CN111074019B - Liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with slag wool shearing and crushing functions and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with slag wool shearing and crushing functions and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111074019B CN111074019B CN201911229794.8A CN201911229794A CN111074019B CN 111074019 B CN111074019 B CN 111074019B CN 201911229794 A CN201911229794 A CN 201911229794A CN 111074019 B CN111074019 B CN 111074019B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with a slag wool shearing and crushing function and an operation method thereof, wherein the liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device comprises: the device comprises a granulation bin, a granulation system, a slag wool crushing device and a moving bed; the top wall of the granulating bin is provided with a temperature measuring device and a slag falling pipe; a granulating system is arranged in the granulating bin, the granulating system comprises a rotating cup, the rotating cup is positioned right below the slag falling pipe, and a partition wall is arranged at the position of the rotating cup; a slag cotton crushing device is arranged on the partition wall; the position of the moving bed is lower than that of the slag wool crushing device, and the moving bed comprises a shearing device and a crusher; the shearing device and the crusher are arranged in the granulating bin, the shearing device can reciprocate, and the position of the crusher is lower than that of the shearing device; the bottom of the granulating bin is provided with a bulk material stacking part; and a cooling air pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the granulating bin. The invention can efficiently crush the slag wool generated in the granulation process, reduce the occurrence of accidents and improve the recovery rate of waste heat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery, and particularly relates to a liquid slag dry granulating and waste heat recovery device with a slag wool shearing and crushing function and an operation method thereof.
Background
China is currently the largest iron and steel producing country worldwide. In 2018, the pig iron yield in China is about 7.71 million tons, which accounts for about 60% of the total world production, and blast furnace slag containing huge heat is generated in the process of smelting the pig iron. The tapping temperature of the blast furnace slag is generally between 1400 ℃ and 1550 ℃, each ton of slag contains sensible heat of (1260-1880) x 103kJ, which is equivalent to 60kg of standard coal. Under the existing iron-making technology, 0.3 ton blast furnace slag is by-produced per 1 ton pig iron, calculated by 7.71 million tons of pig iron output at present, about 2.31 million tons or more of blast furnace slag can be produced by folding, and the sensible heat amount is equivalent to about 1387.98 million tons of standard coal.
The dry slag pit cooling method and the water slag flushing method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods at present. When the dry slag pit method is used for cooling, a large amount of water vapor is generated, and simultaneously a large amount of H is released2S and SO2Gas, which corrodes buildings, damages equipment, and deteriorates the working environment. The slag flushing method wastes a large amount of water resources in the treatment process and generates SO2And H2S and other harmful gases can not effectively recover high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag. At present, the treatment modes cannot meet the urgent requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction in the steel industry, and the dry granulation method is widely favored due to the characteristics of low system energy consumption, small and uniform particle size, high added value of products and the like.
At present, in the process of granulating liquid slag by using a dry granulating technology, liquid filaments crushed from a granulator are rapidly cooled down before being crushed into slag particles due to rapid cooling, and a large amount of slag wool is formed. Slag wool is continuously accumulated around the granulator and even wound on a rotating shaft of a motor, so that the motor is blocked, the granulation process is very unfavorable, and the recovery of residual heat of molten slag by equipment is seriously influenced by the generation of the slag wool. The slag wool agglomeration can cause unsmooth particle discharge and finally block a moving bed, thereby causing serious accidents. Therefore, the generated slag wool should be cleaned in time, so that the safe and stable operation of the dry type granulation system can be ensured, and the waste heat recovery effect is enhanced.
In summary, there is a need for a new liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of cutting and breaking slag wool and an operation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with a function of shearing and crushing slag wool and an operation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the slag wool formed in the current liquid slag dry-type granulating process causes damage to a system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with the function of shearing and crushing slag wool, which comprises: the device comprises a granulation bin, a granulation system, a slag wool crushing device and a moving bed; the peripheral wall and the top wall of the granulating bin are both cooling wall surfaces; the top wall of the granulating bin is provided with a temperature measuring device and a slag falling pipe; the granulating system is arranged in the granulating bin and is used for granulating blast furnace slag falling from the slag falling pipe; the granulation system comprises a rotating cup, the rotating cup is positioned under the slag dropping pipe, and a partition wall is arranged at the rotating cup; the slag wool crushing device is arranged on the partition wall and is used for crushing slag wool falling onto the partition wall; the position of the moving bed is lower than that of the slag wool crushing device, and the moving bed comprises a shearing device and a crusher; the shearing device and the crusher are arranged in the granulation bin, the shearing device can reciprocate, and the position of the crusher is lower than that of the shearing device; the bottom of the granulating bin is a bulk material stacking part; the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature of the surface of the bulk material stacking layer in the bulk material stacking part; and a cooling air pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the granulating bin.
The invention is further improved in that the temperature measuring device is an infrared temperature measuring device.
The invention is further improved in that the slag wool crushing device is a sawtooth scraper or a shearing roller.
The invention has the further improvement that the shearing device is an interlaced shearing structure and comprises an interlaced handle, interlaced saw teeth and a connecting structure; wherein, the direction of the saw teeth is upward, and the saw teeth can be folded when the handle is close.
The invention is further improved in that a cooling medium is arranged in the shearing device; the cooling medium is gas, water or an organic medium.
A further development of the invention is that the crusher is located between the shearing device and the bulk material accumulation section.
The invention is further improved in that the cooling air duct is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and each air outlet is provided with an air cap.
The operation method of the liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovery device with the slag wool shearing and crushing function comprises the following steps:
leading the liquid blast furnace slag into a granulation bin through a slag falling pipe, and entering a revolving cup of a granulation system;
measuring the temperature of a bulk material accumulation layer of the moving bed by a temperature measuring device, and regulating and controlling a granulating system;
carrying out centrifugal crushing or blowing crushing on liquid blast furnace slag entering a rotating cup through a granulating system, and enabling the crushed slag to leave the rotating cup under the action of centrifugal force or wind force;
slag wool falling onto the partition wall is crushed by a slag wool crushing device, and the crushed slag wool falls into the moving bed under the action of gravity;
the slag wool is sheared and crushed by a shearing device and a crusher, and finally, slag particles fall into a bulk material accumulation part to complete the dry granulation and waste heat recovery of liquid slag.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the device, when the cooling speed is too low in the initial operation stage of the system, a large amount of slag wool is formed in the granulation process. The slag wool is surrounded around the rotating cup after being generated, and the slag wool crushing device on the partition wall cuts off the slag wool around the rotating cup, so that the slag wool is prevented from being agglomerated around the rotating cup, and accidents are reduced. Under the action of gravity, broken slag wool falls into the moving bed heat exchange device, the shearing device cuts up the slag wool and falls into the crusher below, the slag wool is further cut off, and the phenomenon that the slag wool is agglomerated to cause unsmooth particle discharge and block the moving bed is prevented. In the device, after the slag wool is cut off and crushed in a large quantity, the heat exchange is enhanced, and the waste heat recovery rate is improved.
Further, the slag wool crushing device is equipment with a shearing function and can be a saw-tooth scraper.
Furthermore, the shearing device is of an interlaced shearing structure, is similar to a clipper for hairdressing, and consists of an interlaced handle, interlaced saw teeth and a connecting structure, wherein the direction of the saw teeth is upward, and when the handle is close to the connecting structure, the saw teeth are folded; reciprocating on the upper part of the moving bed.
The operation method is used for operating the device, can cut and clean the generated slag wool in time, can ensure the safe and stable operation of the dry type granulation system, and can enhance the waste heat recovery effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery device with a function of shearing and crushing slag wool according to an embodiment of the invention;
in fig. 1, 1-a slag wool breaking device; 2-a slag falling pipe; 3-a granulation system; 4-a shearing device; 5-a crusher; 6-bulk material piling part; 7-infrared temperature measuring device; 8-cooling the wall surface; 9-partition wall; 10-cooling air duct; 11-blast cap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery device with slag wool shearing and breaking functions according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the slag ladle, the granulating bin arranged above, the granulating system positioned in the middle of the granulating bin, the moving bed arranged below, the slag wool crushing device and the slag discharging mechanism.
The slag ladle consists of a combustor, a slag buffer and flow measurement and control device, a stopper rod and a sizing water gap, wherein the combustor is used for preheating and heat supplementing inside the slag ladle, and the slag buffer and flow measurement and control device is used for controlling the flow rate and the flow velocity of slag. The slag discharging mechanism can discharge and collect the slag after heat exchange.
The periphery and the ceiling of the granulating bin are composed of cooling wall surfaces 8, and an infrared temperature measuring device 7 is arranged at the ceiling.
The top of the middle of the granulating bin is provided with a slag dropping pipe 2, a granulating system 3 is arranged right below the slag dropping pipe, a partition wall 9 is arranged at the position of a rotating cup of the granulating system 3, and a slag wool crushing device 1 is arranged on the partition wall 9. The slag falling pipe can be provided with a slag falling pipe fixing device, the slag falling pipe in the operation process is fixed, preheated and cooled, and meanwhile, the fixing device can also play a role in drainage under the accident state of the slag falling pipe.
For the moving bed, a shearing apparatus 4 is disposed in an upper portion thereof to reciprocate, a crusher 5 is disposed in a lower portion of the shearing apparatus 4 and an upper portion of a bulk material accumulation portion 6, and a cooling air duct 10 is disposed in a lower portion of the moving bed.
Optionally, a cooling medium can circulate in the shearing device 4, the cooling medium introduced into the handle from the outside exchanges heat with the slag particles on the upper portion of the moving bed, and if the cooling medium is a gas, a cooling medium outlet can be arranged in the moving bed to disturb the slag particles and enhance the heat exchange. The cooling medium can determine the required cooling intensity according to the treatment capacity, the environment temperature and the specific condition of the device during the integral design, the treatment capacity is mainly the flow of the blast furnace slag, the heat exchange needs to be enhanced when the flow is large, and the flow velocity and the flow of the cooling medium can be increased to increase the cooling intensity; the ambient temperature is obtained by measuring the temperature of the material layer accumulation part by a temperature measuring device, and if the material layer temperature is too high, the cooling strength needs to be increased; the specific situation of the device mainly depends on the selection and implementation of other cooling equipment, and gas, water or an organic medium is selected as a cooling medium; no cooling medium may circulate.
Optionally, the slag wool breaking device 1 is arranged on a partition wall at a rotating cup of the granulating system 3, and the device can select a horizontal or vertical staggered sawtooth scraper, a rotary type shearing roller and the like according to the material characteristics and the adaptability to the granulating system.
Optionally, a crusher 5 is arranged below the shearing device 4.
Optionally, cooling air is circulated in the cooling air duct 10, and the hood 11 is disposed above it.
The slag wool crushing process of the device comprises the following steps: blast furnace slag falls into a revolving cup of the granulating system from a slag falling pipe, slag flies out from the revolving cup, and slag cotton falling onto a partition wall falls into a moving bed below after being cut off by a slag cotton crushing device; after the slag cotton in the granulating bin is cut off by the shearing device, the slag cotton falls onto the crushers at two sides for crushing and finally falls into a bulk material accumulation part.
In the invention, in the initial operation stage of the system, when the cooling speed is too low, a large amount of slag wool is formed in the granulation process. The slag wool is surrounded around the rotating cup after being generated, and the slag wool crushing device on the partition wall cuts off the slag wool around the rotating cup, so that the slag wool is prevented from being agglomerated around the rotating cup, and accidents are reduced. Under the action of gravity, broken slag wool falls into the moving bed heat exchange device, the shearing device cuts up the slag wool and falls into the crusher below, the slag wool is further cut off, and the phenomenon that the slag wool is agglomerated to cause unsmooth particle discharge and block the moving bed is prevented. In the device, after the slag wool is cut off and crushed in a large quantity, the heat exchange is enhanced, and the waste heat recovery rate is improved.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovery system with a slag cotton shearing and crushing function. The periphery and the ceiling of the granulating bin are composed of cooling wall surfaces, an infrared temperature measuring device is arranged at the ceiling, a slag dropping pipe is arranged at the top of the middle of the granulating bin, a granulating system is arranged right below the slag dropping pipe, a partition wall is arranged at a rotating cup of the granulating system, and a slag wool crushing device is arranged on the partition wall; for the moving bed, a shearing device which reciprocates is arranged at the upper part, a crusher is arranged at the lower part of the shearing device and the upper part of the bulk material accumulation part, and a cooling air pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the moving bed. The system can efficiently crush the slag wool generated in the granulation process, reduce accidents and improve the recovery rate of waste heat.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a liquid slag waste heat recovery system, which applies the granulating and waste heat recovery device of the invention and comprises a slag buffer device, a flow control device, a centrifugal granulating device and a moving bed device; one end of the slag buffer device is connected with the slag runner, the other end of the slag buffer device is connected with the inlet end of the flow control device, the outlet end of the flow control device is connected with the inlet end of the centrifugal granulation device, and the outlet end of the centrifugal granulation device is connected with the moving bed device; after being discharged from the slag runner, the liquid slag firstly enters a slag buffer device and then sequentially passes through a flow control device, a centrifugal granulation device and a moving bed device.
The slag caching device comprises a slag ladle body and a slag ladle cover; the slag ladle cover is hermetically arranged above the slag ladle body, and a slag ladle inner cavity is formed between the slag ladle cover and the slag ladle body; one end of the slag ladle body is provided with a slag inlet, and the other end of the slag ladle body is provided with an accident slag outlet; the slag inlet is connected with the outlet end of the slag runner, and liquid slag enters the inner cavity of the slag ladle through the slag inlet; the accident slag discharge port is used for being connected with an accident diversion trench, and the accident diversion trench is communicated with the grain slag pit; a slag outlet is arranged on the side wall of the slag ladle body, and a sizing water gap is arranged in the slag outlet; one end of the sizing water gap is connected with the inner cavity of the slag ladle, and the other end of the sizing water gap is connected with the flow control device; a peephole is arranged above the accident slag discharge port; the bottom plate of the slag ladle body is obliquely arranged from the slag inlet end to the accident slag outlet end, and the included angle between the bottom plate and the horizontal plane is 5-10 degrees; one side of the slag ladle cover is provided with a burner inlet, and the burner inlet is used for installing a burner; the other side of the slag ladle cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected with the flow control device through a high-temperature flue gas channel.
The flow control device comprises an upper sealing cover, a device bottom plate, a slag falling pipe, a weir plate and a stopper rod; the upper sealing cover is arranged on the device bottom plate in a sealing way and is connected with the slag caching device; a stopper rod operation opening, an overhaul inlet and a high-temperature flue gas inlet are formed in the side wall of the upper sealing cover, the stopper rod is installed on the stopper rod operation opening, one end of the stopper rod is used for being connected with the slag outlet, and the other end of the stopper rod extends out of the outer side of the upper sealing cover; the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected with the outlet end of the high-temperature flue gas channel; a slag falling port is arranged at the bottom of the device bottom plate, one end of a slag falling pipe is connected with the slag falling port, and the other end of the slag falling pipe is connected with a centrifugal granulating device; the upper end of the slag pipe is provided with a weir plate; one side of the device bottom plate is provided with a slag discharge port which is connected with the accident diversion trench; the bottom of the device bottom plate is obliquely arranged.
The granulating device comprises a granulating bin, an annular flue gas collecting box, a granulator, a heat exchange tube bundle, a granulating air distribution pipe and a collecting flue; the granulating bin is arranged below the flow control device, and the inlet end of the granulating bin is connected with the outlet end of the flow control device; the annular smoke collecting box is arranged at the inlet end of the granulating bin, one end of the annular smoke collecting box is communicated with the granulating bin, and the other end of the annular smoke collecting box is connected with the granulating bin through a collecting flue; the granulator is arranged in the center of the interior of the granulation bin and is arranged right opposite to the outlet end of the flow control device; the heat exchange tube bundles are uniformly arranged in the granulating bin, and the granulating air distribution pipe is arranged below the heat exchange tube bundles.
Lay the membrane type water wall on the inner wall in graining storehouse, the membrane type water wall includes water wall pipe, water wall pipe side iron and air-out osculum, and water wall pipe is vertical upwards to be set up, connects through water wall pipe side iron between two adjacent water wall pipes, is provided with the air-out osculum on the water wall pipe side iron.
The moving bed device comprises a heat exchange bin, a slag cotton scraper, a flattening device, a roller crushing device and an air distribution mechanism.
The heat exchange bin is arranged below the granulating bin, the center of the heat exchange bin is provided with an installation space of the granulating device, and the granulating rotating cup is installed in the installation space; slag cotton scrapers are arranged on two sides of the granulating rotating cup and are arranged at the joint of the heat exchange bin and the granulating rotating cup; a material flattening device is arranged below the slag cotton scraper, a roller crushing device is arranged below the material flattening device, and an air distribution mechanism is arranged below the roller crushing device; the slag cotton scrapers are arranged on two sides of the granulation rotating cup in an angle of 180 degrees and adopt a zigzag structure; the slag wool scraper can reciprocate on the side surface of the granulation rotating cup, so that the slag wool around the granulation rotating cup is cut off, and the cut slag wool falls into the heat exchange bin under the action of gravity; the slag wool scraper is made of 310S stainless steel high-temperature-resistant materials. The material flattening device is arranged below the slag wool scraper and is positioned at the upper high-temperature section of the heat exchange bin; the material flattening devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the granulating rotating cup and are connected with the motor, and the material flattening devices are driven by the motor to reciprocate, so that the material bed surface is carded in a reciprocating manner, and the effect of material bed uniformity is achieved. The material leveling device adopts air-cooled rakes which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the granulation rotating cup, and the air-cooled rakes are uniformly provided with air exhaust devices.
The roller crushing device is arranged below the material flattening device and is positioned at the middle temperature part of the heat exchange bin; the roller crushing devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the granulation rotating cup, the roller crushing devices adopt a plurality of air-cooled roller crushing devices which are arranged in pairs, the air-cooled roller crushing devices are connected with two ends of the heat exchange bin, and the rotating directions of each pair of air-cooled roller crushing devices are different; the slag blocks or slag cotton clusters with larger grain diameters are cut off through the air-cooled roller crushing device, the slag blocks or slag cotton clusters with larger grain diameters form small slag blocks after being crushed by the air-cooled roller crushing device, and the small slag blocks continue to exchange heat in the heat exchange bin.
The air distribution mechanism comprises a first-stage air distribution pipe and a second-stage air distribution pipe, the first-stage air distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchange bin, and the second-stage air distribution pipe is arranged above the first-stage air distribution pipe; both ends of the first-stage air distribution pipe and the second-stage air distribution pipe are flexibly connected with the side wall of the heat exchange bin and connected with the vibration motor; a plurality of first air supply air caps are uniformly arranged on the first-stage air distribution pipe, and the distance between every two adjacent first air supply air caps is more than 2 times of the diameter of the first-stage air distribution pipe;
the second-stage air distribution pipe has three arrangement forms:
a plurality of inverted U-shaped structures are uniformly arranged on the second-stage air distribution pipe at intervals, openings of the inverted U-shaped structures are downward, the arc sections extend upward, and second air supply air caps are arranged above the arc sections of the inverted U-shaped structures;
a plurality of inverted U-shaped structures are uniformly arranged on the second-stage air distribution pipe at intervals, the openings of the inverted U-shaped structures are downward, the arc sections extend upward, and air outlets are arranged below the arc sections of the inverted U-shaped structures;
a plurality of vertical air pipes are uniformly arranged on the second-stage air distribution pipe at intervals, and air caps are arranged at the upper ends of the vertical air pipes.
Wherein, the height of the inverted U-shaped structure can extend into the material layer above 800 ℃.
According to the liquid slag waste heat recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention, liquid slag is discharged from a slag runner and then sequentially passes through a slag caching device, a flow control device, a centrifugal granulation device, a moving bed device and a slag discharging module; the waste heat recovery medium is air and water, wherein the air sequentially passes through the moving bed device, the centrifugal granulating device, the high-temperature flue and the waste heat boiler, and the water sequentially passes through the economizer, the moving bed device, the centrifugal granulating device, the waste heat boiler and the superheater heating surface module.
Liquid slag enters an inner cavity of the slag caching device from a slag inlet at the upper part of one end of the slag caching device, is discharged from a sizing water inlet arranged at the side edge of the slag caching device and flows into a liquid slag flow control device at the outer side, the flow control device is provided with a weir plate structure, and the inflowing slag stably flows into a slag falling pipe after passing through the weir plate structure and enters a centrifugal granulation module; meanwhile, a combustor inlet is arranged on the slag caching device cover and used for installing a combustor; a high-temperature flue gas outlet is formed in the other side of the slag caching device cover; the upper part of one end of the slag caching device is provided with a slag inlet, the bottom of the other end of the slag caching device is provided with an accident slag outlet, and the upper part of the slag caching device is provided with a peephole; an accident diversion trench is arranged outside the accident slag discharge port and is communicated into a water slag pit; the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag caching device is obliquely designed from a slag inlet end to an accident slag discharge end, and the included angle between the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag caching device and the horizontal plane is within the range of 5-10 degrees; the sizing water gap is positioned at the side edge of the slag caching device and has a certain distance from the bottom of the slag caching device, and a heating device is arranged at the sizing water gap; the upper part of the liquid slag flow control device is provided with a sealing cover, one side of the sealing cover is provided with a stopper rod operation device port and an overhaul inlet, the other side of the sealing cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet, and the top of the sealing cover is provided with a radar liquid level meter and an infrared thermometer; a stopper rod is arranged in the sealing cover and consists of a stopper rod head and a stopper rod, and the flow is controlled by operating the stopper rod head to be matched with the metering water gap through a stopper rod operating device opening on the outer side of the sealing cover; the bottom of the liquid slag flow control device is designed to be inclined, the included angle between the bottom of the liquid slag flow control device and the horizontal plane is 5-10 degrees, and the other end of the liquid slag flow control device is provided with a slag discharge port; a slag guide groove is arranged outside the slag discharge port and is converged into an accident diversion trench positioned at one end of the slag buffer device; the top of the slag falling pipe is provided with a weir plate structure, and the outer side of the lower slag falling pipe is provided with a heating device.
The slag buffer device can be arranged in a rectangular structure, a square-shaped structure or a circular structure according to the field space, and the flow control devices are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the slag buffer device.
The combustor inlet used for installing the combustor and arranged between the slag caching device covers is obliquely and downwards arranged at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, the other side of the slag caching device cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, the outside of the slag caching device cover is connected with a high-temperature flue gas inlet on the side edge of the sealing cover, and the pipeline is provided with a valve. The combustor adopts a single mode or a mode of multiple symmetrical arrangement and staggered arrangement. The lower part of the slag flow control device, which is positioned below the opening of the stopper rod operating device, is provided with an inclined structure to ensure that the slag of the module can be discharged completely; the periphery of the top of the slag falling pipe is provided with a weir plate structure, slag flowing into the module flows into the slag falling pipe without passing through the weir plate, the fluctuation of the liquid level inside the slag falling pipe is avoided, and the accuracy of liquid level measurement is ensured.
In the centrifugal granulating module, a membrane water-cooling wall is laid on the inner wall of the granulating bin, and the water-cooling wall is vertically arranged upwards. The middle of the water-cooling wall iron is provided with a small hole which has a certain inclination angle. The flue gas in the granulating bin is led out from the flue gas outlet gap, the led-out flue gas is collected in the flue gas annular collecting box, and finally the flue gas flows into equipment such as a waste heat boiler and the like through the collecting flue. The position of the smoke outlet gap mainly has the following two embodiments:
a) and the periphery of the top of the granulating bin is provided with a smoke outlet gap, smoke flows into the smoke annular collecting box through the smoke outlet gap on the periphery of the granulating bin, and finally the smoke annular collecting box is provided with a collecting flue to lead out the smoke.
b) And smoke outlet gaps are formed around the slag falling pipe in the center of the granulating bin, smoke flows into the smoke annular collecting box through the smoke outlet gaps in the center of the granulating bin, and finally a collecting flue is formed on the smoke annular collecting box to lead out the smoke.
The slag cotton scrapers are arranged at the connecting section of the moving bed waste heat recovery device and the granulation rotating cup, are arranged on two sides of the granulation rotating cup at 180 degrees, and are made of 310S stainless steel high-temperature-resistant materials according to the structural design of sawteeth. At the initial stage of operation of the waste heat recovery system, when the rotating speed of the granulator is too high or the temperature of equipment is too low, a large amount of slag wool is formed in the centrifugal granulation process. After the slag wool is generated, in order to prevent the slag wool from agglomerating around the rotor, a sawtooth scraper capable of reciprocating is arranged on the side surface of the rotor, and the slag wool around the rotor is cut off. The high-temperature section at the upper part of the moving bed is provided with the air cooling harrow, the air cooling harrow is arranged at two sides by adopting a symmetrical structure, the air cooling harrow is driven by a motor to comb the surface of the material layer in a reciprocating way to play a role of material layer homogenization, and meanwhile, the air cooling harrow is provided with the air exhausting devices which are symmetrically distributed to play a role of heat exchange enhancement at the high-temperature section of the bed. The lower part of the air-cooled rake, namely the middle temperature section of the moving bed, is provided with the air-cooled roller crushing device, the crushing device is the same as the air-cooled rake, the air-cooled roller crushing device and the air-cooled rake are symmetrically distributed and arranged at two ends in a bin, each pair of air-cooled rollers are driven by a motor to rotate along different directions during working, and the material layer of the moving bed is discharged more smoothly by utilizing the action of shearing force. The lower part of the moving bed, namely the low-temperature section, is provided with a multi-stage air supply hood, and on the premise of ensuring enough air supply, the distance between the air supply hood and the air supply pipe can be designed to be more than 2 times of the diameter of the air supply pipe, so that the bottom of the moving bed can not be blocked by slag blocks and slag wool. Meanwhile, an upper air supply pipe of a secondary air supply hood at the bottom of the moving bed extends upwards at certain intervals to form an inverted U-shaped air pipe. The air pipe and the side wall of the moving bed are connected through flexible connection, and the vibration motor drives the air pipe to vibrate, so that smooth discharging is guaranteed. According to the practical situation, the inverted U-shaped air pipe can be arranged high enough to enter a material layer above the medium-temperature section, so that the waste heat recovery is further enhanced.
Before the liquid slag waste heat recovery system is started, flue gas of the baking slag buffer device enters the high-temperature flue along the high-temperature flue gas outlet, firstly enters the liquid slag flow control device on the outer side, then enters the centrifugal granulating device on the lower part through the slag dropping pipe, and finally flows into the moving bed device through the centrifugal granulating device. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the system for a period of time, the waste heat recovery of the system is started. Whole flue gas plays the effect of drying the package and preheating at the in-process that gets into each waste heat recovery system, because the part of whole system comprises high temperature resistant metal mostly, and the price is expensive. If the flue gas preheating process is lacked, waste heat recovery is directly carried out, high-temperature liquid slag is in direct contact with equipment, the deformation of internal components of the system can be caused, the service life of the equipment is influenced, the maintenance cost is increased, and unnecessary economic loss is caused.
The slag caching device in the slag waste heat recovery system comprises a slag ladle, a combustion device and a flue gas pipeline; the combustion devices are arranged at the top of the slag ladle cover and are communicated with the inner cavity of the slag ladle; the side surface of the slag ladle is communicated with a flow control device, and the slag ladle body is connected with the flow control device through a high-temperature flue gas pipeline and a slag outlet; the flow control device is used for controlling the flow of the slag ladle to the flow control device;
the flow control device comprises an upper sealing cover, a device bottom plate weir plate, a slag falling pipe and a stopper rod; the upper sealing cover is also connected with the side wall of the slag ladle body in a sealing way; the bottom of the liquid slag flow measuring and controlling device is provided with a slag falling pipe, and a weir plate is arranged above the slag falling pipe.
The stopper rod comprises a stopper rod and a stopper rod head; the stopper rod operation opening is arranged on the sealing cover, the stopper rod is arranged in the stopper rod operation opening, and a stopper rod head is arranged at the end part of the stopper rod positioned in the sealing cover; a sizing water gap is arranged at the communicating part of the slag ladle and the flow control device, the stopper rod head can be inserted into the sizing water gap, and a heating device is arranged at the sizing water gap.
The flue gas pipeline comprises a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a valve; the high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the slag ladle, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is arranged on the flow control device, one end of the high-temperature flue is connected with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the other end of the high-temperature flue is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet; the high-temperature flue is provided with a valve.
The inlets of the plurality of burners are oppositely arranged or alternately arranged on the top of the slag ladle cover; each combustor inlet is provided with a combustor; the combustor inlet is arranged obliquely.
The inner part of the slag ladle is of an inclined structure from the slag inlet end to the accident slag outlet end; an accident diversion trench is arranged outside the accident slag discharge port.
The bottom plate of the flow control device is an inclined structure facing the direction of the slag dropping pipe; a heating device is arranged below the slag falling pipe; a slag discharge port is formed in the side surface of the flow control device at the position of the slag falling pipe; and a slag guide groove is arranged outside the slag discharge port and is converged into an accident diversion trench positioned at one end of the slag ladle. The top of the sealing cover is provided with a radar liquid level meter and an infrared thermometer; the side of the sealing cover is provided with an overhaul inlet.
The slag ladle is provided with the slag ladle accident slag discharge port, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the slag ladle is designed in an inclined mode, liquid slag in the inner cavity of the slag ladle can be rapidly discharged in a short time in the stage of slag discharge or accident treatment, and fillers are injected into the slag ladle accident slag discharge port under the normal operation condition; if the slag is discharged urgently, when the liquid slag in the slag ladle inner cavity needs to be discharged urgently, the filler in the slag ladle accident slag discharging port can be communicated, so that the high-temperature liquid slag in the slag ladle inner cavity is discharged quickly, and the liquid slag can be effectively prevented from being cooled and condensed in the slag ladle inner cavity; the flow area of the accident slag discharging port is the flow area after specific calculation, and can be calculated according to the actual volume of the inner cavity of the slag ladle, and basically the requirement that liquid slag is discharged from the inner cavity of the slag ladle within 3-5 minutes needs to be met; the material of the emergency deslagging metering nozzle is a high-temperature wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material, and meanwhile, the lower plane of the emergency deslagging metering nozzle is lower than the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag ladle and inclines downwards, so that the complete drainage is ensured.
One or more burners can be arranged on the side edge of the slag ladle cover according to the volume of the actual slag ladle and are used for preheating and supplementing heat to the inner cavity of the slag ladle; the outlet of the burner is inclined downwards in the slag ladle, so that the heating function is met, and meanwhile, the horizontally arranged burner is prevented from baking the same part of the slag ladle cover at high temperature, and the slag ladle cover is prevented from cracking.
The slag ladle cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet which is connected with a high-temperature flue gas inlet arranged on the side edge of a sealing cover through a high-temperature flue with a valve, so that high-temperature flue gas generated in the inner cavity of the slag ladle in the heating stage is guided into the sealing cover, a liquid slag flow control device is preheated and then is converged into a subsequent flue gas processing unit; the structure not only utilizes the smoke generated by the heat compensation preheating of the burner, but also achieves the aim of preheating the device of the flow control device, fully utilizes the heat and improves the energy utilization rate.
The bottom of the flow control device is designed to be inclined, a certain included angle is formed between the bottom of the flow control device and the horizontal plane, a slag discharging port is formed in the other end of the flow control device, and a slag guiding groove is formed in the outer portion of the slag discharging port and converges into an accident guiding groove located at one end of a slag ladle; the design of the structure of the inclined bottom surface and the slag discharging port can open the slag discharging port at the system starting stage, completely discharge the filler in the sizing water port from the slag discharging port, then seal the slag discharging port and enter the normal operation stage; meanwhile, the design of the inclined bottom surface can ensure that liquid slag is completely discharged from the flow control device in the maintenance and shutdown stages, and the residues are prevented from being bonded on the surface of equipment to cause damage.
In the invention, the top of the slag falling pipe of the flow control device is provided with a weir plate, liquid slag in the inner cavity of the slag ladle is discharged through a metering nozzle and enters the flow control device, and the slag on the bottom plate of the flow control device can only pass through the weir plate and enter the slag falling pipe when the liquid level reaches the height of the weir plate, thus entering a subsequent link; the fluctuation of the liquid level in the slag falling pipe can be reduced to a great extent through the verification of numerical simulation and experiments, the accuracy of measuring the liquid level by adopting a radar liquid level meter is improved, the flow measurement and control are more accurate, and the follow-up treatment link is also benefited.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a liquid slag dry-type granulation and waste heat recovery device with cut broken slag wool function which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a granulation bin, a granulation system (3), a slag wool crushing device (1) and a moving bed;
the peripheral wall and the top wall of the granulating bin are both cooling wall surfaces (8);
the top wall of the granulating bin is provided with a temperature measuring device and a slag falling pipe (2);
the granulating system (3) is arranged in the granulating bin, and the granulating system (3) is used for granulating blast furnace slag falling from the slag falling pipe (2); the granulating system (3) comprises a rotating cup, the rotating cup is positioned under the slag falling pipe (2), and a partition wall (9) is arranged at the rotating cup; the slag wool crushing device (1) is arranged on the partition wall (9), and the slag wool crushing device (1) is used for crushing slag wool falling onto the partition wall (9);
the position of the moving bed is lower than that of the slag wool crushing device (1), and the moving bed comprises a shearing device (4) and a crusher (5); the shearing device (4) and the crusher (5) are arranged in the granulation chamber, the shearing device (4) can reciprocate on a moving bed, and the position of the crusher (5) is lower than that of the shearing device (4);
the bottom of the granulating bin is provided with a bulk material stacking part (6); the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature of the surface of the bulk material stacking layer in the bulk material stacking part (6);
a cooling air pipeline (10) is arranged at the bottom of the granulating bin;
wherein the crusher (5) is arranged between the shearing device (4) and the bulk material stacking part (6); the cooling air pipeline (10) is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and each air outlet is provided with an air cap (11).
2. The liquid slag dry-type granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of shearing and crushing slag wool according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature measuring device is an infrared temperature measuring device (7).
3. The liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of cutting and crushing slag wool according to claim 1, characterized in that the slag wool crushing device (1) is a sawtooth scraper or a cutting roller.
4. The liquid slag dry-type granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of shearing and crushing slag wool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shearing device (4) is of a staggered shearing structure and comprises a staggered handle, staggered saw teeth and a connecting structure; wherein, the direction of the saw teeth is upward, and the saw teeth can be folded when the handle is close.
5. The liquid slag dry-type granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of shearing and crushing slag wool as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a cooling medium is arranged in the shearing device (4); the cooling medium is gas, water or an organic medium.
6. The operation method of the liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery device with the function of shearing and crushing slag wool in the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
liquid blast furnace slag is guided into a granulation bin through a slag falling pipe (2) and enters a revolving cup of a granulation system (3);
measuring the temperature of a bulk material accumulation layer of the moving bed by a temperature measuring device, and regulating and controlling the granulating system (3);
liquid blast furnace slag entering the rotating cup is centrifugally crushed or crushed by a blowing method through a granulating system (3), and the crushed slag leaves the rotating cup under the action of centrifugal force or wind force;
slag wool falling onto the partition wall (9) is crushed by the slag wool crushing device (1), and the crushed slag wool falls into the moving bed under the action of gravity;
the slag wool is sheared and crushed by a shearing device (4) and a crusher (5), and finally, slag particles fall into a bulk material accumulation part (6) to complete liquid slag dry granulation and waste heat recovery.
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| CN201911229794.8A CN111074019B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with slag wool shearing and crushing functions and operation method thereof |
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| CN201911229794.8A CN111074019B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Liquid slag dry-type granulating and waste heat recovering device with slag wool shearing and crushing functions and operation method thereof |
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| JPS5992949A (en) * | 1982-11-18 | 1984-05-29 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Slag granulation |
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