CN111059518A - Flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler, method and system for producing high-pressure superheated steam - Google Patents
Flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler, method and system for producing high-pressure superheated steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN111059518A CN111059518A CN201911083106.1A CN201911083106A CN111059518A CN 111059518 A CN111059518 A CN 111059518A CN 201911083106 A CN201911083106 A CN 201911083106A CN 111059518 A CN111059518 A CN 111059518A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
- F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D5/00—Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
- F22D5/26—Automatic feed-control systems
- F22D5/34—Applications of valves
Abstract
The flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler, the method and the system for producing high-pressure superheated steam can fully utilize the flue gas waste heat generated by power generation of a gas turbine and the like, and recycle the energy by adopting a direct-current waste heat boiler form, so that the production of high-pressure or ultrahigh-pressure superheated steam (about 7MPa to 17MPa) meeting the requirements of processes such as thick oil development steam injection and the like by using the flue gas waste heat becomes possible. The inlet of the flue gas channel of the hearth is provided with a flue communicated with the flue gas channel, and flue gas in the flue sequentially comprises a afterburning section and a superheating section from the flue gas inlet to the exhaust, and then enters the hearth and the like. The afterburning section is provided with a flue afterburning burner, a gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet flue, the superheating section is provided with a superheated steam pipeline, the superheated steam pipeline exchanges heat with the afterburning flue gas of the flue gas channel of the superheating section through a pipe wall, and an outlet of the waste heat flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the hearth; the outlet of the steam channel of the hearth is communicated to the inlet of the superheated steam channel; the hearth flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a steam injection boiler modified by a waste heat flue gas boiler, in particular to a afterburning type steam injection boiler, a method and a system which adopt a direct-current type waste heat boiler, recycle flue gas waste heat generated by a gas turbine or an internal combustion engine and the like and are mainly used for producing high-pressure or ultrahigh-pressure (7MPa to 17MPa) superheated steam.
Background
The main type of the conventional waste heat steam boiler matched with the gas power generation equipment is a drum type water pipe boiler or a fire pipe type boiler, high-temperature flue gas passes through a hearth to heat media such as water, heat transfer oil and the like, the effect of producing hot water, steam or heating media is achieved, and a superheater is usually arranged at a flue gas inlet. But due to the factors such as structural characteristics, pressure resistance and the like, only 1MPa to 2.5MPa of conventional steam can be produced, and 10MPa grade steam required in the production process of thick oil in an oil field region cannot be produced.
The steam injection boiler, also called as a wet steam generator, is a basic device of oil field industrial enterprises, is a special steam injection device specially used for exploiting high-viscosity thick oil, and injects high-temperature high-pressure steam into an oil well to heat key crude oil in an oil layer, so that the viscosity of the thick oil is reduced, and the recovery ratio of the thick oil is improved. The traditional steam-injection boiler is usually a once-through boiler (horizontal once-through water pipe boiler), the radiation section is in single-path horizontal reciprocating arrangement with multiple straight pipes, the convection section is in single-path or multiple straight pipes reciprocating staggered arrangement, because the once-through boiler has no steam pocket and adopts a steam pipe with smaller diameter, the water storage capacity of the boiler is smaller, and the boiler is not limited by pressure, so the boiler can be suitable for any pressure, especially ultrahigh pressure.
The traditional steam injection boiler provides heat required by water vaporization through combustion of fossil fuel (such as coal, natural gas and the like), is a mode for directly converting chemical energy of the fossil fuel into heat energy for utilization, and has low energy utilization efficiency due to incomplete combustion of the fuel of the steam injection boiler. In addition, the output heat is not fully used for generating steam, so that the heat output by the steam injection boiler comprises two parts of effective utilization of heat and heat loss, and the heat efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler, a method and a system for producing high-pressure superheated steam, aiming at the problem that flue gas waste heat of a gas turbine, a gas internal combustion engine and the like is difficult to produce high-pressure steam, and a direct current form is applied to the waste heat boiler.
The first aspect of the present application provides a flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam, preferably, a flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for recycling high-temperature flue gas and producing high-pressure superheated steam.
Wherein, the flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler of production high-pressure superheated steam includes furnace, wherein:
the hearth comprises a flue gas channel and a steam channel, both ends of the flue gas channel are communicated with the outside of the hearth, and the flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls; the inlet of a flue gas channel of the hearth is provided with a flue communicated with the flue gas channel, and flue gas in the flue sequentially comprises a afterburning section and a superheating section from the flue gas inlet to the exhaust, wherein the afterburning section is provided with a flue afterburning device, a fuel gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet flue communicated with the flue from the outside;
the superheated section is provided with a superheated steam pipeline, the superheated steam pipeline exchanges heat with post-combustion flue gas of a flue gas channel of the superheated section through a pipe wall, an outlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end close to the post-combustion section, and an inlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end far away from the post-combustion section and communicated to an outlet of the steam channel; the outlet of the overheating section waste heat flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the hearth;
the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the outside of the hearth at one end close to the inlet of the steam channel; the inlet of the hearth steam channel is communicated with an external water pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam further comprises an economizer, the economizer comprises a cavity, a water pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the cavity, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at two ends of the water pipe, the cavity is further provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the water pipe exchanges heat with flue gas in the cavity through a pipe wall; the outlet of the flue gas channel of the hearth is communicated to the flue gas inlet of the economizer, and the water outlet of the water pipe of the economizer is communicated to the inlet of the steam channel of the hearth.
Preferably, the economizer and the hearth can be integrated into a whole or can be separately and independently arranged.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam further comprises a feed water preheater, wherein the feed water preheater comprises a first channel and a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel exchange heat through channel walls;
the outlet of the second channel is communicated to the inlet of the hearth steam channel;
the water outlet of the coal economizer is communicated to the inlet of the second channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the steam channel is preferably a high pressure steam channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas channel inlet of the furnace is located on the same side (e.g., the side away from the economizer) as the steam channel outlet, and the flue gas channel outlet of the furnace is located on the same side (e.g., the side near the economizer) as the steam channel inlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the inlet of the residual heat flue gas channel of the superheater and the outlet of the superheated steam channel are located on the same side (e.g. the side remote from the furnace), and the outlet of the residual heat flue gas channel and the inlet of the superheated steam channel are located on the same side (e.g. the side close to the furnace).
In a preferred embodiment, the second passage inlet of the feedwater preheater is located on the same side (e.g., the side closer to the economizer) as the first passage outlet, and the second passage outlet of the feedwater preheater is located on the same side (e.g., the side further from the economizer) as the first passage inlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow direction of the water after heat exchange of the economizer in the second channel is opposite to the flow direction of the water in the first channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow direction of the fluid in the flue gas channel in the furnace is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the steam channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow direction of the fluid in the waste heat flue gas channel in the superheater is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the superheated steam channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam further comprises a water supply pipeline, the water supply pipeline comprises a first water supply branch and a second water supply branch, the first channel is located on the first water supply branch (as at least one part of the first water supply branch), and the first water supply branch and the second water supply branch are communicated to the water inlet of the economizer together at the downstream of the water supply preheater. More preferably, the second feedwater branch is located outside the feedwater preheater.
In a preferred embodiment, the steam channels in the furnace are arranged in a straight tube bundle row.
Preferably, the steam channel in the hearth comprises a pipe parallel to the flue gas inlet, and the pipe is connected end to end in sequence from the flue gas outlet direction to the flue gas inlet direction to form a direct current pipe bundle.
A method of producing high pressure superheated steam comprising:
water is fed into a steam channel of the hearth; a flue is arranged at a flue gas inlet of the hearth, and a superheating section and a post-combustion section are arranged in the flue, wherein the post-combustion section is provided with a gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet which are communicated with the flue from the outside; after-combustion and temperature rise are carried out on the waste heat flue gas in the after-combustion section to a preset temperature, and the waste heat flue gas after-combustion and temperature rise is sent to a superheating section;
water generates high-pressure saturated steam through heat exchange of a hearth, the high-pressure saturated steam enters a superheating section, and in the superheating section, waste heat smoke heats the high-pressure saturated steam to form superheated steam which is sent out;
and the waste heat flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the overheating section enters a hearth, and is subjected to heat exchange with water in the hearth to generate high-pressure saturated steam.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for producing high-pressure superheated steam further comprises:
heating the feedwater in an economizer to generate hot water; feeding hot water into a steam channel of the hearth;
the flue gas exchanges heat with hot water in the hearth, the hot water is heated to generate high-pressure saturated steam, and the high-pressure saturated steam is sent to a superheating section;
and the waste heat flue gas which is subjected to heat exchange with water in the hearth enters the economizer to heat the water in the economizer to generate hot water.
In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat flue gas is recovered waste heat flue gas.
In a more preferred embodiment, the feed water is preheated by a feed water preheater before entering the economizer, and the preheated feed water is heated in the economizer to generate hot water; the hot water is fed into a feed water preheater to preheat the feed water passing through the feed water preheater and then fed into the furnace.
In a preferred embodiment, the feedwater also includes a portion that does not pass through the preheater and is mixed with the preheated feedwater before entering the economizer.
In a preferred embodiment, the feedwater is heated in a preheater to 110-.
In a preferred embodiment, the feedwater is heated in the economizer to (the temperature of the hot water) 200-.
In a preferred embodiment, the high pressure saturated steam pressure in the furnace is 8-20MPa, more preferably 8.5-20MPa, more preferably 8.7-17MPa, such as 9MPa, 10MPa, 12MPa, 15MPa, etc.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the flue gas entering the superheating section is preferably 400-.
In a preferred embodiment, the high pressure saturated steam is heated in a superheater to a superheat degree in the range of 1-20 deg.C, more preferably 3-18 deg.C, more preferably 5-15 deg.C, such as 8 deg.C, 10 deg.C, 12 deg.C, etc.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for producing high pressure superheated steam comprising:
a softened water supply device for supplying feed water;
a pressurizing device for pressurizing the feed water;
the economizer comprises a cavity, a water pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the cavity, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at two ends of the water pipe, the cavity is also provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the water pipe exchanges heat with flue gas in the cavity through a pipe wall;
the hearth comprises a flue gas channel and a steam channel, both ends of the flue gas channel are communicated with the outside of the hearth, and the flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls; the inlet of a flue gas channel of the hearth is provided with a flue communicated with the flue gas channel, and flue gas in the flue sequentially comprises a afterburning section and a superheating section from the flue gas inlet to the exhaust, wherein the afterburning section is provided with a flue afterburning device, a fuel gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet flue communicated with the flue from the outside;
the superheated section is provided with a superheated steam pipeline, the superheated steam pipeline exchanges heat with post-combustion flue gas of a flue gas channel of the superheated section through a pipe wall, an outlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end close to the post-combustion section, and an inlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end far away from the post-combustion section and communicated to an outlet of the steam channel; the outlet of the overheating section waste heat flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the hearth;
the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the outside of the hearth at one end close to the inlet of the steam channel; the inlet of the hearth steam channel is communicated with an external water pipe;
the outlet of the flue gas channel of the hearth is communicated to the flue gas inlet of the economizer, and the water outlet of the water pipe of the economizer is communicated to the inlet of the steam channel of the hearth.
In a preferred embodiment, the system for producing high-pressure superheated steam further comprises a feed water preheater, the feed water preheater comprises a first channel and a second channel, the second channel exchanges heat with the first channel through a channel wall, and a water outlet of the economizer is communicated with a water inlet of the second channel; the softened water pipe connects the softened water supply equipment with a first channel of the feed water preheater;
the inlet of the hearth steam pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the second channel, and the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the chamber of the economizer.
In a preferred embodiment, the softened water supply means comprises, downstream of the pressurising means, a first and a second feed water branch in parallel, the first passage of the feed water preheater being located in the first feed water branch (as at least part of the first feed water branch), the first and second feed water branches being connected together downstream of the feed water preheater to the water inlet of the economizer. Preferably, the second feedwater branch is located outside the feedwater preheater.
In a preferred embodiment, the softened water supply equipment further comprises a main pipeline and a feedback regulating valve, the feedback regulating valve is installed on the main pipeline, the feedback regulating valve is a three-way valve, the first connecting port and the second connecting port of the three-way valve are installed on the main pipeline, and the third connecting port is communicated to the main pipeline on the upstream of the feedback regulating valve through a shunt pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment, the softened water supply equipment further comprises a feedback regulating valve, the feedback regulating valve is installed on the first water supply branch, the feedback regulating valve is a three-way valve, a first connecting port and a second connecting port of the three-way valve are installed on the first water supply branch, and a third connecting port is communicated to the first water supply branch upstream of the feedback regulating valve through a diversion pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment, the softened water supply equipment further comprises a feedback regulating valve, the feedback regulating valve is installed on the second water supply branch, the feedback regulating valve is a three-way valve, the first connecting port and the second connecting port of the three-way valve are installed on the second water supply branch, and the third connecting port is communicated to the second water supply branch upstream of the feedback regulating valve through a diversion pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment, the furnace is provided with a steam pressure detection device, the steam pressure detection device sends detected pressure data to the processor, and the processor controls the working state of the feedback regulating valve according to the received pressure data.
In a preferred embodiment, the processor controls the feedback regulator valve to open the diversion conduit to return at least a portion of the feed water upstream of the feedback regulator valve when the pressure data is above the predetermined value.
In the above aspect of the invention, the downstream steam outlet of the furnace is communicated to the afterburning superheating device and/or the dryness lifting device.
In the above aspect of the present invention, preferably, the furnace is a straight-flow furnace structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the steam channels in the furnace are arranged in a straight tube bundle row.
Preferably, the steam channel in the hearth comprises a pipe parallel to the flue gas inlet, and the pipe is connected end to end in sequence from the flue gas outlet direction to the flue gas inlet direction to form a direct current pipe bundle.
In the above aspect of the present invention, preferably, the steam channel in the furnace is a finned tube.
More preferably, the steam channel is composed of finned tubes, the finned tubes are horizontally or longitudinally arranged at a certain interval, adjacent tube bundles are connected in series to form a row of tube rows, and the front and rear tube rows are also connected in series through a series tube.
More preferably, the furnace tube in the hearth is of a straight flow type, preferably a single-way or straight tube, and more preferably a spiral finned tube. More preferably, the furnace tubes are vertically arranged in a tube panel structure, and 180-degree elbows are used for connecting the steel tubes into a tube bundle.
In the above aspect of the present invention, preferably, the flue gas is derived from flue gas generated by gas-fired power generation.
In the above aspect of the present invention, preferably, the system for producing high-pressure superheated steam includes a gas power generation device, and a flue gas discharge pipeline of the gas power generation device is communicated to an inlet of a waste heat flue gas channel of the superheater.
The method, the system and the steam injection boiler for producing superheated steam provided by the invention can fully utilize the flue gas waste heat generated by power generation of the gas turbine, and recycle part of energy in a direct-current waste heat boiler form, so that the production of high-pressure or ultrahigh-pressure superheated steam (about 7MPa to 17MPa) meeting the requirements of processes such as thick oil development steam injection and the like by using the flue gas waste heat becomes possible. The application further recycles the part of energy except the irreversible loss, and the thermal efficiency of a system consisting of the gas turbine can reach 53 percent or more, and the total efficiency reaches 85 percent or more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure saturated superheated steam according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system for producing high pressure saturated superheated steam according to the present application.
Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the arrangement of the straight tube bundle rows.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam, including: the coal economizer 4, the feed water preheater 3 (optional) and the hearth 5, wherein a flue is arranged at the inlet of a flue gas channel of the hearth, and a superheating section 6 and a afterburning section 7 are arranged in the flue in sequence. It should be understood that the superheating section 6 may be replaced by a superheater, or the superheater may be arranged in the flue, and the afterburning section 7 comprises an afterburning burner, which is located in the flue.
A water pipe for water to pass through and a water inlet and a water outlet at two ends of the water pipe are arranged in the cavity of the economizer 4, the cavity is also provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the water pipe exchanges heat with flue gas in the cavity through the pipe wall.
The feed water preheater 3 includes a first passage for passing feed water and a second passage for passing heating water, the first passage and the second passage exchanging heat through passage walls. The water outlet of the coal economizer 4 is communicated to the inlet of the second channel.
The hearth 5 comprises a flue gas channel and a steam channel, both ends of the flue gas channel and the steam channel are communicated with the outside of the hearth 5, an outlet of the second channel is communicated to an inlet of the steam channel, and the flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls; the flue gas channel is communicated to a flue gas inlet of the coal economizer 4. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the steam channel in the furnace comprises tubes 50 parallel to the flue gas inlet, and the tubes 50 are connected end to end in sequence from the flue gas outlet direction to the flue gas inlet direction to form a straight tube bundle, for example, the straight tube bundle can be a finned tube.
The superheating section 6 comprises a superheated steam channel, and the steam heated in the hearth is sent into the superheated steam channel.
The afterburning section 7 comprises an afterburning burner, the superheating section is provided with a gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet channel, and the waste heat flue gas is afterburned in the afterburning burner to be heated and then is sent to the superheating section 6 through a waste heat flue gas outlet. In the overheating section 6, the after-combustion heated waste heat flue gas and the superheated steam channel exchange heat through channel walls.
Referring to fig. 1, the flue gas waste heat steam injection boiler for producing superheated steam further comprises a water supply pipeline, the water supply pipeline comprises a first water supply branch and a second water supply branch, the first channel is located on the first water supply branch, the second water supply branch is located outside the water supply preheater, and the first water supply branch and the second water supply branch are communicated to a water inlet of the economizer 4 at the downstream of the water supply preheater.
The feed water is heated to 260 ℃ through the flue gas in the economizer 4, the feed water is sent into a steam channel of the hearth 5 after passing through the feed water preheater 3, the flue gas enters the hearth from one side of an outlet of the steam channel, and the feed water in the steam channel is heated to generate high-pressure saturated steam of 8-20 Mpa. The flue gas is cooled after heat exchange with the feed water in the hearth 5, and is sent into the economizer 4 to heat the feed water in the economizer 4.
The hot water heated in the economizer 4 enters the feed water preheater 3 through the second channel, and the feed water of the first feed water branch is preheated to 110-. The feed water of the first feed water branch is mixed with the water of the second feed water branch after coming out of the feed water preheater 3, and the feed water entering the economizer 4 is preheated.
After the hot water heats the feed water in the second channel, the feed water is sent to the steam channel of the hearth 5, and as mentioned above, the flue gas is heated in the hearth 5 to generate saturated steam of 8.8MPa to 17 MPa.
The temperature of the waste heat smoke generated by the gas generator set is about 400-600 ℃, the waste heat smoke enters the after-combustion burner 7 for after-combustion, the temperature is raised to the design temperature (higher than the temperature of the waste heat smoke generated by the gas generator set), then the waste heat smoke is sent to the superheater 6, the saturated steam enters the superheater 6, the waste heat smoke which is after-combusted in the superheater to the design temperature is heated, and high-pressure superheated steam with the superheat degree of 5-15 ℃ is usually produced and can be sent to an oil field wellhead.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 and example 1, the present embodiment provides a system for producing superheated steam, which includes a water supply facility 1, a pressurizing facility 2, a water supply preheater 3, an economizer 4, and a furnace 5.
The water supply equipment 1 comprises a water supply pipeline for supplying softened water, the pressurizing equipment 2 is positioned on the water supply pipeline and used for pressurizing the softened water, the water supply pipeline is divided into a first water supply branch and a second water supply branch at the lower reaches of the pressurizing equipment, the first water supply branch penetrates through the water supply preheater 3, and a part of the first water supply branch inside the water supply preheater 3 forms a first channel. The first water supply branch and the second water supply branch are combined at the downstream of the water supply preheater 3 and enter the water inlet of the economizer 4 together.
The water outlet of the economizer 4 is communicated to the inlet of a second channel of the feed water preheater 3, and the second channel and the first channel can exchange heat through channel walls. The outlet of the second channel is communicated to the inlet of the steam channel in the hearth 5. The hearth 5 is provided with an inlet of a flue gas channel at one end of an outlet of the steam channel, flue gas in the flue gas channel and steam in the steam channel have opposite flow directions integrally and exchange heat through the channel wall. The outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the coal economizer 4.
During operation, the feed water is heated by the flue gas in the economizer 4, then the heated hot water enters the feed water preheater 3, and the feed water subsequently entering the feed water preheater 3 is preheated to 116-138 ℃. The hot water enters the hearth to be heated and vaporized by the flue gas, the flue gas enters the hearth to heat and vaporize the water discharged from the economizer into high-pressure saturated steam of 8.8MPa to 17MPa, the high-pressure saturated steam can be sent to a wellhead of an oil field, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the high-pressure saturated steam enters the economizer 4 to heat the feed water.
The temperature of the waste heat smoke generated by the gas generator set is about 400-600 ℃, the waste heat smoke enters the post-combustion section 7 for post-combustion, the temperature is raised to the design temperature (higher than the temperature of the waste heat smoke generated by the gas generator set), and then the waste heat smoke is sent to the overheating section 6 for heating saturated steam, and high-pressure superheated steam with the superheat degree of 5-15 ℃ is usually generated and can be sent to an oil field wellhead.
On the water supply pipeline, a feedback regulating electromagnetic valve D1 is arranged at the downstream of the pressurizing device 2 to control the water supply flow, when the outlet steam pressure is lower than 10MPa, the D1 can be regulated to increase the water supply flow, and when the steam pressure is too high, the D1 is regulated to reduce the water supply flow. Or when the load needs to be reduced, the flue gas flow is reduced, the feed water flow is reduced by adjusting the electromagnetic valve D1, the outlet steam pressure is guaranteed, and the steam yield is reduced.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the flue gas originates from a gas turbine. The gas consumption of a certain brand 6630kW gas turbine is 2059Nm3H, the generating efficiency is 32.2 percent, and the heat value of the fuel gas is 35.5MJ/Nm3It was calculated that 13766kWh (67.8%) of energy per hour was not efficiently used, including mechanical losses and other irreversible losses.
According to the steam data required by the production of the thickened oil in certain oil field in Xinjiang as an example, the steam requirement is 10MPa of high-pressure saturated steam. The flue gas waste heat type steam injection boiler is matched with a 6630kW gas turbine of the brand, 505 ℃ high-temperature flue gas generated by power generation of the gas turbine enters a hearth of the flue gas afterburning type waste heat type steam injection boiler with the flow rate of 93153kg/h, the initial water supply temperature is 20 ℃, and the exhaust temperature of an economizer is 120 ℃. By adopting the mode of the embodiment 1 or 2, 10MPa saturated steam can be produced for about 15t/h, and the heat of the waste heat of the flue gas generated by the power generation of the gas turbine is fully utilized. The application further recycles the part of energy except the irreversible loss, and the flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler effectively utilizes 11259kWh of energy per hour, which accounts for 77.7% of the energy which is not effectively utilized by the gas boiler, so that the heat efficiency of a system formed by the flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler and a gas turbine reaches 53.1%, and the total efficiency reaches 85.3%.
In the embodiment, the load pressure of the whole oil field production area for preparing the high-pressure saturated steam by using the traditional energy is reduced while the high-temperature flue gas is recycled to prepare the high-pressure saturated steam, the utilization efficiency of precious associated gas resources is improved, extra economic value is created, and the high-pressure saturated steam generator has strong inspiring effects on energy supply and energy utilization forms in the oil field industry.
The application solves the problem that the flue gas waste heat boiler in the traditional form cannot produce high-pressure saturated steam, so that the high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated after the power generation of the gas turbine can be applied to the oil field production, the application has great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the exploitation of the thickened oil in the oil field, and the consumption of energy and the emission of harmful substances, carbon dioxide and other substances can be effectively reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler of production high-pressure superheated steam, its characterized in that, including furnace, wherein:
the hearth comprises a flue gas channel and a steam channel, both ends of the flue gas channel are communicated with the outside of the hearth, and the flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls; the inlet of a flue gas channel of the hearth is provided with a flue communicated with the flue gas channel, and flue gas in the flue sequentially comprises a afterburning section and a superheating section from the flue gas inlet to the exhaust, wherein the afterburning section is provided with a flue afterburning device, a fuel gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet flue communicated with the flue from the outside;
the superheated section is provided with a superheated steam pipeline, the superheated steam pipeline exchanges heat with post-combustion flue gas of a flue gas channel of the superheated section through a pipe wall, an outlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end close to the post-combustion section, and an inlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end far away from the post-combustion section and communicated to an outlet of the steam channel; the outlet of the overheating section waste heat flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the hearth;
the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the outside of the hearth at one end close to the inlet of the steam channel; the inlet of the hearth steam channel is communicated with an external water pipe.
2. The flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam according to claim 1, further comprising an economizer, wherein the economizer comprises a chamber, a water pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the chamber, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at two ends of the water pipe, the chamber is further provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the water pipe exchanges heat with flue gas in the chamber through a pipe wall; the outlet of the flue gas channel of the hearth is communicated to the flue gas inlet of the economizer, and the water outlet of the water pipe of the economizer is communicated to the inlet of the steam channel of the hearth.
3. The flue gas after-combustion type waste heat steam injection boiler for producing high-pressure superheated steam according to claim 2, further comprising a feed water preheater, wherein the feed water preheater comprises a first channel and a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel exchange heat through channel walls; the outlet of the second channel is communicated to the inlet of the hearth steam channel; the water outlet of the coal economizer is communicated to the inlet of the second channel.
4. A method of producing high pressure superheated steam, comprising:
water is fed into a steam channel of the hearth; a flue is arranged at a flue gas inlet of the hearth, and a superheating section and a post-combustion section are arranged in the flue, wherein the post-combustion section is provided with a gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet which are communicated with the flue from the outside; after-combustion and temperature rise are carried out on the waste heat flue gas in the after-combustion section to a preset temperature, and the waste heat flue gas after-combustion and temperature rise is sent to a superheating section;
water generates high-pressure saturated steam through heat exchange of a hearth, the high-pressure saturated steam enters a superheating section, and in the superheating section, waste heat smoke heats the high-pressure saturated steam to form superheated steam which is sent out;
and the waste heat flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the overheating section enters a hearth, and is subjected to heat exchange with water in the hearth to generate high-pressure saturated steam.
5. The method of producing high pressure superheated steam of claim 4, further comprising:
heating the feedwater in an economizer to generate hot water; feeding hot water into a steam channel of the hearth;
the flue gas exchanges heat with hot water in the hearth, the hot water is heated to generate high-pressure saturated steam, and the high-pressure saturated steam is sent to a superheating section;
and the waste heat flue gas which is subjected to heat exchange with water in the hearth enters the economizer to heat the water in the economizer to generate hot water.
6. The method for producing high-pressure superheated steam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feed water is heated in the preheater to 110-150 ℃.
7. The method for producing high-pressure superheated steam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feedwater is heated in the economizer to 200-300 ℃.
8. The method for producing high pressure superheated steam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the flue gas entering the superheating section is 400-600 ℃.
9. A system for producing high pressure superheated steam, comprising:
a softened water supply device for supplying feed water;
a pressurizing device for pressurizing the feed water;
the economizer comprises a cavity, a water pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the cavity, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at two ends of the water pipe, the cavity is also provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the water pipe exchanges heat with flue gas in the cavity through a pipe wall;
the hearth comprises a flue gas channel and a steam channel, both ends of the flue gas channel are communicated with the outside of the hearth, and the flue gas channel and the steam channel exchange heat through channel walls; the inlet of a flue gas channel of the hearth is provided with a flue communicated with the flue gas channel, and flue gas in the flue sequentially comprises a afterburning section and a superheating section from the flue gas inlet to the exhaust, wherein the afterburning section is provided with a flue afterburning device, a fuel gas inlet and a waste heat flue gas inlet flue communicated with the flue from the outside;
the superheated section is provided with a superheated steam pipeline, the superheated steam pipeline exchanges heat with post-combustion flue gas of a flue gas channel of the superheated section through a pipe wall, an outlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end close to the post-combustion section, and an inlet of the superheated steam pipeline is arranged at one end far away from the post-combustion section and communicated to an outlet of the steam channel; the outlet of the overheating section waste heat flue gas channel is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the hearth;
the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the outside of the hearth at one end close to the inlet of the steam channel; the inlet of the hearth steam channel is communicated with an external water pipe;
the outlet of the flue gas channel of the hearth is communicated to the flue gas inlet of the economizer, and the water outlet of the water pipe of the economizer is communicated to the inlet of the steam channel of the hearth.
10. The system for producing high pressure superheated steam of claim 9, further comprising a feed water preheater, the feed water preheater comprising a first channel and a second channel, the second channel exchanging heat with the first channel via a channel wall, the economizer outlet communicating with the second channel inlet; the softened water pipe connects the softened water supply equipment with the first channel of the feed water preheater;
the inlet of the hearth steam pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the second channel, and the outlet of the flue gas channel is communicated with the chamber of the economizer.
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| CN201911083106.1A CN111059518A (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler, method and system for producing high-pressure superheated steam |
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| CN201911083106.1A CN111059518A (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Flue gas afterburning type waste heat steam injection boiler, method and system for producing high-pressure superheated steam |
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