CN111071072A - Fuel cell cooling module and fuel cell cooling system - Google Patents

Fuel cell cooling module and fuel cell cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111071072A
CN111071072A CN201911419148.8A CN201911419148A CN111071072A CN 111071072 A CN111071072 A CN 111071072A CN 201911419148 A CN201911419148 A CN 201911419148A CN 111071072 A CN111071072 A CN 111071072A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
refrigerator
circuit
radiator
gas
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CN201911419148.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘兰香
严江
乔海周
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911419148.8A priority Critical patent/CN111071072A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a fuel cell cooling module and a fuel cell cooling system. According to the fuel cell cooling module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first radiator enables the cooling liquid to exchange heat with the ambient gas so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid and further cool the fuel cell, the first refrigerator reduces the temperature of the gas flowing to the first radiator, increases the temperature difference between the gas and the cooling liquid, and solves the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by small temperature difference between the gas and the cooling liquid in high-temperature weather.

Description

Fuel cell cooling module and fuel cell cooling system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a fuel cell cooling module and a fuel cell cooling system.
Background
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure only and is not necessarily prior art.
The power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is about 50%, the fuel cell can generate a large amount of heat when supplying power, and the operation of the fuel cell can be affected if the part of heat is lost in time, so cooling components including an intercooler, an air compressor, a controller and the like are arranged around the fuel cell, and the heat sources require that the water temperature limit value is low, namely the cooling module is required to dissipate a large amount of heat under the condition of low liquid-gas temperature difference.
The common cooling module arrangements of prior art fuel cell vehicle models are in turn an air intake grille, an air conditioning condenser, a low temperature radiator, a fuel cell radiator and a fan. In summer high-temperature weather, the initial temperature of gas is T1, gas can carry out heat exchange with the condenser through condenser and low temperature radiator earlier, take away the heat of condenser, gas temperature rise to T2 this moment, T2 > T1, gas carries out the heat exchange through low temperature radiator and low temperature radiator again, take away the heat of low temperature radiator, gas temperature rise to T3 this moment, T3 > T2, finally, carry out the heat exchange with the fuel cell radiator, take away the heat of fuel cell radiator and realize the cooling to fuel cell, the difference in temperature between gas and the fuel cell radiator has been reduced to this kind of setting, be unfavorable for the cooling of fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by small temperature difference between gas and cooling liquid in high-temperature weather in the prior art. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the invention proposes a fuel cell cooling module comprising:
a first refrigerator configured to reduce a gas temperature;
a first radiator disposed behind the first refrigerator in a flow direction of the gas, and configured to be connected with a fuel cell and cool the fuel cell;
wherein the gas is cooled and then flows along the first refrigerator to the first radiator, and the gas is configured to cool the first radiator.
According to the fuel cell cooling module of the embodiment of the invention, the first radiator is connected with the fuel cell, the heat generated in the operation process of the fuel cell is transferred to the cooling liquid of the first radiator, the heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the gas in the external environment is realized through the first radiator, so that the cooling of the fuel cell is realized, the first refrigerator is arranged in front of the first radiator along the flowing direction of the gas, the temperature of the gas flowing to the first radiator can be reduced through the first refrigerator, the temperature difference between the cooled gas and the cooling liquid is increased, the heat dissipation power of the first radiator can be improved, the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by small temperature difference between the gas and the cooling liquid in high-temperature weather is solved, and compared with the prior art, the condenser is only replaced by the first refrigerator, the cost of modification is reduced and, on the other hand, the cooling requirements of the fuel cell can be met in the limited space of the vehicle.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fuel cell cooling module further comprises:
a fan disposed between the first heat sink and the fuel cell.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fuel cell cooling module further comprises:
a grill disposed before the first refrigerator in a direction in which the gas flows.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first refrigerator is an evaporator.
A second aspect of the invention provides a fuel cell cooling system comprising a first circuit, a second circuit and a fuel cell cooling module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4:
the first radiator and the fuel cell are arranged on the first loop, and the first loop is arranged to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell;
the first refrigerator is disposed on the second circuit, which is configured to cool the first refrigerator and a vehicle cabin.
The fuel cell cooling system according to the embodiment of the invention has the same advantages as the fuel cell cooling module, and is not repeated herein, besides, the first loop and the second loop enhance the cooling of the fuel cell in high-temperature weather, the first loop can also realize the temperature increase of the fuel cell in low-temperature weather to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell, and the first refrigerator arranged on the second loop can also provide a cooling function for the vehicle cab in high-temperature weather, so as to improve the comfort of the driver and passengers to the environment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first circuit is filled with a cooling fluid, and the first circuit includes a first main circuit, a first branch circuit, a second branch circuit, and a third branch circuit;
along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, a first water pump and the fuel cell are arranged on the first main path, the first radiator is arranged on the first branch path, the PTC heater is arranged on the second branch path, the first branch path and the second branch path are connected in parallel on the first main path, the ion filter is arranged on the third branch path, and the third branch path is connected with the first main path and the second branch path.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second circuit is filled with refrigerant, and the second circuit includes a second main circuit, a fourth branch circuit, and a fifth branch circuit;
along the flowing direction of the refrigerant, a compressor and a condenser are arranged on the second main path, a first valve and a first refrigerator are arranged on the fourth branch path, a second valve and a second refrigerator are arranged on the fifth branch path, and the fourth branch path and the fifth branch path are connected in parallel on the second main path.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fuel cell cooling system further comprises a third circuit, and the third circuit is filled with a cooling liquid;
along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, a second radiator, a second water pump, an air compressor controller, a motor controller, a voltage converter and a motor are arranged on the third loop;
the second heat sink is disposed between the first refrigerator and the first heat sink;
the air compressor controller is connected in parallel to the air compressor.
In some embodiments of the invention, a first expansion tank is further disposed on the first loop, and the first expansion tank is disposed between the first radiator and the first water pump.
In some embodiments of the invention, a second expansion tank is further provided on the third circuit, and the second expansion tank is provided between the motor and the second water pump.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a fuel cell cooling module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
The reference symbols in the drawings denote the following:
1. a first refrigerator;
2. a first heat sink;
3. a fan;
4. a grid;
5. a first circuit; 51. a first main road; 52. a first branch; 53. a second branch circuit; 54. a third branch; 511. a first water pump; 512. a fuel cell; 521. a first expansion tank; 531. a PTC heater; 541. an ion filter.
6. A second loop; 61. a second main road; 62. a fourth branch; 63. a fifth branch; 611. a compressor; 612. a condenser; 621. a first valve; 631. a second valve; 632. a second refrigerator;
7. a third circuit; 71. a second heat sink; 72. a second water pump; 73. an air compressor; 74. an air compressor controller; 75. a motor controller; 76. a voltage converter; 77. a motor; 78. a second expansion tank.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell cooling module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first refrigerator 1, the first refrigerator 1 being arranged to reduce a gas temperature;
a first radiator 2, the first radiator 2 being disposed behind the first refrigerator 1 in the flow direction of the gas, and the first radiator 2 being disposed for connecting with a fuel cell 512 and cooling the fuel cell 512;
wherein the gas is cooled and flows along the first refrigerator 1 to the first radiator 2, the gas being arranged to cool the first radiator 2.
According to the fuel cell cooling module of the embodiment of the present invention, the first heat sink 2 is connected to the fuel cell 512, heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell 512 is transferred to the coolant of the first heat sink 2, the first heat sink 2 exchanges heat with the gas in the external environment to cool the coolant, so as to cool the fuel cell 512, the first refrigerator 1 is disposed in front of the first heat sink 2 along the flowing direction of the gas, the temperature of the gas flowing to the first heat sink 2 can be reduced by the first refrigerator 1, the temperature difference between the cooled gas and the coolant is increased, the heat dissipation power of the first heat sink 2 can be increased, the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by small temperature difference between the gas and the coolant in high temperature weather is solved, and compared with the prior art, the condenser 612 is only replaced by the first refrigerator 1, on the one hand, the cost of modification is reduced, and on the other hand, the cooling requirement of the fuel cell 512 can be satisfied in the limited space of the vehicle without the need to modify the size of the first radiator 2 to a large size.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell cooling module further includes a fan 3, the fan 3 is disposed behind the first heat sink 2 in the flow direction of the gas, i.e. between the first heat sink 2 and the fuel cell 512, and the fan 3 can increase the flow speed of the gas around the first heat sink 2, thereby increasing the heat exchange speed between the first heat sink 2 and the external environment and increasing the heat dissipation power of the first heat sink 2.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fuel cell cooling module further comprises a grid 4, in the flow direction of the gas, the grid 4 being arranged in front of the first refrigerator 1, i.e., in the flow direction of the gas, the fuel cell cooling module includes, in order, a grill 4, a first refrigerator 1, a first radiator 2, a fan 3, and a fuel cell 512, the grill 4 being an intake grill 4 at the front of the vehicle, the provision of the grill 4 has several effects, first, the first refrigerator 1, the first radiator 2, the fan 3 and the fuel cell 512 can be protected, the grille 4 can block the foreign matters with larger size at the outer side of the grille 4, prevent the foreign matters from entering to cause the damage of a certain part, secondly, the grille 4 can ensure the continuous conveying of the gas, during the travel of the vehicle, the gas enters from the outside of the vehicle via the grille 4 and is cooled by the first refrigerator 1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first refrigerator 1 is an evaporator, a semiconductor refrigerator, etc., and in one embodiment, the first refrigerator 1 is an evaporator filled with a refrigerant, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas in the external environment to reduce the temperature of the gas.
As shown in fig. 2, a fuel cell cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first circuit 5, a second circuit 6, and a fuel cell cooling module according to any one of claims 1 to 4:
the first radiator 2 and the fuel cell 512 are arranged on the first circuit 5, the first circuit 5 being arranged to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell 512;
the first refrigerator 1 is arranged on the second circuit 6, the second circuit 6 being arranged to cool the first refrigerator 1 and the vehicle cabin.
The fuel cell cooling system according to the embodiment of the present invention has the same advantages as the fuel cell cooling module described above, and therefore, the description is omitted, and in addition, the first loop 5 and the second loop 6 can enhance the cooling of the fuel cell 512 in a high temperature weather, the first loop 5 can also achieve the purpose of increasing the temperature of the fuel cell 512 in a low temperature weather to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell 512, and the second loop 6 is provided with a refrigerant, which continuously circulates and continuously cools the first refrigerator 1 and can also provide a cooling function for the vehicle cabin in a high temperature weather, so that the first radiator 2 can improve the comfort of the driver and passengers to the environment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, arrows indicate the flow direction of the coolant, the first circuit 5 can cool the fuel cell 512 in high-temperature weather, and can also raise the temperature of the fuel cell 512 in low-temperature weather to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell 512, the first circuit 5 is filled with the coolant, the first circuit 5 includes a first main path 51, a first branch path 52, a second branch path 53 and a third branch path 54, in the flow direction of the coolant, the first main path 51 is provided with a first water pump 511 and the fuel cell 512, the fuel cell 512 is used as a power source of the whole vehicle to provide power for the vehicle, the first water pump 511 is used for driving the coolant in the first circuit 5 to cool the fuel cell 512 and perform rapid circulation, the first radiator 2 is arranged on the first branch path 52, the coolant after cooling the fuel cell 512 enters the first branch path 52 from the first main path 51, the heat exchange is carried out between the position of the first radiator 2 and the gas cooled by the first refrigerator 1, then the gas flows to the first main path 51 to cool the fuel cell 512, the second branch path 53 is provided with a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient thermistor) heater, the PTC heater 531 is in a non-working state in high Temperature weather, the PTC heater 531 works in low Temperature weather to heat the cooling liquid, so as to facilitate the low Temperature cold start of the fuel cell 512 and the normal operation of the fuel cell 512 in low Temperature condition, whether the PTC works can be realized by arranging a Temperature sensor to detect the outside Temperature, the cooling liquid enters the second branch path 53 from the first main path 51, the PTC heater 531 heats the cooling liquid, the heated cooling liquid enters the first main path 51 to heat the fuel cell 512, only one of the PTC heater 531 and the first refrigerator 1 is in a working state under any condition, that is, the first refrigerator 1 operates in a high temperature weather, the PTC heater 531 operates in a low temperature weather, the first branch 52 and the second branch 53 are both connected in parallel to the first main path 51, the third branch 54 is provided with an ion filter 541, the ion filter 541 is provided to perform ion filtration on the coolant, the third branch 54 is connected to the first main path 51 and the second branch 53, and specifically, the third branch 54 is connected to the rear end of the first main path 51 fuel cell 512 and the front end of the PTC heater 531 of the second branch 53.
The first circuit 5 is further provided with a first expansion tank 521, the first expansion tank 521 is arranged between the first radiator 2 and the first water pump 511, and gas in the coolant in the first circuit 5 can be discharged by the arrangement of the first expansion tank 521, so that gas-liquid separation is realized.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, arrows indicate a flow direction of the refrigerant, the second circuit 6 is a refrigeration circuit, the second circuit 6 is filled with the refrigerant, the second circuit 6 includes a second main path 61, a fourth branch path 62 and a fifth branch path 63, along a flow direction of the refrigerant, the second main path 61 is provided with a compressor 611 and a condenser 612, the compressor 611 compresses the refrigerant in the second main path 61 to change the refrigerant into a high-pressure and high-temperature gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows through the condenser 612, exchanges heat with the external environment to dissipate heat and become a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid is divided into two paths, the first path enters the fourth branch path 62 to cool the gas entering from the grille 4 and enhance the heat exchange with the first radiator 2, the fourth branch path 62 is provided with a first valve 621 and a first refrigerator 1, the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid flows to the first refrigerator 1 to cool the gas entering from the grating 4, the other path enters the fifth branch 63, the fifth branch 63 is used for cooling the cabin and cooling the cabin as an air conditioner in high-temperature weather, the fifth branch 63 is provided with a second valve 631, and a second cooler 632, the low-temperature high-pressure liquid is changed into the low-temperature low-pressure liquid through the second valve 631, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid flows to the second refrigerator 632 to cool the cab, the vehicle air conditioner and the fuel cell cooling system share a refrigeration device, the cost is further reduced, the refrigerant continuously circulates in the second loop 6, the refrigerant coming out of the second main path 61 is divided into two paths and respectively enters the fourth branch 62 and the fifth branch 63, and the refrigerant returns to the second main path 61 after passing through the fourth branch 62 and the fifth branch 63 and is changed into the high-pressure high-temperature gas through the compressor 611 and the condenser 612 to continuously circulate.
Among them, the first and second valves 621 and 631 are electronic expansion valves, and the supply amounts of the refrigerants required by the first and second refrigerators 1 and 632 can be adjusted according to a preset program, and the second refrigerator 632 is an evaporator, a semiconductor refrigerator, etc., and in one embodiment, the second refrigerator 632 is an evaporator.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, arrows indicate a flow direction of the cooling liquid, the fuel cell cooling system further includes a third loop 7, the third loop 7 is filled with the cooling liquid, along the flow direction of the cooling liquid, the third loop 7 is provided with a second radiator 71, a second water pump 72, an air compressor 73, an air compressor controller 74, a motor controller 75, a voltage converter 76, and a motor 77, the third loop 7 cools other components of the vehicle, and is implemented by the first refrigerator 1 during cooling, the second radiator 71 is disposed between the first refrigerator 1 and the first radiator 2, after the first refrigerator 1 cools the gas, the gas firstly passes through the second radiator 71 to exchange heat with the second radiator 71, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid in the third loop 7, the cooling liquid further cools the air 73, the motor 77, and the like, and the second water pump 72 is used for driving the cooling liquid in the third loop 7 to cool the components on the third loop 7 And the circulation is fast, the air compressor 73 compresses air, the air compressor controller 74 controls the air compressor 73 to work, the motor 77 drives the vehicle to run, the motor controller 75 controls the motor 77 to work, the voltage converter 76 converts the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell 512 into the voltage value required by the motor 77, the second water pump 72, the air compressor 73, the motor 77 and the like can generate heat in the running process, and the components are cooled by arranging the third loop 7, so that the normal running of the cooling system is ensured.
The air compressor controller 74 is connected in parallel to the air compressor 73, the third circuit 7 is further provided with a second expansion tank 78, the second expansion tank 78 is arranged between the motor 77 and the second water pump 72, and gas in the coolant in the third circuit 7 can be discharged by the second expansion tank 78, so that gas-liquid separation is realized.
The following data illustrate the effects of the present application and the prior art:
in the prior art, the heat dissipation capacity of the condenser 612 is 4KW-6KW, and the temperature of the air is increased by 5-8 ℃ after passing through the condenser 612. The heat dissipation capacity of the low-temperature radiator is 20kW, the air temperature rises to 6-7.5 ℃ after passing through the low-temperature radiator by calculation, the temperature of cooling air rises to 11-15.5 ℃ through the condenser 612 and the low-temperature radiator, namely, the liquid-gas temperature difference of the radiator of the fuel cell 512 is reduced by 11-15.5 ℃, the cooling air is heated by the air-conditioning condenser 612 and the low-temperature radiator by assuming that the liquid-gas temperature difference of the radiator of the primary fuel cell 512 is 30 ℃, the performance of the radiator of the fuel cell 512 is reduced by about 37-52 percent, the cooling requirement of the fuel cell 512 can be met only by correspondingly increasing the size of the low-temperature radiator and the size of the fan 3, but the layout space of a vehicle cannot meet the requirements of increasing the size of the low-;
the temperature of the environment where the vehicle is located is 40 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the core size of the first refrigerator 1 is 300mm × 300mm, the enthalpy h1 of the inlet of the first refrigerator 1 is 104kj/kg according to the psychrometric chart of the humid air, the mass of the air passing through the first refrigerator 1 is m, m is density, volume is wind speed, the area of the first refrigerator 1, and the wind speed range after the air enters the grid 4 is as follows: 5.7-6.8m/s, ambient temperature 40 ℃ and air density of 1.113kg/m3The formula of heat is Q ═ h-m，Q1＝104*1.113*(5.7-6.8)*0.09＝60.5kW-72.5kW；
The first refrigerator 1 requires 30 ℃ of temperature and 50% of humidity, queries the enthalpy-humidity diagram of the humid air to obtain an enthalpy value h2 which is 64.1kj/kg, and has an air density of 1.165kg/m at an ambient temperature of 30 DEG C3，Q2＝64.1*1.165*(5.7-6.8)*0.09＝38kW-45.7kW；
Through calculation, the heat dissipating capacity Q3 of the first refrigerator 1 is Q1-Q2 (the heat absorbing capacity of the first refrigerator 1 is high heat at the front end of the outside of the first refrigerator 1-low heat at the rear end of the outside of the first refrigerator 1 is 22.5kW-26.8kW, the temperature of air passing through the first refrigerator 1 can be reduced by Δ t is Q3/(C M), C is the constant pressure specific heat of air, M is the mass of air, and Δ t is calculated to be 8 ℃ -8.5 ℃, namely the liquid-gas temperature difference of the first radiator 2 can be increased by more than or equal to 8 ℃;
supposing that the requirement of the original liquid-gas temperature difference is delta t 1-30 ℃, the liquid-gas temperature difference delta t2 is not less than 38 ℃, the heat dissipation capacity of the original fuel cell 512 heat dissipation module is Q1, the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell 512 heat dissipation module is Q2, and according to the formula Q-C M-delta t, the Q2 is 26.7% larger than the Q1, namely under the condition of the same size and the same performance, the heat exchange performance of the fuel cell cooling module adopting the method is improved by 26.7%.
According to the data comparison, the cooling system can be used for not only low-power fuel cell 512 vehicles but also high-power fuel cell 512 vehicles, the heat generated by the high-power output fuel cell 512 is large, the temperature difference between gas and cooling liquid can be effectively increased by adopting the technical scheme of the cooling system, and the cooling effect is obvious.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell cooling module, comprising:
a first refrigerator configured to reduce a gas temperature;
a first radiator disposed behind the first refrigerator in a flow direction of the gas, and configured to be connected with a fuel cell and cool the fuel cell;
wherein the gas is cooled and then flows along the first refrigerator to the first radiator, and the gas is configured to cool the first radiator.
2. The fuel cell cooling module of claim 1, further comprising:
a fan disposed between the first heat sink and the fuel cell.
3. The fuel cell cooling module of claim 1, further comprising:
a grill disposed before the first refrigerator in a direction in which the gas flows.
4. The fuel cell cooling module of claim 1, wherein the first refrigerator is an evaporator.
5. A fuel cell cooling system comprising a first circuit, a second circuit, and a fuel cell cooling module according to any one of claims 1 to 4:
the first radiator and the fuel cell are arranged on the first loop, and the first loop is arranged to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell;
the first refrigerator is disposed on the second circuit, which is configured to cool the first refrigerator and a vehicle cabin.
6. The fuel cell cooling system of claim 5, wherein the first circuit is filled with a cooling fluid, and the first circuit includes a first main circuit, a first branch circuit, a second branch circuit, and a third branch circuit;
along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, a first water pump and the fuel cell are arranged on the first main path, the first radiator is arranged on the first branch path, the PTC heater is arranged on the second branch path, the first branch path and the second branch path are connected in parallel on the first main path, the ion filter is arranged on the third branch path, and the third branch path is connected with the first main path and the second branch path.
7. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 5, wherein the second circuit is filled with the refrigerant, and the second circuit includes a second main path, a fourth branch path, and a fifth branch path;
along the flowing direction of the refrigerant, a compressor and a condenser are arranged on the second main path, a first valve and a first refrigerator are arranged on the fourth branch path, a second valve and a second refrigerator are arranged on the fifth branch path, and the fourth branch path and the fifth branch path are connected in parallel on the second main path.
8. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 5, further comprising a third circuit, and the third circuit is filled with a cooling liquid;
along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, a second radiator, a second water pump, an air compressor controller, a motor controller, a voltage converter and a motor are arranged on the third loop;
the second heat sink is disposed between the first refrigerator and the first heat sink;
the air compressor controller is connected in parallel to the air compressor.
9. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 6, wherein a first expansion tank is further provided on the first circuit, the first expansion tank being provided between the first radiator and the first water pump.
10. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 8, wherein a second expansion tank is further provided on the third circuit, the second expansion tank being provided between the motor and the second water pump.
CN201911419148.8A 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 Fuel cell cooling module and fuel cell cooling system Pending CN111071072A (en)

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