CN111074058A - Quenching process method for nodular cast iron grinding balls - Google Patents
Quenching process method for nodular cast iron grinding balls Download PDFInfo
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- CN111074058A CN111074058A CN201911367437.8A CN201911367437A CN111074058A CN 111074058 A CN111074058 A CN 111074058A CN 201911367437 A CN201911367437 A CN 201911367437A CN 111074058 A CN111074058 A CN 111074058A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding ball heat treatment, in particular to a quenching process method for a nodular cast iron grinding ball, wherein a quenching device used in the method comprises a water tank, servo motors are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank, a screw rod is fixed at the output shaft end of each servo motor, sliding blocks are in threaded connection with the surface of each screw rod, a rectangular block is fixed between the two sliding blocks, downward through holes are formed in the top end of each rectangular block at equal intervals along the length direction of the rectangular block, and first spray pipes are arranged at the bottom of each through hole at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of; according to the invention, the high-speed gas is sprayed out of the first spray pipe through the arrangement of the air compressor and the first spray pipe, so that the grinding balls are in a suspension state under the action of the high-speed gas, and thus the grinding balls are uniformly cooled in the contact process of the grinding balls with air and water, the problem of uneven heat transfer caused by the contact of the grinding balls and parts is avoided, and the quenching quality of the grinding balls is further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding ball heat treatment, and particularly relates to a quenching process method of a nodular cast iron grinding ball.
Background
The ductile iron is a high-strength cast iron material developed in the 20 th century and the fifties, the comprehensive performance of the ductile iron is close to that of steel, and the ductile iron is successfully used for casting parts which are complex in stress and high in requirements on strength, toughness and wear resistance based on the excellent performance of the ductile iron. Nodular cast iron has rapidly evolved to a very widely used cast iron material second only to gray cast iron.
The important grinding medium in the ball mill is the grinding balls in the cylinder of the ball mill, and all materials ground by the ball mill are completed by the mutual impact friction among the grinding balls. Therefore, the quality and material of the grinding balls are very important.
The grinding ball is basically formed by casting, and then the metal structure in the grinding ball is controlled by a subsequent heat treatment process so as to achieve the effect of improving the performance of the grinding ball, the grinding ball needs to be quenched after being formed by casting, and when the large-diameter grinding ball is quenched, the problem of uneven surface hardness of the grinding ball due to uneven cooling of the surface of the grinding ball easily caused by the large surface area of the large-diameter grinding ball occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the quenching device used in the quenching method enables the first spray pipe to spray high-speed gas through the arrangement of the air compressor and the first spray pipe, so that the grinding balls are in a suspension state under the action of the high-speed gas, the grinding balls are uniformly cooled in the contact process of the grinding balls with air and water, the problem of uneven heat transfer caused by the contact of the grinding balls and parts is solved, and the quenching quality of the grinding balls is further ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a quenching process method of a ductile cast iron grinding ball, which comprises the following steps:
s1: fixing a quenching device on the ground, starting the quenching device to enable an air compressor to spray high-speed airflow, putting grinding balls to be quenched into a rectangular block on the quenching device, enabling the grinding balls to be in a suspension state under the action of the air in a first spray pipe, enabling the grinding balls not to be in direct contact with parts used in quenching, enabling the surfaces of the grinding balls to be uniformly cooled, putting the rectangular block into a water tank, and enabling the independent grinding balls not to collide with each other, so that the surface damage probability of the grinding balls is reduced;
s2: cooling the grinding ball in the S1 for 5-50 seconds after the grinding ball is immersed in water, so that the grinding ball is cooled for 1-10 minutes in the air, quenching cracks caused by too high cooling speed are avoided, and the grinding ball is cooled in the air, so that on one hand, the temperature equalization effect is achieved, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the grinding ball is reduced, the internal stress of the grinding ball is reduced, cracking is prevented, and on the other hand, carbon distribution can be performed;
s3: immersing the air-cooled grinding balls in the S2 into water again, repeating for many times, putting the grinding balls into an isothermal tempering furnace for isothermal tempering after the grinding balls become normal temperature, taking out the grinding balls for many times to slow down the cooling speed of the grinding balls, so that the probability of generating cracks on the surfaces of the grinding balls is reduced, wherein the isothermal tempering temperature is 200-;
wherein, the quenching device used in S1 comprises a water tank, servo motors are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank, a screw rod is fixed on the output shaft end of each servo motor, slide blocks are connected with the surface of each screw rod in a threaded manner, a rectangular block is fixed between the two slide blocks, downward through holes are equidistantly arranged at the top end of each rectangular block along the length direction of the rectangular block, a first spray pipe is equidistantly arranged at the bottom of each through hole along the circumferential direction of the through hole, the axis of the first spray pipe is intersected with the axis of the through hole, the output end of the first spray pipe bends towards the direction far away from the water tank, the axis of the first spray pipe and the axis of the through hole form an angle of 45 degrees, an air compressor is installed on the side wall of the rectangular block, the output end of the air compressor is communicated with the first spray pipe through, when the grinding ball is used, the grinding ball is basically formed by casting, and the metal structure in the grinding ball is controlled by a subsequent heat treatment process so as to achieve the effect of improving the performance of the grinding ball, the grinding ball needs to be quenched after the casting forming, and when the large-diameter grinding ball is quenched, the problem that the surface of the grinding ball is cooled unevenly so that the surface hardness of the grinding ball is uneven due to the large surface area of the large-diameter grinding ball is easily caused; by arranging the quenching device, when the quenching device is used, the air compressor is started through the controller, so that the air output by the air compressor enters the air pipe, and the air entering the air pipe is sprayed out of the first spray pipe; then putting the grinding balls to be quenched into the through holes from the top ends of the through holes, and pushing the grinding balls by gas sprayed from the first spray pipe in the process that the grinding balls move downwards, so that the grinding balls are accelerated and then decelerated in the descending process, and the grinding balls stop moving at the position close to the first spray pipe; then the controller starts the servo motor, so that the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the screw rod drives the sliding block to move downwards; the slide block moving downwards drives the rectangular block to move downwards, so that the grinding balls in the through holes enter the inner cavity of the water tank, and the grinding balls enter cooling water in the water tank; after the grinding balls are immersed in water for quenching and cooling for 5-50 seconds, the grinding balls are moved out of the water tank, the surface temperature of the grinding balls is controlled to be 200-500 ℃ when water is discharged, then the grinding balls are cooled in the air for 1-10 minutes, and the grinding balls are completely cooled repeatedly for many times; the arrangement of the invention ensures that the grinding ball is not contacted with parts used in the quenching process, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven surface temperature of the grinding ball and ensuring the quenching efficiency of the grinding ball; cooling in air to realize temperature equalization, reduce the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the grinding ball, reduce the internal stress of the grinding ball and prevent cracking; meanwhile, the grinding balls are separated independently, so that mutual collision of the grinding balls is avoided, and the damage probability of the grinding balls is reduced.
Preferably, two symmetrical fixed plates are fixed on the side wall of the water tank, a guide plate is movably mounted between the fixed plates, a guide groove is formed in the top end of the guide plate, the bottom of the guide groove is offset to one side far away from the rectangular block, a cushion pad is fixed in the guide groove, a limiting plate is fixed on one side, close to each other, of the fixed plates, a return spring is fixed between the limiting plate and the guide plate, and an inclined surface is arranged at the bottom end of the rectangular block; the inclined plane of the rectangular block moves upwards in the process that the rectangular block moves to the highest position, so that the guide plate is extruded to the direction of the rectangular block under the action of the return spring; the guide plate is squeezed to the bottom of the rectangular block by the return spring, and meanwhile, the controller controls the air compressor to stop working, so that the grinding balls fall from the through holes and fall onto the guide plate; the grinding balls falling into the guide grooves move out of the set guide rail or the set slide rail under the guidance of the guide grooves, so that the grinding balls are transferred, and manual operation is reduced; the setting of blotter makes the ball can not damaged by the striking when contacting with the deflector, and the skew setting of guide way makes the ball can not bump with the screw rod at the in-process that removes, has guaranteed that the ball surface can not receive the injury.
Preferably, a vertical air bag is fixed between the sliding block and the water tank, two spray pipes are installed in the through holes and communicated with an inner cavity of the air bag through air pipes, the two spray pipes are used for spraying air to enable the grinding balls to rotate, when the grinding ball quenching device is used, the grinding balls are kept still or slightly shake during quenching, and uneven surface temperature distribution of the grinding balls is easily caused by uneven temperature distribution of water or air around the grinding balls; the air bag is extruded in the process that the sliding block moves downwards, so that the gas in the air bag is extruded into the air pipe, and the gas entering the air pipe enters the second spray pipe; gas in the second spray pipe is sprayed out and impacts the grinding balls, so that the grinding balls rotate, and the grinding balls are fully contacted with water or air; the rotation of the grinding ball changes the surface position of the grinding ball, so that the surface of the grinding ball keeps the same temperature under the action of different temperatures, and the quenching uniformity of the grinding ball is further ensured.
Preferably, the output end of the second spray pipe inclines towards the direction far away from the water tank, the included angle between the axis of the second spray pipe and the axis of the through hole is 70-80 degrees, and when the grinding ball cleaning device is used, if the output end of the second spray pipe is over against a grinding ball, the thrust of gas is easy to be overlarge, so that the position of the grinding ball is greatly deviated, and the floating failure of the grinding ball is further caused; the deflection angle of the second nozzle is set to be 70-80 degrees, so that the gas sprayed out of the second nozzle is tangent to the edge of the grinding ball, the grinding ball cannot deviate while rotating, and the normal floating of the grinding ball is guaranteed.
Preferably, more than two spray heads are arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the water tank along the length direction of the inner cavity of the water tank, the spray heads are communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag through connecting pipes, when the water tank is used, the water temperature of water above the water tank is higher when the grinding balls are quenched in the water tank, and the water at a lower temperature is positioned at the bottom of the water tank, so that the quenching effect is weakened; through the arrangement of the spray head, the slide block extrudes the air bag in the downward movement process, so that the gas in the air bag enters the spray head after passing through the connecting pipe; the gas sprayed from the spray head drives the liquid to flow in the process of moving in water, so that the water with lower temperature at the bottom of the water tank moves upwards, and the water with higher temperature at the top of the water tank moves downwards; the water flow keeps the water temperature balanced, so that the temperature of the grinding balls is reduced more quickly, and the time required for quenching is reduced.
Preferably, the through hole is internally provided with an installation groove which inclines towards the direction of the water tank, a limiting spring is arranged in the installation groove, and an electromagnet is fixed at the free end of the limiting spring; through the arrangement of the electromagnet, the electromagnet is turned on in the process that the grinding ball descends, so that the electromagnet generates suction to the grinding ball, and the working pressure of the air compressor is reduced; when the electromagnet attracts the grinding ball, the grinding ball attracts the electromagnet downwards, so that the electromagnet extends out of the mounting groove, and the distance between the electromagnet and the grinding ball is closer; the distance between the electromagnet and the grinding ball is shortened, so that the action effect of the electromagnet is improved, and the working pressure of the air compressor is further reduced; after the grinding ball falls onto the guide plate, the electromagnet returns to the mounting groove under the action of the limiting spring, and the electromagnet is prevented from blocking the next grinding ball.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding balls, the quenching device used in the method enables the first spray pipe to spray high-speed gas through the arrangement of the air compressor and the first spray pipe, so that the grinding balls are in a suspension state under the action of the high-speed gas, the grinding balls are uniformly cooled in the contact process of the grinding balls and air and water, the problem of uneven heat transfer caused by the contact of the grinding balls and parts is avoided, and the quenching quality of the grinding balls is further ensured.
2. According to the quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball, the quenching device used in the method enables the gas sprayed from the spray head to mix cooling water through the arrangement of the air bag and the spray head, so that the water temperature of the cooling water is kept uniform, and the quenching uniformity is further ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a quenching apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a quenching apparatus used in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at B;
in the figure: the device comprises a water tank 1, a servo motor 2, a screw rod 3, a sliding block 4, a rectangular block 5, a through hole 6, a first spray pipe 7, an air compressor 8, a fixing plate 9, a guide plate 10, a guide groove 11, a limiting plate 12, a return spring 13, an air bag 14, a second spray pipe 15, a spray head 16, a limiting spring 17 and an electromagnet 18.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the quenching process of the ductile cast iron grinding ball comprises the following steps:
s1: fixing a quenching device on the ground, starting the quenching device to enable an air compressor to spray high-speed airflow, placing grinding balls to be quenched into a rectangular block 5 on the quenching device, enabling the grinding balls to be in a suspension state under the action of air in a first spray pipe 7, enabling the grinding balls not to be in direct contact with parts used in quenching, enabling the surfaces of the grinding balls to be uniformly cooled, putting the rectangular block 5 into a water tank, enabling the independent grinding balls not to collide with each other, and reducing the surface damage probability of the grinding balls;
s2: cooling the grinding ball in the S1 for 5-50 seconds after the grinding ball is immersed in water, so that the grinding ball is cooled for 1-10 minutes in the air, quenching cracks caused by too high cooling speed are avoided, and the grinding ball is cooled in the air, so that on one hand, the temperature equalization effect is achieved, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the grinding ball is reduced, the internal stress of the grinding ball is reduced, cracking is prevented, and on the other hand, carbon distribution can be performed;
s3: immersing the air-cooled grinding balls in the S2 into water again, repeating for many times, putting the grinding balls into an isothermal tempering furnace for isothermal tempering after the grinding balls become normal temperature, taking out the grinding balls for many times to slow down the cooling speed of the grinding balls, so that the probability of generating cracks on the surfaces of the grinding balls is reduced, wherein the isothermal tempering temperature is 200-;
wherein, the quenching device used in S1 comprises a water tank 1, a servo motor 2 is symmetrically and fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank 1, a screw 3 is fixed on the output shaft end of the servo motor 2, sliders 4 are connected to the surface of the screw 3 in a threaded manner, a rectangular block 5 is fixed between the two sliders 4, downward through holes 6 are equidistantly arranged at the top end of the rectangular block 5 along the length direction of the rectangular block, a first spray pipe 7 is equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the through hole 6 along the circumferential direction of the through hole 6, the axis of the first spray pipe 7 is intersected with the axis of the through hole 6, the output end of the first spray pipe 7 is bent towards the direction far away from the water tank 1, the axis of the first spray pipe 7 and the axis of the through hole 6 form an angle of 45 degrees, an air compressor 8 is installed on the side wall of the rectangular block 5, the output end of the air compressor 8 is communicated with the, the controller is used for controlling the work of the quenching device, when in use, the grinding ball is basically formed by casting, and then the metal structure in the grinding ball is controlled by the subsequent heat treatment process, so as to achieve the effect of improving the performance of the grinding ball, and the grinding ball needs to be quenched after the casting forming, when the grinding ball with large diameter is quenched, the problem of uneven surface hardness of the grinding ball due to uneven cooling of the surface of the grinding ball caused by large surface area of the grinding ball with large diameter is easily caused; by arranging the quenching device, when the quenching device is used, the air compressor 8 is started through the controller, so that the gas output by the air compressor 8 enters the air pipe, and the gas entering the air pipe is sprayed out of the first spray pipe 7; then putting the grinding balls to be quenched into the through holes 6 from the top ends of the through holes, and pushing the grinding balls by gas sprayed from the first spray pipe 7 in the process that the grinding balls move downwards, so that the grinding balls are accelerated and then decelerated in the descending process, and the grinding balls stop moving at the position close to the first spray pipe 7; then the controller starts the servo motor 2, so that the servo motor 2 drives the screw rod 3 to rotate, and the screw rod 3 drives the sliding block 4 to move downwards; the slide block 4 moving downwards drives the rectangular block 5 to move downwards, so that the grinding balls in the through holes 6 enter the inner cavity of the water tank 1, and the grinding balls enter cooling water in the water tank 1; after the grinding balls are immersed in water for quenching and cooling for 5-50 seconds, the grinding balls are moved out of the water tank 1, the surface temperature of the grinding balls is controlled to be 200-500 ℃ when water is discharged, then the grinding balls are cooled in the air for 1-10 minutes, and the grinding balls are completely cooled repeatedly; the arrangement of the invention ensures that the grinding ball is not contacted with parts used in the quenching process, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven surface temperature of the grinding ball and ensuring the quenching efficiency of the grinding ball; cooling in air to realize temperature equalization, reduce the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the grinding ball, reduce the internal stress of the grinding ball and prevent cracking; meanwhile, the grinding balls are separated independently, so that mutual collision of the grinding balls is avoided, and the damage probability of the grinding balls is reduced.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, two symmetrical fixing plates 9 are fixed on the side wall of the water tank 1, a guide plate 10 is movably installed between the fixing plates 9, a guide groove 11 is formed at the top end of the guide plate 10, the bottom of the guide groove 11 is biased to a side far away from the rectangular block 5, a cushion pad is fixed in the guide groove 11, a limiting plate 12 is fixed on a side where the fixing plates 9 are close to each other, a return spring 13 is fixed between the limiting plate 12 and the guide plate 10, and an inclined surface is formed at the bottom end of the rectangular block 5, so that when the water tank is used, the inclined surface of the rectangular block 5 is in contact with the guide plate 10 in the downward movement process of the rectangular block 5, the guide plate 10 is pressed to move in a direction far away from the rectangular block 5, and the rectangular block 5 smoothly; the inclined surface of the rectangular block 5 is moved upwards in the process that the rectangular block 5 moves to the highest position, so that the guide plate 10 is extruded to the direction of the rectangular block 5 under the action of the return spring 13; the guide plate 10 is squeezed to the bottom of the rectangular block 5 by the return spring 13, and meanwhile, the controller controls the air compressor 8 to stop working, so that the grinding balls fall off from the through holes 6 and fall onto the guide plate 10; the grinding balls falling into the guide groove 11 move out of the set guide rail or slide rail under the guide of the guide groove 11, so that the grinding balls are transferred, and manual operation is reduced; the arrangement of the cushion pad enables the grinding balls not to be damaged by impact when the grinding balls are contacted with the guide plate 10, and the deviation arrangement of the guide groove 11 enables the grinding balls not to collide with the screw rod 3 in the moving process, so that the surfaces of the grinding balls are not damaged.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, a vertical air bag 14 is fixed between the slide block 4 and the water tank 1, a second spray pipe 15 is installed in each through hole 6, the second spray pipe 15 is communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag 14 through an air pipe, and the second spray pipe 15 is used for spraying air to rotate a grinding ball; the air bag 14 is pressed in the process of moving the sliding block 4 downwards, so that the air in the air bag 14 is pressed into an air pipe, and the air entering the air pipe enters the second nozzle 15; the gas in the second spray pipe 15 is sprayed out and impacts the grinding balls, so that the grinding balls rotate, and the grinding balls are fully contacted with water or air; the rotation of the grinding ball changes the surface position of the grinding ball, so that the surface of the grinding ball keeps the same temperature under the action of different temperatures, and the quenching uniformity of the grinding ball is further ensured.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the output end of the second nozzle 15 is inclined towards the direction far away from the water tank 1, the included angle between the axis of the second nozzle 15 and the axis of the through hole 6 is 70-80 degrees, when the device is used, if the output end of the second nozzle 15 is over against the grinding balls, the thrust of gas is easy to be too large, so that the positions of the grinding balls are greatly deviated, and the floating failure of the grinding balls is further caused; the deflection angle of the second nozzle 15 is set to be 70-80 degrees, so that the gas sprayed out of the second nozzle 15 is tangent to the edge of the grinding ball, the grinding ball cannot deflect while rotating, and the normal floating of the grinding ball is guaranteed.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, more than two spray heads 16 are arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the water tank 1 along the length direction thereof, the spray heads 16 are communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag 14 through connecting pipes, when in use, when the grinding balls are quenched in the water tank 1, the water temperature of the water above the water tank 1 is higher, and the water with lower temperature is positioned at the bottom of the water tank 1, so that the quenching effect is weakened; through the arrangement of the spray head 16, the slide block 4 presses the air bag 14 in the downward movement process, so that the gas in the air bag 14 enters the spray head 16 after passing through the connecting pipe; the gas sprayed from the spray head 16 drives the liquid to flow in the process of moving in the water, so that the water with lower temperature at the bottom of the water tank 1 moves upwards, and the water with higher temperature at the top of the water tank 1 moves downwards; the water flow keeps the water temperature balanced, so that the temperature of the grinding balls is reduced more quickly, and the time required for quenching is reduced.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, an installation groove inclined towards the direction of the water tank 1 is arranged in the through hole 6, a limit spring 17 is arranged in the installation groove, an electromagnet 18 is fixed at the free end of the limit spring 17, when the grinding ball grinding machine is used, the grinding ball with larger diameter has larger weight, and the requirement on the air compressor 8 is larger only through air dragging; through the arrangement of the electromagnet 18, the electromagnet 18 is opened in the process of descending the grinding balls, so that the electromagnet 18 generates suction to the grinding balls, and the working pressure of the air compressor 8 is reduced; when the electromagnet 18 attracts the grinding balls, the grinding balls attract the electromagnet 18 downwards, so that the electromagnet 18 extends out of the mounting groove, and the distance between the electromagnet 18 and the grinding balls is closer; the distance between the electromagnet 18 and the grinding ball is shortened, so that the action effect of the electromagnet 18 is improved, and the working pressure of the air compressor 8 is further reduced; after the grinding balls fall onto the guide plate 10, the electromagnet 18 returns to the mounting groove under the action of the limiting spring 17, and the electromagnet 18 is prevented from blocking the next grinding ball.
When the grinding ball is used, the grinding ball is basically formed by casting, and the metal structure in the grinding ball is controlled by a subsequent heat treatment process so as to achieve the effect of improving the performance of the grinding ball, the grinding ball needs to be quenched after the casting forming, and when the large-diameter grinding ball is quenched, the problem that the surface of the grinding ball is cooled unevenly so that the surface hardness of the grinding ball is uneven due to the large surface area of the large-diameter grinding ball is easily caused; by arranging the quenching device, when the quenching device is used, the air compressor 8 is started through the controller, so that the gas output by the air compressor 8 enters the air pipe, and the gas entering the air pipe is sprayed out of the first spray pipe 7; then putting the grinding balls to be quenched into the through holes 6 from the top ends of the through holes, and pushing the grinding balls by gas sprayed from the first spray pipe 7 in the process that the grinding balls move downwards, so that the grinding balls are accelerated and then decelerated in the descending process, and the grinding balls stop moving at the position close to the first spray pipe 7; then the controller starts the servo motor 2, so that the servo motor 2 drives the screw rod 3 to rotate, and the screw rod 3 drives the sliding block 4 to move downwards; the slide block 4 moving downwards drives the rectangular block 5 to move downwards, so that the grinding balls in the through holes 6 enter the inner cavity of the water tank 1, and the grinding balls enter cooling water in the water tank 1; after the grinding balls are immersed in water for quenching and cooling for 5-50 seconds, the grinding balls are moved out of the water tank 1, the surface temperature of the grinding balls is controlled to be 200-500 ℃ when water is discharged, then the grinding balls are cooled in the air for 1-10 minutes, and the grinding balls are completely cooled repeatedly; the arrangement of the invention ensures that the grinding ball is not contacted with parts used in the quenching process, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven surface temperature of the grinding ball and ensuring the quenching efficiency of the grinding ball; cooling in air to realize temperature equalization, reduce the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the grinding ball, reduce the internal stress of the grinding ball and prevent cracking; meanwhile, the grinding balls are separated independently, so that mutual collision of the grinding balls is avoided, and the damage probability of the grinding balls is reduced.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A quenching process method of a ductile cast iron grinding ball is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: fixing a quenching device on the ground, starting the quenching device, putting a grinding ball to be quenched into a rectangular block (5) on the quenching device, and putting the rectangular block (5) into a water tank;
s2: after the grinding ball in the S1 is immersed in water for cooling for 5-50 seconds, the grinding ball is taken out, so that the grinding ball is cooled for 1-10 minutes in the air, and quenching cracks caused by too high cooling speed are avoided;
s3: immersing the air-cooled grinding balls in the S2 into water again, repeating for many times, and putting the grinding balls into an isothermal tempering furnace for isothermal tempering after the grinding balls are changed into normal temperature;
wherein, the quenching device used in S1 comprises a water tank (1), servo motors (2) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the side walls of the water tank (1), screw rods (3) are fixed at the output shafts of the servo motors (2), slide blocks (4) are in threaded connection with the surfaces of the screw rods (3), rectangular blocks (5) are fixed between the two slide blocks (4), downward through holes (6) are equidistantly formed in the top ends of the rectangular blocks (5) along the length direction of the rectangular blocks, first spray pipes (7) are equidistantly arranged at the bottoms of the through holes (6) along the circumferential direction of the through holes (6), the shaft centers of the first spray pipes (7) are intersected with the shaft centers of the through holes (6), the output ends of the first spray pipes (7) are bent towards the direction far away from the water tank (1), the shaft centers of the first spray pipes (7) and the shaft centers of the through holes (6) form an angle of 45 degrees, and air compressors (8), the output end of the air compressor (8) is communicated with the first spray pipe (7) through an air pipe, and a controller is fixed on the side wall of the water tank (1) and used for controlling the work of the quenching device.
2. The quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: fixed plate (9) of two symmetries are fixed with to water tank (1) lateral wall, movable mounting has deflector (10) between fixed plate (9), deflector (10) top is equipped with guide way (11), the tank bottom offset direction of guide way (11) is to the one side of keeping away from rectangular block (5), guide way (11) internal fixation has the blotter, one side that fixed plate (9) are close to each other is fixed with limiting plate (12), be fixed with reset spring (13) between limiting plate (12) and deflector (10), rectangular block (5) bottom is equipped with the inclined plane.
3. The quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball according to claim 2, characterized in that: be fixed with vertical gasbag (14) between slider (4) and water tank (1), all install No. two spray tubes (15) in through-hole (6), No. two spray tubes (15) are through trachea and gasbag (14) inner chamber intercommunication, No. two spray tubes (15) are used for the blowout gas to make the ball rotation.
4. The quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball according to claim 3, characterized in that: the output end of the second spray pipe (15) inclines towards the direction far away from the water tank (1), and the included angle between the axis of the second spray pipe (15) and the axis of the through hole (6) is 70-80 degrees.
5. The quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom end of the inner cavity of the water tank (1) is provided with more than two spray heads (16) along the length direction, and the spray heads (16) are communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag (14) through connecting pipes.
6. The quenching process method of the ductile cast iron grinding ball according to claim 2, characterized in that: be equipped with the mounting groove towards water tank (1) direction slope in through-hole (6), install spacing spring (17) in the mounting groove, the free end of spacing spring (17) is fixed with electro-magnet (18).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911367437.8A CN111074058A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Quenching process method for nodular cast iron grinding balls |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911367437.8A CN111074058A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Quenching process method for nodular cast iron grinding balls |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112159886A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-01 | 樊宗坦 | Composite steel quenching process |
| CN116574873A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-11 | 美利林科技有限公司 | Alloy grinding ball high-temperature quenching equipment |
-
2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911367437.8A patent/CN111074058A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112159886A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-01 | 樊宗坦 | Composite steel quenching process |
| CN116574873A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-11 | 美利林科技有限公司 | Alloy grinding ball high-temperature quenching equipment |
| CN116574873B (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2024-02-27 | 美利林科技有限公司 | Alloy grinding ball high-temperature quenching equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |