CN111068405A - Preparation method of composite air filtering material - Google Patents
Preparation method of composite air filtering material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111068405A CN111068405A CN201911247282.4A CN201911247282A CN111068405A CN 111068405 A CN111068405 A CN 111068405A CN 201911247282 A CN201911247282 A CN 201911247282A CN 111068405 A CN111068405 A CN 111068405A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
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- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite air filtering material, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The filter material has a self-cleaning effect by taking basalt, vermiculite and the like as raw materials, and the nano silicon dioxide component can adsorb partial water to wet the surface of the filter material so as to improve the dispersion effect and also play a good role in improving the filter effect. The invention combines hard and soft components to load nano particles, which is beneficial to the cross-linking effect among macromolecule colloids, and through the hydrogen bond effect among the components, a gel layer of a nano-scale membrane is formed on the surface of the filtering material, thereby reducing the filtering resistance and improving the filtering effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a composite air filtering material.
Background
Filtration is a dynamic process for separating and trapping particulate matter dispersed in a gas or liquid. The filter material, because of its large inner surface and appropriate voids, has the ability to capture and adsorb solid particles and separate them from the mixture. The nonwoven material is generally the preferred choice for the filter material, and the main body is a network structure of fibers and fibers, which have tortuous channels due to the bending of the fibers. At the same time, the fibers are crossed to make the porosity of the fiber higher. Materials with different porosities and pore diameters can be obtained through selection of fiber raw materials, different processing modes and after-treatment, and the method is an ideal method for preparing the filter material.
The air contains oxygen and hydrogen, and also contains other harmful substances such as dust, sandy soil, bacteria and the like, and the air needs to be filtered under certain special environmental requirements, such as automobile engines, precision instrument production workshops, laboratories, operating rooms and the like, and in addition, small particles in the air can be deposited in human lungs and even blood circulation systems to cause respiratory diseases or thrombus; and because the small particles have larger specific surface area, the small particles can adsorb a large amount of toxic substances such as organic gas, viruses, bacteria and the like. Along with the development of society and the popularization of health knowledge, people pay more and more attention to the problem of harm of fine particle pollution in air, air filtration products become necessities of life gradually in recent years, and meanwhile, the requirement of the market on a filter material for efficiently removing submicron-grade particle pollutants is greatly improved. The air filter material is a commonly used air filter material.
The air filter material is widely applied, along with the rapid development of economy, the requirements of clean rooms such as medicines, bioscience, integrated circuits and sterile operating rooms are higher and higher, the traditional air filter material can increase the resistance of the air filter material only by increasing the quantitative amount of the air filter material in order to improve the filter efficiency, the service life of the air filter material is reduced by increasing the quantitative amount of the air filter material, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the quantitative amount of the air filter material is increased, raw materials for manufacturing the air filter material are required to be increased, and the production cost is improved. In addition, functional air filter materials are hot spots of research in recent years, and are filter materials developed for specific industries such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, static resistance, water repellency, oil repellency, flame retardance, harmful gas removal and the like, such as flame retardant air filter materials. This requires that the existing air filter material can be efficiently adapted to a specific location, and therefore, a higher standard is required for the quality thereof. In addition, the air filtering material used in the current market is easy to breed fungi in a damp environment, so that the protected environment can penetrate through the protective layer under a long-term high-pressure air quantity, enter the protected environment and cause environmental pollution. In addition, the filter material is easy to be affected with damp in a damp environment, so that the strength is reduced, and the service life of the air filter material is greatly reduced.
To summarize, most of the air filter materials on the market today have the following disadvantages: (1) most of the existing air filter materials improve the filtering efficiency by increasing the quantitative quantity, but the increase of the quantitative quantity usually increases the resistance of the air filter materials, and the increase of the resistance can reduce the service life of the air filter materials. (2) Most of the existing air filtering materials can not be used in specific scenes, and have poor performances of high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, so that the filtering protection strength is reduced, the service life is shortened, the filtering effect is poor, and the filtering resistance is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems of poor filtering effect and high filtering resistance of the conventional common air filtering material, the preparation method of the composite air filtering material is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a composite air filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3: 1, crushing and sieving basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: 24-50, adding sieved hexacyclic ring stone particles and an ammonium chloride solution, mixing and stirring, standing at room temperature, filtering, drying a filter cake to obtain a dried substance, carrying out plasma treatment on the dried substance at 12-17 ℃ in the atmosphere of mixed gas, and discharging to obtain a plasma treated material for later use;
(2) at the temperature of 25-45 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 2-4: and 40, mixing methacrylic ester, acrylamide and toluene, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 60-75 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 15-25% of the mass of the methacrylic ester for mixing, keeping the temperature for mixing for 1-3 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the components is 8-13: 2-5: 1: 0.01: 12-20, mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into ammonium persulfate accounting for 1-4% of the mass of the mixture, mixing, heating to 65-75 ℃, preserving heat to obtain a polymer material, and taking the polymer material according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, shearing and dispersing to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1: mixing and stirring methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, adjusting pH, sealing and standing at room temperature, keeping the temperature at 50-70 ℃, and crushing to obtain a treated material, wherein the treated material is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 12-20: 2-5: 1, adding phospholipid and additive, mixing and grinding to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, performing microwave treatment on the grinding material, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treatment material;
(4) according to the weight parts, 25-35 parts of standby plasma treatment material, 6-12 parts of standby dispersing material, 10-15 parts of silicon-containing treatment material, 1-4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-7 parts of pretreated coconut shell and 50-70 parts of reagent are mixed, stirred and mixed at 55-80 ℃, evaporated under reduced pressure, processed by hot rolling, dried and freeze-dried, and the composite air filtering material is obtained.
The grinding aid in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 6-10: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
The mixed gas in the step (1): according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 6-9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
The catalyst in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
The auxiliary materials in the step (2) are as follows: according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
The additive in the step (3): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
The stabilizer in the step (3): according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
The step (4) of pretreating coconut shells comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving coconut shells, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 7-12, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution, and mixing to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
The reagent in the step (4): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 7-12, mixing the guar gum and the sodium bicarbonate solution to obtain the reagent.
The conditions of the hot rolling treatment in the step (4) are that the temperature is 150-160 ℃ and the speed is 50-80 rmin.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the invention takes basalt, vermiculite and the like as raw materials, and the raw materials are crushed and dispersed to form mixed powder containing components such as Si, Al and the like, and then the mixed powder is soaked in a meta-acid solution containing hexacyclic stone to ensure that negative ions are well dispersed among particles, and the mixed powder is treated by low-temperature plasma after being dried to adjust the hydrophilic and hydrophobic effects on the surface of the mixed powder by the charge effect, so that the high-efficiency effect on the filtered gas is facilitated, and the subsequent loaded nano-silica component also ensures that the filtering material has a certain self-cleaning effect and is beneficial to the cross-linking effect among macromolecular colloids. A solvent layer is formed to hinder the polymerization among particles, so that the dispersion effect is improved, the adsorption effect is further improved, and the filtering effect can be well improved;
(2) according to the invention, hydrogen-containing silicone oil and allyl methacrylate are used as raw materials, unsaturated bonds in an organic siloxane monomer react with active functional groups in monomers such as acrylate and itaconic acid, so that the compatibility among macromolecular components is improved, a polymerized emulsion can be formed, in addition, starch is added, good macroscopic performance can be formed with the polymerized emulsion, an adsorption-filling mechanism can be formed, and a nano-micron particle effect is formed, so that most particles are filled on a gel framework to form a stable hexagonal microscopic network, and the nano-micron particle effect can also interact with a soft obtained dispersion material, so that organic-inorganic components penetrate through each other to form a multi-layer network, and the nano-micron particle gel has amphipathy and larger internal space, so that the filtration resistance can be reduced, and the filtration effect can be improved;
(3) the invention combines hard and soft components and loads nano particles, so that the filter material has a certain self-cleaning effect, is also beneficial to the cross-linking effect among macromolecular colloids, can also form a gel layer of a nano-scale membrane on the surface of the filter material through the hydrogen bonding effect among the components, reduces the filtration resistance and improves the filtration effect, organic and inorganic components are mutually penetrated by taking hydrogen-containing silicone oil and allyl methacrylate as raw materials to form a multi-layer network, and the filter material has amphipathy and larger internal space, further reduces the filtration resistance and improves the filtration effect.
Detailed Description
Mixed gas: according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 6-9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
Catalyst: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
Auxiliary materials: according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
Pretreating coconut shells: crushing the coconut shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed coconut shells with a 80-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles, and mixing the particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 7-12, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 2g/L, mixing, and removing the solvent to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 7-12, mixing guar gum and a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 12% to obtain the reagent.
Grinding aid: according to the mass ratio of 6-10: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
A stabilizer: according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
A preparation method of the composite air filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3: 1, crushing basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid in a crusher, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: 24-50 adding hexacyclic ring stone particles screened by a 60-mesh sieve and an ammonium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 15% to mix, magnetically stirring for 35-60 min at 350-550 r/min, standing for 20-24 h at room temperature, filtering, taking a filter cake, drying for 4-8 h in an oven at 65-75 ℃ to obtain a dried substance, taking the dried substance to a low-temperature plasma processor, carrying out plasma treatment for 7-12 min at 12-17 ℃ under the atmosphere of mixed gas and under the action of an idle load voltage of 150-200V, and discharging to obtain a plasma treated material for later use;
(2) at the temperature of 25-45 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 2-4: mixing methacrylic acrylate, acrylamide and toluene in a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 60-75 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 15-25% of the mass of the methacrylic acrylate, mixing, keeping the temperature, mixing for 1-3 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 8-13: 2-5: 1: 0.01: 12-20, mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water for 1-3 hours to obtain a mixture, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 1-4% of the mass of the mixture into the mixture, mixing, heating to 65-75 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 35-60 min to obtain a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 5-8: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, and shearing and dispersing at 3000-5000 r/min for 12-20 min to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1: mixing methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 400-700 r/min, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20%, adjusting the pH value to 8.2-8.6, sealing and standing for 5-8 h at room temperature, preserving heat at 50-70 ℃ for 10-14 h, carrying out ultrasonic cell crushing treatment for 4-8 min at the power of 400W to obtain a treated material, and taking the treated material according to the mass ratio of 12-20: 2-5: 1, adding phospholipid and an additive into a mortar for mixing, grinding for 1-3 hours at a speed of 350-550 r/min to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, treating for 6-10 minutes by 400W microwave, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treated material;
(4) according to the weight parts, 25-35 parts of standby plasma processing material, 6-12 parts of standby dispersing material, 10-15 parts of silicon-containing processing material, 1-4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-7 parts of pretreated coconut shell and 50-70 parts of reagent are mixed in a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed for 1-3 hours at 55-80 ℃, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to 30-45% of the original volume, subjected to hot rolling treatment at 150-160 ℃ and 50-80 rmin for 10-15 minutes, transferred into a drying oven, dried for 8-12 hours at 60-75 ℃, and subjected to freeze drying for 5-8 hours at-10 ℃ to obtain the composite air filtering material.
Example 1
Mixed gas: according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 6: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
Catalyst: according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
Auxiliary materials: according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
Pretreating coconut shells: crushing the coconut shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed coconut shells with a 80-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles, and mixing the particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 7, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 2g/L, mixing, and removing the solvent to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 7, mixing guar gum and a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 12% to obtain the reagent.
Grinding aid: according to the mass ratio of 6: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
A stabilizer: according to the mass ratio of 5: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
A preparation method of the composite air filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 7: 3: 1, crushing basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid in a crusher, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: 24, adding 60-mesh hexacyclic ring stone particles and 15% ammonium chloride solution by mass fraction, magnetically stirring for 35min at 350r/min, standing for 20h at room temperature, filtering, taking a filter cake, drying for 4h in a 65 ℃ oven to obtain a dried substance, taking the dried substance, performing plasma treatment on the dried substance in a low-temperature plasma processor at 12 ℃ under the atmosphere of mixed gas and under the action of a no-load voltage of 150V for 7min, and discharging to obtain a plasma treatment material for later use;
(2) at 25 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 2: and 40, mixing the methacrylic ester, acrylamide and toluene in a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 60 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 15% of the mass of the methacrylic ester for mixing, keeping the temperature for mixing for 1 hour, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 8: 2: 1: 0.01: 12 mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water for 1h to obtain a mixture, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 1% of the mass of the mixture into the mixture, mixing, heating to 65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 35min to obtain a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is prepared by mixing the guar gum, the itaconic acid, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the catalyst and the water in a mass ratio of 5: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, and shearing and dispersing at 3000r/min for 12min to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: mixing methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, magnetically stirring for 40min at 400r/min, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20%, adjusting the pH value to 8.2, sealing and standing for 5h at room temperature, preserving heat for 10h at 50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic cell crushing treatment for 4min at the power of 400W to obtain a treatment material, and taking the treatment material according to the mass ratio of 12: 2: 1, adding phospholipid and an additive into a mortar for mixing, grinding for 1h at the speed of 350r/min to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, carrying out microwave treatment on the grinding material for 6min at the power of 400W, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treatment material;
(4) according to the weight portion, 25 portions of standby plasma processing material, 6 portions of standby dispersing material, 10 portions of silicon-containing processing material, 1 portion of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 portions of pretreated coconut shell and 50 portions of reagent are mixed in a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed for 1 hour at 55 ℃, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to 30% of the original volume, hot rolled at 150 ℃ at a speed of 50rmin for 10 minutes, moved into a drying oven, dried at 60 ℃ for 8 hours, and freeze-dried at-10 ℃ for 5 hours, and the composite air filtering material is obtained.
Example 2
Mixed gas: according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 7: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
Catalyst: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2 mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
Auxiliary materials: according to the mass ratio of 7: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
Pretreating coconut shells: crushing the coconut shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed coconut shells with a 80-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles, and mixing the particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 2g/L, mixing, and removing the solvent to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 3: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 1: 10 mixing guar gum and a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 12% to obtain the reagent.
Grinding aid: according to the mass ratio of 8: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
A stabilizer: according to the mass ratio of 7: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
A preparation method of the composite air filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 10: 3: 1, crushing basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid in a crusher, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: 35 adding 60-mesh-sieve hexacyclic ring stone particles and 15% ammonium chloride solution by mass fraction, mixing, magnetically stirring for 47min at 450r/min, standing for 22h at room temperature, filtering, taking a filter cake, drying for 6h in a 70 ℃ oven to obtain a dried substance, taking the dried substance, performing plasma treatment on the dried substance for 10min at 15 ℃ under the atmosphere of mixed gas and under the action of a no-load voltage 175V, and discharging to obtain a plasma treatment material for later use;
(2) at 35 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 3: and 40, mixing the methacrylic ester, acrylamide and toluene in a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 70 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 20% of the mass of the methacrylic ester for mixing, keeping the temperature for mixing for 2 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 10: 3: 1: 0.01: mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water for 2 hours to obtain a mixture, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 3% of the mass of the mixture into the mixture, mixing, heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 47min to obtain a polymer material, and mixing the polymer material according to the mass ratio of 7: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, and shearing and dispersing for 16min at 4000r/min to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: mixing methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, magnetically stirring for 50min at 550r/min, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20%, adjusting the pH to 8.4, sealing and standing for 7h at room temperature, preserving heat for 12h at 60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic cell crushing treatment for 6min at the power of 400W to obtain a treatment material, and taking the treatment material according to the mass ratio of 16: 4: 1, adding phospholipid and an additive into a mortar for mixing, grinding for 2 hours at a speed of 450r/min to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, carrying out microwave treatment for 8 minutes at a speed of 400W, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treatment material;
(4) according to the weight portion, 30 portions of standby plasma processing material, 9 portions of standby dispersing material, 12 portions of silicon-containing processing material, 3 portions of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 portions of pretreated coconut shell and 60 portions of reagent are mixed in a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed for 2 hours at 67 ℃, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to 37% of the original volume, hot rolled at 155 ℃ at a speed of 65rmin for 12 minutes, moved into a drying oven, dried at 67 ℃ for 10 hours, and freeze-dried at-10 ℃ for 6 hours, and the composite air filtering material is obtained.
Example 3
Mixed gas: according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
Catalyst: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
Auxiliary materials: according to the mass ratio of 8: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
Pretreating coconut shells: crushing the coconut shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed coconut shells with a 80-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles, and mixing the particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 12, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 2g/L, mixing, and removing the solvent to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 12, mixing guar gum and a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 12% to obtain the reagent.
Grinding aid: according to the mass ratio of 10: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
A stabilizer: according to the mass ratio of 8: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
A preparation method of the composite air filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 12: 3: 1, crushing basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid in a crusher, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: adding hexacyclic ring stone particles which are sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and an ammonium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 15% into 50, mixing the materials by magnetic stirring at 550r/min for 60min, standing the materials at room temperature for 24h, filtering the materials, taking a filter cake, drying the filter cake in a 75 ℃ oven for 8h to obtain a dried substance, taking the dried substance to perform plasma treatment on the dried substance in a low-temperature plasma processor at 17 ℃ under the atmosphere of mixed gas and under the action of a no-load voltage of 200V for 12min, and discharging the material to obtain a plasma treatment material for later use;
(2) at 45 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 4: and 40, mixing the methacrylic ester, acrylamide and toluene in a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 75 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 25% of the mass of the methacrylic ester for mixing, keeping the temperature for mixing for 3 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 13: 5: 1: 0.01: 20, mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water for 3 hours to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into ammonium persulfate accounting for 4% of the mass of the mixture, mixing, heating to 75 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60min to obtain a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 8: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, and shearing and dispersing for 20min at the speed of 5000r/min to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 5: 1: mixing methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, magnetically stirring for 60min at 700r/min, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20%, adjusting the pH value to 8.6, sealing and standing for 8h at room temperature, preserving heat for 14h at 70 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic cell crushing treatment for 8min with the power of 400W to obtain a treatment material, and taking the treatment material according to the mass ratio of 20: 5: 1, adding phospholipid and an additive into a mortar for mixing, grinding for 3 hours at the speed of 550r/min to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, carrying out microwave treatment for 10 minutes at the power of 400W, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treatment material;
(4) according to the weight portion, 35 portions of standby plasma processing material, 12 portions of standby dispersing material, 15 portions of silicon-containing processing material, 4 portions of carboxymethyl cellulose, 7 portions of pretreated coconut shell and 70 portions of reagent are mixed in a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed for 3 hours at 80 ℃, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to 45 percent of the original volume, hot rolled for 15 minutes at 160 ℃ and the speed of 80rmin, moved into a drying oven, dried for 12 hours at 75 ℃, and freeze-dried for 8 hours at-10 ℃ to obtain the composite air filtering material.
Comparative example: a commercially available composite air filtration material. (Main Components: synthetic fiber, activated carbon)
The composite air filter materials obtained in the examples and the comparative examples are tested according to GB/T6719-2009, and the test results are shown in Table 1:
table 1:
| test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example |
| Filtration efficiency/%) | 99.99 | 95.63 | 90.75 | 88.32 |
| Filtration resistance/Pa | 128.3 | 150.7 | 205.6 | 350.4 |
| Sterilizing rate/%) | 98.35 | 94.36 | 92.12 | 87.26 |
In conclusion, the composite air filter material obtained by the invention has good filtering effect and small filtering resistance. Compared with the products sold on the market, the product has better effect and is worth popularizing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of the invention is to be construed in all aspects and as broadly as possible, and all changes, equivalents and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the composite air filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3: 1, crushing and sieving basalt, vermiculite and grinding aid, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 5: 1: 24-50, adding sieved hexacyclic ring stone particles and an ammonium chloride solution, mixing and stirring, standing at room temperature, filtering, drying a filter cake to obtain a dried substance, carrying out plasma treatment on the dried substance at 12-17 ℃ in the atmosphere of mixed gas, and discharging to obtain a plasma treated material for later use;
(2) at the temperature of 25-45 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 7: 2-4: and 40, mixing methacrylic ester, acrylamide and toluene, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 60-75 ℃, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil accounting for 15-25% of the mass of the methacrylic ester for mixing, keeping the temperature for mixing for 1-3 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a concentrate, wherein the mass ratio of the components is 8-13: 2-5: 1: 0.01: 12-20, mixing guar gum, itaconic acid, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, a catalyst and water to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into ammonium persulfate accounting for 1-4% of the mass of the mixture, mixing, heating to 65-75 ℃, preserving heat to obtain a polymer material, and taking the polymer material according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1, adding auxiliary materials, mixing, shearing and dispersing to obtain bulk materials for later use;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1: mixing and stirring methyltrimethoxysilane, a stabilizer and methanol, adjusting pH, sealing and standing at room temperature, keeping the temperature at 50-70 ℃, and crushing to obtain a treated material, wherein the treated material is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 12-20: 2-5: 1, adding phospholipid and additive, mixing and grinding to obtain a grinding material, collecting the grinding material, performing microwave treatment on the grinding material, and discharging to obtain a silicon-containing treatment material;
(4) according to the weight parts, 25-35 parts of standby plasma treatment material, 6-12 parts of standby dispersing material, 10-15 parts of silicon-containing treatment material, 1-4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-7 parts of pretreated coconut shell and 50-70 parts of reagent are mixed, stirred and mixed at 55-80 ℃, evaporated under reduced pressure, processed by hot rolling, dried and freeze-dried, and the composite air filtering material is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding aid in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 6-10: and 3, mixing the paraffin and the calcium bicarbonate to obtain the grinding aid.
3. The method for preparing the composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed gas in the step (1): according to the volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 6-9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed gas.
4. The method for preparing a composite air filter material according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.
5. The method for preparing the composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 2: 1, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium stearate and light calcium carbonate to obtain the auxiliary material.
6. The method for preparing a composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additive in the step (3): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylonitrile and dichloromethane to obtain the additive.
7. The method for preparing a composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stabilizer in the step (3): according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 0.5 taking starch and nano SiO2Mixing to obtain the stabilizer.
8. The method for preparing a composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-treated coconut shell in the step (4): crushing and sieving coconut shells, collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 7-12, adding a dopamine hydrochloride solution, and mixing to obtain the pretreated coconut shells.
9. The method for preparing a composite air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reagent in the step (4): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 7-12, mixing the guar gum and the sodium bicarbonate solution to obtain the reagent.
10. The preparation method of the composite air filtering material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conditions of the hot rolling treatment in the step (4) are that the temperature is 150-160 ℃ and the speed is 50-80 rmin.
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