CN111069762A - Long-life backfill friction stir welding instrument - Google Patents
Long-life backfill friction stir welding instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN111069762A CN111069762A CN202010019044.4A CN202010019044A CN111069762A CN 111069762 A CN111069762 A CN 111069762A CN 202010019044 A CN202010019044 A CN 202010019044A CN 111069762 A CN111069762 A CN 111069762A
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- heating
- machine head
- friction stir
- stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a long-life backfill friction stir welding tool, which comprises a machine head, a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder, a lining, a back support and a heating lantern ring, wherein the stirring pin is arranged on the machine head; the stirring pin, the shaft shoulder and the bushing are arranged on the machine head; the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder are rotationally connected with the machine head; the back support comprises a connecting plate, a backing plate and a heating rod; one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the machine head, and the other end of the connecting plate extends to the lower part of the lining; the backing plate is horizontally arranged, is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and corresponds to the bush up and down; the heating rod is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower part of the backing plate, the diameter of the heating rod is smaller than that of the backing plate, and the heating lantern ring is sleeved on the heating rod. The heating lantern ring is arranged to heat the support base plate, the welding spot position of the welded material is preheated before welding, and the temperature of the welding spot position is raised; thus reducing the residual stress on the material and reducing the generation of cold cracks; meanwhile, the position is softened, so that the vertical upsetting force applied to the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder is reduced, and a welding tool is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a backfill type friction stir welding tool, in particular to a backfill friction stir welding tool with a long service life.
Background
Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) is an innovative Welding technique that has been recently developed based on "linear" Friction Stir Welding. FSSW can form a spot welded lap joint with a weld seam appearance similar to resistance spot welding commonly applied to aluminum alloy components, and thus has high utility and research significance.
The backfill type welding method realizes the welding of the joint by controlling the relative motion among all the components of the stirring head. The stirring head mainly comprises a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder and an outermost lining, wherein a cavity is formed by the relative movement of the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder in the welding process, the plastic material is fused and stirred and is filled into the cavity, and the plastic material is refilled into a welding area due to the relative movement of the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder, so that the welding of the welded material at the point is completed in the process.
For example, the chinese invention patent application with the patent application number of 201710099857.7 discloses a wire-filling backfill type friction stir spot welding method and tool, the welding tool comprises a stirring pin, a stirring sleeve (shaft shoulder) movably sleeved on the stirring pin, and a pressing sleeve (lining) movably sleeved on the stirring sleeve (shaft shoulder); the bottom side wall of the pressing sleeve (bushing) is provided with a wire feeding hole, the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve (shaft shoulder) can be upwards withdrawn for a certain distance relative to the pressing sleeve (bushing) and a space for placing the filling material fed from the wire feeding hole is formed at the bottom of the pressing sleeve (bushing). According to the invention, the hole is formed in the pressing sleeve (bushing) for wire filling, the retraction space between the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve (shaft shoulder) is adjusted, wire filling welding is realized, and material loss in the welding process is compensated, so that surface pits and annular grooves of the friction stir spot welding joint are eliminated, and the mechanical property and the attractiveness of the joint are effectively improved.
For example, chinese invention patent application No. 200680053357.X discloses a device for friction stir spot welding, which mainly comprises a rotary tool, a support member, on which a material to be welded is placed in use, and then welded by the rotary tool; which can reduce the load of the friction stir welding apparatus and accurately control the height of the rotary tool.
In the backfill type friction stir spot welding tool disclosed in the two patent applications, a single point position needs to be frequently welded in use, and in the process, when the temperature of a welded material is low, the material has large residual stress, and a welding seam is easy to have cold cracks after welding; meanwhile, the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder can be subjected to larger vertical upsetting force, deformation is easy to generate, the shaft shoulder and the lining are easy to abrade seriously, and the service life of a welding tool is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long-life backfill friction stir welding tool, which can heat a supporting member by arranging a heating part, can heat the welding point position of a welded material in advance before welding, and raises the temperature of the position; thus reducing the residual stress on the material and reducing the generation of cold cracks; meanwhile, the position is softened, so that the vertical upsetting force applied to the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder is reduced, and a welding tool is protected.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a long-life backfill friction stir welding tool comprises a machine head, a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder, a lining and a back support piece; the stirring pin, the shaft shoulder and the bushing are arranged on the machine head; the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder are rotationally connected with the machine head; also comprises a heating lantern ring; the back support comprises a connecting plate, a backing plate and a heating rod; one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the machine head, and the other end of the connecting plate extends to the lower part of the lining; the backing plate is horizontally arranged, is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and corresponds to the bush up and down; the heating rod is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower part of the backing plate, the diameter of the heating rod is smaller than that of the backing plate, and the heating lantern ring is sleeved on the heating rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, when in use, the heating lantern ring heats the heating rod, so that the heating rod has a certain temperature and transfers the heat to the backing plate; during spot welding, the backing plate is contacted with a welded material, the area is heated within 1.5-3 seconds to soften the material, and then the point is welded by matching of a stirring pin and a shaft shoulder. Compared with the prior art, when the temperature of the material is lower, the welding spot position of the material can be heated and softened in advance, so that the residual stress on the material is reduced, and the generation of cold cracks can be reduced after welding; meanwhile, the welding spot is softened, so that the vertical upsetting force applied to the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder is reduced, and a welding tool is protected.
The backing plate is heated, and then the heat of the backing plate is utilized to heat the welding spot area, so that the obvious advantage exists; the high temperature of the backing plate does not affect the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder, so that the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder have reliable mechanical strength and can reliably complete welding; meanwhile, the backing plate can form a heating surface on the welding spot area, heat can be transmitted to the welded material in a centralized mode, and heating efficiency is high.
The invention is further configured to: the heating lantern ring is an electromagnetic induction heater.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, electromagnetic induction heater is the heating control ware based on the electromagnetic induction heating principle manufacturing, and it encircles and can utilize its skin effect to heat for the pole that generates heat fast effectually in the pole outside that generates heat, and heating efficiency is higher.
The invention is further configured to: the lower end of the heating rod is provided with an external thread and is matched with a baffle ring, and the electromagnetic induction heater is limited between the base plate and the baffle ring.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be convenient for install and change the electromagnetic induction heater.
The invention is further configured to: a wire groove is formed in the handpiece, a wire pressing plate is arranged on the wire groove, and the wire pressing plate is arranged on the wire groove in a spanning mode and fixedly connected with the handpiece; the electromagnetic induction heater comprises a power line, and the power line is fixed between the wire groove and the wire pressing plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can avoid the power cord to be scalded by the pole that generates heat or by pin mixer, shaft shoulder damage when the welding.
The invention is further configured to: the two ends of the wire pressing plate are provided with screws and are fixedly connected with the machine head through the screws.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make the fixed comparatively convenient of line ball board.
The invention is further configured to: the lining is fixedly connected with the machine head, and the electromagnetic induction heater is also sleeved on the lining.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the heating efficiency of the welded material is improved, the heating collar can be used for heating the bushing; during spot welding, the lining is matched with the base plate to heat the welding area, and the heating efficiency is high.
The invention is further configured to: the bush is provided with the fender edge in the protrusion of the one end that is close to the aircraft nose.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can reduce the transmission of heat to the aircraft nose direction.
The invention is further configured to: the other end of the bushing is provided with external threads and is matched with a baffle ring, and the electromagnetic induction heater is limited between the baffle edge and the baffle ring.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be convenient for install and change the electromagnetic induction heater.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the heating collar is arranged to heat the heating rod, so that the heating rod has a certain temperature and transfers heat to the backing plate, the backing plate is contacted with a welded material during spot welding, the area is heated within 1.5-3 seconds to soften the material, and then the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder are matched to weld the point position, compared with the prior art, when the temperature of the material is lower, the heating softening can be performed on the welding point position of the material in advance, so that the residual stress on the material is reduced, the generation of cold cracks can be reduced after welding, and meanwhile, the welding point position is softened, the vertical upsetting force applied to the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder is reduced, and a welding tool is protected;
2. set up the heating lantern ring on the bush, can use the heating lantern ring to heat the bush simultaneously, when the spot welding, the bush cooperation backing plate heats the welding area together, and the efficiency of heating is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a long life backfill friction stir welding tool;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure, 1, a machine head; 2. a stirring pin; 3. a shaft shoulder; 4. a bushing; 40. blocking edges; 5. a back support; 50. a connecting plate; 51. a base plate; 52. a heating rod; 6. heating the collar; 60. a connecting ring; 7. a baffle ring; 8. a wire slot; 9. wire pressing plates.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the long-life backfill friction stir welding tool comprises a machine head 1, a stirring pin 2, a shaft shoulder 3, a lining 4 and a heating lantern ring 6; the stirring needle 2, the shaft shoulder 3 and the bush 4 are arranged on the machine head 1; the stirring needle 2 and the shaft shoulder 3 are rotationally connected with the machine head 1, and the bushing 4 is fixedly connected with the machine head 1; the heating lantern ring 6 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lining 4.
The heating collar 6 may be a resistance type heater, and in the present embodiment, the heating collar 6 is an Electromagnetic induction heater (Electromagnetic induction heater), which is a heating controller manufactured based on an Electromagnetic induction heating principle. The principle of electromagnetic induction heating is that alternating current generated by an induction heating power supply generates an alternating magnetic field through an inductor (namely a coil), a magnetic conductive object is arranged in the inductor to cut alternating magnetic lines, so that alternating current (namely eddy current) is generated inside the object, the eddy current enables atoms inside the object to move randomly at high speed, and the atoms collide with each other and rub to generate heat energy, thereby achieving the effect of heating the object. The heating method is a heating method which converts electric energy into magnetic energy and leads the heated steel body to induce the magnetic energy to generate heat. The method fundamentally solves the problem of low efficiency of resistance type heating by a heat conduction mode, such as an electric heating piece, an electric heating ring and the like.
Traditional heating trade, the universal adoption be resistance wire and quartzy heating methods, and this kind of traditional heating methods, its thermal efficiency is than lower, and resistance wire and quartzy mainly lean on the circular telegram back, self generate heat then again heat transfer to the feed cylinder on to play the effect of heating article, the heat utilization ratio of this kind of heating effect is only about 50% at most, in the air is all gived off to the heat about 50% in addition, the electric energy loss of all traditional resistance wire heating methods reaches more than 50%. And through electromagnetic induction heating, produce the magnetic field through the electric current for iron metal pipeline self generates heat, and thermal-insulated material in addition prevents the radiating of pipeline heat, and the heat utilization ratio is up to more than 95%, and the effect of electricity-saving can reach more than 50% in theory, but considers that the energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic induction heating controller of different masses is not too the same to and different production facility and environment, and all electromagnetic heating energy-conserving effects can reach 30% at least generally, can reach 70% the highest.
The electromagnetic induction heater is sleeved on the outer wall of the lining 4; the bushing 4 is provided with a blocking edge 40 at one end close to the machine head 1 in a protruding mode, the other end of the bushing 4 is provided with external threads and matched with a blocking ring 7 with internal threads, and two ends of the electromagnetic induction heater are limited between the blocking edge 40 and the blocking ring 7.
Two rectangular connecting rings 50 are arranged on the outer wall of the electromagnetic induction heater, one side of each connecting ring 50 is attached to the blocking edge 40 and is provided with a screw, and the connecting rings are fixedly connected with the blocking edge 40 through the screws; the rotation of the electromagnetic induction heater can be limited by the arrangement, so that the electromagnetic induction heater is not influenced by vibration in the welding process.
A wire groove 8 is formed in the machine head 1, a wire pressing plate 9 is arranged on the wire groove 8, the wire pressing plate 9 is arranged on the wire groove 8 in a spanning mode, and screws are arranged at two ends of the wire pressing plate and fixedly connected with the machine head 1 through the screws; the power cord of electromagnetic induction heater is fixed in between wire casing 8 and the line ball board 9, can avoid like this that the power cord is scalded by bush 4 or is damaged by pin 2, shaft shoulder 3 when the welding.
The long-life backfill friction stir welding tool also comprises a back support 5; the back support 5 includes a connecting plate 50, a pad plate 51, and a heat generating rod 52; the connecting plate 50 is C-shaped, one end of the connecting plate 50 is fixedly connected with the machine head 1, and the other end of the connecting plate extends to the lower part of the lining 4; the backing plate 51 is horizontally arranged, and the backing plate 51 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 50 and corresponds to the bush 4 up and down; the heating rod 7 is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower part of the backing plate 51, and the diameter of the heating rod 7 is smaller than that of the backing plate 51.
The heating rod 7 is sleeved with a heating lantern ring 6, the lower end of the heating rod 7 is provided with an external thread and is matched with a baffle ring 7, and the heating lantern ring 6 is limited between the backing plate 51 and the baffle ring 7. The heating collar 6 may be a resistance type heater, and in the present embodiment, the heating collar 6 is an electromagnetic induction heater.
The middle part of the connecting plate 50 is provided with a wire groove 8, the wire groove 8 is provided with a wire pressing plate 9, and the power line of the electromagnetic induction heater on the heating rod 7 is clamped between the wire groove 8 and the wire pressing plate 9, so that the power line can be prevented from being scalded or damaged by the stirring needle 2 and the shaft shoulder 3.
When the heating device is used in the embodiment, the heating collar 6 heats the heating rod 52, so that the heating rod 52 has a certain temperature and transfers the heat to the backing plate 51; during spot welding, the backing plate 51 is contacted with a welded material, the area is heated within 1.5-3 seconds to soften the material, and then the stirring pin 2 and the shaft shoulder 3 are matched to weld the point. Compared with the prior art, when the temperature of the material is lower, the welding spot position of the material can be heated and softened in advance, so that the residual stress on the material is reduced, and the generation of cold cracks can be reduced after welding; meanwhile, the welding spot is softened, so that the vertical upsetting force applied to the stirring pin and the shaft shoulder is reduced, and a welding tool is protected.
Meanwhile, when the heating efficiency of the welded materials is to be improved, the heating lantern ring 6 can be used for heating the lining 4 at the same time; in the spot welding, the bush 4 heats the welding area together with the backing plate 51, and the heating efficiency is high.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A long-life backfill friction stir welding tool comprises a machine head (1), a stirring pin (2), a shaft shoulder (3), a lining (4) and a back support piece (5); the stirring needle (2), the shaft shoulder (3) and the bushing (4) are arranged on the machine head (1); the stirring needle (2) and the shaft shoulder (3) are rotationally connected with the machine head (1); the method is characterized in that: also comprises a heating collar (6); the back support (5) comprises a connecting plate (50), a cushion plate (51) and a heating rod (52); one end of the connecting plate (50) is fixedly connected with the machine head (1) and the other end extends to the lower part of the lining (4); the backing plate (51) is horizontally arranged, and the backing plate (51) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (50) and vertically corresponds to the lining (4); the heating rod (52) is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower part of the backing plate (51), the diameter of the heating rod (52) is smaller than that of the backing plate (51), and the heating lantern ring (6) is sleeved on the heating rod (52).
2. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool of claim 1, wherein: the heating lantern ring (6) is an electromagnetic induction heater.
3. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool of claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the heating rod (52) is provided with an external thread and is matched with a baffle ring (7), and the electromagnetic induction heater is limited between the backing plate (51) and the baffle ring (7).
4. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool of claim 2, wherein: a wire groove (8) is formed in the machine head (1), a wire pressing plate (9) is arranged on the wire groove (8), and the wire pressing plate (9) is arranged on the wire groove (8) in a spanning mode and fixedly connected with the machine head (1); the electromagnetic induction heater comprises a power line, and the power line is fixed between the wire groove (8) and the wire pressing plate (9).
5. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool according to claim 4, wherein: two ends of the wire pressing plate (9) are provided with screws and are fixedly connected with the machine head (1) through the screws.
6. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool of claim 2, wherein: the lining (4) is fixedly connected with the machine head (1), and the electromagnetic induction heater is also sleeved on the lining (4).
7. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool according to claim 6, wherein: one end of the bushing (4) close to the machine head (1) is convexly provided with a blocking edge (40).
8. The long life backfill friction stir welding tool according to claim 7, wherein: the other end of the bushing (4) is provided with an external thread and is matched with a baffle ring (7), and the electromagnetic induction heater is limited between the baffle edge (40) and the baffle ring (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010019044.4A CN111069762A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Long-life backfill friction stir welding instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010019044.4A CN111069762A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Long-life backfill friction stir welding instrument |
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| CN111069762A true CN111069762A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| CN202010019044.4A Pending CN111069762A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Long-life backfill friction stir welding instrument |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1251549A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2000-04-26 | 依赛彼·阿克蒂博拉格公司 | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding |
| CN103108720A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-05-15 | 梅加斯特尔技术公司 | System for using high rotary speed for minimizing the load during friction stir welding |
| CN103801816A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-21 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Stirring friction spot welding robot device and method utilizing device for welding |
| CN105108316A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Accumulated chipping removing device of stir friction spot welding apparatus |
| CN105562954A (en) * | 2016-03-06 | 2016-05-11 | 南京理工大学 | Compound robot heat source welding system by double methods of friction stud and friction stir |
| CN106825906A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | One kind silk filling backfill formula friction stir spot welding method and instrument |
| US20180099349A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Scott M. Packer | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding on conventional machining equipment |
| CN108971741A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of static shaft shoulder agitation soldering method of T junction fillet weld |
| CN109202264A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of stirring friction spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method |
| CN109317815A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method agitating friction weldering welder and welded using the device |
-
2020
- 2020-01-08 CN CN202010019044.4A patent/CN111069762A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1251549A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2000-04-26 | 依赛彼·阿克蒂博拉格公司 | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding |
| CN103108720A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-05-15 | 梅加斯特尔技术公司 | System for using high rotary speed for minimizing the load during friction stir welding |
| CN103801816A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-21 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Stirring friction spot welding robot device and method utilizing device for welding |
| CN105108316A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Accumulated chipping removing device of stir friction spot welding apparatus |
| CN105562954A (en) * | 2016-03-06 | 2016-05-11 | 南京理工大学 | Compound robot heat source welding system by double methods of friction stud and friction stir |
| US20180099349A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Scott M. Packer | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding on conventional machining equipment |
| CN106825906A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | One kind silk filling backfill formula friction stir spot welding method and instrument |
| CN109202264A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of stirring friction spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method |
| CN108971741A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of static shaft shoulder agitation soldering method of T junction fillet weld |
| CN109317815A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method agitating friction weldering welder and welded using the device |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |