CN111069394A - Forming process of 5-meter-level melon petal of carrier rocket - Google Patents
Forming process of 5-meter-level melon petal of carrier rocket Download PDFInfo
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- CN111069394A CN111069394A CN201911384330.4A CN201911384330A CN111069394A CN 111069394 A CN111069394 A CN 111069394A CN 201911384330 A CN201911384330 A CN 201911384330A CN 111069394 A CN111069394 A CN 111069394A
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- forming
- stretch
- stretch forming
- forming process
- carrier rocket
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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Abstract
The invention provides a forming process of a 5-meter-level melon petal of a carrier rocket, which changes the previous secondary stretch forming process, improves the stretch forming rate and adopts quick one-time stretch forming. Comprises the steps of blanking; quenching heat treatment; stretching; removing the allowance and trimming; artificial aging; chemical milling; machining; surface treatment; and (7) packaging and delivering. The stretch forming specifically comprises the steps of prejudging various stretch forming tracks and stress and wall thickness distribution changes at stretch forming speed in advance through analog simulation, adopting small-displacement progressive stretch forming tracks in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, carrying out discretization treatment on transverse displacement and longitudinal displacement, and uniformly distributing the discrete stretch forming tracks in the whole stretch forming process. According to the invention, by adopting a rapid one-time stretch forming technology, processing parameters are optimized, the production efficiency of the product is improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the processing precision and the surface quality of the 5-meter-level melon petals, the product forming time is reduced from 3.5 hours to 1.5 hours, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carrier rocket melon petal processing, and particularly relates to a forming process of a carrier rocket 5-meter-level melon petal.
Background
The melon lamella of 5 meters is the important sheet metal component of carrier rocket. The product profile is 5 meters level double curvature fitting profile, and the structure is complicated, and quality control points such as product surface quality, mechanical properties are more, and at present, 5 meters level melon lamella adopt the secondary to draw shape technique, draw shape speed lower, lead to production efficiency lower, seriously influence the whole production progress of model.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a forming process of a 5-meter-level melon petal of a carrier rocket, which comprises the steps of analyzing the existing melon petal production flow, researching a melon petal one-time stretching technology and designing a melon petal stretching track; meanwhile, the influence of the stretching speed on the melon petal processing quality is researched, the differences of the melon petal profile precision, the mechanical property, the surface quality and the like in the new and old processes are contrastively analyzed, the one-time stretching technology is optimized, and the melon petal production efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a forming process of a 5-meter-level melon petal of a carrier rocket adopts rapid one-step stretch forming.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: 1) blanking; 2) quenching heat treatment; 3) stretching; 4) removing the allowance and trimming; 5) artificial aging; 6) chemical milling; 7) machining; 8) surface treatment; 9) and (7) packaging and delivering.
Further, the stretch forming specifically comprises the steps of prejudging various stretch forming tracks and distribution changes of stress and wall thickness under the stretch forming speed in advance through analog simulation, adopting the small-displacement progressive stretch forming tracks in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, carrying out discretization treatment on the transverse displacement and the longitudinal displacement, and distributing the discretization treatment in the whole stretch forming process.
Furthermore, the different degrees of the tire sticking to different positions of the molded surface of the product and the concentration of the stress in the jaw area are adaptively adjusted to the transverse displacement and the longitudinal displacement, so that a stress concentration area is avoided.
Furthermore, the stretch forming track is composed of a plurality of small displacements, the stress and wall thickness distribution of the product under different stretch forming tracks and stretch forming speeds are simulated through simulation software to form a distribution thermodynamic diagram, and the stretch forming track is adjusted through a distribution diagram of the stress and wall thickness reduction concentration area.
Further, the parameters for adjusting the stretch-forming trajectory include the length, direction and speed of each step displacement.
Further, according to the simulation result, selecting a stretch-forming track corresponding to the uniform distribution of the stress and the wall thickness of the product, and carrying out a stretch-forming test on the shrinkage test piece.
And further, optimizing forming parameters according to the tensile test result of the shrinkage test piece, and performing the tensile test on the finished test piece.
Further, a stretch forming rate parameter of 0.2mm/s is selected.
Compared with the prior art, the forming process of the 5-meter-level melon petal of the carrier rocket has the following advantages:
according to the invention, by adopting a rapid one-time stretch forming technology, processing parameters are optimized, the production efficiency of the product is improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the processing precision and the surface quality of the 5-meter-level melon petals, the product forming time is reduced from 3.5 hours to 1.5 hours, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stretch-forming process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a 5-meter melon petal secondary stretch forming process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a 5-meter-level melon flap rapid one-time stretch forming process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The stretch forming technology, referred to as stretch forming for short, is mainly used for forming large-size and small-curvature sheet skin parts. The forming principle is shown in figure 1, the wool bypasses a drawing die, two rows of clamps are used for clamping ends, the rear drawing die ascends (or the clamps move downwards), so that the wool and the drawing die generate bending deformation along an arc line, the wool gradually generates extension deformation along with the action of an oil cylinder, and finally, the wool is attached to a die tire.
The drawing process is suitable for manufacturing large sheet metal parts with gentle curvature change, small thickness and high surface quality requirements, such as skins, melon petals and the like in carrying and weapons. The drawing forming has the characteristics of good surface quality of parts, high appearance accuracy, simple mold structure and short production preparation period.
(1) Stretch coefficient calculation formula
In the formula:
KL-a stretch-forming factor;
Lmax-the length of the section of the part at the maximum extension after stretch forming is in millimeters (mm);
L0-the original length of the material in millimeters (mm) in the cross-section before drawing;
Δ L — the absolute elongation of the material after drawing (Δ L ═ L) at this cross-sectionmax-L0) In millimeters (mm);
a-average elongation over the length of the section.
(2) The calculation formula of the length of the wool is as follows:
L＝L1+2(L2+L3)
in the formula:
l-wool length in millimeters (mm);
L1-the developed length in millimeters (mm) of the cross section at the maximum of the stretch-form die face;
L2-the clamping allowance of the wool, in millimeters (mm), typically 50 mm;
L3the length of the transition zone between the edge of the drawing die and the jaw is in millimeters (mm), generally 100 to 200 mm.
(3) The calculation formula of the width of the wool is as follows:
B＝B1+2B2
in the formula:
b-the width of the wool in millimeters (mm);
B1-the developed dimension of the widest part in millimeters (mm);
B2the allowance in the width direction is in millimeters (mm), and is generally 30-50 mm;
(4) the maximum stretch-forming section calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
s-maximum tensile Cross-sectional area in square millimeters (mm)2)；
F is the jaw tension with the unit of Newton (N);
UTS-is the material yield strength in megapascals (MPa);
YS-is the tensile strength of the material in megapascals (MPa).
(5) Maximum sheet width calculation formula:
in the formula:
w-maximum sheet width in millimeters (mm);
f is the jaw tension with the unit of Newton (N);
c-is the device coefficient, 4600, in newtons per millimeter (N/mm).
(6) The maximum plate thickness calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
s-maximum tensile cross-sectional area in square millimeters (mm 2);
w-maximum sheet width in millimeters (mm);
c-is the device coefficient, 4600, in newtons per millimeter (N/mm);
UTS-is the material yield strength in megapascals (MPa);
YS-is the tensile strength of the material in megapascals (MPa).
With the increase of the production task amount, the phenomenon of insufficient production capacity of the melon petals appears. The existing secondary stretch forming process has obvious influence on production efficiency and mainly has the following problems:
(1) the time of the existing pre-drawing procedure of the melon petals is about 0.5 h/piece, and the deformation is about 1.5%. Through research, the pre-drawing has no influence on the precision and the mechanical property of the final molded surface and can be cancelled.
The prior process flow is shown in figure 2. (2) In order to ensure the surface quality of parts and reduce the fracture risk of the parts, the final drawing deformation rate of the melon petals is only 0.05-0.1 mm/s, the time of the final drawing process is about 2 h/piece, and the production efficiency of the melon petals is low. The final drawing deformation rate is improved to 0.2mm/s through the test, and the processing rate of the final drawing procedure is improved by more than one time.
The invention changes the existing processing technology through the research of a 5-meter-level melon petal rapid one-time drawing technology. The invention provides a one-time stretch forming technology, and the flow is shown in figure 3.
The stretch forming track is important processing data of the stretch forming technology, and the wall thickness and the material deformation distribution in the product profile are adjusted by controlling the displacement of a jaw of equipment, so that the processing quality requirement of the product is met.
The one-time stretch-forming technology for the 5-meter-level melon petals adopts an innovative stretch-forming track design method. Through simulation, stress and wall thickness distribution changes under various stretch-forming tracks are pre-judged in advance, finally, the stretch-forming tracks which adopt small displacement in the transverse and longitudinal directions gradually are determined, discretization processing is carried out on transverse and longitudinal displacement, and the stretch-forming tracks are distributed in the whole stretch-forming process, so that the stretch-forming process is smoother. Meanwhile, the problems of different tire sticking degrees and stress concentration in a jaw area of different positions of the molded surface of the product are solved, the transverse displacement and the longitudinal displacement are adaptively adjusted, and a stress concentration area is effectively avoided.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: simulation of
The stretch forming track is composed of a plurality of small displacements and is an important control point for controlling the forming quality of a product. And simulating the distribution conditions of the stress and the wall thickness of the product under different stretch forming tracks and stretch forming speeds by simulation software to form a distribution thermodynamic diagram. The stretching track is adjusted through the distribution condition of the stress and wall thickness reduction concentration area, and the stretching track mainly comprises displacement length, direction, speed and the like step by step.
Step 2: shrinkage test piece stretch forming test
And selecting a stretch-forming track which is relatively uniform and corresponding to the stress and wall thickness distribution of the product according to the simulation result, and carrying out the stretch-forming test of the shrinkage test piece. The molded surface of the shrinkage test piece comprises a product stress and a wall thickness reduction concentration area, so that the influence of the deformation track change on a formal product can be visually reflected, and meanwhile, the test cost can be greatly reduced. And after the stretch forming test is finished, data acquisition is carried out, including wall thickness, deformation, mechanical properties and the like, the influence of different stretch forming tracks and stretch forming speeds on the product forming quality is analyzed, and forming parameters are optimized.
And step 3: tensile test of finished test piece
According to the stretch-forming test result of the scaled test piece, the optimal forming parameters are selected to perform the stretch-forming test of the finished test piece, the test equipment, the raw material department and the like are the same as those of the normal product production, and the real processing state can be completely reflected. And after the stretch forming test is finished, data acquisition including wall thickness, deformation, mechanical properties and the like is carried out, the influence of the stretch forming track and the stretch forming speed on the product forming quality is analyzed, the optimal forming parameters are determined, and the method is put into the actual production process.
The stretch forming speed is important processing data of the stretch forming technology, and has important significance on product processing precision and surface quality control. The invention is based on a one-time drawing technology of the 5-meter scale melon petals, and the drawing speed is improved. And (3) obtaining a stress-strain curve of the material by performing a unidirectional tensile test on the 2219 material. Through simulation, the influence of different stretch forming speeds on the forming quality of the melon petals at the 5-meter level is judged in advance. And finally, selecting an optimal stretch forming rate parameter through a finished product test, wherein the optimal stretch forming rate parameter is 0.2mm/s, and both the processing precision and the surface quality of the product meet the design and use requirements.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A forming process of a 5-meter-level melon petal of a carrier rocket is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method adopts rapid one-step stretch forming.
2. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: 1) blanking; 2) quenching heat treatment; 3) stretching; 4) removing the allowance and trimming; 5) artificial aging; 6) chemical milling; 7) machining; 8) surface treatment; 9) and (7) packaging and delivering.
3. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the stretch forming specifically comprises the steps of prejudging stress and wall thickness distribution changes under various stretch forming tracks in advance through analog simulation, adopting a transverse and longitudinal small displacement progressive stretch forming track, carrying out discretization treatment on transverse and longitudinal displacement, and uniformly distributing the discrete stretch forming track in the whole stretch forming process.
4. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 3, which is characterized in that: different and the regional concentration of stress of keeping silent of the different positions of product profile child degree of pasting, do the adaptability adjustment to horizontal and longitudinal displacement, avoid appearing stress concentration district.
5. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the stretch forming track is composed of a plurality of small displacements, the stress and wall thickness distribution of the product under different stretch forming tracks and stretch forming rates is simulated through simulation software to form a distribution thermodynamic diagram, and the stretch forming track is adjusted through a distribution diagram of a stress and wall thickness reduction concentration area.
6. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the parameters for adjusting the stretch-forming locus comprise the length, the direction and the speed of each step of displacement.
7. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 3, which is characterized in that: and selecting a stretch-forming track corresponding to uniform distribution of product stress and wall thickness according to the simulation result, and carrying out a stretch-forming test on the shrinkage test piece.
8. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 7, which is characterized in that: and optimizing forming parameters according to the tensile test result of the shrinkage test piece, and performing the tensile test of the finished test piece.
9. The forming process of the melon petal at 5 meter level of carrier rocket of claim 8, which is characterized in that: the stretch forming rate parameter is selected to be 0.2 mm/s.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112264517A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-26 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Large-scale aluminum-lithium alloy ellipsoidal surface melon petal deep-drawing creep composite forming method |
| CN114799756A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Composite manufacturing device for high-rib thin-wall aluminum alloy wall plate parts and using method |
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| CN105479119A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-13 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | Forming process of 5M-grade storage tank spherical melon petal |
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2019
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN104056905A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-24 | 梧州恒声电子科技有限公司 | Processing method of horn basin stand |
| CN105479119A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-13 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | Forming process of 5M-grade storage tank spherical melon petal |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112264517A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-26 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Large-scale aluminum-lithium alloy ellipsoidal surface melon petal deep-drawing creep composite forming method |
| CN114799756A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Composite manufacturing device for high-rib thin-wall aluminum alloy wall plate parts and using method |
| CN114799756B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-10-31 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Composite manufacturing device and method for high-rib thin-wall aluminum alloy wallboard part |
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