CN111073726B - Preparation method and application of micro-nano particle friction additive - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of micro-nano particle friction additive Download PDF

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CN111073726B
CN111073726B CN201911327208.3A CN201911327208A CN111073726B CN 111073726 B CN111073726 B CN 111073726B CN 201911327208 A CN201911327208 A CN 201911327208A CN 111073726 B CN111073726 B CN 111073726B
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CN111073726A (en
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孟永钢
田煜
刘宸旭
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Tsinghua University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2221/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions of monomers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

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  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a micro-nano particle friction additive, and belongs to the technical field of lubrication. The method takes micro-nano particles composed of inorganic, organic or metal as objects, and designs and modifies the surface according to the physical and chemical properties of the micro-nano particles. The particle behavior is regulated and controlled by applying a physical field, particularly an external electric field, so that the concentration distribution, adsorption behavior or conformation of the micro-nano particles in liquid or a solid-liquid interface is influenced, and further the active control on the friction or cutting process is realized. The preparation method of the invention can be used for improving metal cutting behavior as well as lubricating additives by using micro-nano particles with surface design, thereby reducing the cost caused by friction and abrasion and improving the processing precision and the production efficiency.

Description

Preparation method and application of micro-nano particle friction additive
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a micro-nano particle friction additive, and belongs to the technical field of lubrication.
Background
One of the bottleneck problems of nanoparticles as lubricity additives is poor dispersibility. In order to improve the problem, the micro-nano particle additive needs to be subjected to surface modification. The most common surface modification method is surfactant coating. Surfactant-coated nanoparticles have the following advantages over uncoated untreated nanoparticles: the presence of the surfactant layer shields van der waals forces between the nanoparticles so that the coated nanoparticles are more easily dissolved in different solvents; meanwhile, the surfactant layer can prevent the nanoparticles from directly contacting with the solid surface, so that the degradation and delamination of the nanoparticles are greatly reduced. In general, much research in the field of tribology has focused on the preparation of nanoparticles; researchers hope to realize the design and synthesis of multifunctional nanoparticle additives by an environment-friendly and scientific method.
Regarding the effect of the micro-nano particle additive in friction, researchers at home and abroad have found that most of the nano particle additives reduce the shearing force on the surface or between interfaces of a material through the physical or chemical adsorption effect, thereby realizing the lubricating effect of reducing and resisting wear; the physical or chemical adsorption is theoretically closely related to the potential difference between the surface interfaces or the action of an external physical field.
As mentioned above, the tribological process often involves changes in a variety of physical fields. Meanwhile, the control of the friction process can be realized by applying an external physical field. For example, the boundary lubrication can be effectively controlled by applying a certain electric field on the surface of the friction pair. This technical approach is called electrically controlled friction or electrically controlled boundary lubrication. Workers in the related art of tribology have been exploring for decades and achieving richer results in the study of electronically controlled boundary lubrication. For example, the influence of an electric field on the boundary lubrication characteristics of a liquid crystal lubricant was studied by Yamamura Hakka et al in Japan. U.S. s.tung and s.wang et al, 1991, reported the effect of electric fields on extreme pressure additive film forming ability in lubricating oils. Brandon et al, n.p. in 1993, uk studied the effect of changing the surface potential on tribological behaviour of mild steel in aqueous sodium octoate; and it is considered that the reason for this is that the potential changes the degree of coverage of the fatty acid on the steel surface. In 1997, Yea-Yang Su in the United states reported that the electric field was used to control the boundary lubrication film on the surface of the copper wire during drawing the copper wire, thereby reducing friction, saving energy consumption and improving production efficiency.
In China, Zhai Wenjing at the university of Harbin industry, Zhu Runsheng at the university of Beijing aerospace, and the like have also studied the boundary lubrication behavior of electric field regulation. The applicant finds in experiments that the friction coefficient of a metal/ceramic friction pair immersed in a zinc stearate suspension can be changed under the action of an external voltage, and applies for an invention patent (patent number 98111715.5), the change range of which can be changed from 0.1 when the zinc stearate suspension is electrified to 0.4-0.5 when the zinc stearate suspension is electrified, and the feasibility of on-line active control of the friction coefficient is shown. Then, they have designed an actively friction clutch with an actively controllable friction coefficient (patent No. 200510011224.3); according to the principle of electric control friction, an active control method for the friction coefficient of a metal friction pair in a surfactant aqueous solution is disclosed (patent No. 200910241957.4). Thereafter, in order to retard or even avoid electrochemical corrosion of the friction members of the friction pair in a water-based lubricating fluid, propylene carbonate and additives are also designed as the lubricating fluid, and active control of the friction coefficient between the friction pairs is realized by controlling the electric potential (patent No. 201310002692.9).
However, in many studies at home and abroad, the research object of the lubricant in the electric control friction is often a solution containing ions or polar molecules, and few reports about the application of the nanoparticle suspension to the electric control boundary lubrication are provided. And the scheme for realizing the active control of the electric control boundary lubrication by the surface design of the nano particles is not reported. The nano particles are used as common lubricating additives, and the development of the lubricating technology is strongly promoted. Therefore, it is necessary to design the structure and composition of different types of nanoparticles and perform systematic research on the electrically controlled boundary lubrication behavior of the nanoparticles, so as to develop a novel lubricant additive for lubricating oil, lubricating grease or cutting fluid, and even replace the conventional lubricant additive which is commonly used and pollutes the environment in some occasions, thereby achieving the balance of engineering application and environmental friendliness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a micro-nano particle friction additive.
The invention provides a preparation method of a micro-nano particle friction additive, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surfactant aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.1-5 g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0-0.5 mol/L to obtain a solution;
(2) adding the friction micro-nano particles into the solution obtained in the step (1), wherein the mass ratio of the friction micro-nano particles is as follows: rubbing the micro-nano particles: the solution is 1 (10-200) and the temperature is 20-60 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension;
(3) carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension liquid obtained in the step (2) for 0-30 min, and standing for 10-120 min to obtain a second suspension liquid;
(4) and (4) filtering or centrifuging the second suspension liquid obtained in the step (3), taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and naturally drying for 48 hours or heating and drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder.
In the method, the surfactant is a poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride cationic surfactant or a polystyrene sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant.
In the method, the friction micro-nano particles are molybdenum disulfide, copper or graphene.
The invention provides an application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into lubricating liquid or cutting liquid to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 0.1-20 g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain lubricating suspension;
(2) and (2) adding the lubricating suspension liquid obtained in the step (1) between an electrode and a lower sample, and applying a voltage of 0.1-30V between the electrode and the lower sample to realize control of nano particles in the lubricating suspension liquid, so that control of friction and abrasion in a friction or cutting process is realized.
In the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, the lubricating liquid or the cutting liquid is water, ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane.
In the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, when the lubricating liquid or the cutting liquid is water, the voltage applied between the electrode and the lower sample is 0.1-1V. When the lubricating fluid or the cutting fluid is ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane, the voltage applied between the electrode and the lower sample is 2-30V. In the friction device, the sample to be rubbed or cut is copper or stainless steel, and the material to be rubbed or cut is zirconia balls, silicon nitride balls or stainless steel balls with the diameter of 1-10 mm. In the preparation method, the surfactant is poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) cationic surfactant or polystyrene sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant.
In the application, the friction micro-nano particles are micro-nano particles with good lubricating and friction reducing effects, such as molybdenum disulfide, copper or graphene.
The preparation method and the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive provided by the invention have the advantages that:
the preparation method of the micro-nano particle friction additive takes micro-nano particles composed of inorganic, organic or metal as objects, and the surface is designed and modified according to the physical and chemical properties of the micro-nano particles. Dispersing the surface-modified micro-nano particles into water-based or oil-based lubricating liquid or cutting fluid; the particle behavior is regulated and controlled by applying a physical field, particularly an external electric field, so that the concentration distribution, adsorption behavior or conformation of the micro-nano particles in liquid or a solid-liquid interface is influenced, and further the active control on the friction or cutting process is realized. The preparation method of the invention can be used for improving metal cutting behavior as well as lubricating additives by using micro-nano particles with surface design, thereby reducing the cost caused by friction and abrasion and improving the processing precision and the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction device involved in the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a PDDA modified MoS in example 1 of the preparation method of the present invention2The effect of the applied electric field on the coefficient of friction control when the suspension of diethyl succinate in particles was used as a lubricating fluid is shown schematically (-20V and 0V for the lower sample copper).
FIG. 3 shows a PDDA modified MoS in example 12 of the preparation method of the present invention2The effect of the applied electric field on the coefficient of friction when a suspension of granular chlorododecane was used as the lubricating fluid is shown schematically (-20V and 0V for the lower sample copper).
In FIG. 1, 1 is an upper sample, 2 is a lubricating suspension, 3 is a lower sample, 4 is an electrode, and 5 is a power source.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a micro-nano particle friction additive, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surfactant aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.1-5 g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0-0.5 mol/L to stretch carbon chains of the surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution;
(2) adding the friction micro-nano particles into the solution obtained in the step (1), wherein the mass ratio of the friction micro-nano particles is as follows: rubbing the micro-nano particles: the solution is 1 (10-200) and the temperature is 20-60 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension;
(3) carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension liquid obtained in the step (2) for 0-30 min, and standing for 10-120 min to enable surfactant ions to be adsorbed to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension liquid;
(4) and (4) filtering or centrifuging the second suspension liquid obtained in the step (3), taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and naturally drying for 48 hours or heating and drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder.
In the preparation method, the surfactant is a poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride cationic surfactant or a polystyrene sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant.
In the preparation method, the friction micro-nano particles are micro-nano particles with good lubricating and friction reducing effects, such as molybdenum disulfide, copper or graphene.
The application of the micro-nano particle friction additive provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) adding and dispersing the micro-nano particle friction additive powder prepared by the method into lubricating liquid or cutting liquid to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 0.1-20 g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension;
(2) and (2) adding the suspension liquid obtained in the step (1) between an electrode of a friction device and a lower sample, and applying a voltage of 0.1-30V between the electrode and the lower sample to realize control of charged particles in the suspension liquid, so that control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process is realized. The schematic structure of the friction device is shown in fig. 1, wherein 1 is an upper sample for friction or cutting, 2 is a lubricating suspension, 3 is a lower sample for friction or cutting, 4 is a stainless steel or graphite electrode, and 5 is a power supply.
In the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, the lubricating liquid or the cutting liquid is water, ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane. When the lubricating fluid or the cutting fluid is water, the voltage applied between the electrode and the lower sample is 0.1-1V. When the lubricating fluid or the cutting fluid is ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane, the voltage applied between the electrode and the lower sample is 2-30V.
In the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, the sample to be rubbed or cut is copper or stainless steel, and the material to be rubbed or cut is zirconia balls, silicon nitride balls or stainless steel balls with the diameter of 1-10 mm.
In the application of the micro-nano particle friction additive, the lower sample is rubbed or cut copper or stainless steel, and the electrode is stainless steel or graphite.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 15min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. Adding the suspension into the friction device between two electrodes composed of lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel, and applying 20V voltage between the two electrodes to control the charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting processAnd (5) controlling. FIG. 2 shows the modified MoS in PDDA in this example2When the granular diethyl succinate suspension is used as a lubricating liquid, the control effect of an applied electric field on the friction coefficient is shown schematically (-20V and 0V are for lower sample copper), and as can be seen from the figure, when the lower sample copper is a negative electrode, the stainless steel sheet is a positive electrode, and the applied voltage is 20V, the friction coefficient between the lower sample copper sheet and the upper sample zirconium oxide is reduced from 0.20 to 0.08 compared with the case that the applied voltage is zero volt.
Example 2
Preparing a poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 5g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.5mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 3
Preparing polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to make carbon chains of the surfactant in the solutionSpreading to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:200, and the temperature is 60 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and graphite in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 4
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:200, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 0min, then standing for 120min, so that surfactant ions are adsorbed to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction, and obtaining a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to ensure that the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder is 1g/L,stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 5
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: rubbing the micro-nano particles: solution 1:200 at 30 ℃ gave a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 30min, then standing for 10min, so that surfactant ions are adsorbed to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction, and obtaining a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 6
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Friction ofAdding the micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and naturally drying for 48 hours to obtain the modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 7
Preparing a sodium polystyrene sulfonate aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8 g/L; adding copper particles with the particle size of about 160nm into the solution, wherein the mass ratio of the copper particles to the solution is as follows: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:100, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. Adding the suspension between two electrodes composed of copper sheet and graphite of lower sample in the friction deviceAnd a voltage of 10V is applied between the two electrodes to control the charged particles in the suspension, so that the friction and the abrasion in the friction or cutting process are controlled.
Example 8
Preparing a sodium polystyrene sulfonate aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8 g/L; adding graphene particles with the diameter of about 600nm into the solution, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene particles to the solution is as follows: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:100, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and a voltage of 30V is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 9
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; filtering the second suspension to remove particles from the waterAnd taking out the solution, and heating and drying the solution at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 0.1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 10
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 20g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 11
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing the micro-nano particle friction additive powder into water to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 0.5V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 12
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 15min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 deg.C for 12 hr to obtain modified micropowderNanoparticle friction additive powders. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into chlorododecane to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a copper sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and a voltage of 30V is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process. FIG. 3 shows the modification of MoS in PDDA2The effect of the applied electric field on the coefficient of friction when the granular chlorododecane suspension is used as the lubricating fluid is shown schematically (-20V and 0V are for the lower sample copper), and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the coefficient of friction between the lower sample copper sheet and the upper sample zirconium oxide when the lower sample copper is the negative electrode, the stainless steel sheet is the positive electrode, and the applied voltage is 20V is reduced from 0.08 to about 0.04 compared with the applied voltage of zero volts.
Example 13
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: rubbing the micro-nano particles: solution 1:20 at 30 ℃ gave a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into bis (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. ZrO with a diameter of 6.35mm using a stainless steel sheet as a lower sample2The ball is the upper sample and constitutes the friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample stainless steel sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and a voltage of 30V is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 14
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. A copper sheet was used as a lower sample, and a stainless steel ball having a diameter of 6.35mm was used as an upper sample to constitute a friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 15
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: friction micro-nanoParticles solution 1:20 at 30 ℃ gave a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. A copper sheet was used as a lower sample, and a stainless steel ball having a diameter of 10mm was used as an upper sample to constitute a friction device. The suspension is added between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, and 20V voltage is applied between the two electrodes to realize the control of charged particles in the suspension, thereby realizing the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process.
Example 16
Preparing a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.8g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.05mol/L to stretch carbon chains of a surfactant in the solution to obtain a solution; MoS with the particle size of about 900nm2Adding friction micro-nano particles into the solution according to the mass ratio: and (3) rubbing the micro-nano particles, wherein the solution is 1:20, and the temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension. Carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension for 5min, then standing for 100min, and adsorbing surfactant ions to the surface of the micro-nano particle additive through electrostatic interaction to obtain a second suspension; and filtering the second suspension, taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and heating and drying at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder. Adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into diethyl succinate to enable the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder to be 1g/L, and stirring and mixing to obtain suspension. A copper sheet was used as a lower sample, and a silicon nitride ball having a diameter of 1mm was used as an upper sample to constitute a friction device. Adding the suspension to the aboveAnd a voltage of 20V is applied between two electrodes consisting of a lower sample copper sheet and stainless steel in the friction device, so that the control of charged particles in suspension is realized, and the control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process is realized.

Claims (1)

1. The application of the micro-nano particle friction additive is characterized in that the micro-nano particle friction additive is used for controlling friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process, and comprises the following steps:
(1) adding and dispersing micro-nano particle friction additive powder into lubricating liquid or cutting liquid, and stirring and mixing to obtain lubricating suspension, wherein the mass volume concentration of the micro-nano particle friction additive powder is 0.1-20 g/L, the lubricating liquid or cutting liquid is water, ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane, when the lubricating liquid or cutting liquid is water, the voltage applied between an electrode and a lower sample is 0.1-1V, and when the lubricating liquid or cutting liquid is ester lubricating oil or chlorododecane, the voltage applied between the electrode and the lower sample is 2-30V;
the preparation method of the micro-nano particle friction additive comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a surfactant aqueous solution with the mass volume concentration of 0.1-5 g/L, and adding sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0-0.5 mol/L to obtain a solution, wherein the surfactant is a poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) cationic surfactant or a polystyrene sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant;
(b) adding the friction micro-nano particles into the solution obtained in the step (a), wherein the mass ratio of the friction micro-nano particles is as follows: rubbing the micro-nano particles: the solution is (10-200) and the temperature is 20-60 ℃, so as to obtain a first suspension, wherein the friction micro-nano particles are molybdenum disulfide, copper or graphene;
(c) carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment on the first suspension liquid obtained in the step (b) for 0-30 min, and standing for 10-120 min to obtain a second suspension liquid;
(d) filtering or centrifuging the second suspension liquid obtained in the step (c), taking out the particles from the aqueous solution, and naturally drying the particles for 48 hours or heating and drying the particles at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified micro-nano particle friction additive powder;
(2) adding the lubricating suspension liquid in the step (1) between an electrode and a lower sample, and applying a voltage of 0.1-30V between the electrode and the lower sample to realize control of nano particles in the lubricating suspension liquid, so as to realize control of friction and abrasion in the friction or cutting process, wherein the sample to be rubbed or cut is copper or stainless steel, and the material to be rubbed or cut is zirconia balls, silicon nitride balls or stainless steel balls with the diameter of 1-10 mm.
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