CN111064008B - Multi-phase regulation and control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial - Google Patents
Multi-phase regulation and control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN111064008B CN111064008B CN201911373188.3A CN201911373188A CN111064008B CN 111064008 B CN111064008 B CN 111064008B CN 201911373188 A CN201911373188 A CN 201911373188A CN 111064008 B CN111064008 B CN 111064008B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control, which is formed by metamaterial basic units in a multilayer stacked structure. The basic unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, a honeycomb layer, a second dielectric layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially arranged; wherein the first metal layer comprises a deformed Yersinia cold cross and the second metal layer comprises a cross recess. The special structural design makes the unit have anisotropy, and the unit presents different reflection and transmission characteristics under the incidence of x-polarized waves and y-polarized waves. The invention has simple structure and easy processing, can realize RCS reduction by using a scattering mechanism in a broadband, and has a wave-transparent frequency point with high transmissivity in an RCS reduction band, thereby effectively improving the working environment of radio equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of novel artificial electromagnetic materials, and particularly relates to a scattering wave-transmitting integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial with multiple phase regulation and control integration.
Background
A new type of artificial electromagnetic material, also known as electromagnetic metamaterial (metamaterial), is an artificial material consisting of a periodic or quasi-periodic array of sub-wavelength structures. The electromagnetic metamaterial can regulate and control the amplitude, phase, polarization state, frequency and even angular momentum of electromagnetic waves, thereby attracting wide attention. Metamaterials have a wide range of applications such as absorbers, planar lenses, polarization converters, and the like.
In modern society, antenna technology has a great number of applications, and thus, the application of the antenna cover has received wide attention. The radome can protect the antenna system from external interference. The antenna can bear the influence of severe external environment on mechanical performance, protect the antenna from being damaged by sunlight, sand blown by wind, rain, snow and the like, ensure the stable and reliable performance of an antenna system, reduce the abrasion, corrosion and aging of the antenna system and prolong the service life. To ensure that antenna performance is not affected, they must allow electromagnetic waves to be transmitted with low loss. Based on the characteristics of the band pass Frequency Selective Surface (FSS), it can be applied in the design of radomes. However, the conventional FSS-based radome tends to reflect out-of-band signals, and thus has a large Radar Cross Section (RCS). The stealth of the antenna system will be adversely affected.
At present, the metamaterial generally needs to have multiple functions to handle actual conditions. A Frequency Selective absorber (FSR) can be considered as a combination of an FSS, a radome and an absorber. Compared with the traditional FSS antenna housing, the antenna housing based on the FSR can pass through electromagnetic waves with low loss, and meanwhile, out-of-band signals can be absorbed instead of being reflected. There are many other ways to reduce RCS besides absorption, such as scattering cancellation. The FSR based on the scattering cancellation mechanism can scatter out-of-band signals while transmitting waves with low loss, thereby reducing RCS of the antenna housing and ensuring stealth performance of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects of a traditional antenna housing based on FSS (frequency selective surface), provides a scattering wave-transmitting integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial with various phase regulation and control integration, and the antenna housing applying the metamaterial can realize broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduction and low-loss wave-transmitting in a band.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control functions comprises an electromagnetic coding metamaterial basic unit, a first metal layer, a first dielectric slab layer, a honeycomb layer, a second dielectric slab layer and a second metal layer, wherein the first metal layer, the first dielectric slab layer, the honeycomb layer, the second dielectric slab layer and the second metal layer are sequentially arranged; the first metal layer is a Yelu cold cross, and the Yelu cold cross has axial symmetry and does not have symmetry of rotating 90 degrees; the second metal layer is a metal with a cross groove; the two basic units of '0' and '1' of the electromagnetic coding metamaterial are of the same structure, and the '0' unit is rotated by 90 degrees to become a '1' unit.
Furthermore, the thicknesses of the first dielectric board layer and the second dielectric board layer of the electromagnetic coding metamaterial are 0.25-0.5mm, the dielectric constant is 2.2-3, the thickness of the honeycomb layer is 6-9mm, and the dielectric constant is 1.07-1.15; the unit period length of the basic unit structure is 14-20 mm.
Further, a direction perpendicular to the super surface is defined as a z direction, and when an x-polarized wave propagating in the z direction and a y-polarized wave propagating in the z direction are incident, respectively, reflected waves have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 180 °, and transmitted waves have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 0 °.
Further, the metamaterial is a super surface.
Furthermore, the phase control mode integrates two mechanisms of circuit phase and geometric phase, wherein the circuit phase is controlled by the structural parameters of the Jellian cooling cross of the first metal layer, and the geometric phase is controlled by 90 degrees obtained by rotation between the two units.
Further, the electromagnetic coding metamaterial comprises a plurality of supercells, and each supercell contains a plurality of identical '0' or '1' coding units.
The invention further provides an antenna housing, and the surface of the antenna housing is provided with the scattering wave-transmitting integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control has a low-loss wave-transparent frequency point, RCS reduction bands are arranged on two sides of a wave-transparent band, the stealth performance of an antenna is guaranteed, and the performance is not affected.
2. The invention simultaneously utilizes the geometric phase and the circuit phase to regulate and control, thereby having the effect of scattering cancellation on the homopolar reflected wave and the cross polarization reflected wave, and having simpler design and wider working bandwidth.
3 the RCS reduction performance of the invention has certain broadband characteristic, and the insertion loss at the wave-transparent frequency point is smaller.
The invention has simple structure and convenient realization, and can complete the preparation by utilizing the process of the printed circuit board.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a basic unit model of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a basic unit model according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first metal layer in a basic cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second metal layer in the basic cell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a phase diagram of the reflection coefficients of a normal incident electromagnetic wave by the "0" and "1" digital state encoding units according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the amplitude of the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of normal incidence electromagnetic waves in the "0" and "1" digital state encoding units according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a phase diagram of the transmission coefficients of a "0" and a "1" digital state encoding unit according to the present invention with respect to normal incident electromagnetic waves;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of an encoding matrix according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient obtained by the vector calculation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control, which is divided into a scattering cancellation coding super surface and a transmission type frequency selection surface. The electromagnetic coding metamaterial basic unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric slab layer, a honeycomb layer, a second dielectric slab layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially arranged. The first metal layer, the first dielectric slab layer, the honeycomb layer and the second dielectric slab layer jointly form a scattering cancellation coding super surface, and the second metal layer forms a transmission type frequency selective surface.
In the embodiment of the invention, the metal material can be copper, and the dielectric plate can be a microwave dielectric plate with the model F4B. The two basic units of the electromagnetic coding metamaterial have the same structure, and the unit 0 is rotated by 90 degrees to form the unit 1. Preferably, the thickness of the dielectric plate layer is 0.25-0.5mm, the dielectric constant is 2.2-3, the thickness of the honeycomb layer is 6-9mm, and the dielectric constant is 1.07-1.15. The unit period length of the basic unit structure is 14-20 mm. The first metal layer is a Yelu cold cross (consisting of two crossed I-shaped metal strips) which has axial symmetry but no symmetry of rotation of 90 degrees; the second metal layer is a metal with a cross-shaped groove.
The direction perpendicular to the super surface is defined as a z direction, and when an x-polarized wave propagating along the z direction and a y-polarized wave propagating along the z direction are respectively incident, the reflected waves have the same amplitude and the phase difference is close to 180 degrees, and the transmitted waves have the same amplitude and the phase difference is close to 0 degree.
The metamaterial is a super surface, and two mechanisms of a circuit phase and a geometric phase are integrated in a phase regulation mode, wherein the circuit phase is regulated and controlled through structural parameters of a Yelu scattering cross of a first metal layer, and the geometric phase is regulated and controlled through 90 degrees obtained by rotation between two units.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an antenna housing applying the metamaterial, the surface of the antenna housing is provided with the scattering wave-transmitting integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control, the RCS (radar cross section) reduction of a broadband can be realized, the wave transmission is low in loss in the band, and the stealth performance of the antenna is guaranteed.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and specific examples, which are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure, and by no means limitative of the remainder of the disclosure, and by any modification of the equivalent forms disclosed herein which will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and which are intended to be covered by the appended claims. In the invention, a basic unit '0' unit is rotated by 90 degrees to be used as a '1' unit, and a coding matrix is designed to realize the scattering of normal incident electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band and the wave transmission at a specific frequency point in a scattering band. The invention is explained more in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 show basic constituent units of various phase-control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterials, which are key for realizing the functions. The unit is a multilayer stacked structure, and the '0' and '1' digital state coding units are a first metal layer 1, a first dielectric slab layer 2, a honeycomb layer 3, a second dielectric slab layer 4 and a second metal layer 5 from top to bottom in sequence. The period length of the whole unit structure is 16mm, the thickness of the dielectric plate layer is 0.25mm, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the thickness of the honeycomb layer is 8.5 mm.
Fig. 3 and 4 show the structure of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, wherein the structure parameters are labeled as: a is1＝13.5mm,a2＝6.5mm,q3＝3mm,a4＝7mm,a5＝14mm,w1＝0.5mm,w20.5 mm. The first metal layer serves as an anisotropic super surface and plays a role of providing a circuit phase difference for an x-polarized wave propagating along a z direction (the direction perpendicular to the super surface is defined as the z direction) and a y-polarized wave propagating along the z direction, and the second metal layer serves as a band-pass type frequency selective surface and can provide a wave-transparent window at a specific frequency point.
Fig. 5-7 show that for the "0" and "1" digital state encoding units, the amplitudes of the reflection and transmission coefficients are relatively consistent, and the phase difference of the two units in the reflection frequency band is close to 180 °, and the phase difference at the transmission frequency point is close to 0 °.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a designed coding matrix pattern. In the present invention we introduce supercells, each supercell consisting of 4 x 4 identical "0" or "1" coding units to form a single coding bit, and the entire metamaterial consists of 6 x 6 supercells, so that the size of the entire coding metamaterial is 384mm by 384 mm.
FIG. 9 shows the vector calculation results of the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient under the coding matrix pattern, from which it can be seen that the present invention has a middle frequency passband and two absorption bands on both sides, and there is no space between the passband and the absorption bands, and it can play the role of RCS reduction in the broadband, the minimum insertion loss of the passband at 9GHz is 0.9dB, and RCS reduction of-10 dB is found in 3.5-11.5 GHz.
Claims (7)
1. The scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial integrated with multiple phase regulation and control is characterized in that an electromagnetic coding metamaterial basic unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric slab layer, a honeycomb layer, a second dielectric slab layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially arranged; the first metal layer is a Yelu cold cross, and the Yelu cold cross has axial symmetry and does not have symmetry of rotating 90 degrees; the second metal layer is a metal with a cross groove; the two basic units of '0' and '1' of the electromagnetic coding metamaterial are in the same structure, and the '0' unit is rotated by 90 degrees to form a '1' unit; the first metal layer, the first dielectric slab layer, the honeycomb layer and the second dielectric slab layer jointly form a scattering cancellation coding super surface, and the second metal layer forms a transmission type frequency selective surface; the electromagnetic coding metamaterial has a low-loss wave-transparent frequency point, and RCS reduction bands are arranged on two sides of a wave-transparent band; the metamaterial phase control mode integrates two mechanisms of circuit phase and geometric phase, wherein the circuit phase is controlled through structural parameters of a Yelu cooling cross of the first metal layer, and the geometric phase is controlled through 90 degrees obtained by rotation between the two units.
2. The multiple phase control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate layer and the second dielectric plate layer are 0.25-0.5mm in thickness, 2.2-3 in dielectric constant, 6-9mm in thickness and 1.07-1.15 in dielectric constant.
3. The multiple phase control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the unit period length of the basic unit structure is 14-20 mm.
4. The multiple phase-control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein a direction perpendicular to the metamaterial surface is defined as a z direction, and when an x-polarized wave propagating along the z direction and a y-polarized wave propagating along the z direction are respectively incident, reflected waves have the same amplitude and have a phase difference of 180 degrees, and a transmitted wave has the same amplitude and has a phase difference of 0 degree.
5. The multiple phase manipulation integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial is a super surface.
6. The multiple phase-control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic coding metamaterial comprises a plurality of supercells, and each supercell comprises a plurality of identical "0" or "1" coding units.
7. An antenna housing, characterized in that the surface of the antenna housing is provided with the multiple phase control integrated scattering wave-transparent integrated electromagnetic coding metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN111697335B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-07-20 | 盛纬伦(深圳)通信技术有限公司 | Radar antenna housing with mixed absorption and diffuse scattering |
| CN111969328B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-07-08 | 广西科技大学 | High-performance OAM wave beam generator based on double-layer super surface |
| CN112003010B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 电子科技大学 | Super-surface-based plane wave-electromagnetic flying ring converter and design method thereof |
| CN112332105B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-01-28 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Metamaterial structure with switchable Ku waveband wave-transparent/shielding states |
| CN113394565B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-08-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | All-metal metamaterial lens with near-field convergence function and unit arrangement design method thereof |
| CN113809549B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-09-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | 2-bit electromagnetic surface unit based on two-layer cascade phase control technology |
| CN114498047B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-03-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband low-RCS (radar cross section) super-surface structure based on scattering and absorption synergistic effect |
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