CN111060456B - Method for identifying sandstone uranium ore structure excretion zone by using remote sensing image - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于多光谱遥感分析技术领域，具体涉及一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法，包括如下步骤：步骤一：统一ASTER遥感数据可见光和近红外影像的空间分辨率，并进行波段合成；步骤二：通过调整浮动参数，多次计算盐渍带单波段图像，保存区分度较好的盐渍带单波段图像；步骤三：使用密度分割法确定盐渍带范围，并输出矢量要素；步骤四：通过波段计算增强地表水体和背景对比度；步骤五：使用密度分割法确定水体范围，并输出矢量要素；步骤六：通过波段计算增强地表植被和背景对比度；步骤七、使用密度分割法确定植被范围，并输出矢量要素。
The invention belongs to the technical field of multi-spectral remote sensing analysis, and in particular relates to a method for identifying a sandstone uranium mine structural drainage zone by using remote sensing images. Band synthesis; Step 2: Calculate the single-band image of the salted zone multiple times by adjusting the floating parameters, and save the single-band image of the salted zone with better discrimination; Step 3: Use the density segmentation method to determine the range of the salted zone, and output a vector elements; Step 4: Enhance the contrast between surface water and background through band calculation; Step 5: Use density segmentation to determine the range of water bodies, and output vector elements; Step 6: Enhance surface vegetation and background contrast through band calculation; Step 7, Use density segmentation method to determine the vegetation range and output vector features.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于多光谱遥感分析技术领域，具体涉及一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of multi-spectral remote sensing analysis, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a sandstone uranium mine structural drainage zone by using remote sensing images.
背景技术Background technique
识别构造排泄带，对研究盆地水动力循环系统，进而勘查可地浸砂岩铀矿资源和地下水资源具有直接意义。砂岩铀矿资源多产于承压水盆地，承压水通过构造排泄带向上运动，补给到上覆含水层和潜水含水层直至地表。由于地面被土壤或沙漠覆盖，加之地表蒸发强烈，构造排泄带常常具有一定的隐蔽性。Identifying the tectonic discharge zone is of direct significance to the study of the hydrodynamic circulation system of the basin, and then to the exploration of in-situ leachable sandstone uranium resources and groundwater resources. Sandstone uranium resources are mostly produced in confined water basins. Confined water moves upward through the structural discharge zone and supplies the overlying aquifers and phreatic aquifers to the surface. Because the ground is covered by soil or desert, and the surface evaporation is strong, the tectonic drainage zone often has a certain concealment.
传统的遥感构造排泄带识别技术认为构造排泄带所在区域土壤湿度较大，通过计算遥感数据的湿度指数来识别湿度异常带，进而观察盆内构造排泄带的空间展布特征，分析成矿期研究区的水动力环境，识别构造排泄带。The traditional remote sensing tectonic drainage zone identification technology believes that the soil moisture in the area where the tectonic drainage zone is located is relatively high. The abnormal humidity zone is identified by calculating the humidity index of the remote sensing data, and then the spatial distribution characteristics of the tectonic drainage zone in the basin are observed, and the research on the metallogenic period is analyzed. The hydrodynamic environment of the area was identified, and the structural drainage zone was identified.
对地下水排泄可分为两大类：一类是径流排泄，包括以泉、泄流等方式的排泄在内，其特点是盐随水走，水量排走的同时也排走盐分。另一类是蒸发排泄，其特点是水走盐留。将补给、排泄结合起来，可以划分为两大类地下水循环：渗入径流型和渗入蒸发型。渗入径流型是长期循环的结果，使岩土与其中赋存的地下水向溶滤淡化方向发展；渗入蒸发型为长期循环，使补给区的岩土与地下水淡化脱盐，排泄区的地下水盐化，土壤盐渍化。The groundwater discharge can be divided into two categories: one is the runoff discharge, including the discharge in the form of springs and discharges. The other type is evaporative excretion, which is characterized by the removal of salt by water. Combining recharge and discharge, groundwater circulation can be divided into two categories: infiltration runoff type and infiltration evaporation type. The infiltration-runoff type is the result of long-term circulation, which makes the rock and soil and the groundwater contained in it develop in the direction of leaching and desalination; the infiltration-evaporation type is a long-term circulation, which makes the rock-soil and groundwater in the recharge area desalinated, and the groundwater in the discharge area is salinized. Soil salinization.
干旱程度不高的盆地边缘，蒸发作用较弱，地下水从构造排泄带中排出，往往会和植被关系密切，因此由地下水排泄产生的植被带边缘也是构造排泄带的重要标志。由此，通过对地下水排泄理论的分析，结合已知砂岩型矿床构造排泄带遥感影像的研究，认为构造排泄带在遥感影像上的反映除土壤湿度异常带外，还应包括强烈蒸发、蒸腾作用导致的盐渍带，以及地下水从构造排泄带中排出而产生的植被带。The basin edge with low degree of drought has weak evaporation, and groundwater is discharged from the tectonic drainage zone, which is often closely related to vegetation. Therefore, the edge of the vegetation zone generated by groundwater drainage is also an important symbol of the tectonic drainage zone. Therefore, through the analysis of groundwater discharge theory, combined with the research on remote sensing images of known sandstone-type deposit tectonic discharge zones, it is believed that the reflection of structural discharge zones in remote sensing images should include strong evaporation and transpiration in addition to the abnormal soil moisture zone. The resulting salinity zone, and the vegetative zone resulting from the drainage of groundwater from the tectonic drainage zone.
通过遥感方法识别盆地内与主断裂构造走向一致的线型盐渍带、水体湿度带和植被边缘带，其有可能是构造排泄带切穿地层，地下潜水流出在地表留下的痕迹。其中盆地中干旱地区由于蒸发作用主要表现为盐渍带，较湿润地区主要表现为水体湿度带和植被边缘带。由于这些排泄构造往往与主体构造格架走向一致，且呈直线型，可以排除径流区河流或蒸发导致盐碱地对排泄构造识别的干扰。其中，盐渍带在影像上主要表现为亮度高值区域，高土壤湿度带表现为线型分布的泉、沼泽、河流，这些信息可以通过ASTER影像进行计算，并进行影像高端分割进行识别。The linear salinity zone, water body moisture zone and vegetation edge zone in the basin consistent with the trend of the main fault structure are identified by remote sensing methods, which may be the traces left by the tectonic discharge zone cutting through the stratum and the underground water outflow on the surface. Among them, the arid areas of the basin are mainly characterized by salinity zones due to evaporation, and the more humid areas are mainly water humidity zones and vegetation edge zones. Since these drainage structures tend to be in the same trend as the main structural framework and are linear, it is possible to exclude the interference of saline-alkali land on the identification of drainage structures caused by rivers or evaporation in the runoff area. Among them, the salinity zone is mainly manifested as a high brightness area on the image, and the high soil moisture zone is manifested as a linear distribution of springs, swamps, and rivers.
传统构造排泄带识别认为构造排泄带只与地表出露的湿度带有关，只关注湿度带的遥感识别和分析，因此识别带提取准确性较低。Traditional identification of tectonic drainage belts considers that tectonic drainage belts are only related to moisture belts exposed on the surface, and only focus on remote sensing identification and analysis of moisture belts, so the extraction accuracy of identification belts is low.
因此需要设计一种利用ASTER遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法，用于改善识别排泄带的准确性。Therefore, it is necessary to design a method to identify the structural drainage zone of sandstone uranium deposits using ASTER remote sensing images to improve the accuracy of identifying the drainage zone.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法，用于解决现有技术中排泄带识别只关注湿度带的遥感识别和分析，导致识别带提取准确性较低的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a method for identifying sandstone uranium ore structural discharge zones by using remote sensing images, which is used to solve the problem that the discharge zone identification in the prior art only pays attention to the remote sensing identification and analysis of the humidity zone, resulting in the identification of the zone. Extract technical issues with low accuracy.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for identifying a sandstone uranium deposit structural drainage zone using remote sensing images, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：统一ASTER遥感数据可见光和近红外影像的空间分辨率，并进行波段合成；Step 1: Unify the spatial resolution of visible light and near-infrared images of ASTER remote sensing data, and perform band synthesis;
步骤二：通过调整浮动参数，多次计算盐渍带单波段图像，保存区分度较好的盐渍带单波段图像；Step 2: Calculate the single-band image of the salted zone multiple times by adjusting the floating parameters, and save the single-band image of the salted zone with better discrimination;
步骤三：使用密度分割法确定盐渍带范围，并输出矢量要素；Step 3: Use the density segmentation method to determine the range of the salinity zone, and output vector elements;
步骤四：通过波段计算增强地表水体和背景对比度；Step 4: Enhance the contrast between surface water and background through band calculation;
步骤五：使用密度分割法确定水体范围，并输出矢量要素；Step 5: Use the density segmentation method to determine the water body range and output vector elements;
步骤六：通过波段计算增强地表植被和背景对比度；Step 6: Enhance the contrast of surface vegetation and background through band calculation;
步骤七、使用密度分割法确定植被范围，并输出矢量要素。Step 7: Use the density segmentation method to determine the vegetation range and output vector elements.
所述步骤一还包括：The step 1 also includes:
步骤1.1：原始ASTER遥感影像分为可见光波段影像和短波红外波段影像，分别记为：ASTER_VSR和ASTER_SWIR，所述ASTER_VSR和ASTER_SWIR的波段数分别为3和6；转换ASTER_SWIR的空间分辨率，将空间分辨率转换为15米，转换空间分辨率后的短波红外影像记为ASTER_SWIR_15；Step 1.1: The original ASTER remote sensing image is divided into visible light band image and short-wave infrared band image, which are respectively recorded as: ASTER_VSR and ASTER_SWIR, the number of bands of ASTER_VSR and ASTER_SWIR are 3 and 6 respectively; The rate is converted to 15 meters, and the short-wave infrared image after the conversion of the spatial resolution is recorded as ASTER_SWIR_15;
步骤1.2：将可见光波段影像ASTER_VSR和转换空间分辨率后的短波红外影像ASTER_SWIR_15进行波段合成，波段合成后的影像记为ASTER_STACK，其波段数为9。Step 1.2: Combine the visible light band image ASTER_VSR with the short-wave infrared image ASTER_SWIR_15 after converting the spatial resolution.
所述步骤二还包括：设定波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像为A_yz，在步骤一中波段合成的影像ASTER_STACK的第2波段记为A_S2，ASTER_STACK的第5波段记为A_S5；ASTER_STACK的第6波段记为A_S6，g为浮动参数，g∈(0.25,1)，g值根据盐渍带增强效果调整，则The step 2 further includes: setting the enhanced image of the salted zone after wave band calculation enhancement as A_yz, the second wave band of the ASTER_STACK image synthesized by the wave band in step 1 is marked as A_S 2 , and the fifth wave band of ASTER_STACK is marked as A_S 5 ; The sixth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 6 , g is a floating parameter, g∈(0.25,1), and the g value is adjusted according to the enhancement effect of the salted band, then
A_yz＝(A_S2-(A_S5+A_S6)×g)/(A_S2+(A_S5+A_S6)×g)A_yz=(A_S 2 -(A_S 5 +A_S 6 )×g)/(A_S 2 +(A_S 5 +A_S 6 )×g)
根据盐渍带增强效果，不断调整g值，计算多个盐渍带单波段图像并保存。According to the enhancement effect of the salted zone, the g value is continuously adjusted, and multiple single-band images of the salted zone are calculated and saved.
所述步骤三还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像A_yz的像元值的阈值：波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像A_yz像元值记为A_yz(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为n，通过实验，当A_yz(i,j)>n时，可以得到比较满意的盐渍带提取效果，输出盐渍带范围的矢量文件，记为yzd.shp。The step 3 further includes: adjusting and setting the threshold value of the pixel value of the salted zone-enhanced image A_yz enhanced by the band calculation: the pixel value of the salted zone-enhanced image A_yz enhanced by the band calculation is denoted as A_yz(i,j ), where i is the longitude value and j is the dimension value; set the threshold to n, through experiments, when A_yz(i,j)>n, a satisfactory extraction effect of the salted zone can be obtained, and the vector of the range of the salted zone can be output file, denoted as yzd.shp.
所述步骤四还包括：设定波段计算增强后的水体影像为A_st，步骤一中波段合成影像ASTER_STACK的第1波段记为A_S1，ASTER_STACK的第4波段记为A_S4，ASTER_STACK的第6波段记为A_S6，则The step 4 further includes: setting the water body image enhanced by the band calculation as A_st, the first band of the composite image ASTER_STACK in step 1 is denoted as A_S 1 , the fourth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 4 , and the sixth band of ASTER_STACK Denoted as A_S 6 , then
A_st＝(A_S1-(A_S4+A_S6)×0.5)/(A_S1+(A_S4+A_S6)×0.5)。A_st=(A_S 1 −(A_S 4 +A_S 6 )×0.5)/(A_S 1 +(A_S 4 +A_S 6 )×0.5).
所述步骤五还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的水体影像A_st的像元值的阈值，波段计算增强后的水体影像A_st的像元值记为A_st(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为m，通过实验，当A_st(i,j)<m时，可以得到比较满意的水体提取效果，输出水体范围的矢量文件，记为st.shp。The step 5 further includes: adjusting and setting the threshold value of the pixel value of the water body image A_st enhanced by the band calculation, and the pixel value of the water body image A_st enhanced by the band calculation is denoted as A_st(i, j), where i is Longitude value, j is the dimension value; set the threshold to m, through experiments, when A_st(i,j)<m, a satisfactory water body extraction effect can be obtained, and the vector file of the water body range is output, denoted as st.shp.
所述步骤七还包括：设定波段计算增强后的植被影像为A_zb，步骤一中波段合成影像ASTER_STACK的第2波段记为A_S2，ASTER_STACK的第8波段记为A_S8，则The step 7 further includes: setting the vegetation image after wave band calculation and enhancement as A_zb, in step 1, the second band of the band composite image ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 2 , and the eighth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 8 , then
A_zb＝(A_S2-A_S8)/(A_S2+A_S8))。A_zb=(A_S 2 -A_S 8 )/(A_S 2 +A_S 8 )).
所述步骤七还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的植被影像A_zb的像元值的阈值，波段计算增强后的植被影像A_zb像元值记为A_zb(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为p，通过实验，当A_zb(i,j)>p时，可以得到满意的植被提取效果，输出植被范围的矢量文件，记为zb.shp。The step 7 further includes: adjusting and setting a threshold for the pixel value of the vegetation image A_zb enhanced by the band calculation, and the pixel value of the vegetation image A_zb enhanced by the band calculation is denoted as A_zb(i,j), where i is the longitude value, j is the dimension value; set the threshold to p, through experiments, when A_zb(i,j)>p, a satisfactory vegetation extraction effect can be obtained, and the vector file of the vegetation range is output, denoted as zb.shp.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明根据砂岩铀矿构造排泄带在地表可能表现出的遥感特征，使用Aster数据识别盐渍带、湿度带和植被带，结合目视分析，从而识别盆地内的构造排泄带，缩小找矿预测区。该方法较之传统构造识别带提取更加准确。另外，本发明中阐述了我国北方盆地内呈线性展布的盐渍带，具有构造排泄带识别的证据，并提出了利用ASTER遥感影像提取盐渍带、湿度带和植被带的方法，并以此为依据识别构造排泄带，该方法较之传统构造识别带提取更加准确。According to the remote sensing features that the sandstone uranium ore structural drainage zone may show on the surface, the invention uses Aster data to identify the salinity zone, humidity zone and vegetation zone, and combines visual analysis to identify the structural drainage zone in the basin and narrow the prospecting prediction. Area. This method is more accurate than the traditional structure identification band extraction. In addition, the present invention describes the linearly distributed salinized zone in the northern basin of my country, with evidence for the identification of structural drainage zones, and proposes a method for extracting the salinity zone, humidity zone and vegetation zone by using ASTER remote sensing images. This is based on the identification of structural excretory belts, and this method is more accurate than traditional structural identification belt extraction.
本发明提出基于浮动参数波段计算的盐渍带提取方法，根据动态参数调整提取效果，使盐渍带的提取更加精确。The invention proposes a method for extracting the salted zone based on the calculation of the floating parameter band, and adjusts the extraction effect according to the dynamic parameters, so that the extraction of the salted zone is more accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明设计的一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow chart of utilizing remote sensing image to identify sandstone uranium ore structural discharge zone designed by the present invention;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明的一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法进行详细说明。A method for identifying the structural drainage zone of sandstone uranium deposits by using remote sensing images of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
一种利用遥感影像识别砂岩铀矿构造排泄带的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for identifying a sandstone uranium deposit structural drainage zone using remote sensing images, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：统一ASTER遥感数据可见光和近红外影像的空间分辨率，并进行波段合成；Step 1: Unify the spatial resolution of visible light and near-infrared images of ASTER remote sensing data, and perform band synthesis;
步骤二：通过调整浮动参数，多次计算盐渍带单波段图像，保存区分度较好的盐渍带单波段图像；Step 2: Calculate the single-band image of the salted zone multiple times by adjusting the floating parameters, and save the single-band image of the salted zone with better discrimination;
步骤三：使用密度分割法确定盐渍带范围，并输出矢量要素；Step 3: Use the density segmentation method to determine the range of the salinity zone, and output vector elements;
步骤四：通过波段计算增强地表水体和背景对比度；Step 4: Enhance the contrast between surface water and background through band calculation;
步骤五：使用密度分割法确定水体范围，并输出矢量要素；Step 5: Use the density segmentation method to determine the water body range and output vector elements;
步骤六：通过波段计算增强地表植被和背景对比度；Step 6: Enhance the contrast of surface vegetation and background through band calculation;
步骤七、使用密度分割法确定植被范围，并输出矢量要素。Step 7: Use the density segmentation method to determine the vegetation range and output vector elements.
所述步骤一还包括：The step 1 also includes:
步骤1.1：原始ASTER遥感影像分为可见光波段影像和短波红外波段影像，分别记为：ASTER_VSR和ASTER_SWIR，所述ASTER_VSR和ASTER_SWIR的波段数分别为3和6；转换ASTER_SWIR的空间分辨率，将空间分辨率转换为15米，转换空间分辨率后的短波红外影像记为ASTER_SWIR_15；Step 1.1: The original ASTER remote sensing image is divided into visible light band image and short-wave infrared band image, which are respectively recorded as: ASTER_VSR and ASTER_SWIR, and the number of bands of ASTER_VSR and ASTER_SWIR are 3 and 6 respectively; The rate is converted to 15 meters, and the short-wave infrared image after the conversion of the spatial resolution is recorded as ASTER_SWIR_15;
步骤1.2：将可见光波段影像ASTER_VSR和转换空间分辨率后的短波红外影像ASTER_SWIR_15进行波段合成，波段合成后的影像记为ASTER_STACK，其波段数为9。Step 1.2: Combine the visible light band image ASTER_VSR with the short-wave infrared image ASTER_SWIR_15 after converting the spatial resolution.
所述步骤二还包括：设定波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像为A_yz，在步骤一中波段合成的影像ASTER_STACK的第2波段记为A_S2，ASTER_STACK的第5波段记为A_S5；ASTER_STACK的第6波段记为A_S6，g为浮动参数，g∈(0.25,1)，g值根据盐渍带增强效果调整，则The step 2 further includes: setting the enhanced image of the salted zone after wave band calculation enhancement as A_yz, the second wave band of the ASTER_STACK image synthesized by the wave band in step 1 is marked as A_S 2 , and the fifth wave band of ASTER_STACK is marked as A_S 5 ; The sixth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 6 , g is a floating parameter, g∈(0.25,1), and the g value is adjusted according to the enhancement effect of the salted band, then
A_yz＝(A_S2-(A_S5+A_S6)×g)/(A_S2+(A_S5+A_S6)×g)A_yz=(A_S 2 -(A_S 5 +A_S 6 )×g)/(A_S 2 +(A_S 5 +A_S 6 )×g)
根据盐渍带增强效果，不断调整g值，计算多个盐渍带单波段图像并保存。According to the enhancement effect of the salted zone, the g value is continuously adjusted, and multiple single-band images of the salted zone are calculated and saved.
所述步骤三还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像A_yz的像元值的阈值：波段计算增强后的盐渍带增强影像A_yz像元值记为A_yz(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为n，通过实验，当A_yz(i,j)>n时，可以得到比较满意的盐渍带提取效果，输出盐渍带范围的矢量文件，记为yzd.shp。The step 3 further includes: adjusting and setting the threshold value of the pixel value of the salted zone enhanced image A_yz after band calculation enhancement: the pixel value of the salted zone enhanced image A_yz enhanced by band calculation is denoted as A_yz(i,j ), where i is the longitude value and j is the dimension value; set the threshold to n, through experiments, when A_yz(i,j)>n, a satisfactory extraction effect of the salted zone can be obtained, and the vector of the range of the salted zone can be output file, denoted as yzd.shp.
所述步骤四还包括：设定波段计算增强后的水体影像为A_st，步骤一中波段合成影像ASTER_STACK的第1波段记为A_S1，ASTER_STACK的第4波段记为A_S4，ASTER_STACK的第6波段记为A_S6，则The step 4 further includes: setting the water body image enhanced by the band calculation as A_st, the first band of the composite image ASTER_STACK in step 1 is denoted as A_S 1 , the fourth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 4 , and the sixth band of ASTER_STACK Denoted as A_S 6 , then
A_st＝(A_S1-(A_S4+A_S6)×0.5)/(A_S1+(A_S4+A_S6)×0.5)。A_st=(A_S 1 −(A_S 4 +A_S 6 )×0.5)/(A_S 1 +(A_S 4 +A_S 6 )×0.5).
所述步骤五还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的水体影像A_st的像元值的阈值，波段计算增强后的水体影像A_st的像元值记为A_st(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为m，通过实验，当A_st(i,j)<m时，可以得到比较满意的水体提取效果，输出水体范围的矢量文件，记为st.shp。The step 5 further includes: adjusting and setting the threshold value of the pixel value of the water body image A_st enhanced by the band calculation, and the pixel value of the water body image A_st enhanced by the band calculation is denoted as A_st(i, j), where i is Longitude value, j is the dimension value; set the threshold to m, through experiments, when A_st(i,j)<m, a satisfactory water body extraction effect can be obtained, and the vector file of the water body range is output, denoted as st.shp.
所述步骤七还包括：设定波段计算增强后的植被影像为A_zb，步骤一中波段合成影像ASTER_STACK的第2波段记为A_S2，ASTER_STACK的第8波段记为A_S8，则The step 7 further includes: setting the vegetation image after wave band calculation and enhancement as A_zb, in step 1, the second band of the band composite image ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 2 , and the eighth band of ASTER_STACK is denoted as A_S 8 , then
A_zb＝(A_S2-A_S8)/(A_S2+A_S8))。A_zb=(A_S 2 -A_S 8 )/(A_S 2 +A_S 8 )).
所述步骤七还包括：调整并设定波段计算增强后的植被影像A_zb的像元值的阈值，波段计算增强后的植被影像A_zb像元值记为A_zb(i,j)，其中i为经度值，j为维度值；设阈值为p，通过实验，当A_zb(i,j)>p时，可以得到满意的植被提取效果，输出植被范围的矢量文件，记为zb.shp。The step 7 further includes: adjusting and setting a threshold for the pixel value of the vegetation image A_zb enhanced by the band calculation, and the pixel value of the vegetation image A_zb enhanced by the band calculation is denoted as A_zb(i,j), where i is the longitude value, j is the dimension value; set the threshold to p, through experiments, when A_zb(i,j)>p, a satisfactory vegetation extraction effect can be obtained, and the vector file of the vegetation range is output, denoted as zb.shp.
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