CN111069525A - High-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature resistant inorganic molding agent with high bonding strength and capable of directly replacing the pulverized coal and bonding materials and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-temperature resistant inorganic molding agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: soda ash: 0 to 10 percent; talc powder: 0 to 10 percent; attapulgite clay: 0 to 10 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 0.5-40%; alumina: 0.5-30%; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 0 to 5 percent; sepiolite powder: 0 to 30 percent; bentonite: 20-95%, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical agents, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The molding sand of the sand box is a material used for molding in sand casting, the function of the molding sand in casting production is very important, and casting waste products caused by poor quality of the molding sand account for about 30-50% of total casting waste products. The binding capacity of the molding sand is an important index for measuring the quality of a molding sand formula, and the molding sand is generally formed by mixing molding materials such as raw sand, a molding sand binder, an auxiliary material and the like according to a certain proportion.
The molding sand should have the following characteristics: 1. the gas permeability is good, and generated gas can be smoothly discharged from the casting mold after the high-temperature metal casting iron liquid is poured into the casting mold; 2. good strength, ensuring that the molding sand has high enough strength and deformability; 3. the high-temperature heat resistant sand mold has good fire resistance and can resist the integrity of a high-temperature heat effect sand mold; 4. high thermal stability, flowability, plasticity and compactness.
The invention patent with Chinese patent publication No. CN101574725A and publication date of 2009, 11.11 discloses a molding sand for aluminum casting and a preparation process thereof, wherein the molding sand for aluminum casting comprises the following components of old sand, new sand, bentonite and water; the sand mixing method of the preparation process comprises the following steps: the used sand, the new sand and the bentonite are weighed according to the proportion, dry mixing is carried out for 0-20 seconds, water is added for mixing for 80-100 seconds, and sand discharging is carried out for about 20 seconds after mixing. The invention enhances the surface smoothness of the aluminum sand part to a certain extent, but has weaker fluidity, poorer air permeability and weaker bonding strength.
The invention patent with Chinese patent publication No. CN101574725A and publication No. 2011.01.05 discloses molding sand for automatic molding, which is prepared by adding coal powder into raw sand and a binding material. The bonding strength and the surface smoothness of the casting are improved by adding the coal dust, and the sand inclusion defect and the quality of subcutaneous air holes are reduced. The molding sand adhesion preventing effect of the molding sand can be well improved, the material cost is low, the consumption is high, the emission is serious, the coal dust and the binding material can be combusted and decomposed to pollute toxic gas in the casting process, pollution is easily caused in the using process, resources are in short supply, and the pollution is greatly harmful to human bodies, so that the pulverized coal clay green sand is not suitable for the requirements of scientific development of the casting industry and the current environment protection policy of consumption reduction and emission reduction, and therefore, a molding agent capable of directly replacing the coal dust and the binding material is urgently needed in the industry to solve the existing problems. In addition, the binder for molding sand has poor high-temperature resistance, is easily softened and cracked at high temperature, and has low strength in a high-temperature environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer which has high bonding strength and can directly replace the pulverized coal and the bonding material, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to realize the technical problem, the solution scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
soda ash: 0 to 10 percent;
talc powder: 0 to 10 percent;
attapulgite clay: 0 to 10 percent;
high-temperature resistant mixture: 0.5-40%;
alumina: 0.5-30%;
aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 0 to 5 percent;
sepiolite powder: 0 to 30 percent;
bentonite: 20 to 95 percent.
The further improvement is that: also comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
1 to 5 percent of tricalcium phosphate
1 to 5 percent of calcium pyrophosphate
The further improvement is that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
soda ash: 0.5 to 6 percent
Talc powder: 0 to 8 percent
Attapulgite clay: 0 to 8 percent
High-temperature resistant mixture: 2 to 30 percent
Alumina: 2 to 20 percent
Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 0.5 to 3 percent
Sepiolite powder: 2 to 20 percent;
bentonite: 40-90 percent.
The further improvement is that: : also comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
1 to 3 percent of tricalcium phosphate
1 to 3 percent of calcium pyrophosphate.
The further improvement is that: the high-temperature resistant mixture is kaolin; bauxite; corundum powder; quartz powder; iron oxide powder; magnesia powder; zircon powder; diatomaceous earth; ferrochromium ore powder; mullite powder; silicon carbide powder; silica powder; spinel powder; cyanite powder; forsterite powder; one or more of the refractory clay powders are composed in an arbitrary mixing ratio.
The further improvement is that: the high-temperature-resistant mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 40 percent of kaolin;
0.5 to 40 percent of bauxite;
0.5 to 50 percent of corundum powder;
0.5 to 75 percent of quartz powder;
0.1-5% of ferric oxide powder;
zircon powder 0.5-50%;
0.5 to 40 percent of ferrochromium mineral powder;
0.5 to 35 percent of mullite powder;
0.5 to 40 percent of silicon carbide powder.
The further improvement is that: the high-temperature-resistant mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 50 percent of corundum powder;
0.5 to 75 percent of quartz powder;
0.1-5% of ferric oxide powder;
zircon powder 0.5-50%;
0.5 to 40 percent of ferrochromium mineral powder;
0.5 to 30 percent of mullite powder;
0.5 to 30 percent of silicon carbide powder.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer,
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder or the bentonite powder and one or more of talcum powder, sepiolite powder and attapulgite according to the proportion in the claim 1 or 2, mixing with the crushed high-temperature resistant material, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing alumina or alumina with one or more of soda ash and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder according to the proportion in the claim 1 or 2, and dissolving in water to obtain bonding aqueous solution; the ratio of the mixture of alumina or alumina and one or more of soda ash and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder to water is 1: 5-10;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 20-30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
The further improvement is that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder, tricalcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate, mixing together, mixing with crushed high-temperature-resistant materials, mixing, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the aluminum oxide is added into the plastic material, and the aluminum oxide can improve the high temperature resistance of the bentonite while increasing the viscosity of the whole material, so that the bentonite is prevented from being burned to death in a large area at high temperature and losing the cohesiveness.
Further: the bentonite and the soda ash are used together, so that the lubricating effect can be achieved, the viscosity of the bentonite can be improved, the using amount of the bentonite is reduced, and the using cost is reduced.
Furthermore, the attapulgite is added into the plastic material, so that the lubricity of the material is increased, and the attapulgite can play a role in solubilizing the whole formula, so that the materials can be better dissolved together.
Further: the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is added into the plastic material, so that the tensile strength of the molding agent can be increased, and the bonding strength of the molding sand is increased.
The invention has the advantages that:
in the casting field, the invention can be used as a molding agent of natural clay sand, sea sand, river sand, ore sand and the like, can directly replace coal powder and a binder in the prior art, and obtains a certain shape by compaction so as to achieve a sand mold and a sand core with certain compressive strength and higher refractoriness. The sand mould and sand core made of said material features less burning loss, low water content, high compressive strength, less gas evolution during casting molten iron, no generation of harmful gas to human body, natural earthy yellow colour before and after casting, and use of waste sand for planting, producing brick, flyash and cement. The produced casting blank has smooth surface, and the resource can be really recycled. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the invention has the following four advantages when used as the molding agent of natural clay sand, sea sand, river sand, ore sand and the like:
1. the sand mould and sand core made by using said invented plastic forming agent are all non-toxic and harmless inorganic substance composition. The molten iron is not combusted and toxic gas is not discharged during pouring; a large amount of ash similar to that generated after pulverized coal combustion can not be generated, and the dust pollution of a foundry is greatly reduced; greatly improves the working environment, reduces the damage to the casting equipment and further reduces the failure rate of the equipment. The material of the molding agent can be natural earthy yellow, and the old sand after casting and demolding is still earthy yellow. The foundry worker distinguishes the black pollution of the workshop and trends to green and environment-friendly casting sand beach.
2. When the molding agent is used for mixing and manufacturing the sand mold and the sand core, only the original sand, the molding agent and proper water are needed to be added, and the existing sand mixer is used for simply mixing and manufacturing the sand mold and the sand core. Simplifies the process steps of mixing and does not need to add clay and coal powder. And the molding sand after pouring can be used as recycled used sand after simple crushing, screening, magnetic separation and impurity removal. The used sand is supplemented with a small amount of a plasticizer and proper moisture, and the mixed molding sand and sand core can achieve higher wet-pressing strength, so that the auxiliary material cost of an enterprise is reduced.
3. The sand mold and the sand core made by the molding agent of the invention are used for producing castings, and only 40 to 100 kilograms of raw sand are consumed for producing one ton of castings; the discharged used sand is a nontoxic and harmless inorganic substance combination, and does not cause pollution to the environment. The sand can be used as sandy soil for agricultural planting and can also be used as a filler for partial building materials; can be sold as a byproduct of an enterprise, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the enterprise, realizing the recycling of resources and avoiding the waste of the resources!
4. The sand mold and the sand core prepared by mixing the molding agent have the advantages of low water content (1.6-2.0%), good air permeability, high normal-temperature wet-pressure strength, good high-temperature strength and excellent fire resistance. A large number of practices show that the produced casting surface bonded sand is obviously improved, no air holes exist, the produced casting is well cleaned, and the labor intensity of the subsequent process is reduced; the size precision of the casting is high, and the machining allowance is small; the surface of the casting is smooth, and the overall quality and yield of the product can be improved.
And in the field of fire prevention, the adhesive can be used as an adhesive of refractory bricks, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, no softening, no cracking and high-temperature strength. The product can be widely applied to various high-temperature furnace linings, fireproof door panel fillers, adhesives and the like. In the field of paint, the modified polyurethane can be used as thickening and tackifier, has good thixotropy, can be applied to various water-based and alcohol-based paints, and can improve the high temperature resistance of the paint.
Thirdly, the addition of tricalcium phosphate in the formula system can improve the tensile strength and the surface hardness, and the addition of calcium pyrophosphate alone can not improve the tensile strength and the surface hardness, but the calcium pyrophosphate has the function of synergistically improving the tensile strength and the surface hardness of the inorganic plasticizer model. The tricalcium phosphate can reduce a sand sticking layer, has good deformability, and can prevent the casting from generating defects such as cracks, deformation and the like in the processes of solidification and cooling. This effect cannot be achieved by adding calcium pyrophosphate alone. Meanwhile, the calcium pyrophosphate is added to have a synergistic effect on tricalcium phosphate, so that a sand adhesion layer can be reduced, the molding sand has more excellent deformability, and the defects of cracks, deformation and the like in the casting process are prevented.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. The experiments of the invention are all carried out by Jun heavy industry machinery Co., Ltd in Yongchun county.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 percent; talc powder: 4 percent; attapulgite clay: 5 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 10 percent; alumina: 3 percent; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 2 percent; sepiolite powder: 10 percent; bentonite: 60 percent, tricalcium phosphate 2 percent and calcium pyrophosphate 3 percent. The high-temperature resistant mixture accounts for 5% of kaolin, 5% of bauxite, 10% of corundum powder, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of ferric oxide powder, 5% of magnesia powder, 5% of zircon powder, 10% of diatomite, 5% of chromite powder, 5% of mullite powder, 5% of silicon carbide powder, 5% of silica powder, 7% of spinel powder, 8% of sapphire powder and 10% of forsterite powder.
The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder, tricalcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate, mixing together, mixing with crushed high-temperature-resistant materials, mixing, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
Example two:
a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 percent; talc powder: 4 percent; attapulgite clay: 5 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 10 percent; alumina: 3 percent; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 2 percent; sepiolite powder: 10 percent; bentonite: 60 percent, tricalcium phosphate 2 percent and calcium pyrophosphate 3 percent. The high-temperature resistant mixture accounts for 5% of kaolin, 5% of bauxite, 10% of corundum powder, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of ferric oxide powder, 5% of magnesia powder, 5% of zircon powder, 10% of diatomite, 5% of chromite powder, 5% of mullite powder, 5% of silicon carbide powder, 5% of silica powder, 7% of spinel powder, 8% of sapphire powder and 10% of forsterite powder.
The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder, tricalcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate, mixing together, mixing with crushed high-temperature-resistant materials, mixing, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 8;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 20 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
Example three (containing only tricalcium phosphate):
a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 percent; talc powder: 4 percent; attapulgite clay: 5 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 10 percent; alumina: 3 percent; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 2 percent; sepiolite powder: 10 percent; bentonite: 63% and tricalcium phosphate 2%. The high-temperature resistant mixture accounts for 5% of kaolin, 5% of bauxite, 10% of corundum powder, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of ferric oxide powder, 5% of magnesia powder, 5% of zircon powder, 10% of diatomite, 5% of chromite powder, 5% of mullite powder, 5% of silicon carbide powder, 5% of silica powder, 7% of spinel powder, 8% of sapphire powder and 10% of forsterite powder.
The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder and tricalcium phosphate, mixing the crushed bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder and tricalcium phosphate together, mixing the crushed high-temperature resistant materials together, and sieving the mixture to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
Example four (containing calcium pyrophosphate only):
a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 percent; talc powder: 4 percent; attapulgite clay: 5 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 10 percent; alumina: 3 percent; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 2 percent; sepiolite powder: 10 percent; bentonite: 62 percent and 3 percent of calcium pyrophosphate. The high-temperature resistant mixture accounts for 5% of kaolin, 5% of bauxite, 10% of corundum powder, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of ferric oxide powder, 5% of magnesia powder, 5% of zircon powder, 10% of diatomite, 5% of chromite powder, 5% of mullite powder, 5% of silicon carbide powder, 5% of silica powder, 7% of spinel powder, 8% of sapphire powder and 10% of forsterite powder.
The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder and calcium pyrophosphate, mixing the crushed bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder and calcium pyrophosphate together, mixing the crushed high-temperature resistant materials together, and sieving the mixture to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
Example five (without tricalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate):
a high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 percent; talc powder: 4 percent; attapulgite clay: 5 percent; high-temperature resistant mixture: 10 percent; alumina: 3 percent; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 2 percent; sepiolite powder: 10 percent; bentonite: 65 percent. The high-temperature resistant mixture accounts for 5% of kaolin, 5% of bauxite, 10% of corundum powder, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of ferric oxide powder, 5% of magnesia powder, 5% of zircon powder, 10% of diatomite, 5% of chromite powder, 5% of mullite powder, 5% of silicon carbide powder, 5% of silica powder, 7% of spinel powder, 8% of sapphire powder and 10% of forsterite powder.
The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder and attapulgite, mixing the crushed bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder and attapulgite together, mixing the crushed bentonite powder and the crushed high-temperature-resistant material together, and sieving the mixture to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
Example six tensile Strength and surface hardness measurements for moisture absorption resistance
The high-temperature resistant inorganic molding agent of the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention is applied to foundry sand. The composition and weight ratio are as follows: 88 parts of raw sand, 10 parts of a molding agent and 2 parts of water. The method comprises the steps of mixing sand for 15 minutes by using a wheel-grinding type sand mixer, filling the sand into a sample mold, pressing the sample mold tightly, manufacturing a standard 8-shaped sample, putting the sample and the mold into an industrial microwave oven, heating and hardening the sample by microwave, placing the sample into a sealed water bucket with water (the relative humidity in the bucket is 80%) after the sample is completely hardened (the surface hardness is up to 85H), measuring the change of the tensile strength every 10 minutes, testing for 30 minutes, and measuring the tensile strength and the surface hardness 3 times each time to examine the moisture absorption condition of the sand mold. The results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 tensile Strength test at 80% relative humidity as a function of time
TABLE 2 measurement of surface hardness at 80% RH over time
| Group of | 0min(H) | 10min(H) | 20min(H) | 30min(H) |
| Example 1 | 85.04±3.62 | 78.91±3.13 | 73.67±4.14 | 68.13±2.15 |
| Example 2 | 85.13±2.20 | 79.83±3.67 | 74.67±3.24 | 69.23±4.42 |
| Example 3 | 85.24±3.52 | 71.83±4.26 | 60.60±2.64 | 48.38±3.35 |
| Example 4 | 85.08±2.42 | 50.35±7.75 | 34.97±6.61 | 22.26±4.64 |
| Example 5 | 85.03±3.27 | 49.43±5.73 | 33.38±3.20 | 21.64±3.36 |
In the same manner, standard 8-shaped samples were prepared in examples one to five, and after hardening by microwave heating, the samples were placed in a sealed dry room (room relative humidity 40%), measured for 12 hours, measured for tensile strength every 4 hours, and tested for tensile strength and surface hardness 3 times each to examine the moisture absorption of the sand mold.
The results are shown in tables 3 and 4:
TABLE 3 tensile Strength test at 40% relative humidity over time
| Group of | 0h(MPa) | 4h(MPa) | 8h(MPa) | 12h(MPa) |
| Example 1 | 2.29±0.66 | 2.09±0.13 | 1.87±0.32 | 1.59±0.29 |
| Example 2 | 2.28±0.44 | 2.06±0.18 | 1.88±0.18 | 1.58±0.41 |
| Example 3 | 1.68±0.33 | 1.57±0.39 | 1.40±0.17 | 1.19±0.31 |
| Example 4 | 1.34±0.25 | 1.05±0.14 | 0.75±0.24 | 0.58±0.10 |
| Example 5 | 1.32±0.46 | 1.01±0.24 | 0.71±0.14 | 0.56±0.12 |
Table 4 surface hardness test at 40% relative humidity as a function of time
Statistical treatment: statistical analysis was performed using SPSS16.0 and the results of the data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation using the t test between groups. The results show that: under the conditions of 80% and 40% relative humidity, the tensile strength and the surface hardness of the steel are better than those of the steel in examples 3, 4 and 5 and have statistical difference (P <0.05) in the steel in examples 1 and 2, and the tensile strength and the surface hardness of the steel in examples 1 and 2 are better than those of the steel in examples 4 and 5 (P <0.05) in the steel in examples 3.
The results of example six show that the addition of tricalcium phosphate can improve the tensile strength and surface hardness, and the addition of calcium pyrophosphate alone cannot improve the tensile strength and surface hardness of the inorganic molding agent model, but calcium pyrophosphate has the function of synergistically improving the tensile strength and surface hardness of the inorganic molding agent model to tricalcium phosphate.
EXAMPLE seven
The high-temperature resistant inorganic molding agent of the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention is applied to foundry sand. The composition and weight ratio are as follows: 88 parts of raw sand, 10 parts of a molding agent and 2 parts of water. And (3) sand mixing is carried out for 15 minutes by adopting an edge runner type sand mixer, and then blanking and molding are carried out. The first to fifth examples are stood for 2 hours, then casting is carried out, and the casting is unpacked and desanded after 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the castings were compared for sand pick-up.
The results show that the products made from the molding agents of examples 1 and 2 have high surface smoothness, and the parting surfaces of the castings are flat and have no burrs and no obvious depressions on the surfaces. The product made from the molding agent of example 3 also has high surface finish, and no sand-bonded layer of the casting is seen. And the surface finish of the products after shot blasting in the examples 4 and 5 is poor, partial burrs exist on the parting surface of the casting, and a little fine depression is formed on the surface. The tricalcium phosphate can reduce a sand-bonded layer, has good deformability, and prevents the casting from generating defects such as cracks, deformation and the like in the processes of solidification and cooling. This effect cannot be achieved by adding calcium pyrophosphate alone. Meanwhile, the calcium pyrophosphate is added to have a synergistic effect on tricalcium phosphate, so that a sand adhesion layer can be reduced, the molding sand has more excellent deformability, and the defects of cracks, deformation and the like in the casting process are prevented.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
soda ash: 0 to 10 percent;
talc powder: 0 to 10 percent;
attapulgite clay: 0 to 10 percent;
high-temperature resistant mixture: 0.5-40%;
alumina: 0.5-30%;
aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 0 to 5 percent;
sepiolite powder: 0 to 30 percent;
bentonite: 20 to 95 percent.
2. The high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 1, further comprising:
1 to 5 percent of tricalcium phosphate
1 to 5 percent of calcium pyrophosphate.
3. The high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
soda ash: 0.5 to 6 percent
Talc powder: 0 to 8 percent
Attapulgite clay: 0 to 8 percent
High-temperature resistant mixture: 2 to 30 percent
Alumina: 2 to 20 percent
Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate: 0.5 to 3 percent
Sepiolite powder: 2 to 20 percent;
bentonite: 40-90 percent.
4. The high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 3, wherein: also comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
1 to 3 percent of tricalcium phosphate
1 to 3 percent of calcium pyrophosphate.
5. The high-temperature resistant inorganic plasticizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the high-temperature resistant mixture is kaolin; bauxite; corundum powder; quartz powder; iron oxide powder; magnesia powder; zircon powder; diatomaceous earth; ferrochromium ore powder; mullite powder; silicon carbide powder; silica powder; spinel powder; cyanite powder; forsterite powder; one or more of the refractory clay powders are composed in an arbitrary mixing ratio.
6. The high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 5, wherein: the high-temperature-resistant mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 40 percent of kaolin;
0.5 to 40 percent of bauxite;
0.5 to 50 percent of corundum powder;
0.5 to 75 percent of quartz powder;
0.1-5% of ferric oxide powder;
zircon powder 0.5-50%;
0.5 to 40 percent of ferrochromium mineral powder;
0.5 to 35 percent of mullite powder;
0.5 to 40 percent of silicon carbide powder.
7. The high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 6, wherein: the high-temperature-resistant mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 50 percent of corundum powder;
0.5 to 75 percent of quartz powder;
0.1-5% of ferric oxide powder;
zircon powder 0.5-50%;
0.5 to 40 percent of ferrochromium mineral powder;
0.5 to 30 percent of mullite powder;
0.5 to 30 percent of silicon carbide powder.
8. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder or the bentonite powder and one or more of talcum powder, sepiolite powder and attapulgite according to the proportion in the claim 1 or 2, mixing with the crushed high-temperature resistant material, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing alumina or alumina with one or more of soda ash and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder according to the proportion in the claim 1 or 2, and dissolving in water to obtain bonding aqueous solution; the ratio of the mixture of alumina or alumina and one or more of soda ash and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder to water is 1: 5-10;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 20-30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
9. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant inorganic plasticizer according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) firstly, crushing bentonite powder, talcum powder, sepiolite powder, attapulgite powder, tricalcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate, mixing together, mixing with crushed high-temperature-resistant materials, mixing, and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of below 70 meshes to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing soda ash, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and alumina, and dissolving in water to obtain an adhesive aqueous solution; the proportion of the mixture of the mixed soda ash, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate powder and the alumina to the water is 1: 5;
(3) adding the bonding aqueous solution into the mixture, stirring and mixing again, standing for 3-7 days after stirring to ensure that the bonding aqueous solution slowly permeates into the mixture, drying in a dryer after permeation, finally grinding for 30 minutes in a grinder, and finally packaging to obtain the molding agent.
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