CN115895765A - Additive for lubricating liquid and ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid - Google Patents
Additive for lubricating liquid and ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011807 nanoball Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- JAWTVJKIBRFPKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Zn+2].C(CO)O.[Cl-] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Zn+2].C(CO)O.[Cl-] JAWTVJKIBRFPKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 butanediol-zinc chloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002113 nanodiamond Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004381 Choline salt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019417 choline salt Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- AEDFCLSZQKLJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethane-1,2-diol;2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].OCCO.C[N+](C)(C)CCO AEDFCLSZQKLJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DRHTUSJYFUOTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;propane-1,2,3-triol;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].OCC(O)CO.C[N+](C)(C)CCO DRHTUSJYFUOTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XQNZLTZMXPNJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2].OCC(O)CO Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2].OCC(O)CO XQNZLTZMXPNJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011805 ball Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Abstract
The invention provides an additive for lubricating fluid, comprising: non-isodiametric nanosphere-type materials; in the non-isodiametric nano spherical material, the weight ratio of the large-diameter nano spherical material to the small-diameter nano spherical material is 1-80; the diameter of the nano spherical material is 100-400nm. The non-isometric nano-ball type material is used as the additive, a fluid dynamic pressure lubricating film in asymmetric contact can be formed in the friction process, the direct contact between friction pairs is effectively inhibited, and the functions of friction reduction and wear resistance are achieved, so that the obtained ionic liquid lubricating liquid has excellent tribological performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lubricating materials, and particularly relates to an additive for a lubricating liquid and an ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid.
Background
Nowadays, with the continuous development of science and technology, the utilization rate of mechanical equipment is greatly improved, and high-end mechanical equipment is more precise. However, the existence of frictional wear can reduce the operation efficiency of mechanical equipment, improve the production cost and reduce the precision, and the energy loss caused by the frictional wear brings great influence on the environment and the economy. At present, the lubricating oil used in industrial production and mechanical equipment takes mineral oil and base oil as basic oil, various additives are added into the basic oil to meet the requirements of different working conditions, the preparation process is complicated and expensive, the additives contain a large amount of elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and the like, which can cause serious pollution to the environment, and the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil is generally over 0.1, so that the machine cannot run efficiently. The lubricating fluid has the functions of reducing energy loss and improving operation efficiency, and can utilize the low-shear characteristic of the fluid to greatly reduce friction and abrasion between mechanical components. In addition, the lubricating liquid can improve the operation precision of mechanical equipment, so that the production operation is more efficient, for example, the precision of a machine tool guide rail is improved, the operation of an engine blade is more stable, the satellite solar panel is more telescopic, and the like. The lubricating fluid is therefore a very critical component for mechanical devices. The lubricating fluid with good lubricating property is an essential ring for high-end mechanical equipment to operate well.
If a lubricating fluid which is environment-friendly, green and economical and has an extremely low friction coefficient is obtained, the friction and the abrasion of mechanical equipment can be reduced, and the service life of a machine is prolonged. However, the lubricating liquid widely used at present still has the problems of poor antifriction and antiwear performances such as short service life and high friction coefficient. For example, patent No. CN 104479844A discloses a water-based lubricating fluid with an ultra-low friction coefficient, which has the advantages of simple and easily available raw materials, low cost, environmental protection, no pollution and the like, but also has the defect of poor friction reducing effect and the like. The stable operation of mechanical equipment is influenced, and the working precision of the mechanical equipment is reduced. For example, patent No. CN114854474A discloses low-friction-coefficient antiwear hydraulic oil, which has the advantages of stable lubrication duration, environmental protection, no pollution, and the like, but also has the disadvantages of many preparation processes, high cost, and the like, and is limited by economic factors, thereby restricting large-scale production and use.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides the additive for the lubricating liquid and the ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid, the non-isometric nano-spherical material is used as the additive, a fluid dynamic pressure lubricating film existing in asymmetric contact can be formed in the friction process, the direct contact between friction pairs is effectively inhibited, the functions of friction reduction and wear resistance are achieved, and the obtained ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid has excellent tribological performance.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
an object of the present invention is to provide an additive for lubricating fluids, comprising: non-isodiametric nanosphere-type materials; in the non-isodiametric nano spherical material, the weight ratio of the large-diameter nano spherical material to the small-diameter nano spherical material is 1-80; the diameter of the nano spherical material is 100-400nm.
Preferably, the diameter difference between the large-diameter nano-sphere material and the small-diameter nano-sphere material is greater than 0nm and less than or equal to 300nm.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the large-diameter nano-sphere-shaped material to the small-diameter nano-sphere-shaped material is 5. More preferably, the weight ratio of the large diameter nanosphere-type material to the small diameter nanosphere-type material is 25.
Preferably, the nano-spherical material is selected from one or more of nano-silica, nano-diamond and nano-PMMA.
The non-isodiametric nano-sphere material of the invention means that the diameters of the nano-sphere material are not equal, and the range of the diameters is 100-400nm. The nano-sphere material with a relatively larger diameter is a large-diameter nano-sphere (short for large spheres), and the nano-sphere material with a relatively smaller diameter is a small-diameter nano-sphere (short for small spheres).
The invention takes the non-isometric nano-ball type material as the additive, compared with the sliding formed by the surface-surface contact between the isometric nano-ball type additives, the asymmetric contact between the non-isometric nano-ball type materials plays a key role, and the sliding/rolling formed by the point-surface contact between the large ball and the small ball further reduces the shearing resistance between friction pairs, thereby realizing the reduction of the friction coefficient.
The invention also aims to provide an ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid which comprises an ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid and the additive.
Preferably, the additive is added into the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid in an amount of 0.1-1 wt%; more preferably, the amount added is 0.3wt%.
The ionic liquid is eutectic mixture formed by two or more compounds, and the eutectic mixture is accompanied with electrically neutral ligands in the synthesis process, and the neutral ligands and ions are complexed to form a hydrogen bond network which can stably exist in a liquid state within a wider temperature range.
In the ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid, a fluid dynamic pressure lubricating film is formed in the friction process of the ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid, so that a good lubricating effect is achieved on a friction pair, the friction and the wear of the friction pair can be effectively reduced, and the operation efficiency of mechanical equipment is improved.
Preferably, the ionic liquid is selected from one or more of alcohol-inorganic salt ionic liquid, alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid and organic salt-amine ionic liquid.
Preferably, the alcohol-inorganic salt ionic liquid is alcohol-zinc chloride ionic liquid; more preferably, the alcohol-inorganic salt ionic liquid is any one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquids, glycerol-zinc chloride ionic liquids, butylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquids, and 1, 3-propylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquids.
Preferably, the alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid is alcohol-choline chloride ionic liquid; more preferably, the alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid is selected from ethylene glycol-choline chloride ionic liquid or glycerol-choline chloride ionic liquid.
Preferably, the organic salt-amine ionic liquid is an organic salt-acetamide ionic liquid; the organic salt-amine ionic liquid is selected from tetramethylammonium chloride-acetamide or tetrabutylammonium bromide-acetamide ionic liquid.
The preparation method of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid is not particularly limited. For example, the preparation method comprises the steps of simply mixing and heating the raw materials of the components by adopting a conventional one-step synthesis method to form uniform and stable ionic liquid, then adding the non-isometric nano spherical material serving as an additive into the ionic liquid according to a proportion, and carrying out heating stirring and ultrasonic treatment to form uniformly dispersed liquid with a stable structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the non-isometric nano-ball material as the lubricating liquid additive, can form a fluid dynamic pressure lubricating film in asymmetric contact in the friction process, and the ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid taking the non-isometric nano-ball material as the additive has obvious effects of friction reduction and wear resistance, the friction coefficient is as low as 0.0046, the stability time is longer, and the energy loss caused by friction can be reduced.
In addition, the lubricating fluid disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, and the nano spherical additive can be recycled, so that the lubricating fluid is suitable for industrial mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of an ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 1 over time;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 2 over time;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 3 over time;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 4 over time;
FIG. 6 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 5 over time;
FIG. 7 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 6 over time;
FIG. 8 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of example 7 over time;
FIG. 9 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of comparative example 1 over time;
FIG. 10 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of comparative example 2 over time;
FIG. 11 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid described in comparative example 3 over time.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples, but these examples should be explicitly proposed for illustration, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The following examples and comparative examples were tested for the friction performance of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluids by: a high-temperature friction and wear tester (MPX-3G) is adopted, the upper sample is a silicon nitride ball, the lower sample is silicon dioxide, the lubricating liquid is dripped on the lower sample, and friction test is carried out under the conditions that the load is 3N, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 200 r/s, and the friction radius is 8 mm. In addition, the abrasion spots of the silicon nitride spheres are characterized by using a 3D confocal laser microscope, and the diameter of the abrasion spots is measured.
Example 1
An additive for lubricating fluids comprising: non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material; in the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material, the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter is 400nm, and the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 100nm; the weight ratio of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter to the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 25.
An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive (the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material).
As shown in fig. 1, a scanning electron microscope image of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of the present embodiment shows that the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid contains a non-isometric nano-spherical material.
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.015, then the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and after a period of time, the friction coefficient can be stably maintained below 0.01, which indicates that the lubricating fluid has an extremely low friction coefficient.
The main reason why the present embodiment is the most preferable embodiment of the present invention is that zinc chloride in the ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid is hydrolyzed to be acidic, and polar ester functional groups on the surface of the nano PMMA spherical material are changed into carboxyl groups, which are very easy to adsorb the components in the ionic liquid, thereby effectively avoiding direct contact with the surface of the nano PMMA spherical material and reducing shear resistance.
Example 2
An additive for lubricating fluids comprising: non-isodiametric nano diamond ball type material; in the non-isodiametric nano diamond spherical material, the diameter of the large-diameter nano diamond spherical material is 400nm, and the diameter of the small-diameter nano diamond spherical material is 100nm; the weight ratio of the large-diameter nano-diamond ball type material to the small-diameter nano-diamond ball type material is 25.
An ionic liquid lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive (the non-isodiametric nano diamond spherical material).
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.04, then the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and the friction coefficient can be stably maintained to fluctuate above and below 0.015 after running for a period of time, which indicates that the lubricating fluid has a low friction coefficient.
Example 3
An additive for lubricating fluids comprising: non-isometric nanometer silica spherical material; in the non-isodiametric nano silicon dioxide spherical material, the diameter of the large-diameter nano silicon dioxide spherical material is 400nm, and the diameter of the small-diameter nano silicon dioxide spherical material is 100nm; the weight ratio of the nano-silica ball type material with large diameter to the nano-silica ball type material with small diameter is 25.
An ionic liquid lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive (the non-isodiametric nano silicon dioxide spherical material).
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.03, then the initial value of the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and the initial value of the friction coefficient can be stably maintained at about 0.012 after a period of time, which indicates that the lubricating fluid has a low friction coefficient.
Example 4
An additive for lubricating fluids comprising: non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material; in the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material, the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter is 400nm, and the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 100nm; the weight ratio of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter to the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 5.
An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive (the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material).
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.025, then the initial value of the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and the initial value of the friction coefficient can be stably maintained below 0.01 after a period of time, and the lubricating fluid has an extremely low friction coefficient but is poor in stability.
Example 5
An additive for lubricating fluids comprising: non-isodiametric nanometer PMMA spherical material; in the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material, the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter is 400nm, and the diameter of the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 100nm; the weight ratio of the nano PMMA spherical material with large diameter to the nano PMMA spherical material with small diameter is 50.
An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive (the non-isodiametric nano PMMA spherical material).
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid according to the present example with time is shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.03, then it is continuously decreased, and after a period of time, the initial value can be stably maintained at about 0.013, indicating that the lubricating fluid has a low friction coefficient.
Example 6
An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-choline chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive; the additive was the same as in example 1.
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time in the embodiment is shown in fig. 7, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.05, then the initial value of the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and the initial value of the friction coefficient can be stably maintained at about 0.018 after a period of running and running, which indicates that the lubricating fluid has a low friction coefficient.
Example 7
An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of tetramethylammonium chloride-acetamide ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive; the additive was the same as in example 1.
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid with time in the embodiment is shown in fig. 8, and it can be seen that the friction coefficient is initially greater than 0.06, then continuously decreases, and can be stably maintained at about 0.020 after a period of time, which indicates that the lubricating fluid has a low friction coefficient.
Comparative example 1
An ionic liquid lubricating liquid only contains glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and is not added with any additive.
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of the comparative example with time is shown in fig. 9, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.055, then the friction coefficient continuously decreases, and the initial value can be stably maintained at about 0.022 after a period of time.
Comparative example 2
An ionic liquid lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive; the additive is a nano PMMA spherical material with the diameter of 400nm.
The change curve of the friction coefficient with time of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of this comparative example is shown in fig. 10, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.06, and then it is continuously decreased, and after a lapse of time, the initial value can be stably maintained at about 0.016.
Comparative example 3
An ionic liquid lubricating fluid, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.7 percent of ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 0.3 percent of additive; the additive is a nano PMMA spherical material with the diameter of 100 nm.
The change curve of the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of the comparative example with time is shown in fig. 11, and it can be seen that the initial value of the friction coefficient is greater than 0.03, and then the friction coefficient is continuously decreased, and after a period of time, the initial value can be stably maintained at about 0.011.
The coefficient of friction and scrub diameter data for examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in table 1 below:
friction coefficients and scrub spot diameters of Table 1, examples 1-7, and comparative examples 1-3
From the comparison of the above data, it can be seen that: compared with other nano ball type additives, the nano ball type additives in the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 2 and 3 have smaller shearing resistance due to the interaction of the functional groups on the surface of the non-equal diameter nano ball PMMA and the ionic liquid, so that the frictional wear between friction pairs is reduced, and the friction coefficient is ultra-smooth.
Compared with the examples 4 and 5, in the non-isodiametric nano ball type material, when the mass ratio of the large ball to the small ball is 25.
Compared with the examples 1, 6 and 7, the zinc chloride in the ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and the ethylene glycol-choline chloride ionic liquid are acidic in hydrolysis, and polar ester functional groups on the surface of the nano PMMA spherical material are changed into carboxyl groups, so that the components in the ionic liquid are very easily adsorbed, the direct contact with the surface of the nano PMMA spherical material is effectively avoided, the shearing resistance is reduced, and the friction coefficient is ultra-smooth.
Compared with the pure ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid, the non-isometric nano-spherical material is added into the pure ionic liquid-like lubricating liquid in a certain proportion, so that asymmetric contact can be formed, the shear resistance is reduced, the friction coefficient and the wear-spot diameter of the lubricating liquid are obviously reduced, good anti-friction, anti-wear and lubricating effects are achieved, and ultra-lubricity is achieved.
Compared with the examples 1 and the comparative examples 2 and 3, the invention has the advantages that compared with the method of taking the isometric nano-ball material as the additive, the method of the invention adds the non-isometric nano-ball material into the ionic liquid to form the asymmetric contact as the point-surface contact, thereby reducing the shear resistance, leading the friction coefficient to be less than 0.01 and achieving the ultra-smoothness.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An additive for lubricating fluids, comprising: non-isometric nano-ball type materials; in the non-isodiametric nano spherical material, the weight ratio of the large-diameter nano spherical material to the small-diameter nano spherical material is 1-80; the diameter of the nano spherical material is 100-400nm.
2. The additive for lubricating liquid according to claim 1, wherein the difference in diameter between the large-diameter nanoballoon-type material and the small-diameter nanoballoon-type material is greater than 0nm and not greater than 300nm.
3. The additive for lubricating fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of the large-diameter nanoballoon-type material to the small-diameter nanoballoon-type material is from 5; preferably, the weight ratio of the large-diameter nanoballoon-type material to the small-diameter nanoballoon-type material is 25.
4. Additive for lubricating fluid according to any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the nanoballoon-type material is selected from the group consisting of one or more of nanosilica, nanodiamond, nanomPMMA.
5. An ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid comprising an ionic liquid and the additive of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of claim 5, wherein the additive is added in the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid in an amount of 0.1wt% to 1wt%; preferably, the addition amount is 0.3wt%.
7. The ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid of claim 5 or 6, wherein the ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid is selected from one or more of alcohol-inorganic salt ionic liquid, alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid and organic salt-amine ionic liquid.
8. The ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid according to claim 7, wherein the alcohol-inorganic salt-like ionic liquid is an alcohol-zinc chloride-like ionic liquid; preferably, the alcohol-inorganic salt ionic liquid is any one selected from ethylene glycol-zinc chloride ionic liquid, glycerol-zinc chloride ionic liquid, butanediol-zinc chloride ionic liquid and 1, 3-propanediol-zinc chloride ionic liquid.
9. The ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid according to claim 7, wherein the alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid is an alcohol-choline chloride ionic liquid; preferably, the alcohol-organic choline salt ionic liquid is selected from ethylene glycol-choline chloride ionic liquid or glycerol-choline chloride ionic liquid.
10. The ionic liquid-like lubricating fluid according to claim 7, wherein the organic salt-amine ionic liquid is an organic salt-acetamide ionic liquid; the organic salt-amine ionic liquid is selected from tetramethylammonium chloride-acetamide or tetrabutylammonium bromide-acetamide ionic liquid.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160122676A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low transition temperature mixtures or deep eutectic solvents and processes for preparation thereof |
| CN113046163A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Water-based cutting lubricating fluid with ultralow friction coefficient |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160122676A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low transition temperature mixtures or deep eutectic solvents and processes for preparation thereof |
| CN113046163A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Water-based cutting lubricating fluid with ultralow friction coefficient |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 梁红玉: "离子液体──未来化学工业中的绿色溶剂", 当代化工, no. 01, 31 December 2002 (2002-12-31), pages 60 - 62 * |
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