole (2d) and the pre-tightening rod horizontal mounting hole are communicated with the bottom of the aluminum water control cavity (2 f);
the upper end of the vertical exhaust hole (2a) is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter (4), and the lower end of the vertical exhaust hole (2a) is communicated with the middle part of the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2 b); an exhaust hole bushing (5) is coaxially fixed in the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b), and a through air hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the vertical exhaust hole (2a), of the exhaust hole bushing (5); an exhaust piston (6) is in sliding fit with the exhaust hole lining (5), and an annular exhaust groove (6a) is formed in the outer circular surface of the exhaust piston (6); the right end of the horizontal installation blind hole (2c) is open, and a vacuum stop piston (7) is matched in the horizontal installation blind hole in a sliding manner; a starting piston (8) is matched in the middle horizontal starting hole (2d) in a sliding mode, the starting piston is of a multi-section stepped shaft structure, a middle piston (9) is movably sleeved on the starting piston (8), and the middle piston (9) is formed by coaxially connecting a disc-shaped part on the left side and a shaft neck part on the right side; the central part of the left disc surface of the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is attached to a large-diameter section (8a) on the starting piston (8), the edge part of the left disc surface of the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is attached to the right end of the vacuum stopping piston (7), and a buffer disc (10) is movably sleeved on the shaft neck of the right part of the middle piston (9); the buffer disc (10) is formed by coaxially connecting a disc part on the left and a shaft neck part on the right, wherein: the disc-shaped part of the buffer disc (10) can be attached to the disc-shaped part of the intermediate piston (9), a return spring (11) is sleeved on the journal part of the buffer disc (10), the return spring (11) is clamped between the disc-shaped part of the buffer disc (10) and a guide disc (12), and the guide disc (12) is fixed in a mounting hole in the end valve body (3); a pre-tightening rod (13) is slidably matched in a horizontal mounting hole of the pre-tightening rod of the middle valve body (2), the left end of the pre-tightening rod (13) can be contacted with the right end face of the valve block (1), and the right end of the pre-tightening rod (13) is always contacted with the left disc face of the buffer disc (10); the right end of the lower horizontal blind hole (2e) is open, the servo piston (14) is in sliding fit in the lower horizontal blind hole and is of a two-section stepped shaft structure, a clamping groove in a large-diameter section is in clamping fit with a disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9), and the disc-shaped part of the middle piston (9) is in clamping fit with a clamping groove in the exhaust piston (6) at the same time; a return spring (15) is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the servo piston (14), one end of the return spring is abutted against the step surface of the servo piston (14), and the other end of the return spring (15) is abutted against a blind hole in the end valve body (3);
the tip valve body (3) top is equipped with cold mould control air pipe connector (16), hot mould control air pipe connector (17) and vacuum sensor erection joint (18), wherein: a vacuum degree sensor is arranged on the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint (18), the vacuum degree sensor mounting joint (18) is communicated with the upper horizontal exhaust hole (2b) through a detection hole (3a) in the end valve body (3), and the vacuum degree in the aluminum water control cavity (2f) is detected through the vacuum degree sensor; the cold die control air pipe joint (16) is used for connecting a cold die control air pipe, the cold die control air pipe joint (16) is communicated with a horizontal mounting blind hole in the middle valve body (2) through a cold die air channel on the end valve body (3) and the middle valve body (2), and pushes the vacuum stop piston (7) to move rightwards through control air; the hot die control air pipe joint (17) is used for connecting a hot die control air pipe, is communicated with a lower horizontal blind hole (2e) on the middle valve body (2) through a hot die air channel on the end valve body (3) and the middle valve body (2), and pushes the servo piston (14) to overcome the elasticity of the return spring (15) to move rightwards through control air; the return spring (11) is a disc spring, and the return spring (15) is a cylindrical spring; the number of the horizontal mounting holes of the pre-tightening rod is two, and the two horizontal mounting holes are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
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| CN201911335250.XA CN111075990B (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Vacuum valve for die casting |
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| CN111075990B true CN111075990B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| JPS5285020A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1977-07-15 | Sadakichi Sugimura | Method of vacuum die casting |
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| CN106286975A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-01-04 | 上海万泰汽车零部件有限公司 | Drawing-Core vacuum valve and using method thereof for die casting |
| CN206997742U (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 重庆瀚立机械制造有限公司 | A kind of die casting vacuum extraction valve |
| CN108480596A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-04 | 宁波北仑益鸣企业管理服务有限公司 | A kind of vacuum valve air extractor for die casting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5285020A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1977-07-15 | Sadakichi Sugimura | Method of vacuum die casting |
| JPS5426919A (en) * | 1977-08-02 | 1979-02-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vacuum diecast apparatus |
| CN202174231U (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-03-28 | 鞍山海望真空设备制造有限公司 | Mechanical twin-core vacuumizing valve |
| CN202591582U (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-12-12 | 上海普莱克斯自动设备制造有限公司 | Vacuum valve |
| CN106180630A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-12-07 | 方达雷克斯公司 | Die casting evacuation valve assembly |
| CN106286975A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-01-04 | 上海万泰汽车零部件有限公司 | Drawing-Core vacuum valve and using method thereof for die casting |
| CN206997742U (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 重庆瀚立机械制造有限公司 | A kind of die casting vacuum extraction valve |
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| CN111075990A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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Address after: 401121 No.1, East Section of Tianshan Avenue, Yubei District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing Yujiang Die Casting Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400000 No.1, east section of Tianshan Avenue, Liangjiang New District, Chongqing Patentee before: CHONGQING YUJIANG DIE-CASTING Co.,Ltd. |
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