CN111067571B - Ultrasonic blood detection method and device - Google Patents
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- A61B8/06—Measuring blood flow
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/488—Diagnostic techniques involving Doppler signals
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic blood detection method and a device, and the method comprises the following steps: transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals by adopting a high-frequency micro linear array transducer with beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting functions; and calculating the average distance of scattering elements of red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the received ultrasonic echo signals, and comparing the average distance with normal blood flow so as to evaluate the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body. The invention utilizes the characteristic of deflection emission of the linear array transducer to realize accurate and effective measurement of the blood flow velocity (macroscopic characteristic), utilizes the characteristic of beam synthesis of the linear array transducer to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals, and utilizes the characteristic of high-frequency ultrasonic spatial resolution to realize the representation (microscopic characteristic) of the average distance of red blood cells of blood, thereby deducing the change of blood concentration; two properties of flowing blood can be obtained simultaneously: flow rate and concentration, provide more information for blood assessment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical lesion detection and auxiliary diagnosis, in particular to an ultrasonic blood detection method and device.
Background
The color Doppler ultrasound technique has been clinically applied to the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory lesions of body surfaces and gynecological diseases [1 ]. The Doppler ultrasound can reflect different flow velocities and different states of blood flow, including laminar flow, vortex and turbulent flow, and has the advantages of no wound, no radiation, rapidness, low price and the like. [2]
However, some diseases cause imbalance of red blood cells in blood, and as a result, the number of red blood cells is decreased or increased, thereby causing anemia or polycythemia, such as leukemia, hemolytic anemia, early thrombosis, and the like. [3, 4] diagnosis of these diseases is often difficult to diagnose by detecting changes in blood flow velocity and direction, and in this case, it is clinically significant to identify and diagnose these diseases by detecting the state of change in the number or concentration of red blood cells [5 ].
The existing extracorporeal blood detection device mainly has the following defects: firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the method of destructive detection is mostly adopted, the blood of the patient needs to be extracted for detection, the pain of the patient is increased, and the operation of professional personnel is needed. Second, current detecting instrument is mostly professional check out test set, inconvenient patient's daily use.
The basic principle of the ultrasonic doppler technique, which is the most common technique for non-destructive detection of blood flow, is that an ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic waves with a certain intensity, and when the ultrasonic waves encounter moving blood, the ultrasonic waves are scattered when they encounter red blood cells because the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves is greater than the diameter of the red blood cells in the blood (the diameter of the red blood cells in the blood component is the largest). Meanwhile, because the red blood cells move, the scattered echo signals are subjected to Doppler frequency shift, and the frequency shift is larger when the speed is higher. The moving speed of the red blood cells can be calculated by analyzing the frequency shift amount in the echo signals and combining with a mathematical formula related to the Doppler technology [6 ]. However, the ultrasonic doppler technique cannot easily estimate the number or concentration of red blood cells in blood, and thus cannot provide a basis for diagnosing diseases such as leukemia or hemolytic anemia.
Another quantitative ultrasound assessment method is to detect the distribution of cells in a culture dish [7 ]. The basic principle is to obtain the average distance between cells in a region by utilizing a cepstrum analysis method according to the scattering signals of the cells, thereby quantitatively evaluating the cell distribution condition in a culture dish. However, no researchers have been able to evaluate the blood condition by this method for the following reasons: first, the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal is too low, resulting in an inaccurate calculation. Second, the red blood cells in the flowing blood are randomly distributed and in motion, resulting in unstable calculation results. Therefore, no researchers have been able to estimate the number or concentration of red blood cells in blood by using the mean distance between scattering elements.
Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an ultrasonic blood detection method and device for detecting the concentration change of red blood cells in the body surface blood vessels, which has simple structure, accurate measurement result, convenient operation and no wound.
Reference to the literature
[1] Forest courts, Linxinlin, Schopper, color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic map for superficial organ and vascular disease [ M ].2006.
[2] Epoch Doppler ultrasound diagnostic and test data [ M ].2007.
[3] Huangcatalen erythrocytosis [ J ]. J.Clin hematology, 1989.
[4] Continental cultch leukemia therapeutics [ M ].2012.
[5] Liu Xinyue, New compilation leukemia cell morphology diagnostics [ M ].2008.
[6] Wang source, Chenxi, Zhang Yu, Wang Wei, thrombus is detected by ultrasonic Doppler technology (1): 29-33).
[7]Nasr,R.,et al.(2015).Mean scatterer spacing estimation from pellets using cepstral analysis:A preliminary study.2015International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering(ICABME),IEEE.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic blood detection method and device for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an ultrasonic blood detection method comprises the following steps:
transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals by adopting a high-frequency micro linear array transducer with beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting functions;
and calculating the average distance of scattering elements taking red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the received ultrasonic echo signals, and evaluating the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body by comparing the average distance with normal blood flow.
Preferably, the ultrasonic echo signal is amplified, filtered and subjected to A/D conversion, and then the average distance between scattering elements is calculated.
Preferably, a plurality of array elements are arranged on the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer.
Preferably, the step of calculating the average distance between the scattering elements includes:
1) calculating RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals obtained after a plurality of times of ultrasonic detection within a period of time;
2) calculating each group of RF data corresponding to each array element by using a scattering element average distance algorithm to obtain an MSS value, distinguishing the MSS values in the blood vessel from the MSS values outside the blood vessel, extracting the MSS values in the blood vessel, averaging, and then integrating in a time dimension to obtain a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration;
3) and comparing the mMSS of the test body with the mMSS of the normal blood flow as a reference value, judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is lower when the mMSS of the test body is larger than the reference value, and judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is higher when the mMSS of the test body is smaller than the reference value.
Preferably, the step 1) specifically includes:
the high-frequency micro-type linear array transducer obtains a group of RF data in a specific depth area after finishing transmitting and receiving once, each array element obtains a group of RF data, and all the groups of RF data of a plurality of array elements are stored to obtain a two-dimensional array; the high-frequency micro linear array transducer continuously transmits and receives for n times within a period of time to obtain n two-dimensional arrays, so that a three-dimensional matrix is formed; and the data contained in the three-dimensional matrix is the RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals scattered back by the red blood cells in the blood vessel when the blood flow flows through the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer in the period of time.
Preferably, the step 2) specifically includes:
2-1) assuming that a first group of RF data corresponding to a first array element is a column vector X (n), performing Fourier transform to obtain a frequency domain signal X (omega):
X(ω)＝FT{x(n)}；
then, carrying out cepstrum transformation to obtain cepstrum signals C (n):
C(n)＝IFT{Log(X(ω))}；
finally, drawing a curve on the cepstrum signal, finding the position of the strong scattering element by using a local peak value method, recording the positions, calculating the distance between the positions, and finally averaging to obtain an average value as an MSS value; thus, all RF data corresponding to each array element are obtained, and an MSS value corresponding to each array element is obtained through calculation;
2-2) outputting all the values of the MSS obtained in the step 2-1) along with the time change to a change curve, wherein each array element corresponds to a curve of the MSS along with the time change, cross correlation coefficients are obtained between the MSS change curves corresponding to every two adjacent array elements, all the cross correlation coefficients obtained by calculation and the corresponding array elements are respectively used as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate, a fitting curve is drawn, and the position of the significant mutation of the correlation coefficient is found, so that the boundary position of the blood vessel and the echo signal corresponding to the boundary position are determined, the MSS calculation result of the echo signal outside the blood vessel is removed, the MSS value in the blood vessel is extracted and averaged, and then the integral is obtained on the time dimension, so that a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration is obtained.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic blood detection device which adopts the method to carry out ultrasonic detection for detecting the concentration of the red blood cells in the body surface blood vessels.
Preferably, the device comprises a detection zone and a host computer;
the detection ring band comprises an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe and a fixed ring band, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe is a high-frequency micro-linear array transducer which has the functions of beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals, and the number of array elements arranged on the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer is 8, 16, 24 or 32.
Preferably, the host comprises an ultrasonic transceiver, a data processing unit and a display unit which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transceiver comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module and an ultrasonic receiving module, and the ultrasonic transmitting module realizes delayed transmission of each independent array element through programming, so as to realize the functions of beam deflection transmission and beam synthesis transmission;
the ultrasonic receiving module receives a high-frequency ultrasonic echo signal, amplifies, filters and A/D converts the signal and transmits the signal to the data processing unit;
the data processing unit calculates the average distance between scattering elements of red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the ultrasonic echo signals, and finishes the evaluation of the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize deflection emission and beam synthesis through the high-frequency micro linear array transducer, the signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals can be increased through the beam synthesis, the deflection emission can ensure that the propagation direction of ultrasonic waves keeps an acute angle with the axis of a blood vessel, the oblique incidence of high-frequency ultrasonic waves is realized, red blood cells in blood are used as scattering elements, and all the scattered high-frequency echo signals are collected. Calculating the average distance of scattering elements through a designed algorithm so as to evaluate the concentration of red blood cells in blood;
in the invention, the accurate and effective measurement (macroscopic characteristics) of the blood flow velocity is realized by utilizing the deflection and emission characteristics of the linear array transducer, the signal to noise ratio of an echo signal is improved by utilizing the beam forming characteristics of the linear array transducer, and the representation (microscopic characteristics) of the average distance between red blood cells of blood is realized by utilizing the high spatial resolution characteristic of high-frequency ultrasound, so that the change of the blood concentration is deduced. Based on this, the invention can simultaneously obtain two characteristics of flowing blood: flow rate and concentration provide more information for blood assessment, which also provides more dimensional information for diagnosing blood related diseases.
The high-frequency linear array transducer is very small and small, and the size of the transducer can be processed to be small enough (<1cm), so that the transducer can be conveniently fixed on the body surface of any part to be detected, and not only can the real-time detection be realized, but also the long-time monitoring can be realized. The significance of long-time monitoring is that the change of data along with time can be recorded for a long time, abnormal values of blood concentration can be more accurately judged according to the real conditions of different patients, and prompt can be made in time. The whole process is non-invasive, blood does not need to be drawn, and the whole process is painless.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic blood test apparatus in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a top view of a detection zone in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the detection principle of the ultrasonic blood detection apparatus in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position adjustment of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe in embodiment 2 of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic blood test device of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional matrix in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
An ultrasonic blood detection method, the general idea of the method is as follows:
transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals by adopting a high-frequency micro linear array transducer with beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting functions;
and calculating the average distance of scattering elements taking red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the received ultrasonic echo signals, and evaluating the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body by comparing the average distance with normal blood flow.
Wherein, the ultrasonic echo signal is preprocessed by amplification, filtering, A/D conversion and the like, and then the average distance of scattering elements is calculated.
Wherein, a plurality of array elements are arranged on the high-frequency micro-line array transducer. High-frequency micro-array transducers with 8, 16, 24 or 32 micro-array elements can be designed according to different detection positions.
The specific step of calculating the Mean Scattering Spacing (MSS) of the Scattering elements includes:
1) calculating RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals obtained after a plurality of ultrasonic detections in a period of time:
the high-frequency micro-array transducer can obtain a group of RF data in a specific depth area (the depth position of a blood vessel determined in advance) once transmission and reception are finished, each array element obtains a group of RF data, and a plurality of groups of RF data of a plurality of array elements are all stored to obtain a two-dimensional array (the transverse vector is the number of the array elements, and the longitudinal vector is the RF data); for a period of time, the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer continuously performs transmission and reception for n times, and performs generation for 100 times in the embodiment to obtain 100 two-dimensional arrays, so as to form a three-dimensional matrix; referring to fig. 5, the data contained in the three-dimensional matrix is the RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals scattered back by the blood cells in the blood vessel during the period when the blood flow passes through the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer.
2) And calculating each group of RF data corresponding to each array element by using a scattering element average distance algorithm to obtain an MSS value, distinguishing the MSS values in the blood vessel from the MSS values outside the blood vessel, extracting the MSS values in the blood vessel, averaging, and then integrating in a time dimension to obtain a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
2-1) assuming that a first group of RF data corresponding to a first array element is a column vector X (n), performing Fourier transform to obtain a frequency domain signal X (omega):
X(ω)＝FT{x(n)}；
then, carrying out cepstrum transformation to obtain cepstrum signals C (n):
C(n)＝IFT{Log(X(ω))}；
finally, drawing a curve on the cepstrum signal, finding the position of the strong scattering element by using a local peak value method, recording the positions, calculating the distance between the positions, and finally averaging to obtain an average value as an MSS value; thus, all RF data corresponding to each array element are obtained, and an MSS value corresponding to each array element is obtained through calculation;
2-2) outputting all the values of the MSS obtained in the step 2-1) along with the time change to a change curve, wherein each array element corresponds to a curve of the MSS along with the time change, the cross correlation coefficient between the MSS change curves corresponding to every two adjacent array elements is obtained, all the cross correlation coefficients obtained by calculation and the corresponding array elements are respectively used as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate, a fitting curve is drawn, and the position of the significant mutation of the correlation coefficient is found, so that the boundary position of the blood vessel and the echo signal corresponding to the boundary position are determined, and the MSS calculation result of the echo signal outside the blood vessel is removed. The basic principle of the implementation is as follows: the MSS values of intravascular blood and extravascular tissue are necessarily very different.
2-3) distinguishing MSS values in blood vessels and out blood vessels, extracting the MSS values in the blood vessels, averaging, and then integrating in a time dimension to obtain a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration. Referring to fig. 6, the basic principle is that a high concentration of blood has a larger number of red blood cells in a space region, which results in a large decrease in Inter Scattering Spacing (ISS) between scattering elements, and thus a decrease in the MSS value of the mean distance between scattering elements. Vice versa, blood at low concentrations results in a higher MSS value. Integration over the time dimension can amplify this difference, making the difference in the mMSS values more pronounced.
3) And comparing the mMSS of the test body with the mMSS of the normal blood flow as a reference value, judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is lower when the mMSS of the test body is larger than the reference value, and judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is higher when the mMSS of the test body is smaller than the reference value.
According to the invention, deflection emission and beam synthesis can be realized through the high-frequency micro linear array transducer, the signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals can be increased through the beam synthesis, the deflection emission can ensure that the propagation direction of ultrasonic waves and the axis of a blood vessel keep an acute angle, the oblique incidence of high-frequency ultrasonic waves is realized, red blood cells in blood are used as scattering elements, and all high-frequency echo signals scattered back are collected. And calculating the mean spacing of the scattering elements by a designed algorithm so as to evaluate the concentration change of the red blood cells in the blood. Finally, the processing result can be displayed in a graph form, and is intuitive and easy to understand.
In the invention, the accurate and effective measurement (macroscopic characteristics) of the blood flow velocity is realized by utilizing the deflection and emission characteristics of the linear array transducer, the signal to noise ratio of an echo signal is improved by utilizing the beam forming characteristics of the linear array transducer, and the representation (microscopic characteristics) of the average distance between red blood cells of blood is realized by utilizing the high spatial resolution characteristic of high-frequency ultrasound, so that the change of the blood concentration is deduced. Based on this, the invention can obtain two characteristics of flowing blood, namely flow speed and concentration, and provides more information for blood evaluation, and also provides more dimensional information for diagnosing diseases related to blood.
On the other hand, the high-frequency linear array transducer of the invention is very small, and the size of the transducer can be processed to be small enough (<1cm), so that the transducer can be conveniently fixed on the body surface of any part to be detected, and not only can the real-time detection be realized, but also the long-time monitoring can be realized. The significance of long-time monitoring is that the change of data along with time can be recorded for a long time, abnormal values of blood concentration can be more accurately judged according to the real conditions of different patients, and prompt can be made in time. The whole process is non-invasive, blood does not need to be drawn, and the whole process is painless.
Example 2
Based on the method of example 1, an ultrasonic blood testing apparatus is provided, which performs ultrasonic testing for detecting the concentration of red blood cells in body surface blood vessels by the method of example 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus includes a detection zone and a host.
The detection ring belt comprises an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe and a fixing ring belt, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe is a high-frequency micro-linear array transducer which has the functions of beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals, and the number of array elements arranged on the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer is 8, 16, 24 or 32. In the present invention, the high frequency micro-linear array transducer provides at least three benefits: firstly, the size of the high-frequency linear array transducer can be processed to be small enough (<1cm), and the high-frequency linear array transducer can be conveniently and accurately attached to the surface of a part to be measured by using the fixed ring belt; secondly, the multi-array element transducer of the linear array can realize beam synthesis and beam deflection by controlling the time of delaying the transmission of ultrasonic waves by each array element; thirdly, the high-frequency transducer generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves which are transmitted in the same tissue, the wave speed is constant, the wavelength of the high-frequency ultrasonic waves is shorter, the spatial resolution of echo signals is higher, and more accurate results can be obtained when echo data are processed in a post-processing mode. The surface of the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer is provided with a matching layer which is used for matching acoustic impedance between transducer materials and the surface of skin and increasing energy in an ultrasonic incident body. The whole micro-linear array transducer is fixed on the skin surface of the part to be detected through a fixed ring band. The leads of the transducer are embedded inside the fixed ring band by integrated circuit technology and then connected to the host computer by multi-axis wires.
The host comprises an ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device, a data processing unit and a display unit which are sequentially connected. The ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module and an ultrasonic receiving module, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting module realizes delayed transmission of each independent array element through programming, so that the functions of beam deflection transmission and beam synthesis transmission are realized; the ultrasonic receiving module receives a high-frequency ultrasonic echo signal, performs preprocessing such as amplification, filtering and A/D conversion on the signal to obtain an ultrasonic Radio Frequency (RF) signal, and transmits the signal to the data processing unit; the data processing unit analyzes and processes the ultrasonic radio frequency signals as in embodiment 1, and the data processing unit mainly comprises an algorithm of mean spacing of scattering elements, a doppler flow velocity estimation algorithm and some integration algorithms to realize the evaluation of the concentration of red blood cells in the blood of the test body, and finally the result of data processing is displayed in a display unit in a form of a graph.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of the inspection principle of the apparatus of this embodiment is shown, and the detection process of the apparatus is as follows:
1. an ultrasonic couplant layer is coated on the surface of the skin of a part to be detected, and the phenomenon that bubbles are introduced to influence the incidence of ultrasonic waves is avoided during coating. Then, a high-frequency linear array transducer in the detection ring belt is placed on the surface of a part to be detected, the ultrasonic transmitting module starts to simultaneously excite each array element and transmits plane ultrasonic waves to the inside of human tissues, echo signals are received by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe and are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving module to be amplified, filtered, subjected to A/D conversion and the like, and then the signals are transmitted to the data processing unit. Doppler blood flow algorithm analysis is carried out in the data processing unit, and the position of the blood vessel under the ultrasonic window and the direction of blood flow are obtained. At this point, three situations may occur, each with a different adjustment scheme. In the first case, no blood flow is detected under the ultrasound view, at which time the imaging parameters should be adjusted or the position of the probe adjusted until the blood vessel is found. In the second case, the direction of the ultrasound beam and the direction of the blood flow form an angle close to 90 degrees, and the doppler effect is very weak at this time, which results in very weak blood flow signals, and the ultrasound transmitting module can switch to beam deflection transmission, and the blood flow doppler signals are enhanced by reaching a specific incident angle through the beam deflection transmission (see fig. 4 a). In the third case, the blood flow signal can be observed directly, so that all array elements are kept to excite the formed plane wave to emit at the same time, and the probe is fixed directly by using a fixed ring (as shown in fig. 4 b).
2. The step 1 is to correctly place the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe on the surface of the part to be detected, preliminarily determine the depth position of the blood vessel and the blood flow direction, and provide basic parameters for the later data processing. When the position of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe is adjusted in place and the position of the blood vessel and the flow direction of the blood flow are obtained, the ultrasonic transmitting module is switched to beam forming transmission, and the signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals is improved. The echo signal is continuously received by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe and transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving module for processing such as amplification, filtering, a/D conversion and the like, and then the signal is transmitted to the data processing unit, and according to the method in embodiment 1, scattering element average distance algorithm analysis is performed in the data processing unit to obtain a final detection result, and the final detection result is displayed and output through the display unit.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown in the description and the examples, which are set forth, but are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor as are suited to the particular use contemplated, and further modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art, since the invention is not limited to the details shown and described without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An ultrasonic blood detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals by adopting a high-frequency micro linear array transducer with beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting functions;
calculating the average distance of scattering elements taking red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the received ultrasonic echo signals, and evaluating the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body by comparing the average distance with normal blood flow;
the ultrasonic echo signals are amplified, filtered and subjected to A/D conversion processing, and then the average distance between scattering elements is calculated;
the high-frequency micro-line array transducer is provided with a plurality of array elements;
the method for calculating the average distance between the scattering elements comprises the following specific steps:
1) calculating RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals obtained after a plurality of times of ultrasonic detection within a period of time;
2) calculating each group of RF data corresponding to each array element by using a scattering element average distance algorithm to obtain an MSS value, distinguishing the MSS values in the blood vessel from the MSS values outside the blood vessel, extracting the MSS values in the blood vessel, averaging, and then integrating in a time dimension to obtain a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration;
3) and comparing the mMSS of the test body with the mMSS of the normal blood flow as a reference value, judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is lower when the mMSS of the test body is larger than the reference value, and judging that the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body is higher when the mMSS of the test body is smaller than the reference value.
2. The ultrasonic blood test method according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) specifically comprises:
the high-frequency micro-type linear array transducer obtains a group of RF data in a specific depth area after finishing transmitting and receiving once, each array element obtains a group of RF data, and all the groups of RF data of a plurality of array elements are stored to obtain a two-dimensional array; the high-frequency micro linear array transducer continuously transmits and receives for n times within a period of time to obtain n two-dimensional arrays, so that a three-dimensional matrix is formed; and the data contained in the three-dimensional matrix is the RF data of all ultrasonic echo signals scattered back by the red blood cells in the blood vessel when the blood flow flows through the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer in the period of time.
3. The ultrasonic blood detection method according to claim 2, wherein the step 2) specifically comprises:
2-1) assuming that a first group of RF data corresponding to a first array element is a column vector X (n), performing Fourier transform to obtain a frequency domain signal X (omega):
X(ω)=FT{x(n)}；
then, carrying out cepstrum transformation to obtain cepstrum signals C (n):
C(n)=IFT{Log(X(ω))}；
finally, drawing a curve on the cepstrum signal, finding the position of the strong scattering element by using a local peak value method, recording the positions, calculating the distance between the positions, and finally averaging to obtain an average value as an MSS value; thus, all RF data corresponding to each array element are obtained, and an MSS value corresponding to each array element is obtained through calculation;
2-2) outputting all the values of the MSS obtained in the step 2-1) along with the time change to a change curve, wherein each array element corresponds to a curve of the MSS along with the time change, cross correlation coefficients are obtained between the MSS change curves corresponding to every two adjacent array elements, all the cross correlation coefficients obtained by calculation and the corresponding array elements are respectively used as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate, a fitting curve is drawn, and the position of the significant mutation of the correlation coefficient is found, so that the boundary position of the blood vessel and the echo signal corresponding to the boundary position are determined, the MSS calculation result of the echo signal outside the blood vessel is removed, the MSS value in the blood vessel is extracted and averaged, and then the integral is obtained on the time dimension, so that a parameter mMSS which is positively correlated with the blood concentration is obtained.
4. An ultrasonic blood test device for performing an ultrasonic test for measuring the concentration of red blood cells in a body surface vessel by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The ultrasonic blood test device of claim 4, wherein the device comprises a test cuff and a mainframe;
the detection ring band comprises an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe and a fixed ring band, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe is a high-frequency micro-linear array transducer which has the functions of beam deflection transmitting and beam synthesis transmitting and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic echo signals, and the number of array elements arranged on the high-frequency micro-linear array transducer is 8, 16, 24 or 32.
6. The ultrasonic blood testing device of claim 5, wherein said host comprises an ultrasonic transceiver, a data processing unit and a display unit connected in sequence.
7. The ultrasonic blood detection device of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module and an ultrasonic receiving module, and the ultrasonic transmitting module is programmed to implement delayed transmission of each independent array element, so as to implement the functions of beam deflection transmission and beam synthesis transmission;
the ultrasonic receiving module receives a high-frequency ultrasonic echo signal, amplifies, filters and A/D converts the signal and transmits the signal to the data processing unit;
the data processing unit calculates the average distance between scattering elements of red blood cells in the blood of the test body as the scattering elements through the ultrasonic echo signals, and finishes the evaluation of the concentration of the red blood cells in the blood of the test body.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4993418A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1991-02-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Doppler blood flow system and method using low frequency noise signal processing |
| WO2015033139A1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-12 | The University Court Of The University Of Glasgow | Device and method for causing aggregation of blood cells and method of treating bleeding from an injury |
| CN107411774A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-01 | 日探科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of wearable ultrasonic thrombus detection means |
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| JP2004261229A (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-09-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment |
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| US4993418A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1991-02-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Doppler blood flow system and method using low frequency noise signal processing |
| WO2015033139A1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-12 | The University Court Of The University Of Glasgow | Device and method for causing aggregation of blood cells and method of treating bleeding from an injury |
| CN107411774A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-01 | 日探科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of wearable ultrasonic thrombus detection means |
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