CN111073651A - Soil heavy metal stabilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil heavy metal stabilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111073651A CN111073651A CN201811217787.1A CN201811217787A CN111073651A CN 111073651 A CN111073651 A CN 111073651A CN 201811217787 A CN201811217787 A CN 201811217787A CN 111073651 A CN111073651 A CN 111073651A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil heavy metal stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared heavy metal stabilizer material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: montmorillonite: 20-30 g, 18-28ml of sodium hydroxide, 30-40g of sodium sulfide, 15-20 g of sepiolite, sulfuric acid: 15-25ml of sodium hydroxide, 15-20 g of ferrous sulfate, 20-30ml of ferric chloride and 30-40g of phosphate ore, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 30%, the content of sodium sulfide is not more than 40g, the content of sulfuric acid is not more than 25ml, the content of ferrous sulfate is not more than 20g, and the content of ferric chloride is not more than 30ml, and the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the soil heavy metal stabilizer and the preparation method thereof, the mixture obtained by reacting montmorillonite with sodium hydroxide and phosphorus ore with sulfuric acid can effectively reduce heavy metal elements such as Pb, Zn, phosphorus, chlorine, fluorine and the like in soil, and can also effectively form precipitates, so that heavy metals in the soil can be effectively stabilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heavy metal stabilizer, in particular to a soil heavy metal stabilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heavy metal stabilizer is suitable for treating heavy metals containing Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Hg, Cd and the like in the industries of electroplating, electronics, metallurgy and the like, and also reduces the toxicity of the heavy metals to biological receptors such as plants, human bodies and the like by converting a form with high heavy metal bioavailability into a form with low bioavailability through the stabilizer to adjust the heavy metal bioavailability so as to fulfill the aim of restoring the heavy metal polluted soil.
Most of the existing heavy metal stabilizers have great influence on the self-repairing and curing capacity of soil when heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Hg and Cd are contained in the soil for treatment, so that the curing capacity of the soil is greatly weakened, other pollutants are generated while heavy metal elements in the soil are reduced, and the environment-friendly effect of the heavy metal stabilizers is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a heavy metal stabilizer which can be used in a green way and does not influence the self-curing capability of soil, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In one aspect, the invention provides a heavy metal stabilizer, which comprises montmorillonite, sodium hydroxide, phosphate ore, sulfuric acid and the like, wherein the content of the montmorillonite is 20-30 g, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 30%, the content of sodium sulfide is not more than 40g, the content of the sulfuric acid is not more than 25ml, the content of ferrous sulfate is not more than 20g, the content of ferric chloride is not more than 30ml, and the content of the phosphate ore is not more than 40 g.
In another aspect, the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer comprises the following steps:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then slowly pouring a 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:2:1, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 200ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 10ml of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 50-60 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 5g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 5g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 2-3 hours, and precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 15g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 80 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the soil heavy metal stabilizer and the preparation method thereof, the mixture obtained by reacting montmorillonite with sodium hydroxide and phosphorus ore with sulfuric acid can effectively reduce heavy metal elements such as Pb, Zn, phosphorus, chlorine, fluorine and the like in soil, and simultaneously effectively form precipitates, so that green circulation between the soil and the heavy metal stabilizer is formed, and the toxicity of heavy metals to biological receptors such as plants, human bodies and the like is reduced.
Detailed Description
In one aspect, the invention provides a heavy metal stabilizer, which comprises montmorillonite, sodium hydroxide, phosphate ore, sulfuric acid and the like, wherein the content of the montmorillonite is 20-30 g, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 30%, the content of sodium sulfide is not more than 40g, the content of the sulfuric acid is not more than 25ml, the content of ferrous sulfate is not more than 20g, the content of ferric chloride is not more than 30ml, and the content of the phosphate ore is not more than 40 g.
In another aspect, the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer comprises the following steps:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:2:1, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod, and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 200ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 10ml of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 50-60 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 5g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 5g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 2-3 hours, and precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 15g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 80 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
Further, the reaction flask was a 500ml three-necked flask.
Further, the ferric chloride concentration is 0.04-0.08mg/m for dry rice.
Further, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98.3%.
The following further description is provided in conjunction with the detailed description, but the detailed description below should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various modifications and variations obvious to those skilled in the art, which can be made on the basis of the present invention, should be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then slowly pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:1:1, heating to 30-40 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 300ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 8ml of sulfuric acid and 8ml of sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 40-50 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 3g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 5g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 1-2 hours, and precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 8g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 60 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
Example 2:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:2:2, heating to 50-60 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod, and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 400ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 15ml of sulfuric acid and 15ml of sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 50-60 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 8g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 8g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 3-4 hours, precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 10g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 80 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
Example 3:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then slowly pouring a 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:2:3, heating to 60-70 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 450ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 18ml of sulfuric acid and 18ml of sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 70-80 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 10g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 10g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 4-5 hours, and precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 18g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 90 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The heavy metal stabilizer is characterized in that the content range of montmorillonite is 20-30 g, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 30%, the content of sodium sulfide is not more than 40g, the content of sepiolite is not more than 20g, the content of sulfuric acid is not more than 25ml, the content of ferrous sulfate is not more than 20g, the content of ferric chloride is not more than 30ml, and the content of phosphate ore is not more than 40 g.
2. The preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) smashing enough montmorillonite, sepiolite and phosphate rock into powder in three reaction devices, firstly putting the montmorillonite powder into a reaction container, then slowly pouring a 30% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the montmorillonite powder with sodium sulfide and ferric chloride according to the ratio of 3:2:1, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring by using a glass rod for 20 minutes to obtain particles;
2) washing and precipitating the particles obtained in the step 1) by 200ml of distilled water, standing for 25 minutes, adding 10ml of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into the particles, mixing while placing the particles in a reaction bottle, stirring the solution by using a glass cup, and stirring for 20 minutes to precipitate the solution in the reaction bottle to obtain a precipitate;
3) heating the precipitate obtained in the step 2) to 50-60 ℃, maintaining the constant temperature, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding 5g of ferrous sulfate after 20 minutes, then adding 5g of sepiolite, stirring by using a glass cup, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, reacting for 2-3 hours, and precipitating and filtering the solution obtained after the precipitate reacts with the polymer of the ionic liquid to obtain a primary stabilizer;
4) and 3) pouring 30% sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction bottle of the stabilizer primary filtrate obtained after precipitation and filtration in the step 3) for reaction again, stirring for 2 hours, then slowly adding 15g of phosphate ore into the stirred solution, heating to 80 ℃, then putting the solution into a vacuum drying oven for drying, and drying for 24 hours to obtain a stabilizer finished product.
3. The method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 2, wherein: the reaction flask was a 500ml three-necked flask.
4. The method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 2, wherein: the ferric chloride concentration is 0.04-0.08mg/m for dry rice.
5. The method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 2, wherein: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98.3%.
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| CN201811217787.1A CN111073651A (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Soil heavy metal stabilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |