CN111060235A - Device and method for detecting static force applied by finger of user and finger shaking - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting static force applied by finger of user and finger shaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN111060235A CN111060235A CN201911421502.0A CN201911421502A CN111060235A CN 111060235 A CN111060235 A CN 111060235A CN 201911421502 A CN201911421502 A CN 201911421502A CN 111060235 A CN111060235 A CN 111060235A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical detection, relates to a piezoresistive sensor, and discloses a device for detecting the static force applied by a user finger and the finger shake, which comprises the piezoresistive sensor and a circuit part; the piezoresistive sensor comprises N-M detection units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, M is more than or equal to 1, and each detection unit of the piezoresistive sensor comprises a first electrode, a piezoresistive film and a second electrode which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the circuit part comprises a multiplexer, an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, an emitter follower, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a microcontroller; the invention also discloses a method for detecting the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shake by using the device. Accurate mechanical information is provided, application experience of a user is facilitated to be improved, and the method and the device are used for detecting the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shaking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical detection, relates to a piezoresistive sensor, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting the static force applied by a finger of a user and the finger shake.
Background
The conventional mobile phone touch screen only can realize touch position detection but cannot realize touch force detection by using a capacitance or resistance detection scheme. Apple company has made some attempts on touch screen mechanical sensing, such as 3D touch technology, but only can detect force of three degrees, namely light press (called peek by apple company) and heavy press (called pop by apple company), and a more detailed mechanical detection and force classification scheme is lacking. In medicine, diseases such as hyperthyroidism, tremor and parkinson cause involuntary hand shaking under a static condition, and the shaking intensity is closely related to the stage of the disease condition, so that the device capable of distinguishing the static force and detecting the hand shaking condition of a patient is designed, and is very important for diagnosis and evaluation of the parkinson disease.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for detecting the static force applied by a finger of a user and the finger shaking, which can distinguish the static force and detect the hand shaking condition of a patient;
the invention also aims to provide a method for detecting the magnitude of the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shake, which is realized by adopting the device for detecting the magnitude of the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shake.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for detecting the static force applied by the finger of a user and the finger shake comprises a piezoresistive sensor and a circuit part;
pressure resistance sensor
The piezoresistive sensor comprises N-M detection units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, M is more than or equal to 1, N, M is an integer, and each detection unit of the piezoresistive sensor comprises a first electrode, a piezoresistive film and a second electrode which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
two) circuit part
The circuit part comprises a multiplexer, an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, an emitter follower, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a microcontroller;
the multiplexer is provided with N × M input ends, and the output ends of the first electrodes of the N × M detection units are respectively connected with the N × M input ends of the multiplexer in sequence; the output end of the multiplexer is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and the output end of the second electrode of each detection unit is connected with the positive input end of the negative feedback circuit; the output end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit through the emitter follower; the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller;
and a control pin of the microcontroller is connected with a switch control pin of the multiplexer, and a DAC pin of the microcontroller is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit.
The method for detecting the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shake is realized by adopting the device for detecting the static force applied by the finger of the user and the finger shake, and the method is carried out according to the following steps,
secondly, a control pin of the microcontroller sends a command to the multiplexer through a switch control pin of the multiplexer, the multiplexer is controlled to detect only one detection unit at a time, all the detection units are detected sequentially within a time tau, and all the detection units are repeatedly detected for P times within the time tau, wherein P is more than or equal to 2;
thirdly, after the piezoresistive film of each detection unit is stressed by force during touch, due to piezoresistive effect, the resistance of the piezoresistive film changes, the changed resistance of each detection unit is input into the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit through the multiplexer, and the changed resistance of each detection unit is converted into operational amplifier output voltage by using the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit;
fourthly, the operational amplifier output voltage of each detection unit passes through an emitter follower to obtain the output voltage of each detection unit with low output impedance after passing through an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and then the output voltage is input into an analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion and then is transmitted to a microcontroller;
fifthly, the microcontroller converts the obtained voltage data of each detection unit in continuous time tau into a resistor of the piezoresistive film, performs data caching to obtain a resistor time sequence string, and uploads the resistor time sequence string to a data processing center;
and sixthly, the data processing center receives the resistance time sequence string uploaded by the microcontroller, reconstructs the resistance time sequence string into a pressure time sequence string through the existing pressure-resistance calibration curve, respectively maps the pressure time sequence string to each detection unit according to the mapping relation of time-detection unit-resistance to obtain a pressure-position time sequence string, analyzes the time sequence of each detection unit, evaluates the change condition of the pressure of each detection unit along with time, and is effective touch when the pressure exceeds a specified threshold value, and gives the magnitude of equivalent static pressure, the amplitude of finger shaking and the touch position of the finger during the touch.
As a limitation, the magnitude of the equivalent static pressure is the average value of the pressures of the current moment and the previous L detection times of each detection unit, and L is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1;
the amplitude of the finger shake is the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure of the current moment and the previous L detection times of each detection unit.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) compared with the apple 3D touch technology, the method provides accurate mechanical information, is beneficial to improving the application experience of a user, and provides a new idea for the evaluation of diseases such as hyperthyroidism, tremor and Parkinson in medicine;
(2) the invention has simple and smart structure, reduces the cost by using the multiplexing technology, occupies less control lines and is convenient to be combined with the existing touch screen control chip.
(3) The algorithm is simple and clear, excessive calculation is not needed, the time complexity of the algorithm is reduced, and the requirement on hardware is lowered.
(4) The invention realizes the detection of the static force and the hand shaking of the patient by detecting the detection unit of the piezoresistive sensor, has simple steps, is easy to realize, and has very good transportability and application prospect.
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical detection, and is used for detecting the static force applied by a finger of a user and the finger shake.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a piezoresistive sensor detection structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the connection between the negative feedback circuit and the emitter follower of the operational amplifier of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an analog-to-digital conversion circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a data processing center according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a pressure-resistance calibration curve of example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic pressure diagram of a detection unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1 a device for detecting static force applied by a user's finger and finger shake
The embodiment comprises a piezoresistive sensor and a circuit part;
pressure resistance sensor
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the piezoresistive sensor includes 4 × 4 detection units, each detection unit of the piezoresistive sensor includes a first electrode, a piezoresistive film and a second electrode, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
two) circuit part
The circuit part comprises a multiplexer, an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, an emitter follower, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a microcontroller;
the multiplexer is provided with 16 input ends, and the output ends of the first electrodes of the 16 detection units are respectively connected with the 16 input ends of the multiplexer in sequence; the output end of the multiplexer is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and the output end of the second electrode of each detection unit is connected with the positive input end of the negative feedback circuit; the output end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit through the emitter follower; the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller;
a control pin of the microcontroller is connected with a switch control pin of the multiplexer, a DAC pin of the microcontroller is connected with a positive input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, wherein the microcontroller adopts an STM32F103 chip, as shown in fig. 3, wherein U1 is the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and U2 is the emitter follower.
Embodiment 2 a method for detecting static force applied by a user's finger and finger shake
This example was implemented using example 1, and was carried out in the following order of steps:
numbering all detection units from left to right and from top to bottom in sequence to be 1-16;
secondly, a control pin of the microcontroller sends a command to the multiplexer through a switch control pin of the multiplexer, the multiplexer is controlled to detect only one detection unit at a time, the sequential detection of all the detection units is completed within 0.1s, and then all the detection units are repeatedly and continuously detected within 0.1 s;
thirdly, after the piezoresistive film of each detection unit is stressed by force during touch, due to piezoresistive effect, the resistance of the piezoresistive film changes, the changed resistance of each detection unit is input into the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit through the multiplexer, and the changed resistance of each detection unit is converted into operational amplifier output voltage by using the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit;
fourthly, the operational amplifier output voltage of each detection unit passes through an emitter follower to obtain the output voltage of each detection unit with low output impedance after passing through an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and then the output voltage is input into an analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion and then is transmitted to a microcontroller, as shown in fig. 5;
as shown in fig. 4, a circuit diagram of the negative feedback circuit U1 and the emitter follower U2 of the operational amplifier is shown, and R in fig. 4 is assumedfFor detecting the resistance, R, of the piezoresistive membrane of the cell 11The DAC signal input to the positive input end of the negative feedback circuit of the operational amplifier is V for the high-precision resistorDACWhen R isfWhen the voltage changes, the resistance of the piezoresistive film of the detection unit 1 passes through the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit to obtain the operational amplifier output voltage VF1A corresponding change occurs, which is related as follows:
in the fourth step, in order to reduce the output impedance after passing through the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit and ensure the high precision of the measurement of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, an emitter follower is added after the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit. The output end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit is connected with the positive input end of the emitter follower, and the output end of the emitter follower is connected with the negative input end, so that the input impedance of the analog-to-digital converter is reduced, and the force measurement accuracy is improved. Thus the voltage V output via the emitter followerF2Comprises the following steps: vF2=VF1Since the output impedance approaches 0, the ADC can obtain accurate VF1A value;
fifthly, the microcontroller converts the obtained voltage data of each detection unit in continuous time tau into a resistor of the piezoresistive film, performs data caching to obtain a resistor time sequence string, and uploads the resistor time sequence string to a data processing center;
it is assumed that the microcontroller converts the voltage data of the detection unit 1 into the resistance of the piezoresistive membrane, wherein the microcontroller converts the voltage data into the resistance of the piezoresistive membrane by:
and sixthly, the data processing center receives the resistance time sequence string uploaded by the microcontroller, reconstructs the resistance time sequence string into a pressure time sequence string through the existing pressure-resistance calibration curve, respectively maps the pressure time sequence string to each detection unit according to the mapping relation between the time-detection unit and the resistance to obtain a pressure-position time sequence string, analyzes the time sequence of each detection unit, evaluates the change condition of the pressure of each detection unit along with time, is effective touch when the pressure exceeds a specified threshold value, and gives the magnitude of equivalent static pressure during the touch, the amplitude of finger shaking and the touch position of the finger, as shown in fig. 6.
In the present embodiment, the detection unit 1 is taken as an example, and as shown in fig. 8, the pressure detected by the detection unit 1 in the present embodiment within the duration (67.3 s) is shown schematically, the pressure of the detection unit 1 at different times is shown as F (1, t), the threshold is set to be 1N, and when the pressure is detected to exceed 1N, the touch is considered to be a valid touch.
In the present embodiment, when the equivalent static pressure of the detection unit 1 at the time t is calculated, an average value of the number of detections of 50 times is calculated, that is, L = 49; the equivalent static pressure, i.e. the average of the calculated pressures of the current time and the previous 49 test times, thus yields:
the amplitude of the jitter is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the pressure at this time and the pressure at 49 detection times before, and is obtained by the following equation:
Claims (3)
1. a device for detecting the static force applied by a finger of a user and the finger shake magnitude is characterized in that: it includes piezoresistive transducer, circuit part;
pressure resistance sensor
The piezoresistive sensor comprises N-M detection units, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, M is more than or equal to 1, N, M is an integer, and each detection unit of the piezoresistive sensor comprises a first electrode, a piezoresistive film and a second electrode which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
two) circuit part
The circuit part comprises a multiplexer, an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, an emitter follower, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a microcontroller;
the multiplexer is provided with N × M input ends, and the output ends of the first electrodes of the N × M detection units are respectively connected with the N × M input ends of the multiplexer in sequence; the output end of the multiplexer is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and the output end of the second electrode of each detection unit is connected with the positive input end of the negative feedback circuit; the output end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit through the emitter follower; the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller;
and a control pin of the microcontroller is connected with a switch control pin of the multiplexer, and a DAC pin of the microcontroller is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit.
2. A method for detecting the magnitude of static force applied by a finger of a user and finger shake, which is implemented by using the apparatus for detecting the magnitude of static force applied by the finger of the user and finger shake according to claim 1, wherein: the method is carried out according to the following steps:
numbering the detection units from left to right and from top to bottom in sequence as 1-N M;
secondly, a control pin of the microcontroller sends a command to the multiplexer through a switch control pin of the multiplexer, the multiplexer is controlled to detect only one detection unit at a time, all the detection units are detected sequentially within a time tau, and all the detection units are repeatedly detected for P times within the time tau, wherein P is more than or equal to 2;
thirdly, after the piezoresistive film of each detection unit is stressed by force during touch, due to piezoresistive effect, the resistance of the piezoresistive film changes, the changed resistance of each detection unit is input into the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit through the multiplexer, and the changed resistance of each detection unit is converted into operational amplifier output voltage by using the operational amplifier negative feedback circuit;
fourthly, the operational amplifier output voltage of each detection unit passes through an emitter follower to obtain the output voltage of each detection unit with low output impedance after passing through an operational amplifier negative feedback circuit, and then the output voltage is input into an analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion and then is transmitted to a microcontroller;
fifthly, the microcontroller converts the obtained voltage data of each detection unit in continuous time tau into a resistor of the piezoresistive film, performs data caching to obtain a resistor time sequence string, and uploads the resistor time sequence string to a data processing center;
and sixthly, the data processing center receives the resistance time sequence string uploaded by the microcontroller, reconstructs the resistance time sequence string into a pressure time sequence string through the existing pressure-resistance calibration curve, respectively maps the pressure time sequence string to each detection unit according to the mapping relation of time-detection unit-resistance to obtain a pressure-position time sequence string, analyzes the time sequence of each detection unit, evaluates the change condition of the pressure of each detection unit along with time, and is effective touch when the pressure exceeds a specified threshold value, and gives the magnitude of equivalent static pressure, the amplitude of finger shaking and the touch position of the finger during the touch.
3. A method for detecting the magnitude of static force applied by a user's finger and finger jitter according to claim 2, wherein: the equivalent static pressure is the average value of the pressure of the current moment and the previous L detection times of each detection unit, and L is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1;
the amplitude of the finger shake is the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure of the current moment and the previous L detection times of each detection unit.
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