CN111073706A - Domestic waste gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function - Google Patents
Domestic waste gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function Download PDFInfo
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- CN111073706A CN111073706A CN202010011675.1A CN202010011675A CN111073706A CN 111073706 A CN111073706 A CN 111073706A CN 202010011675 A CN202010011675 A CN 202010011675A CN 111073706 A CN111073706 A CN 111073706A
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 229
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 85
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
Abstract
The invention relates to a household garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function, which comprises a gasification furnace and a chlorine removal system and is characterized in that the chlorine removal system comprises a chlorine fine filtering device and a chlorine coarse filtering device, the chlorine coarse filtering device comprises a plurality of filtering plates arranged in the gasification furnace from top to bottom, one end of each filtering plate is connected with the gasification furnace, the upward surface of each filtering plate is downwards inclined from a fixed end to a free end, and the filtering plates in the gasification furnace are combined to form a filtering plate group. The invention is characterized in that the invention provides a domestic garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function, which can directly and deeply dechlorinate combustible gas after the combustible gas is generated by a gasification furnace, thereby avoiding the high-temperature corrosion of the combustible gas to subsequent equipment, improving steam parameters and power generation efficiency, and being beneficial to reducing the low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of dioxin in the flue gas cooling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a domestic garbage gasification treatment system, in particular to a domestic garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function.
Background
The treatment and disposal of domestic garbage and other wastes are important problems which need to be solved urgently in China, wherein the incineration power generation technology has the advantages of high harmless degree, obvious volume reduction and weight reduction effects and energy recoveryThe advantages of recycling and the like are rapidly developed and applied in recent years. However, the domestic garbage inevitably generates secondary pollutants in the incineration process, especially chlorine-containing pollutants such as dioxin, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and the like, and the secondary pollutants are harmful to the environment and human health. On one hand, chlorine contained in the household garbage mainly forms HCl after incineration, and the content of the HCl in the garbage incineration smoke can reach 800-3Is one of the main causes of acid rain, and HCl is easy to cause high-temperature corrosion of equipment, so that steam parameters (generally not higher than 400) of waste incineration power generation are limitedoC. 4 MPa) resulting in a power generation efficiency of only around 20%, much lower than coal fired power plant efficiency. On the other hand, HCl in the incineration flue gas is used as a chlorine source, and plays a key role in directly or indirectly generating dioxin in the flue gas cooling process. Therefore, solving the emission control problem of chlorine-containing pollutants and the like is the key point and difficult point of the current development of waste incineration technology.
The two-step garbage incineration technology based on the household garbage pyrolysis gasification and combustible gas combustion has outstanding advantages in the aspects of reducing pollution emission and improving power generation efficiency. The product of pyrolysis gasification of rubbish is combustible gas, can carry out burning utilization after purification treatment such as dechlorination in advance to reduce and burn HCl content in the flue gas, reduce the low temperature heterogeneous catalysis synthesis of dioxin in the flue gas cooling process, effectively solve traditional msw incineration and can only pass through the problem of low temperature tail gas cleanup unit desorption pollutant. And because the HCl in the combustible gas can be removed to solve the problem of corrosion of the heating surface of the flue gas after incineration, the subsequent power generation system can select high steam parameters (such as 540)oC. 12 MPa), the power generation efficiency is remarkably improved. However, the post-dechlorination technology only adopting a medium-high temperature combustible gas furnace has the problems of low efficiency, large using amount of dechlorinating agent, high dechlorinating cost and the like. In summary, there is a need to develop a system and a method for removing chlorine-containing pollutants in the process of pyrolysis and gasification of household garbage, which combine the characteristics and technical advantages of pyrolysis and gasification reaction to achieve deep dechlorination of combustible gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that HCl can only be removed through a low-temperature tail gas purification device, high-temperature corrosion of equipment is easily caused, so that steam parameters of waste incineration power generation are limited, low power generation rate is caused, dioxin is easily generated directly or indirectly in the flue gas cooling process and the like in the prior art, and provides a domestic garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function, which can directly and deeply dechlorinate combustible gas after the combustible gas is generated by a gasification furnace, avoid the combustible gas from generating high-temperature corrosion on subsequent equipment, improve the steam parameters and the power generation efficiency, and is beneficial to reducing low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of the dioxin in the flue gas cooling process.
In order to solve the technical problems and achieve the aim, the invention provides a domestic garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function, which comprises a gasification furnace and a chlorine removal system, and is characterized in that the chlorine removal system comprises a chlorine fine filtering device and a chlorine coarse filtering device, the chlorine coarse filtering device comprises a plurality of filter plates arranged in the gasification furnace from top to bottom, one end of each filter plate is connected with the gasification furnace, the upward surface of each filter plate is downwards inclined from a fixed end to a free end, the filter plates in the gasification furnace are combined to form a filter plate group, each filter plate group comprises a single-effect filter plate for filtering solid particles and a multi-effect filtering table for filtering the solid particles and chlorine-containing pollutants, the gasification furnace comprises a gasification reaction layer and a filter layer for placing the chlorine coarse filtering device, the filter layer is arranged on the top of the gasification reaction layer, and the gasification reaction layer is provided with a calcium spraying port.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the chlorine fine filtering device is arranged outside the gasification furnace, the chlorine fine filtering device is a fine filtering bin with a dechlorinating agent, and the fine filtering bin is connected with an air outlet of the gasification furnace.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the single-effect filter plate and the multiple-effect filter platform are sequentially arranged in a left-right staggered mode from bottom to top in the gasification furnace to form an arch-shaped baffling area, the lower-upper two adjacent single-effect filter plates and the multiple-effect filter platform form a single filtering period, and the gasification furnace is internally provided with a plurality of filtering periods.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the single-effect filter plate is a flat plate filter plate, the single-effect filter plate is rotationally connected with the gasification furnace through a rotating device, the rotating device comprises a rotating shaft and a rotating motor, the rotating shaft is connected with the single-effect filter plate, and the rotating motor is connected with the rotating shaft.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the multiple-effect filtering platform comprises a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure shell and a coarse filtering bin, wherein a feeding hole is formed in one side of the gasification furnace, the quadrangular frustum pyramid structure shell and the coarse filtering bin are used for conducting HCl coarse filtering, filtering windows used for ventilation are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the shell, a replacing hole which is matched with the coarse filtering bin and corresponds to the feeding hole is formed in the gasification furnace, and the coarse filtering bin is detachably connected with the gasification furnace.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the multi-effect filter platform comprises a filter surface which is arranged in a downward inclination manner from a fixed end to a free end facing an air outlet of the gasification furnace and a flow guide surface which is arranged in an upward inclination manner from the fixed end to the free end facing the gasification reaction layer, and the flow guide surface faces the bottom of the adjacent single-effect filter plate.
As an optimization of the domestic garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the single-effect filter plate and the filtering surface of the multi-effect filter platform form an included angle of 30-70 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the flow guide surface of the multi-effect filter platform is arranged in parallel with the single-effect filter plate.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the single-effect filter plate does not intersect with the longitudinal orthographic projection of the multi-effect filter table.
As an optimization of the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the coarse filtration bin comprises a filtration main body and a fixed plate which are matched with the shell, the fixed plate is detachably connected with the filtration main body, the fixed plate is detachably connected with the gasification furnace through a locking device, the filtration main body is longitudinally and densely distributed with filtration holes, and the coarse filtration bin is internally provided with a dechlorinating agent which is used after the fine filtration of the fine filtration bin.
As an optimization of the domestic garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function, the calcium spraying port is connected with a calcium spraying guide pipe, and the calcium spraying guide pipe is obliquely and downwards arranged.
Compared with the prior art, the domestic garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function has the following beneficial effects:
1. preheating a gasification furnace, when the temperature of the gasification furnace reaches 500 ℃, a gasification medium firstly enters the gasification furnace through an air distribution plate, then crushing dried household garbage and then sending the crushed household garbage into the gasification furnace through a feeding device, so that the gasification medium and the household garbage are quickly mixed to generate a large amount of heat and are incompletely reacted to generate coarse gasification gas, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 750 ℃, and important components in the coarse gasification gas are CO and CO2、H2、CH4、HCl、H2O and solid particles, and calcium spraying and dechlorinating are carried out in the furnace through a calcium spraying port, when the calcium-based dechlorinating agent meets a single-effect filter plate and a multi-effect filter platform which are arranged from a fixed end to a free end in a downward inclination way along with the crude gasified gas because of the existence of a gasification medium after the calcium spraying and dechlorinating are carried out on the domestic garbage, the solid particles and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent in the raised crude gasified gas are precipitated and removed roughly, the solid particles and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent in the crude gasified gas are prevented from rising continuously, and therefore, the multiple-effect filtering table is prepared for filtering HCl, because solid particles in the crude gasification gas must be filtered before the chlorine in the crude gasification gas is filtered, otherwise the solid particles are easy to block the dechlorinating agent, thereby reducing the dechlorinating efficiency, increasing the dosage of the dechlorinating agent, after the calcium-based dechlorinating agent is precipitated, the calcium-based dechlorinating agent flows back to a gasification reaction layer to form secondary dechlorination in the furnace, and solid particles and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent are gasified after the gasification reaction is finished.The method comprises the following steps that bottom slag is discharged together, after coarse gasification gas is precipitated and coarsely removed, part of the coarse gasification gas enters a multi-effect filtering table to coarsely filter chlorine in the coarse gasification gas, fine filtering is carried out on solid particles in the coarse gasification gas so as to prepare for fine HCl filtering of a chlorine fine filtering device, and accordingly baffling filtering in a gasification furnace is formed through multiple times of circulating filtering of a single-effect filtering plate and the multi-effect filtering table, so that the filtering time is prolonged, the filtering effect is further improved, coarse filtering of chlorine in the coarse gasification gas is achieved, the coarse gasification gas subjected to coarse chlorine filtering is led to the chlorine fine filtering device to achieve composite filtering, deep dechlorination of combustible gas is achieved, high-temperature corrosion of the combustible gas on subsequent equipment is avoided, the power generation efficiency is improved, and low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of dioxin in a flue gas cooling process is reduced;
2. the chlorine fine filtering device is arranged outside the gasification furnace and has the function of avoiding high temperature in the furnace to remove chlorine, so that medium-high temperature dechlorination of the crude gasified gas is realized (the medium-high temperature dechlorination technology is a technology for absorbing HCl gas in the crude gasified gas by using a solid-phase dechlorinating agent at the temperature of more than 500 ℃ to finally realize separation and removal of chlorine-containing pollutants in the flue gas), the reduction of the dechlorination effect of the device caused by overhigh temperature in the gasification furnace is avoided, and the filtering efficiency of the chlorine fine filtering device is improved;
3. the single-effect filter plates and the multiple-effect filter tables are arranged in a staggered mode from bottom to top in the gasification furnace to form an arch-shaped baffling area, the lower and upper adjacent single-effect filter plates and the multiple-effect filter tables form a single filter period, a plurality of filter periods are arranged in the gasification furnace, so that solid particles in the coarse gasification gas are precipitated and coarsely removed through the single-effect filter plates before coarse chlorine filtration of the coarse coal, the content of the solid particles in the coarse gasification gas is reduced, the multiple-effect filter tables are used for preparing coarse chlorine filtration of the coarse gasification gas, then part of the coarse gasification gas enters the multiple-effect filter tables to coarsely filter chlorine in the coarse gasification gas, fine filtration is carried out on the solid particles in the coarse gasification gas, and accordingly coarse filtration of the coarse gasification gas is achieved through continuous circulation filtration of the multiple filter periods;
4. the single-effect filter plate is rotationally connected with the gasification furnace through the rotating device, and the rotating device rotates periodically to remove impurities accumulated on the single-effect filter plate;
5. the multi-effect filtering platform comprises a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure shell and a coarse filtering bin, wherein a feed inlet is formed in one side of the gasification furnace, the quadrangular frustum pyramid structure shell and the coarse filtering bin are arranged towards the gasification furnace, the coarse filtering bin is used for performing HCl coarse filtering, filtering windows for ventilation are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the shell, the gasification furnace is provided with a replacing port which is matched with the coarse filtering bin and corresponds to the feed inlet, the coarse filtering bin and the gasification furnace are detachably connected, the coarse filtering bin can be replaced through the detachable connection of the coarse filtering bin, coarse gasification gas enters the coarse filtering bin through the filtering windows to realize fine filtering of solid particles and coarse filtering of chlorine, when the dechlorinating agent in the coarse filter bin is in a saturated state, the coarse filter bin is taken out from the shell through the corresponding feed inlet and the corresponding replacing port, the dechlorinating agent in the coarse filtration bin is replaced, and the coarse filtration bin is placed in the coarse filtration bin, so that the dechlorinating agent can be replaced for use;
6. the multi-effect filter platform comprises a flow guide surface and a filter surface which is arranged in a manner that the filter surface inclines downwards from a fixed end to a free end towards one side of an air outlet of the gasification furnace, and the filter surface is used for enabling impurities accumulated in the filter platform to fall down due to gravity;
7. the guide surface of the multi-effect filter platform is arranged in parallel with the single-effect filter plate, so that more coarse gasification gas is effectively guided to the bottom of the single-effect filter plate;
8. the longitudinal orthographic projections of the single-effect filter plate and the multi-effect filter platform are not intersected, so that the coarse gasified gas is prevented from generating local congestion between the single-effect filter plate and the multi-effect filter platform, and the filtering effect is further influenced;
9. the coarse filtering bin comprises a filtering main body and a fixing plate which are matched with the shell, the fixing plate is detachably connected with the filtering main body, the fixing plate is detachably connected with the gasification furnace through a locking device, the filtering holes are longitudinally densely distributed on the filtering main body, the coarse gasification gas enters into a dechlorinating agent through the filtering holes to filter solid particles and HCl, when the dechlorinating agent in the coarse filtering bin is in a saturated state, the coarse filtering bin is taken out of the shell because the fixing plate is detachably connected with the gasification furnace through the locking device, the dechlorinating agent is taken out of the coarse filtering bin through the detachable connection of the fixing plate and the filtering main body to realize the replacement of the dechlorinating agent, and the dechlorinating agent used by the fine filtering bin in the coarse filtering bin is almost free of solid particles in the coarse gasification gas filtered by the coarse chlorine coarse filtering device, the content of chlorine in the crude gasification gas is greatly reduced, so that after the crude gasification gas is filtered by the fine filtering bin, the dechlorinating agent in the fine filtering bin can still filter a large amount of solid particles and a proper amount of HCl, the crude gasification gas is very suitable for the fine filtering bin, the compound utilization of the dechlorinating agent reduces the use amount of the dechlorinating agent, and the dechlorinating cost is reduced;
10. the calcium spraying port is connected with a calcium spraying conduit, and the calcium spraying conduit is obliquely arranged downwards to effectively spray the dechlorinating agent on the garbage, so that the chlorine content in the coarse gasification gas is further reduced.
Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of reasonable structure, high efficiency, energy saving and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the raw gasification gas of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the coarse filtration cartridge of the present invention when closed;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the coarse filtration cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the coarse filter cartridge of the present invention when open;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the housing of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of the housing of the present invention.
Description of part numbers in the figures: 1. the device comprises a fixed end, a free end, a single-effect filter plate, a gasification reaction layer, a filter layer, a calcium spraying port, a dechlorinating agent, a fine filter bin, a gas outlet, a rotating shaft, a gasification furnace, a rotating shaft, a filter inlet, a rotating shaft, a rotating.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the household garbage gasification treatment system with the chlorine removal function shown in the figures 1-2 comprises a gasification furnace 11 and a chlorine removal system, and is characterized in that the chlorine removal system comprises a chlorine fine filtering device and a chlorine coarse filtering device, the chlorine coarse filtering device comprises a plurality of filter plates arranged in the gasification furnace 11 from top to bottom, one end of each filter plate is connected with the gasification furnace 11, the upward surface of each filter plate is downwards inclined from a fixed end 1 to a free end 2, the filter plates in the gasification furnace 11 are combined to form a filter plate group, each filter plate group comprises a single-effect filter plate 3 for filtering solid particles and a multi-effect filtering table 23 for filtering solid particles and chlorine-containing pollutants, the gasification furnace 11 comprises a gasification reaction layer 4 and a filter layer 5 for placing the chlorine coarse filtering device, the filter layer 5 is arranged on the top of the gasification reaction layer 4, and the gasification reaction layer 4 is provided with a calcium spraying port 6.
Preheating the gasification furnace 11, when the temperature of the gasification furnace 11 reaches 500 ℃, the gasification medium firstly enters the gasification furnace 11 from the air distribution plate, then the dried domestic garbage is crushed and then is sent into the gasification furnace 11 from the feeding device, so that the gasification medium and the domestic garbage are quickly mixed to generate a large amount of heat and are incompletely reacted to generate coarse gasification gas, the reaction temperature is controlled at 750 ℃, and the important components in the coarse gasification gas are CO and CO2、H2、CH4、HCl、H2O and solidParticles are sprayed into the furnace through a calcium spraying port 6 for dechlorination, after the calcium spraying and dechlorination are carried out on the domestic garbage, because of the existence of a gasification medium, when a calcium-based dechlorinating agent 7 continuously rises along with the crude gasified gas and meets a single-effect filter plate 3 and a multi-effect filtering platform which are arranged from a fixed end 1 to a free end 2 in a downward inclined way, the solid particles in the rising crude gasified gas and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent 7 are precipitated and roughly removed, the solid particles in the crude gasified gas and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent 7 are prevented from continuously rising, so that the preparation for filtering HCl by the multi-effect filtering platform 23 is made, because the solid particles in the crude gas are required to be filtered before the chlorine in the crude gas is filtered, otherwise the solid particles easily block the dechlorinating agent 7, the dechlorination efficiency is reduced, the dosage of the dechlorinating agent 7 is increased, the calcium-based dechlorinating agent 7 is refluxed to a gasification reaction layer 4 after being, and after the gasification reaction is finished, the solid particles and the calcium-based dechlorinating agent 7 are discharged together with the gasified bottom slag, after the coarse gasification gas is subjected to precipitation coarse removal, part of the coarse gasification gas enters a multi-effect filtering platform 23, to carry out coarse filtration on the chlorine in the coarse gasified gas and carry out fine filtration on solid particles in the coarse gasified gas so as to prepare for HCl fine filtration of a chlorine fine filtration device, so as to form baffling filtration in the gasification furnace 11 through multiple circulating filtration of the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multiple-effect filter platform 23, thereby enhancing the filtering time and further improving the filtering effect, realizing the coarse filtration of the chlorine in the coarse gasified gas, and leading the coarse gasified gas which realizes the coarse filtration of the chlorine to a chlorine fine filtering device to realize the composite filtration, therefore, the deep dechlorination of the combustible gas is realized, the high-temperature corrosion of the combustible gas on subsequent equipment is avoided, the power generation efficiency is improved, and the low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of the dioxin in the flue gas cooling process is reduced.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the chlorine fine filtering device is arranged outside the gasification furnace 11, the chlorine fine filtering device is a fine filtering bin 8 with a dechlorinating agent 7, and the fine filtering bin 8 is connected with an air outlet 9 of the gasification furnace 11.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further defines the chlorine purifying filter device, and the chlorine purifying filter device is arranged outside the gasification furnace 11 to avoid high temperature in the gasification furnace for removing chlorine, so that medium-high temperature dechlorination of the crude gasified gas is realized (the medium-high temperature dechlorination technology is a technology for absorbing HCl gas in the crude gasified gas by using a solid-phase dechlorinating agent 7 at a temperature of more than 500 ℃ to finally realize separation and removal of chlorine-containing pollutants in the flue gas), and reduction of the dechlorination effect of the device caused by overhigh temperature in the gasification furnace 11 is avoided, so that the filtration efficiency of the chlorine purifying filter device is improved.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the single-effect filter plates 3 and the multiple-effect filter platforms 23 are sequentially arranged in a left-right staggered manner from bottom to top in the gasification furnace 11 to form an arch-shaped baffling area, the lower and upper adjacent single-effect filter plates 3 and the multiple-effect filter platforms 23 form a single filtering period, and the gasification furnace 11 is internally provided with a plurality of filtering periods.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further limits the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter platform 23, the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter platform 23 are sequentially arranged in a left-right staggered manner from bottom to top in the gasification furnace 11 to form an arch-shaped baffling area, the lower and upper adjacent single-effect filter plates 3 and the multi-effect filter platform 23 form a single filtering period, a plurality of filtering periods are arranged in the gasification furnace 11, and the functions of the filtering periods are that solid particles in the coarse gasification gas are firstly deposited and coarsely removed through the single-effect filter plate 3 before coarse chlorine filtration of the coarse coal, so that the content of solid particles in the coarse gasification gas is reduced, the multi-effect filtering table 23 is prepared for the coarse chlorine filtering of the coarse gasification gas, then part of the coarse gasification gas enters a multi-effect filtering table 23 to perform coarse filtering on chlorine in the coarse gasification gas and perform fine filtering on solid particles in the coarse gasification gas, thereby continuously passing through the circulating filtration of a plurality of filtration cycles to realize the coarse filtration of the coarse gasification gas.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the single-effect filter plate 3 is a flat plate filter plate, the single-effect filter plate 3 is rotatably connected with the gasification furnace 11 through a rotating device, the rotating device comprises a rotating shaft 10 and a rotating motor, the rotating shaft 10 is connected with the single-effect filter plate 3, and the rotating motor is connected with the rotating shaft 10.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further limits the single-effect filter plate 3, and the single-effect filter plate 3 is rotationally connected with the gasification furnace 11 through the rotating device to periodically remove impurities accumulated on the single-effect filter plate 3 through the rotation of the rotating device.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: multiple-effect filter stage 23 include the orientation 11 one side of gasifier open quadrangular frustum pyramid structure casing 13 and the coarse filtration storehouse that has feed inlet 12, casing 13 in be equipped with and be used for carrying out HCl coarse filtration the coarse filtration storehouse, casing 13 on the upper and lower two sides all open and be used for ventilative filtration window 14, gasifier 11 on be equipped with coarse filtration storehouse adaptation and with feed inlet 12 correspond the change mouth 15 that sets up, the coarse filtration storehouse with gasifier 11 detachable connection.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further defines the multi-effect filtering platform 23, the multi-effect filtering platform 23 includes a housing 13 and a coarse filtering bin having a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure and provided with a feeding port 12 toward one side of the gasification furnace 11, the housing 13 is provided with the coarse filtering bin for HCl coarse filtering, the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 13 are provided with filtering windows 14 for ventilation, the gasification furnace 11 is provided with a replacing port 15 adapted to the coarse filtering bin and corresponding to the feeding port 12, the coarse filtering bin is detachably connected with the gasification furnace 11 for replacing the coarse filtering bin by detachably connecting the coarse filtering bin, the coarse gasification gas enters the coarse filtering bin through the filtering windows 14 to realize fine filtering of solid particles and coarse filtering of chlorine, and when the dechlorinating agent 7 in the coarse filtering bin is in a saturated state, the coarse filtering bin is taken out from the housing 13 through the corresponding feeding port 12 and replacing port 15, and the dechlorinating agent 7 in the coarse filtration bin is replaced, and the coarse filtration bin is placed in the coarse filtration bin, so that the dechlorinating agent 7 can be replaced for use.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the multi-effect filtering platform 23 comprises a filtering surface 17 facing the gas outlet 9 of the gasification furnace 11 and obliquely downwards arranged from the fixed end 1 to the free end 2, and a flow guide surface 16 facing the gasification reaction layer 4 and obliquely upwards arranged from the fixed end 1 to the free end 2, wherein the flow guide surface 16 faces the bottom of the adjacent single-effect filtering plate 3.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides further limitations to the multi-effect filtering platform 23, the multi-effect filtering platform 23 includes the diversion surface 16 and the filtering surface 17 facing the side of the air outlet 9 of the gasification furnace 11 and inclined downwards from the fixed end 1 to the free end 2, so that the impurities deposited on the filtering surface fall down due to gravity, in the multi-period filtration in the gasification furnace 11, the shell pass flowing dead zone at one side of the single-effect filter plate 3 is increased in the process that the single-effect filter plate 3 inclines downwards from the fixed end 1 to the free end 2, the effect that the bottom of the single-effect filter plate 3 of the multi-effect filter table 23 adjacent side top that the water conservancy diversion face 16 inclines to this water conservancy diversion face 16 place sets up is with thick gasification gas water conservancy diversion to single-effect filter plate 3 bottom, has reduced the flow blind spot at the single-effect filter plate 3 back, has effectively utilized the space of gasifier 11, and single-effect filter plate 3 that is when deposiing thick desorption to solid particle is more effective.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2 and fig. 6 to 7, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the single-effect filter plate 3 and the filter surface 17 of the multi-effect filter table 23 form an included angle of 30-70 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the flow guide surface 16 of the multi-effect filter table 23 is arranged in parallel with the single-effect filter plate 3.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further limits the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter platform 23, and the guide surface 16 of the multi-effect filter platform 23 is arranged in parallel with the single-effect filter plate 3 to guide more coarse gasification gas to the bottom of the single-effect filter plate 3.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter platform 23 do not intersect in longitudinal orthographic projection.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further limits the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter stage 23, and the non-intersecting longitudinal orthographic projection of the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter stage 23 avoids the coarse gasification gas from generating local congestion between the single-effect filter plate 3 and the multi-effect filter stage 23, thereby influencing the filtering effect.
Example 9:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the coarse filtration storehouse include with the filtration main part 18 and the fixed plate 20 of casing 13 adaptation, fixed plate 20 with filtration main part 18 can dismantle the connection, fixed plate 20 pass through locking device with gasifier 11 detachable connection, filtration main part 18 vertically densely covered filtration pore 21, the coarse filtration storehouse in be equipped with dechlorination agent 7 after 8 fine filtrations use of fine filtration storehouse.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further defines the coarse filtration cabin, the coarse filtration cabin comprises a filtration main body 18 and a fixing plate 20 which are matched with the housing 13, the fixing plate 20 is detachably connected with the filtration main body 18, the fixing plate 20 is detachably connected with the gasification furnace 11 through a locking device, the filtration main body 18 is longitudinally densely provided with the filtration holes 21, the purpose of the filtration main body is that after coarse gasification gas passes through the single-effect filtration plate 3 to perform coarse filtration on solid particles, the coarse gasification gas enters the dechlorinating agent 7 through the filtration holes 21 to realize filtration of the solid particles and HCl, when the dechlorinating agent 7 in the coarse filtration cabin is in a saturated state, the coarse filtration cabin is taken out of the housing 13 due to the detachable connection of the fixing plate 20 and the filtration main body 18, the dechlorinating agent 7 is taken out of the coarse filtration cabin through the detachable connection of the fixing plate 20 and the filtration main body 18 to realize replacement of the dechlorinating, the dechlorinating agent 7 which is arranged in the coarse filtering bin and is finely filtered by the fine filtering bin 8 has the advantages that almost no solid particles exist in the coarse gasified gas filtered by the coarse chlorine filtering device, and the chlorine content of the coarse gasified gas is greatly reduced, so that after the coarse gasified gas is filtered by the fine filtering bin 8, the dechlorinating agent 7 in the fine filtering bin 8 can still filter a large amount of solid particles and a proper amount of HCl, the dechlorinating agent is very suitable for the fine filtering bin 8, the use amount of the dechlorinating agent 7 is reduced by the compound utilization of the dechlorinating agent 7, and the dechlorinating cost is reduced.
Example 10:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the calcium spraying port 6 is connected with a calcium spraying guide pipe 22, and the calcium spraying guide pipe 22 is obliquely and downwards arranged.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment further defines the calcium spraying opening 6, the calcium spraying opening 6 is connected with the calcium spraying conduit 22, and the calcium spraying conduit 22 is obliquely arranged downwards so that the dechlorinating agent 7 can be effectively sprayed on the garbage, and the chlorine content in the coarse gasification gas is further reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A domestic garbage gasification treatment system with a chlorine removal function comprises a gasification furnace and a chlorine removal system, and is characterized in that the chlorine removal system comprises a chlorine fine filtering device and a chlorine coarse filtering device, the chlorine coarse filtering device comprises a plurality of filter plates arranged in the gasification furnace from top to bottom, one end of each filter plate is connected with the gasification furnace, the upward surface of each filter plate is downwards inclined from a fixed end to a free end, the filter plates in the gasification furnace are combined to form a filter plate group, the filter plate group comprises a single-effect filter plate for filtering solid particles and a multi-effect filter table for filtering the solid particles and chlorine-containing pollutants, the gasification furnace comprises a gasification reaction layer and a filter layer for placing the chlorine coarse filtering device, and the filter layer is arranged at the top of the gasification reaction layer, the gasification reaction layer is provided with a calcium spraying port.
2. The domestic garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said chlorine-refining filtering device is arranged outside said gasification furnace, said chlorine-refining filtering device is a refining filtering bin with dechlorinating agent, and said refining filtering bin is connected with the gas outlet of said gasification furnace.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the single-effect filter plate and the multi-effect filter stage are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner from bottom to top in the gasifier to form an arch-shaped deflection region, the single-effect filter plate and the multi-effect filter stage form a single filtering period, and a plurality of filtering periods are arranged in the gasifier.
4. The household garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 3, wherein said single-effect filter plate is a flat plate filter plate, said single-effect filter plate is rotatably connected with said gasification furnace through a rotating device, said rotating device comprises a rotating shaft connected with said single-effect filter plate and a rotating motor, said rotating motor is connected with said rotating shaft.
5. The domestic garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 3, wherein said multiple-effect filter stage comprises a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure housing with a feed inlet opening towards one side of said gasification furnace and a coarse filter bin, said housing is internally provided with said coarse filter bin for HCl coarse filtration, said housing is provided with filter windows for ventilation on both upper and lower surfaces, said gasification furnace is provided with a replacement opening adapted to said coarse filter bin and corresponding to said feed inlet opening, said coarse filter bin is detachably connected to said gasification furnace.
6. The household garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein said multi-effect filter stage comprises a filter surface facing the gas outlet of said gasification furnace and inclined downwards from the fixed end to the free end, and a flow guide surface facing said gasification reaction layer and inclined upwards from the fixed end to the free end, said flow guide surface facing the bottom of the adjacent single-effect filter plate.
7. The household garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 6, wherein the filtering surfaces of the single-effect filtering plate and the multi-effect filtering platform form an included angle of 30-70 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the flow guide surface of the multi-effect filtering platform is arranged in parallel with the single-effect filtering plate.
8. The domestic garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5 or 7, wherein said single-effect filter plate does not intersect with the longitudinal orthographic projection of said multi-effect filter stage.
9. The domestic garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 5, wherein said coarse filtration bin comprises a filtration main body and a fixing plate adapted to said housing, said fixing plate is detachably connected to said filtration main body, said fixing plate is detachably connected to said gasification furnace through a locking device, said filtration main body is longitudinally densely provided with filtration holes, and said coarse filtration bin is provided with a dechlorinating agent used for fine filtration of said fine filtration bin.
10. The domestic garbage gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function as claimed in claim 7, wherein said calcium spraying port is connected with a calcium spraying conduit, and said calcium spraying conduit is arranged obliquely downwards.
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| CN202010011675.1A CN111073706A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Domestic waste gasification treatment system with chlorine removal function |
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