CN111060226A - Self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and control method - Google Patents
Self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111060226A CN111060226A CN201911367036.2A CN201911367036A CN111060226A CN 111060226 A CN111060226 A CN 111060226A CN 201911367036 A CN201911367036 A CN 201911367036A CN 111060226 A CN111060226 A CN 111060226A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/10—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of frequency of stressed vibrating elements, e.g. of stressed strings
- G01L1/106—Constructional details
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and a control method, which relate to the technical field of vibrating wire sensors and comprise the following steps: the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, the power supply voltage sampling circuit and the master control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the master control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the power supply voltage sampling circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor; the power supply voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor. The system and the control method provided by the invention can realize real-time monitoring of the driving voltage and the power supply voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibrating wire sensors, in particular to a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and a control method.
Background
The vibrating wire sensor is a non-electric quantity electric measuring sensor and has the advantages of simple structure, strong anti-interference capability, high measuring precision and high long-term working stability. The vibrating wire sensor outputs frequency signals, is not easy to be interfered by the outside, can realize remote transmission, and is widely applied to occasions needing force measurement in geotechnical engineering.
A magnet is fixed on a steel wire of the vibrating wire sensor, the polarity of the magnet is opposite to that of a magnetic field generated by the vibration pickup coil after the vibration pickup coil is electrified, when the steel wire needs to vibrate, high voltage generated by the microcontroller is instantly applied to the vibration pickup coil, and then the voltage is removed, so that the steel wire can generate resonance under the action of the instant external force. After resonance occurs, the steel string can drive the magnet fixed on the steel string to vibrate, the resonance magnetic field can generate induced electromotive force in the vibration pickup coil, and the frequency of the induced electromotive force is the resonance frequency of the vibrating string.
In order to ensure that the steel string generates reliable resonance, the magnitude and duration of the external force applied to the steel string are very critical. If the force is too small, the vibrating wire cannot vibrate, if the force is too large, the service life of the vibrating wire is shortened, and even more, the steel wire can be directly broken.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and a control method, so as to realize real-time monitoring of driving voltage and power supply voltage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuitry, comprising: the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, the power supply voltage sampling circuit and the master control microprocessor;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor, and the control signal pin of the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the on and off of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, and the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the power supply voltage sampling circuit, and the power supply voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor;
the power supply voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor.
Optionally, the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system further includes a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit and a vibrating wire sensor;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit.
Optionally, the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit includes a first triode and a second triode;
the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the collector of the first triode is connected with the vibrating wire sensor; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode; the emitter of the second triode is grounded; and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor.
Optionally, the excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor further includes an embedded system power switch circuit;
the voltage output end of the embedded system power switch circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and the embedded system power switch circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
the input control end of the embedded system power supply switch circuit is also connected with the master control microprocessor; the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the start and the stop of the power supply switch circuit of the embedded system.
Optionally, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit includes a photoelectric coupling chip and a third triode;
the pulse width modulation signal input end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with the pulse width modulation signal pin of the master control microprocessor; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip forms a power supply voltage end through a pull-up resistor; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with the base electrode of the third triode; the collector of the third triode is connected with the power supply voltage end through an energy storage element; the transmitter of the third triode is grounded; and the collector electrode of the third triode is also connected with the capacitor and forms a driving voltage end.
Optionally, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit includes a resistance module and a ground resistor;
one end of the resistance module is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the resistor module is connected with one end of the grounding resistor; the other end of the grounding resistor is grounded; the other end of the resistance module is also connected with the main control microprocessor;
the resistance module is a plurality of resistors connected in series.
Optionally, the supply voltage sampling circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor; the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor is also connected with the main control microprocessor.
Optionally, the master microprocessor is a 32-bit processor based on a Cotex-M3 kernel, and the specific model is STM32F103C 6.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides the following scheme:
a control method for an excitation voltage generation circuit of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a power supply voltage of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
judging whether the power supply voltage is smaller than a set value or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result shows that the power supply voltage is smaller than the set value, sending a power switch circuit closing instruction of the embedded system to the power switch circuit of the embedded system so as to close the power switch circuit of the embedded system;
if the first judgment result shows that the power supply voltage is larger than or equal to a set value, sending a starting instruction of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to start the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit and timing;
judging whether the timing time is less than a set time value or not to obtain a second judgment result;
if the second judgment result shows that the timing time is less than the set time value, acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is less than the first set voltage value or not to obtain a third judgment result;
if the third judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than the first set voltage value, returning to send a starting instruction of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to start the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit and timing;
if the third judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is greater than or equal to the first set voltage value, sending a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit closing instruction to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to control the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to stop boosting, and sending a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit monitoring driving voltage instruction to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit;
if the second judgment result shows that the timing time is greater than or equal to the set time, judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than a second set voltage value or not to obtain a fourth judgment result;
and if the fourth judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit is smaller than a second set voltage value, confirming that the driving voltage is wrong, and sending a closing instruction of the embedded system power switch circuit to the embedded system power switch circuit so as to close the embedded system power switch circuit.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and the control method, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit and the power supply voltage sampling circuit are arranged, and the driving voltage and the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit are monitored in real time, so that the driving voltage does not exceed a specified voltage range, the vibrating wire, namely the steel wire of the vibrating wire sensor, is effectively protected, and the service life of the steel wire is prolonged.
The invention also controls the output voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit by arranging the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the vibrating wire sensor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an excitation voltage generation circuit system of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a supply voltage sampling circuit of the excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-tuning vibrating wire sensor according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a main control microprocessor of the excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a power switch circuit of an embedded system of an excitation voltage generation circuit system of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a switch control circuit of a vibrating wire sensor of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an excitation voltage generation circuit of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
a 2-supply voltage terminal; c-high speed photoelectric coupling chip; f, winding an inductor; g-a third triode; j-an aluminum electrolytic capacitor; k 1-current limiting resistor; k 3-first triode; k 5-second triode; n 1-ground resistance; p 3-zener diode; e-a pull-up resistor; p 1-first resistance; p 2-second resistance; p 4-third filter capacitance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system and a control method, so as to realize real-time monitoring of driving voltage and power supply voltage.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides an implementation method of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit with a self-regulation function based on the coordinated work of an embedded processor and a hardware control circuit.
The invention introduces feedback to the high voltage for driving the vibrating wire to generate resonance, so that the voltage does not exceed the specified voltage range, the vibrating wire can be effectively protected, and the service life of the vibrating wire is prolonged.
The process of measuring the force by the vibrating wire sensor is as follows: (1) starting a booster circuit to boost the power supply voltage to a voltage value required by the work of the vibrating wire sensor; (2) applying the voltage to the vibration pick-up coil instantaneously to excite the vibrating wire to generate resonance and generate induced electromotive force in the vibration pick-up coil; (3) amplifying the signal through an external band-pass filter and an amplifying circuit, comparing and finally processing the signal into square waves which can be processed by a microprocessor, wherein the frequency of the square waves is the resonance frequency of the vibrating wire; (4) and measuring the square wave frequency by using a microprocessor, and calculating the external force applied to the steel wire according to the characteristic parameters of the vibrating wire sensor. The whole process lasts for about 3 seconds through actual tests. The pressure increase process was 2 seconds, and the measurement process was 1 second. Therefore, it is required to raise the voltage to a predetermined voltage value within a predetermined time.
The invention relates to a voltage sampling circuit, which is a handheld device generally, adopts a battery to supply power when working in the field, uses the battery energy to the maximum extent and is also an important consideration; and secondly, when the voltage is low enough to ensure that the system can not work normally, the system is automatically forced to shut down so as to avoid the occurrence of wrong measurement data.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system, including: the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, the power supply voltage sampling circuit and the main control microprocessor.
The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor, and the control signal pin of the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the on and off of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, and the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is further connected with a power supply voltage sampling circuit, and the power supply voltage sampling circuit is used for obtaining the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit. Wherein, the pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor is the pin 27 in fig. 5; the control signal pin of the master microprocessor is pin 28 in fig. 5.
The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor.
The power supply voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor.
To be more practical, the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system further comprises a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit and a vibrating wire sensor shown in fig. 7.
The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor through a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit. The control signal pin of the master microprocessor is pin 28 in fig. 5.
As an alternative embodiment, the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit includes a first transistor k3 and a second transistor k 5.
The emitter of the first triode k3 is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the collector of the first triode k3 is connected with the vibrating wire sensor, namely the collector of the first triode k3 is connected with the ZXT interface of the vibrating wire sensor; the base electrode of the first triode k3 is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode k 5; the emitter of the second triode k5 is grounded; the base of the second triode k5 is connected with the control signal pin of the master control microprocessor. In addition, the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit also comprises a protection circuit. The collector of the first transistor k3 is also connected to ground through a diode.
In order to be more suitable for practical application, the excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor also comprises an embedded system power switch circuit.
The voltage output end of the embedded system power switch circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and the embedded system power switch circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit. The power supply output end of the embedded system power supply switch circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, that is, the power supply end VDD33 of the embedded system power supply switch circuit in fig. 6 is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit.
The input control end of the embedded system power supply switch circuit is also connected with the main control microprocessor; the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the start and the stop of the power supply switch circuit of the embedded system. The input control end of the embedded system POWER switch circuit comprises a POWER ON/OFF control signal input end, a KEY ON/OFF end and a PORER DET end. The switch control signal input terminal, i.e., POWER terminal, is connected to a pin 42 of the main control microprocessor, the KEY ON/OFF terminal is connected to a pin 43 of the main control microprocessor, and the PORER DET terminal is connected to a pin 41 of the main control microprocessor.
As an alternative embodiment, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit includes a photoelectric coupling chip and a third transistor g. Wherein, the third triode g is an NPN type triode. The photoelectric coupling chip is a high-speed photoelectric coupling chip c.
The pulse width modulation signal input end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the master control microprocessor; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip forms a power supply voltage end a2 through a pull-up resistor e; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with the base electrode of the third triode g; the collector of the third triode g is connected with a power supply voltage end a2 through an energy storage element; in this embodiment, the energy storage element is a 2mH/200mA wound inductor f. The transmitter of the third triode g is grounded; the collector of the third triode g is also connected with the capacitor and forms a driving voltage terminal. And a third triode g protection circuit is also arranged. The third triode g protection circuit specifically comprises a diode with a high reverse breakdown voltage and a low conduction voltage drop.
In addition, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor, one end of the first filter capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with the power supply voltage end a 2. The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also provided with an aluminum electrolytic capacitor j; the aluminum electrolytic capacitor j has high voltage withstanding value, high insulation resistance and low leakage loss; one end of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor j is grounded, and the other end of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor j is connected with one end of the driving voltage end. The first filter capacitor comprises a first capacitor d1 and a second capacitor d2 which are connected in parallel.
As an alternative embodiment, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit comprises a resistance module and a grounding resistance n 1.
One end of the resistance module is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the resistance module is connected with one end of a grounding resistor n 1; the other end of the grounding resistor n1 is grounded; the other end of the resistance module is also connected with the main control microprocessor; the other end of the resistance module is particularly connected with an ADC0 channel of the A/D converter of the master control microprocessor, and the drive voltage of the vibrating wire sensor is monitored by using an ADC 0. Namely, the other end of the resistance module is specifically connected with a pin 10 of the main control microprocessor.
The resistance module is a plurality of resistors connected in series.
As an alternative embodiment, the supply voltage sampling circuit includes a first resistor p1 and a second resistor p 2.
One end of the first resistor p1 is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the first resistor p1 is connected with one end of the second resistor p 2; the other end of the second resistor p2 is grounded; the other end of the first resistor p1 is also connected with the master microprocessor. Specifically, the other end of the first resistor p1 is also connected to pin 12 of the main control microprocessor.
In addition, the power supply voltage sampling circuit is also provided with a second filter capacitor, one end of the second filter capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected with one end of the first resistor p 1. The power supply voltage sampling circuit is also provided with a voltage stabilizing diode p3, and the voltage stabilizing diode p3 is connected with the second resistor p2 in parallel; the power supply voltage sampling circuit is also provided with a third filter capacitor p4, and the third filter capacitor p4 is connected with the zener diode p3 in parallel. Wherein the second filter capacitor comprises a third capacitor O1 and an electrolytic capacitor O2. Specifically, the third capacitor is a ceramic chip capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.1 uF; the electrolytic capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor with a capacitance value of 10 uF.
Preferably, the master microprocessor is a 32-bit processor based on the Cotex-M3 kernel, the specific model being STM32F103C 6.
The other end of the driving voltage end of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also provided with a current limiting resistor k 1; the current limiting resistor k1 is used to prevent the vibrating wire sensor, including the vibrating wire sensor, from being damaged by high voltage in case of breakdown of the emitter and collector of the first transistor k 3.
The device provided by the invention can dynamically adjust the output voltage (ZXT) of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit in a given time by adopting a method of combining software and hardware according to the change of the external power supply voltage on the premise of ensuring the stable work of the vibrating wire sensor. The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit can increase the power supply voltage of 4V-6V to the high voltage (ZXT) of 100V-150V so as to meet the requirement of normal operation of the vibrating wire sensor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is used for monitoring an output voltage value in real time, and a measuring program of the vibrating wire sensor can be started only when the voltage reaches the voltage (100-150V) required by the normal work of the vibrating wire sensor; the supply voltage sampling circuit has two main functions: firstly, the output voltage value of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is dynamically adjusted according to the voltage, and secondly, when the output voltage is lower than a specified value, the system is automatically shut down, so that the low-voltage protection function of the system is realized; the main control microprocessor mainly has the following 4 functions: firstly, generating a PWM signal required by the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, secondly, detecting the output voltage value of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit in real time, namely the value of ZXT, thirdly, detecting the power supply voltage value in real time, namely the value of +6VCT, fourthly, controlling the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit according to the real-time detected value of ZXT and the value of +6VCT by adopting an adaptive algorithm, and generating the voltage (100V-150V) required by the normal work of the vibrating wire sensor within the specified time (such as 2S). The system provided by the invention is stable, reliable and energy-saving, and has very good economical efficiency and practicability.
The power supply a1 of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit in figure 2 and the power supply of the main microprocessor in figure 5 are the same power supply, b is the PWM signal generated by the micro-control in the main microprocessor, the first capacitor d1 and the second capacitor d2 are the filter capacitors of the power supply of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, e is the pull-up resistor of the output end VO of the high-speed photoelectric coupling chip c, f is the 2mH/200mA winding inductor, which is an energy storage element, g is an NPN type triode, the base of which is directly connected with the output end of the high-speed photoelectric coupling chip c, h is a first diode which has higher reverse breakdown voltage and lower conduction voltage drop, i is a second diode which has higher reverse breakdown voltage as the first diode h, and plays the role of protecting the third triode g, j is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor which has high withstand voltage value, The vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit comprises an electrolytic capacitor with high insulation resistance and low leakage loss, wherein k1 is a current-limiting resistor and is used for protecting the sensor from being damaged by high voltage ZXT under the condition that an emitter and a collector of a first triode k3 are broken down, a first chip resistor k2, a first triode k3, a second chip resistor k4, a second triode k5, a third chip resistor k6 and a k7 form the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit together, k7 is a control signal end, a control signal end k7 is used for transmitting a control signal VP _ OUT output by the microcontroller in the figure 5, the vibrating wire sensor can be powered up to work only when the VP _ OUT is at a high level, and l is a diode which has the characteristics of high reverse breakdown voltage and low conduction voltage drop and forms the protection circuit of the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit. The first chip resistor k2, the second chip resistor k4 and the third chip resistor k6 are 0805 packaged chip resistors.
As shown in fig. 3, the ground resistor n1, the first chip high-precision resistor n3 and the second chip high-precision resistor n4 are chip high-precision resistors, one end of the first chip high-precision resistor n3 and one end of the second chip high-precision resistor n4 are directly connected to the ground resistor n1 after being connected in series, the other end of the ground resistor n1 is directly connected to the ground, the ground resistor n1, the first chip high-precision resistor n3 and the second chip high-precision resistor n4 jointly form a series voltage dividing circuit, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage is divided to meet the requirement of the input voltage of the a/D converter of the master control microprocessor, the n2 is the output voltage of the divided voltage of +150V, and is directly connected to the ADC0 channel of the a/D converter of the master control microprocessor, and the ADC0 is used for monitoring the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage. One end of the first patch high-precision resistor n3 is directly connected with the grounding resistor n1 after being connected in series with the second patch high-precision resistor n4, and the upper end resistor of the voltage division circuit is equivalent to a resistor after the grounding resistor n1 is connected in series with the first patch high-precision resistor n3 instead of a single resistor equivalent to the sum of the grounding resistor n1 and the first patch high-precision resistor n 3. If only one resistor is used, once the resistor has short-circuit fault, the high voltage of +150V is directly input into the ADC0 input channel of the A/D converter of the master microprocessor, and the master microprocessor chip is damaged, thereby causing serious consequences. This is largely avoided by using the vibrating wire sensor to drive the voltage sampling circuit, since both n1 and n3 have half the probability of short circuit failure than a single resistor.
In the power supply voltage sampling circuit shown in fig. 4, a first resistor p1 and a second resistor p2 form a voltage dividing circuit of a power supply voltage terminal a2, a third capacitor O1 and an electrolytic capacitor O2 are filter capacitors of the power supply voltage terminal a2, p3 is a zener diode, in the case of short circuit of the first resistor p1, the voltage input to the ADC2 is protected from exceeding the input range of the ADC2, so as to avoid damage to the a/D converter of the main control microprocessor in fig. 5, the third filter capacitor p4 is an ADC2 input voltage filter capacitor, which plays a role in stabilizing the input voltage and reducing interference, and the p5 is the output of the power supply voltage sampling circuit and is directly connected to the input channel of the ADC2 of the a/D converter in the main control microprocessor in fig. 5, so as to monitor the change of the power supply voltage.
The main control microprocessor y shown in fig. 5 is a 32-bit processor based on a Cotex-M3 core, and is specifically of a model STM32F103C6, a pulse width modulation signal pin b in fig. 2 is directly connected with a PB14 for generating a PWM signal required for boosting, a control signal terminal k7 in fig. 2 is directly connected with a PB15 for controlling whether the vibrating wire sensor is powered on and works, a common terminal n2 in fig. 3 is directly connected with a PA0 for monitoring a driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor, an output p5 of a supply voltage sampling circuit in fig. 4 is directly connected with the PA2 for monitoring a change of the supply voltage, and the main control microprocessor adopts an adaptive algorithm according to a change of an output p5 of the supply voltage sampling circuit to generate a driving voltage meeting stable work of the vibrating wire sensor within a specified time.
The sampling circuit is specially designed for the output voltage of the power supply voltage end a2 and the +150V end, feedback is introduced, closed-loop control is formed, and the high-performance microprocessor shown in figure 5 is added, so that an advanced adaptive control algorithm is applied, and the stability and reliability of the system provided by the invention are further improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides the following scheme:
as shown in fig. 8, the present invention provides a method for controlling an excitation voltage generation circuit of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor, which specifically includes:
step 101: and acquiring the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit.
Step 102: judging whether the power supply voltage is smaller than a set value or not to obtain a first judgment result; if the first determination result indicates that the power supply voltage is less than the set value, execute step 103; if the first determination result indicates that the power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the set value, step 104 is executed.
Step 103: and sending a closing instruction of the embedded system power switch circuit to close the embedded system power switch circuit.
Step 104: and sending a starting command of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to start the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit and time.
Step 105: judging whether the timing time is less than a set time value or not to obtain a second judgment result; if the second determination result indicates that the timing time is less than the set time value, go to step 106; if the second determination result indicates that the counted time is greater than or equal to the set time, step 109 is executed.
Step 106: the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is acquired and step 107 is performed.
Step 107: judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than a first set voltage value or not to obtain a third judgment result; if the third judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than the first set voltage value, returning to the step 104; if the third determination result indicates that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is greater than or equal to the first set voltage value, step 108 is executed.
Step 108: and sending a closing instruction of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to control the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to stop boosting, and sending a driving voltage monitoring instruction of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit.
Step 109: judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than a second set voltage value or not to obtain a fourth judgment result; if the fourth determination result indicates that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is less than the second set voltage value, step 110 is executed. If the fourth determination result indicates that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is greater than or equal to the second set voltage value, step 111 is executed.
Step 110: and confirming the error of the driving voltage, and sending a closing instruction of the embedded system power switch circuit to the embedded system power switch circuit so as to close the embedded system power switch circuit.
Step 111: and sending a measurement starting instruction to the measurement system.
The system to which the control method provided by the invention is applicable comprises:
the device comprises a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, a power supply voltage sampling circuit, a main control microprocessor, a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit, an embedded system power switch circuit and a vibrating wire sensor.
The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, and the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is further connected with a power supply voltage sampling circuit, and the power supply voltage sampling circuit is used for obtaining the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit.
The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor.
The power supply voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor. The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor through a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit.
The voltage output end of the embedded system power switch circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and the embedded system power switch circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the input control end of the embedded system power supply switch circuit is also connected with the main control microprocessor; the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the start and the stop of the power supply switch circuit of the embedded system.
In addition, the measuring system comprises a single chip microcomputer and a timer, the measuring system is connected with the vibrating wire sensor, and the measuring system is used for measuring the resonant frequency of the vibrating wire sensor.
The invention provides a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system. The high-voltage wire sensor is based on the coordination work of a high-performance 32-bit embedded processor and a hardware control circuit, and can generate voltage (100V-150V) meeting the reliable excitation of the vibrating wire sensor within a specified time (such as 2S) according to the change of power supply voltage. The feedback circuit is creatively designed for the output voltage and the power supply voltage, so that the two voltages can be monitored in real time, the output voltage can be automatically regulated along with the change of the power supply voltage under the action of the self-adaptive algorithm, and the defects of unreliable excitation and inaccurate measurement of the vibrating wire sensor caused by overhigh or overlow output voltage under the condition of not introducing feedback are overcome.
The simple working flow of the control method of the excitation voltage generation circuit of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor is as follows:
(1) if the system is currently in the power-off state, the system is powered on after the switch button S1 in fig. 5 is pressed. After the system is started, a high level is output through the PB6(POWER) of the embedded processor in fig. 5, so that the system can still stably supply POWER after the switch S1 is released; when the system is in a running state, after the switch S1 is pressed, the embedded processor enters an external interrupt service program, the embedded processor controls PB6(POWER) to output low level in the interrupt service program, and the POWER supply of the system is turned off to realize the shutdown function; when the POWER supply voltage is lower than the set value, the PB6(POWER) is controlled to output low level, and the automatic shutdown function of insufficient POWER supply is realized.
(2) In the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit shown in fig. 2, a PWM signal generated by a main control microprocessor is isolated by a high-speed photoelectric coupling chip to control the on and off of an NPN-type triode, and further control the charging and discharging of a 2mH/200mA winding inductor, which is an energy storage element, and a very high induced voltage is generated on the inductor at the moment of power failure according to the fact that the current on the inductor cannot suddenly change. This high voltage charges the aluminum electrolytic capacitor j through the first diode h, and generates a voltage that satisfies the reliable excitation of the vibrating wire sensor under the control of the main control microprocessor in fig. 5.
(3) In the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit shown in fig. 3, a voltage division circuit consisting of three high-precision resistors of n1, n3 and n4 divides the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage of about 150V into a voltage which can be accepted by an A/D converter of a main control microprocessor and is used for monitoring the voltage.
(4) In the power supply voltage sampling circuit shown in fig. 4, the first resistor p1 and the second resistor p2 form a voltage dividing circuit of the power supply voltage terminal a2, and the divided output p5 of the power supply voltage terminal a2 is directly connected to the input channel of the ADC2 of the a/D converter of the main control microprocessor shown in fig. 5, so as to monitor the change of the power supply voltage. Where p5 is the output of the supply voltage sampling circuit.
(5) The invention adopts a mode of combining software and hardware to realize the automatic adjustment of the output voltage of the exciting voltage generating circuit of the vibrating wire sensor, as shown in figure 8, after the system is started, firstly, whether the power supply voltage is lower than a set value is judged, and if the power supply voltage is lower than the set value, the system is automatically and forcibly shut down. If the power supply is normal, the PWM signal is output through the embedded microprocessor, the sensor excitation voltage generating circuit is started, and timing is carried out. When the time reaches 2S, the driving voltage value of the sensor excitation voltage generating circuit is judged, if the voltage is more than or equal to 100V, the excitation requirement of the vibrating wire sensor is met, and one-time measurement can be started. Otherwise, when the voltage is lower than 100V, the excitation requirement of the vibrating wire sensor can not be met, and the system can be automatically shut down, or the measurement can be stopped and an error can be prompted. When the timing is not 2S and the driving voltage value of the sensor excitation voltage generating circuit reaches 150V, the main control microprocessor stops outputting the PWM signal, stops boosting operation and monitors the driving voltage to enable the driving voltage to always meet the voltage value required by the vibrating wire sensor for normal excitation. One measurement was started until 2S was counted.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the drive voltage can be monitored. As shown in fig. 3, the grounding resistor n1, the first patch high precision resistor n3 and the second patch high precision resistor n4 constitute an excitation voltage sampling circuit of the vibrating wire sensor. After the first high-precision chip resistor n3 and the second high-precision chip resistor n4 are connected in series, except for a common end, one end of the first high-precision chip resistor n3 is directly connected with a grounding resistor n1, one end of the second high-precision chip resistor n4 is directly connected with +150V, the other end of the grounding resistor n1 is directly grounded, and after the excitation voltage of the vibrating wire sensor is divided, the divided voltage is led out from the common end of the series connection of the grounding resistor n1 and the first high-precision chip resistor n3, namely n 2. The common terminal n2 is connected directly to the A/D converter ADC0 channel of the master microprocessor of FIG. 5, and the vibrating wire sensor drive voltage is monitored using ADC 0. The vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit and the A/D converter of the main control microprocessor in the figure 5 form a power supply voltage monitoring system, so that the real-time monitoring of the power supply voltage is realized, and the stability and reliability of the vibrating wire sensor exciting voltage generating circuit are ensured.
2. The supply voltage may be monitored. As shown in fig. 4, the first resistor p1 and the second resistor p2 form a voltage division sampling circuit of the power supply voltage terminal a2, the p3 is a zener diode, when the first resistor p1 is short-circuited, the voltage input to the ADC2 is protected from exceeding the input range of the ADC2, so as to avoid damaging the a/D converter of the main control microprocessor in fig. 5, the third filter capacitor p4 is an input voltage filter capacitor of the ADC2, which plays a role in stabilizing the input voltage and reducing interference, and the p5 is the output of the power supply voltage sampling circuit, and is directly connected to the input channel of the ADC2 of the a/D converter of the main control microprocessor in fig. 5, so as to monitor the change of the power supply voltage.
3. The driving voltage is automatically adjusted. The invention realizes the real-time monitoring of the power supply voltage, so the driving voltage of the exciting voltage generating circuit of the vibrating wire sensor can be automatically adjusted according to the voltage change, thereby ensuring the certain boosting time.
4. And automatically shutting down the machine when the power supply is insufficient. Because the invention realizes the real-time monitoring of the power supply voltage, when the power supply voltage is lower than the set value, the IO port of the main control microprocessor in figure 5 controls the power supply switch circuit to cut off the power supply of the system, thereby realizing the function of automatic shutdown under voltage.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery is connected to a power switch circuit of an embedded system in the prior art (the power switch circuit of the embedded system is disclosed in patent No. ZL 201710030492.2), and the power supply of the system is turned on or off by an on/off button. One path of output voltage of the embedded system power switch circuit is connected to the DC/DC circuit to generate 3.3V direct-current voltage for system work; the other path is connected to a driving voltage sampling circuit, and the output of the driving voltage sampling circuit is connected to an ADC input channel ADC2 of the master control microprocessor and used for monitoring the power supply voltage in real time. The 3.3V direct current voltage generated by the DC/DC circuit is used for providing working power supply for the main control microprocessor and other control circuits. As shown in fig. 8, one path supplies power to the main control microprocessor, and the other path supplies power to the excitation voltage generation circuit of the vibrating wire sensor. Under the action of PWM signals of the main control microprocessor, the voltage is boosted to a voltage (100V-150V) meeting the requirement of reliable excitation of the vibrating wire sensor through the exciting voltage generating circuit of the vibrating wire sensor. One path of the driving voltage of the vibration exciting voltage generating circuit of the vibrating wire sensor is connected to the vibration exciting switch control circuit of the vibrating wire sensor, the vibrating wire sensor is excited under the control of the main control microprocessor, and the other path of the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor is connected to the driving voltage sampling circuit of the vibrating wire sensor. The output of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is directly connected to an ADC input channel ADC0 of the main control microprocessor and used for monitoring whether the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage meets the excitation requirement of the vibrating wire sensor or not in real time. The circuit is tested by a large number of products, and the work is stable and reliable.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system is characterized by comprising: the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, the power supply voltage sampling circuit and the master control microprocessor;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with a pulse width modulation signal pin of the main control microprocessor; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor, and the control signal pin of the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the on and off of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit, and the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with the power supply voltage sampling circuit, and the power supply voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the power supply voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor;
the power supply voltage sampling circuit is connected with the main control microprocessor.
2. The self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit and a vibrating wire sensor;
the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit; the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is also connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor through the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuit.
3. The self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuitry of claim 2, wherein the vibrating wire sensor switch control circuitry comprises a first transistor and a second transistor;
the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the collector of the first triode is connected with the vibrating wire sensor; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode; the emitter of the second triode is grounded; and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with a control signal pin of the main control microprocessor.
4. The self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuit system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an embedded system power switch circuit;
the voltage output end of the embedded system power switch circuit is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and the embedded system power switch circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
the input control end of the embedded system power supply switch circuit is also connected with the master control microprocessor; the main control microprocessor is used for controlling the start and the stop of the power supply switch circuit of the embedded system.
5. The excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit comprises a photoelectric coupling chip and a third triode;
the pulse width modulation signal input end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with the pulse width modulation signal pin of the master control microprocessor; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip forms a power supply voltage end through a pull-up resistor; the output end of the photoelectric coupling chip is connected with the base electrode of the third triode; the collector of the third triode is connected with the power supply voltage end through an energy storage element; the transmitter of the third triode is grounded; and the collector electrode of the third triode is also connected with the capacitor and forms a driving voltage end.
6. The excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating wire sensor drive voltage sampling circuit comprises a resistance module and a ground resistor;
one end of the resistance module is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the resistor module is connected with one end of the grounding resistor; the other end of the grounding resistor is grounded; the other end of the resistance module is also connected with the main control microprocessor;
the resistance module is a plurality of resistors connected in series.
7. The self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor excitation voltage generation circuitry of claim 1, wherein the supply voltage sampling circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor; the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor is also connected with the main control microprocessor.
8. The excitation voltage generation circuit system of the self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the master microprocessor is a 32-bit processor based on a Cotex-M3 kernel, and the specific model is STM32F103C 6.
9. A control method for an excitation voltage generating circuit of a self-adjusting vibrating wire sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a power supply voltage of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit;
judging whether the power supply voltage is smaller than a set value or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result shows that the power supply voltage is smaller than the set value, sending a power switch circuit closing instruction of the embedded system to the power switch circuit of the embedded system so as to close the power switch circuit of the embedded system;
if the first judgment result shows that the power supply voltage is larger than or equal to a set value, sending a starting instruction of a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to start the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit and timing;
judging whether the timing time is less than a set time value or not to obtain a second judgment result;
if the second judgment result shows that the timing time is less than the set time value, acquiring the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit, and judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is less than the first set voltage value or not to obtain a third judgment result;
if the third judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than the first set voltage value, returning to send a starting instruction of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to start the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit and timing;
if the third judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is greater than or equal to the first set voltage value, sending a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit closing instruction to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to control the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit to stop boosting, and sending a vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit monitoring driving voltage instruction to the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage sampling circuit;
if the second judgment result shows that the timing time is greater than or equal to the set time, judging whether the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generating circuit is smaller than a second set voltage value or not to obtain a fourth judgment result;
and if the fourth judgment result shows that the driving voltage of the vibrating wire sensor driving voltage generation circuit is smaller than a second set voltage value, confirming that the driving voltage is wrong, and sending a closing instruction of the embedded system power switch circuit to the embedded system power switch circuit so as to close the embedded system power switch circuit.
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