CN111064441A - Variable gain amplifier, vector modulation phase shifter and communication device - Google Patents
Variable gain amplifier, vector modulation phase shifter and communication device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/68—Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
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- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of integrated circuit design, and provides a variable gain amplifier, a vector modulation phase shifter and a communication device, wherein the variable gain amplifier comprises: the load module comprises a first load module, a second load module, a third load module and at least two amplifying modules; the resistance value of the first load module is the same as the resistance value of the second load module; the amplification module includes: the amplifier comprises a first transconductance amplifying unit, a second transconductance amplifying unit, a first switching unit, a second switching unit, a third switching unit and a fourth switching unit. By controlling the opening and closing of the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit, the total working current flowing through the input port of the variable gain amplifier is constant when each amplification module is opened or closed, so that the impedance of the input port of the variable gain amplifier is constant in various gain states, and the standing-wave ratio of the input port is constant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a variable gain amplifier, a vector modulation phase shifter and a communication device.
Background
Vector modulation phase shifters may be used in a variety of communications, data transmission, civil or military radars. Referring to fig. 1, the vector modulation phase shifter is composed of a single-end to differential circuit, a differential quadrature generation circuit, an I-path differential digital controlled VGA (Variable gain amplifier), a Q-path differential digital controlled VGA, an analog adder, a differential to single-end circuit, and a digital control circuit. The differential quadrature generating circuit generates an I path signal and a Q path signal, the differential numerical control VGA is used for changing the amplitude of the I path signal and the Q path signal, the adder realizes vector synthesis, and the two paths of signals with different amplitudes synthesize signals with different angles, so that the phase shifting function is realized.
Due to different working currents and working states of the VGA in different gain states, the input impedance is different and the standing-wave ratio of the input port is different. Therefore, the vector modulation phase shifter shows different input port standing waves in different phase shifting states, and when the vector modulation phase shifter and a preceding stage circuit are cascaded, the phase of the preceding stage circuit is affected, so that the phase shifting precision of the vector modulation phase shifter is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a variable gain amplifier, a vector modulation phase shifter and a communication device, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the phase shift precision of the vector modulation phase shifter is affected due to different working currents of the variable gain amplifier and different standing-wave ratios of input ports in different gain states.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable gain amplifier, including: the load module comprises a first load module, a second load module, a third load module and at least two amplifying modules; the resistance value of the first load module is the same as that of the second load module;
the amplification module includes: the amplifier comprises a first transconductance amplifying unit, a second transconductance amplifying unit, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit;
the input end of the first transconductance amplifying unit is used for receiving an external radio frequency forward input signal, and the output end of the first transconductance amplifying unit is respectively connected with the first end of the first switch unit and the first end of the second switch unit; the second end of the first switch unit is respectively connected with the first load module and the first output end of the variable gain amplifier, and the control end of the first switch unit is used for receiving a first control signal; the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the third load module, and the control end of the second switch unit is used for receiving a second control signal; the first control signal is complementary to the second control signal;
the input end of the second transconductance amplifying unit is used for receiving an external radio frequency negative input signal, and the output end of the second transconductance amplifying unit is respectively connected with the first end of the third switching unit and the first end of the fourth switching unit; a second end of the third switching unit is respectively connected with the second load module and a second output end of the variable gain amplifier, and a control end of the third switching unit is used for receiving the first control signal; a second end of the fourth switching unit is connected with the third load module, and a control end of the fourth switching unit is used for receiving a second control signal;
the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying unit is the same as the transconductance of the second transconductance amplifying unit.
Optionally, the first transconductance amplifying unit includes a first triode, and the second transconductance amplifying unit includes a second triode;
a base electrode of the first triode is connected with the input end of the first transconductance amplifying unit, a collector electrode of the first triode is connected with the output end of the first transconductance amplifying unit, and an emission set of the first triode is grounded; and a base electrode of the second triode is connected with the input end of the second transconductance amplifying unit, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the output end of the second transconductance amplifying unit, and the emission set is grounded.
Optionally, the first triode and the second triode are both NPN-type triodes.
Optionally, the first switching unit includes: a first switch tube;
and the control end of the first switch tube is connected with the control end of the first switch unit, the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the first switch unit, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected with the second end of the first switch unit.
Optionally, the first switching tube includes a third transistor;
and a base of the third triode is connected with the control end of the first switch unit, an emitter of the third triode is connected with the first end of the first switch unit, and a collector of the third triode is connected with the second end of the first switch unit.
Optionally, the circuit structures of the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are the same as the circuit structure of the first switch unit.
Optionally, transconductances of the first transconductance amplifying units corresponding to the respective amplifying modules are distributed in an equal ratio series.
Optionally, the first control signals received by different amplification modules are the same or different, and the second control signals received by different amplification modules are the same or different.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a vector modulation phase shifter, including a variable gain amplifier as provided in the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a communication apparatus comprising a vector modulation phase shifter as provided in the second aspect of embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a variable gain amplifier, which comprises a first load module, a second load module, a third load module and at least two amplification modules; the resistance value of the first load module is the same as that of the second load module; the current flowing into the first load module and the current flowing into the third load module are adjusted through the gating and the disconnection of the at least two amplifying modules, so that the gain is adjustable. The amplification module includes: the amplifier comprises a first transconductance amplifying unit, a second transconductance amplifying unit, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit; when the first switch unit and the third switch unit are opened, the second switch unit and the fourth switch unit are closed simultaneously, and at the moment, the variable gain amplifier outputs the amplified differential radio frequency signal. When the first switching unit and the third switching unit are closed, the second switching unit and the fourth switching unit are opened at the same time, and because the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying unit and the transconductance of the second transconductance amplifying unit are the same, the currents flowing through the second load module are equal in magnitude and have a phase difference of 180 degrees, the currents are mutually offset, the variable gain amplifier is cut off, and no output exists. The on and off of the variable gain amplifier are realized by selecting different branches, but the current flowing through the input end of the variable gain amplifier is not changed when the variable gain amplifier is switched on and off, the impedance of the input port of the variable gain amplifier is not changed when the variable gain amplifier is in various gain states, and the standing-wave ratio of the input port is not changed, so that the phase-shifting precision of the vector modulation phase shifter adopting the variable gain amplifier is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vector modulation phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable gain amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplifying module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an amplifying module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation curve of standing waves at an input port in a full gain state of a variable gain amplifier including 5 amplification modules according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a vector synthesis of a vector modulation phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable gain amplifier, including: the load circuit comprises a first load module 11, a second load module 12, a third load module 13 and at least two amplifying modules 14; the resistance value of the first load module 11 is the same as the resistance value of the second load module 12.
The amplification block 14 includes: a first transconductance amplifying unit 141, a second transconductance amplifying unit 142, a first switching unit 143, a second switching unit 144, a third switching unit 145, and a fourth switching unit 146.
A first transconductance amplifying unit 141, an input end of which is configured to receive an external radio frequency forward input signal Vin +, and an output end of which is connected to a first end of the first switching unit 143 and a first end of the second switching unit 144, respectively; a second end of the first switch unit 143 is connected to the first load module 11 and the first output end of the variable gain amplifier, respectively, and a control end of the first switch unit is configured to receive a first control signal Ctr 1; a second switch unit 144, having a second end connected to the third load module 13, and a control end for receiving a second control signal Ctr 2; the first control signal Ctr1 is complementary to the second control signal Ctr 2.
A second transconductance amplifying unit 142, an input end of which is configured to receive an external radio-frequency negative input signal Vin-, and an output end of which is connected to a first end of the third switching unit 145 and a first end of the fourth switching unit 146, respectively; a second end of the third switching unit 145 is connected to the second load module 12 and the second output end of the variable gain amplifier, respectively, and a control end of the third switching unit is configured to receive the first control signal Ctr 1; a second end of the fourth switching unit 146 is connected to the third load module 13, and a control end of the fourth switching unit is configured to receive the second control signal Ctr 2; the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying unit 141 and the transconductance of the second transconductance amplifying unit 142 are the same.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 provides a schematic connection diagram of at least two amplifying modules 14 and a first load module 11, a second load module 12 and a third load module 13. Each amplification module 14, a first output end of which is connected to the first load module 11 and a first output end of the variable gain amplifier, a second output end of which is connected to the second load module 12 and a second output end of the variable gain amplifier, a third output end of which is connected to the third load module 13, a first input end of which is connected to a first input end of the variable gain amplifier, a second input end of which is connected to a second input end of the variable gain amplifier, a first control end of which is respectively used for receiving different first control signals Ctr1, and a second control end of which is respectively used for receiving different second control signals Ctr 2; the external radio frequency input signal is a differential signal, a first input end of the variable gain amplifier is used for receiving an external radio frequency positive input signal Vin +, and a second input end of the variable gain amplifier is used for receiving an external radio frequency negative input signal Vin-, a first output end of the variable gain amplifier and a second output end of the variable gain amplifier are used for outputting the amplified differential radio frequency signal.
For example, the number of the amplifying modules 14 is 5, the current at the first input end of the variable gain amplifier is the sum of the input currents of the amplifying modules 14, and each of the first control signals Ctr1 and each of the second control signals Ctr2 are respectively used for controlling the on and off of each of the amplifying modules 14, so as to control the current at the first input end of the variable gain amplifier, and further control the amplification multiple of the amplified differential radio frequency signal output by the variable gain amplifier on the external radio frequency input signal, thereby achieving gain adjustability.
The first control signal Ctr1 is complementary to the second control signal Ctr2, and referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows the connection relationship between one amplification module 14 and the first, second and third load modules 11, 12 and 13. When the first control signal Ctr1 is an on signal, the second control signal Ctr2 is an off signal, the first switch unit 143 and the third switch unit 145 are closed, the second switch unit 144 and the fourth switch unit 146 are opened, the first transconductance amplifying unit 141, the first switch unit 143 and the first load module 11 form a first path, the second transconductance amplifying unit 142, the third switch unit 145 and the second load module 12 form a second path, current flows through the second path, and the amplifying module 14 is turned on. Assuming that the current flowing through the first path is I1＝Vin+/gm1The current flowing through the second path is I2＝Vin-/gm2Wherein g ism1Is the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying unit 141, gm2The amplification module 14 is turned on for the transconductance of the second transconductance amplification unit 142.
When the first switch unit 143 and the third switch unit 145 are turned off and the second switch unit 144 and the fourth switch unit 146 are turned on, the first transconductance amplifying unit 141, the second switch unit 144 and the third load module 13 form a third path, the second transconductance amplifying unit 142, the fourth switch unit 146 and the third load module 13 form a fourth path, and since the current of the transconductance amplifying unit is only related to the input voltage and the transconductance value, the current flowing through the third path is unchanged and is I1The current flowing through the fourth path is also constant and is I2Due to the transconductance g of the first transconductance amplifying unit 141m1With second transconductance amplifying unit 142Transconductance gm2Same, then there is I1And I2The magnitude is the same and the phase difference is 180 deg., whereby the total current flowing into the third load module 13 is cancelled to 0 and the amplification module 14 is switched off.
As can be seen from the above, when the amplifying module 14 is turned on or off, the current flowing through the first input terminal of the amplifying module 14 and the current flowing through the second input terminal of the amplifying module 14 are not changed. Since the current at the first input terminal of the variable gain amplifier is the sum of the currents at the first input terminals of the amplifier modules 14, the currents flowing through the first input terminals of the variable gain amplifier are not convenient when the amplifier modules 14 in the variable gain amplifier are turned on or off, that is, the working current of the variable gain amplifier in each gain state is not changed, the impedance of the input port is not changed, and the standing-wave ratio of the input port is not changed.
Since the resistance values of the first load module 11 and the second load module 12 are the same, and the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying module 14 is the same as the transconductance of the second transconductance amplifying module 14, the signal Out1 output by the first output terminal of the variable gain amplifier and the signal Out2 output by the second output terminal of the variable gain amplifier amplify the external radio frequency positive input signal Vin + and the external radio frequency negative input signal Vin-in equal proportion, and the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the variable gain amplifier output the amplified external radio frequency signal without distortion.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the first transconductance amplifying unit 141 may include a first transistor Neg _ QF1The second transconductance amplifying unit 142 includes a second transistor Neg _ QF2。
The first triode Neg _ QF1The base is connected to the input end of the first transconductance amplifying unit 141, the collector is connected to the output end of the first transconductance amplifying unit 141, and the emitter is grounded; second triode Neg _ QF2The base is connected to the input end of the second transconductance amplifying unit 142, the collector is connected to the output end of the second transconductance amplifying unit 142, and the emitter is grounded.
In some embodiments, the first transistor Neg _ QF1And a second transistor Neg _ QF2Both can be NPN type triode.
In some embodiments, the first switching unit 143 may include: a first switch tube.
And a control end of the first switch tube is connected with a control end of the first switch unit 143, a first end of the first switch tube is connected with a first end of the first switch unit 143, and a second end of the first switch tube is connected with a second end of the first switch unit 143.
In some embodiments, the first switch tube may include a third transistor. And a base of the third transistor is connected to the control end of the first switching unit 143, an emitter of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the first switching unit 143, and a collector of the third transistor is connected to the second end of the first switching unit 143.
In some embodiments, the third transistor may be an NPN transistor.
Referring to fig. 4, the first switching tube Pos _ QA1The base is connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit 143, the emitter is connected to the first terminal of the first switching unit 143, and the collector is connected to the second terminal of the first switching unit 143.
In some embodiments, the circuit structures of the second, third and fourth switching units 144, 145 and 146 may be the same as that of the first switching unit 143. For example, the second switching unit 144, the third switching unit 145 and the fourth switching unit 146 may each include an NPN transistor.
Referring to fig. 4, the second switching tube Pos _ Qc1The base is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit 144, the emitter is connected to the first terminal of the second switching unit 144, and the collector is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit 144. A base of the third switching tube Neg _ QC1 is connected to a control terminal of the third switching unit 145, an emitter thereof is connected to a first terminal of the third switching unit 145, and a collector thereof is connected to a second terminal of the third switching unit 145. A base of the fourth switching tube Neg _ QA1 is connected to the control end of the fourth switching unit 146, an emitter is connected to the first end of the fourth switching unit 146, and a collector is connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit 146.
In some embodiments, the transconductances of the first transconductance amplifying units 141 corresponding to the respective amplifying modules 14 may be distributed in an equal ratio array. For example, each first transconductanceThe transconductance of the amplifying unit 141 can be gm, 2gm, 4gm, …, 2N-1gm, the transconductance of each second transconductance amplifying unit 142 is the same as that of the corresponding first transconductance amplifying unit 141, and is gm, 2gm, 4gm, …, 2N-1gm. The transconductance of each amplifying module 14 is distributed in an equal ratio array, so that the amplification factor of the variable gain amplifier is uniform and continuously adjustable.
In some embodiments, the first control signals Ctr1 received by different amplification modules 14 are the same or different, and the second control signals Ctr2 received by different amplification modules 14 are the same or different. For example, the variable gain amplifier includes 5 amplification blocks 14, and the first control signal Ctr1 of each amplification block 14 may be: 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, that is, the first control signal Ctr1 of the first amplification module 14 is at a high level, the first control signals Ctr1 of the second, third and fourth amplification modules 14, 14 are all at a low level, and the first control signal Ctr1 of the fifth amplification module 14 is at a high level; alternatively, the first control signal Ctr1 of each amplification module 14 may be: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, the control signal of each amplifying module 14 is high level. The variable gain amplifier may have a gain of 2 according to the state of the first control signal Ctr1 received by the different amplification modules 145And (4) an operating state.
Fig. 5 shows the input port standing wave simulation curves for 32 gain states of the variable gain amplifier having 5 amplification modules 14, where the 32 curves completely coincide. It can be seen that the standing wave can be kept uniform in different gain states of the variable gain amplifier employing the structure in the above embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a vector modulation phase shifter which comprises the variable gain amplifier provided by the embodiment of the invention.
For example, referring to fig. 1, the vector modulation phase shifter may include: the circuit comprises a single-end-to-differential circuit, a differential quadrature generation circuit, an I-path variable gain amplifier, a Q-path variable gain amplifier, an analog adder, a differential-to-single-end circuit and a digital control circuit. The differential quadrature circuit generates I, Q two paths of signals, the variable gain amplifier circuit changes I, Q signal amplitudes, the digital control circuit is used for generating each first control signal Ctr1 and each second control signal Ctr2 to realize control over the variable gain amplifier of the I path and the variable gain amplifier of the Q path, each analog adder realizes vector synthesis of I, Q two paths of signals, I, Q signals with different amplitudes synthesize signals with different angles, and therefore the phase shifting function is realized, and reference is made to fig. 6. In the embodiment of the invention, the variable gain amplifier provided by the embodiment is adopted to amplify the signals of the I path and the Q path, the standing-wave ratio of the input port of the variable gain amplifier is unchanged, and the phase-shifting precision of the vector modulation phase shifter is accurate.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus, including the vector modulation phase shifter provided in the above embodiment of the present invention.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A variable gain amplifier, comprising: the load module comprises a first load module, a second load module, a third load module and at least two amplifying modules; the resistance value of the first load module is the same as the resistance value of the second load module;
the amplification module includes: the amplifier comprises a first transconductance amplifying unit, a second transconductance amplifying unit, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit;
the input end of the first transconductance amplifying unit is used for receiving an external radio frequency forward input signal, and the output end of the first transconductance amplifying unit is respectively connected with the first end of the first switch unit and the first end of the second switch unit; a second end of the first switch unit is connected with the first load module and a first output end of the variable gain amplifier respectively, and a control end of the first switch unit is used for receiving a first control signal; a second end of the second switch unit is connected with the third load module, and a control end of the second switch unit is used for receiving a second control signal; the first control signal is complementary to the second control signal;
an input end of the second transconductance amplifying unit is used for receiving an external radio-frequency negative input signal, and an output end of the second transconductance amplifying unit is connected with a first end of the third switching unit and a first end of the fourth switching unit respectively; a second end of the third switching unit is connected to the second load module and a second output end of the variable gain amplifier, respectively, and a control end of the third switching unit is used for receiving the first control signal; a second end of the fourth switching unit is connected with the third load module, and a control end of the fourth switching unit is used for receiving the second control signal;
the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifying unit and the transconductance of the second transconductance amplifying unit are the same.
2. The variable gain amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first transconductance amplification unit comprises a first triode and the second transconductance amplification unit comprises a second triode;
a base electrode of the first triode is connected with an input end of the first transconductance amplifying unit, a collector electrode of the first triode is connected with an output end of the first transconductance amplifying unit, and an emission set of the first triode is grounded; and the base of the second triode is connected with the input end of the second transconductance amplifying unit, the collector of the second triode is connected with the output end of the second transconductance amplifying unit, and the emission set is grounded.
3. The variable gain amplifier of claim 2, wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are NPN transistors.
4. The variable gain amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first switching unit comprises: a first switch tube;
and the control end of the first switch tube is connected with the control end of the first switch unit, the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the first switch unit, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected with the second end of the first switch unit.
5. The variable gain amplifier of claim 4, wherein said first switching transistor comprises a third transistor;
and the base of the third triode is connected with the control end of the first switch unit, the emitter of the third triode is connected with the first end of the first switch unit, and the collector of the third triode is connected with the second end of the first switch unit.
6. The variable gain amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the second switching unit, the third switching unit, and the fourth switching unit have the same circuit configuration as the first switching unit.
7. The variable gain amplifier of claim 1, wherein the transconductances of the first transconductance amplifying units corresponding to the respective amplifying modules are distributed in an equal ratio array.
8. The variable gain amplifier of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first control signals received by different amplification modules are the same or different, and the second control signals received by different amplification modules are the same or different.
9. A vector modulation phase shifter comprising a variable gain amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A communication device comprising the vector modulation phase shifter of claim 9.
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| CN202010062193.9A CN111064441A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Variable gain amplifier, vector modulation phase shifter and communication device |
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| CN202010062193.9A CN111064441A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Variable gain amplifier, vector modulation phase shifter and communication device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113572454A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-10-29 | 广州慧智微电子有限公司 | Multiphase phase shifter and multiphase phase shifting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113572454A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-10-29 | 广州慧智微电子有限公司 | Multiphase phase shifter and multiphase phase shifting method |
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