CN111069773B - Automatic optical power adjusting method and system - Google Patents

Automatic optical power adjusting method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111069773B
CN111069773B CN201911246591.XA CN201911246591A CN111069773B CN 111069773 B CN111069773 B CN 111069773B CN 201911246591 A CN201911246591 A CN 201911246591A CN 111069773 B CN111069773 B CN 111069773B
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laser
power
velocity vector
temperature value
workpiece
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CN111069773A (en
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龚汉利
陈如意
尹钢
傅法煜
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Wuhan Gaosiyi Cnc Co ltd
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Wuhan Gaosiyi Cnc Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic optical power adjusting method and a system thereof, which establish a first relational expression between a laser motion velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between a temperature value near a movement track of a measured workpiece and a laser motion velocity vector by measuring the laser motion velocity vector and a temperature value near the movement track of the laser output beam, obtain a value interval of the laser motion velocity vector according to a preset temperature value interval and the second relational expression, and obtain a laser output power interval according to the first relational expression. The value range of the temperature value near the moving track of the workpiece to be measured is used as a limit value, so that the condition that the workpiece to be measured is burnt unevenly due to overlarge or insufficient output power of the laser is prevented.

Description

Automatic optical power adjusting method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of handheld laser welding, in particular to an automatic light power adjusting method and system.
Background
The laser welding technology is characterized in that the surface of a workpiece is heated by laser radiation, surface heat is diffused inwards through heat conduction, and the workpiece is melted by controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, repetition frequency and the like of laser pulse to form a specific molten pool, so that the purpose of welding is achieved. The laser power and the moving speed have certain influence on the processing technology, if the laser power is kept unchanged all the time in the moving process of the laser, the laser ablation of workpiece materials is serious in a low-speed place, and the degree of laser ablation of a workpiece in a high-speed place is possibly insufficient, so that the technological requirement of ablation uniformity of a welded workpiece cannot be met. The invention provides an automatic optical power adjusting method and an automatic optical power adjusting system, which can adjust laser output power according to speed and temperature and improve the accuracy of laser power adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an automatic optical power adjusting method and system, which can adjust the laser output power according to the speed and the temperature, and improve the accuracy of laser power adjustment.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides an automatic optical power adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting a laser movement velocity vector through an acceleration sensor, measuring a temperature value of a laser output beam near a movement track of a measured workpiece through a temperature detector, and establishing a first relational expression between the laser movement velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between the temperature value near the movement track of the measured workpiece and the laser movement velocity vector;
s2, presetting a temperature value range for burning the detected workpiece, obtaining a value range of a laser motion velocity vector according to a second relational expression and the temperature value range, and obtaining a laser output power range according to the first relational expression;
and S3, adjusting the output power of the laser according to the output power of the laser by the laser.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the first relation between the laser motion velocity vector and the laser output power is:
P＝AeV；
wherein, P is the output power of the laser; v is a laser movement velocity vector; a is a constant and A is greater than 0.
Further preferably, the second relation between the temperature value near the moving track of the measured workpiece and the motion velocity vector of the laser is as follows:
T＝αexp(-V)；
wherein T is a temperature value; v is a laser movement velocity vector; alpha is heat expansionThe scattering rate; when the motion velocity vector V of the laser changes, and the temperature value T near the moving track of the measured workpiece meets T e [ T ∈ [ [ T ]min,Tmax]，TminTo burn the lowest temperature, T, of the workpiece being measuredmaxIn order to cut off the maximum temperature value of the workpiece to be measured, the output power of the laser is synchronously increased at a constant speed according to the first relational expression.
On the other hand, the invention provides an optical power automatic regulating system, which comprises an acceleration detecting circuit, a controller, a power regulating circuit and a laser which are electrically connected in sequence, and also comprises a temperature detecting circuit which is electrically connected with an I/O port of the controller;
the acceleration detection circuit detects the movement velocity vector of the laser movement and transmits the movement velocity vector to the controller;
the temperature detection circuit detects the surface temperature value of the laser beam emitted by the laser on the workpiece to be detected and transmits the temperature value to the controller;
and the controller calculates a corresponding power value according to the motion speed vector and the temperature value and a preset relation among temperature, speed and power, controls the power regulating circuit to output a corresponding PWM signal according to the power value, and drives the laser to regulate the output power of the laser.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the power adjusting circuit includes a PWM control circuit, a laser enable control circuit, and a laser power control circuit;
the PWM output end of the controller is electrically connected with the laser through a PWM control circuit; the enabling end of the controller is electrically connected with the enabling end of the laser through the laser enabling control circuit; the digital output end of the controller is electrically connected with the switching value input end of the laser through the laser power control circuit;
the laser enable control circuit generates a voltage switching value to control the enable of the laser, the laser power control circuit generates a voltage analog value for controlling the output power of the laser, and the PWM control circuit generates a PWM control signal for controlling the output current of the laser.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the controller preferably further comprises a focusing mirror driving circuit electrically connected with the I/O port of the controller;
the focusing mirror driving circuit drives the rotation speed of the eccentric focusing mirror in the handheld welding head.
On the basis of the above technical solution, it is preferable that the controller further includes a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the controller communication port.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic optical power adjusting method and the system thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method comprises the steps of establishing a first relational expression between a laser motion velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between a temperature value near a detected workpiece motion track and a laser motion velocity vector by measuring the laser motion velocity vector and the temperature value near the detected workpiece motion track of a laser output beam, obtaining a value interval of the laser motion velocity vector according to a preset temperature value interval and the second relational expression, and obtaining a laser output power interval according to the first relational expression. The value range of the temperature value near the moving track of the workpiece to be measured is used as a limit value, so that the condition that the workpiece to be measured is burnt unevenly due to overlarge or insufficient output power of the laser is prevented;
(2) the laser power control circuit is arranged to generate a voltage analog quantity for controlling the output power of the laser, the PWM control circuit is arranged to generate a PWM signal for controlling the output current of the laser, and then a laser power supply in the laser is controlled to generate high-voltage direct current to drive the laser to emit light, the power is controlled by the PWM signal and the voltage analog quantity, and the laser power control circuit mainly has the functions of realizing the generation of laser and adjusting the power;
(3) the rotating speed of the eccentric focusing mirror is controlled by setting the driving circuit of the focusing mirror, the propagation path of the laser beam is changed rapidly and accurately, a focusing light spot is formed on a die cutting plane, and the welding of a wide welding seam workpiece is realized at high precision and high speed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an automatic optical power adjustment method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic optical power adjusting system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an automatic optical power adjusting method of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, detecting a laser movement velocity vector through an acceleration sensor, measuring a temperature value of a laser output beam near a movement track of a measured workpiece through a temperature detector, and establishing a first relational expression between the laser movement velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between the temperature value near the movement track of the measured workpiece and the laser movement velocity vector;
s2, presetting a temperature value range for burning the detected workpiece, obtaining a value range of a laser motion velocity vector according to a second relational expression and the temperature value range, and obtaining a laser output power range according to the first relational expression;
and S3, adjusting the output power of the laser according to the output power of the laser by the laser.
In this embodiment, let the laser motion velocity vector be V, the laser output power be P, and the temperature value near the movement track of the workpiece to be measured be T, where the first relation between the laser motion velocity vector and the laser output power is:
P＝AeV；
wherein, P is the output power of the laser; v is a laser movement velocity vector; a is a constant and A is greater than 0. From the first relation, the laser output power P is proportional to the laser motion velocity vector V.
In the prior art, the output power of a laser is generally adjusted through a first relational expression, however, in the laser processing process, the temperature of laser output beams generated on a detected workpiece is different due to different materials of the detected workpiece, some materials have good temperature resistance and some materials have poor temperature resistance, if the output power of the laser is adjusted only by using a laser movement velocity vector, the temperature resistance of the material of the detected workpiece is not considered, and even if the output energy of the laser is constant, the problem that the detected workpiece is not ablated sufficiently or is ablated excessively sufficiently can also exist. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, in this embodiment, a temperature value near a laser beam moving track on the measured workpiece is added as a reference parameter for adjusting the output power of the laser, so that the adjustment accuracy of the output power of the laser is more accurate, and the measured workpiece is uniformly ablated.
In this embodiment, the temperature value near the moving track of the laser beam on the workpiece to be measured is detected by the laser processing surface temperature measuring device. On the premise that the output power of the laser is constant, the faster the laser moves, the less energy of the laser output beam in unit area striking the workpiece to be detected is, the lower the temperature value near the moving track on the workpiece to be detected is, and the inverse relation between the temperature value near the moving track of the workpiece to be detected and the motion speed vector of the laser can be seen. In the embodiment, an exponential function is finally selected as a functional relation between a temperature value near the moving track of the workpiece to be measured and the motion velocity vector of the laser through fitting of multiple groups of experimental data. Specifically, a second relation between the temperature value near the moving track of the measured workpiece and the motion velocity vector of the laser is as follows:
T＝αexp(-V)；
wherein T is a temperature value; v is a laser movement velocity vector; α is thermal diffusivity. In this embodiment, the inverse ratio of temperature and speed can be seen from the second relation. The highest temperature resistance value of the workpiece to be measured and the surface temperature at normal temperature are required to be obtained before solving the above formula, and the temperature of the moving track on the workpiece to be measured under a certain power can be obtained by solving the above formula.
The output power of the laser at a certain speed can be obtained through the first relational expression, and the value interval of the motion speed vector of the laser can be obtained through the second relational expression according to the value interval of the temperature for burning the detected workpiece. In order to simultaneously take account of the balance of the laser motion velocity vector, the temperature of the moving track on the measured workpiece and the laser output power, the laser output power is obtained by comprehensively evaluating the motion velocity vector and the temperature value. The method comprises the following specific steps:
when the motion velocity vector V of the laser changes, and the temperature value T near the moving track of the measured workpiece meets T e [ T ∈ [ [ T ]min,Tmax]Wherein, TminThe lowest temperature for burning the workpiece to be measured is the corresponding laser motion velocity vector Vmax, TmaxIn order to cut off the maximum temperature value of the measured workpiece, the corresponding laser motion velocity vector V is minimum at the temperature, and at the moment, the temperature value T is obtained according to the second relational expression and is TminWhen the corresponding motion velocity vector V is VmaxThe temperature value T is TmaxWhen the corresponding motion velocity vector V is VminTherefore, the value range of the motion velocity vector V can be obtained as [ Vmin,Vmax]And obtaining the laser output power interval according to the first relational expression.
The beneficial effect of this embodiment does: the method comprises the steps of establishing a first relational expression between a laser motion velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between a temperature value near a detected workpiece motion track and a laser motion velocity vector by measuring the laser motion velocity vector and the temperature value near the detected workpiece motion track of a laser output beam, obtaining a value interval of the laser motion velocity vector according to a preset temperature value interval and the second relational expression, and obtaining a laser output power interval according to the first relational expression. The value range of the temperature value near the moving track of the workpiece to be measured is used as a limit value, so that the condition that the workpiece to be measured is burnt unevenly due to overlarge or insufficient output power of the laser is prevented.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an automatic optical power adjusting system, as shown in fig. 2, which includes an acceleration detecting circuit, a controller, a power adjusting circuit, a laser, a temperature detecting circuit and a focusing mirror driving circuit electrically connected to an I/O port of the controller, and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to a controller communication port.
The acceleration detection circuit detects the movement velocity vector of the laser movement and transmits the movement velocity vector to the controller;
the temperature detection circuit detects the surface temperature value of the laser beam emitted by the laser on the workpiece to be detected and transmits the temperature value to the controller;
the focusing mirror driving circuit drives the offset angle of a focusing mirror in the laser. In this embodiment, the focusing mirror driving circuit receives a control instruction issued by the controller, controls the rotation speed of the eccentric focusing mirror, changes the propagation path of the laser beam rapidly and accurately, forms a focusing light spot on the die cutting plane, and realizes welding of a wide-weld workpiece with high precision and high speed.
And the controller calculates a corresponding power value according to the motion speed vector and the temperature value and a preset relation among temperature, speed and power, controls the power regulating circuit to output a corresponding PWM signal according to the power value, and drives the laser to regulate the output power of the laser. In this embodiment, the controller adopts an STM32 series chip, wherein an STM32 series chip includes a DA interface and a PWM interface.
And the power regulating circuit regulates the power of the laser according to the PWM signal output by the controller. In this embodiment, the power regulating circuit includes a PWM control circuit, a laser enable control circuit, and a laser power control circuit; the specific connection relationship is as follows: the PWM output end of the controller is electrically connected with the laser through a PWM control circuit; the enabling end of the controller is electrically connected with the enabling end of the laser through the laser enabling control circuit; the digital output end of the controller is electrically connected with the switching value input end of the laser through the laser power control circuit.
The laser enable control circuit generates a voltage switching value to control the laser enable, and in this embodiment, the laser enable control circuit controls the laser input enable.
The laser power control circuit generates voltage analog quantity for controlling the output power of the laser, the PWM control circuit generates PWM signals for controlling the output current of the laser, a laser power supply in the laser is controlled to generate high-voltage direct current to drive the laser to emit light through the voltage of the PWM signals and the voltage analog quantity, the power is controlled by the PWM signals and the voltage analog quantity, and the laser power control circuit mainly has the functions of achieving the generation of laser and adjusting the power.
The beneficial effect of this embodiment does: the laser power control circuit is arranged to generate a voltage analog quantity for controlling the output power of the laser, the PWM control circuit is arranged to generate a PWM signal for controlling the output current of the laser, and then a laser power supply in the laser is controlled to generate high-voltage direct current to drive the laser to emit light, the power is controlled by the PWM signal and the voltage analog quantity, and the laser power control circuit mainly has the functions of realizing the generation of laser and adjusting the power;
the rotating speed of the eccentric focusing mirror is controlled by setting the driving circuit of the focusing mirror, the propagation path of the laser beam is changed rapidly and accurately, a focusing light spot is formed on a die cutting plane, and the welding of a wide welding seam workpiece is realized at high precision and high speed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. An optical power automatic regulating method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting a laser movement velocity vector through an acceleration sensor, measuring a temperature value of a laser output beam near a movement track of a measured workpiece through a temperature detector, and establishing a first relational expression between the laser movement velocity vector and laser output power and a second relational expression between the temperature value near the movement track of the measured workpiece and the laser movement velocity vector;
the first relation between the laser motion velocity vector and the laser output power is as follows: p ═ AeV(ii) a Wherein, P is the output power of the laser; v is a laser movement velocity vector; a is a constant and is greater than 0;
the second relational expression of the temperature value near the moving track of the measured workpiece and the motion speed vector of the laser is as follows: t ═ α exp (-V); wherein T is a temperature value; v is a laser movement velocity vector; α is thermal diffusivity; when the motion velocity vector V of the laser changes, and the temperature value T near the moving track of the measured workpiece meets T e [ T ∈ [ [ T ]min,Tmax]，TminTo burn the lowest temperature, T, of the workpiece being measuredmaxIn order to cut off the maximum temperature value of the workpiece to be measured, the output power of the laser is synchronously increased at a constant speed according to a first relational expression;
s2, presetting a temperature value range for burning the detected workpiece, obtaining a value range of a laser motion velocity vector according to a second relational expression and the temperature value range, and obtaining a laser output power range according to the first relational expression;
and S3, adjusting the output power of the laser according to the output power of the laser by the laser.
2. The utility model provides a light power automatic regulating system, its acceleration detection circuit, controller, power conditioning circuit and laser instrument that include electric connection in order, its characterized in that: the temperature detection circuit is electrically connected with the I/O port of the controller;
the acceleration detection circuit detects the movement velocity vector of the laser movement and transmits the movement velocity vector to the controller;
the temperature detection circuit detects the surface temperature value of the laser beam emitted by the laser on the workpiece to be detected and transmits the temperature value to the controller;
the controller calculates a corresponding power value according to the relationship of the temperature, the speed and the power preset according to claim 1 according to the motion speed vector and the temperature value, and controls the power regulating circuit to output a corresponding PWM signal according to the power value, wherein the PWM signal drives the laser to regulate the output power of the laser.
3. An optical power automatic regulating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the power regulating circuit comprises a PWM control circuit, a laser enabling control circuit and a laser power control circuit;
the PWM output end of the controller is electrically connected with the laser through a PWM control circuit; the enabling end of the controller is electrically connected with the enabling end of the laser through the laser enabling control circuit; the digital output end of the controller is electrically connected with the switching value input end of the laser through the laser power control circuit;
the laser enabling control circuit generates a voltage switching value to control the enabling of the laser, the laser power control circuit generates a voltage analog value for controlling the output power of the laser, and the PWM control circuit generates a PWM control signal for controlling the output current of the laser.
4. An optical power automatic regulating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the focusing mirror driving circuit is electrically connected with an I/O port of the controller;
the focusing mirror driving circuit drives the offset angle of a focusing mirror in the laser.
5. An optical power automatic regulating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wireless transmission module is electrically connected with the communication port of the controller.
CN201911246591.XA 2019-12-07 2019-12-07 Automatic optical power adjusting method and system Active CN111069773B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102843191A (en) * 2012-09-29 2012-12-26 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 Method and device for adjusting emitted light power of optical module
CN104002044A (en) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-27 湖南大学 Non-penetration laser welding apparatus and non-penetration laser welding method
JP2017164801A (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 ファナック株式会社 Mechanical learning device, laser processing system and mechanical learning method
CN108856709A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-11-23 苏州大学 A kind of laser gain material manufacture on-line monitoring method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102843191A (en) * 2012-09-29 2012-12-26 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 Method and device for adjusting emitted light power of optical module
CN104002044A (en) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-27 湖南大学 Non-penetration laser welding apparatus and non-penetration laser welding method
JP2017164801A (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 ファナック株式会社 Mechanical learning device, laser processing system and mechanical learning method
CN108856709A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-11-23 苏州大学 A kind of laser gain material manufacture on-line monitoring method

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