CN111059479B - Pipeline defect phonon diagnosis system and implementation method - Google Patents
Pipeline defect phonon diagnosis system and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111059479B CN111059479B CN201911385352.2A CN201911385352A CN111059479B CN 111059479 B CN111059479 B CN 111059479B CN 201911385352 A CN201911385352 A CN 201911385352A CN 111059479 B CN111059479 B CN 111059479B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipeline defect phonon diagnosis system and an implementation method thereof. The phonon transmitting module comprises a phonon transmitting probe and a phonon signal transmitting end, and the phonon receiving module comprises a phonon receiving probe and a phonon signal receiving end. The phonon transmitting probe is integrated with a modulator in a GFSK modulation mode, a signal provided by a signal generator is modulated to 433MHz, acts on a pipeline to be detected through a phonon signal transmitting end and is transmitted to a phonon receiving end, the phonon receiving probe demodulates the signal through the GFSK demodulation module and transmits the signal to an industrial computer provided with an acquisition card through a data signal line, and signal acquisition is completed. The invention can realize the defect detection of the pipeline, saves the cost and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multidisciplinary fields of information collection, electromagnetic carrier waves, solid physics, phonon theory, nondestructive testing, signal processing and the like, in particular to a digital phonon diagnosis and detection system which can be used for defect detection of steel pipelines, particularly crossing pipelines, and belongs to the new field of nondestructive testing of special equipment.
Background
At present, the detection technology of the pipeline defects mainly comprises an external detection mode and an internal detection mode. The external detection mode mainly adopts manual inspection, is difficult to detect large-scale equipment, has a complex process, and is not beneficial to finding out welding defects such as cracks, slag inclusion, air holes and the like in the pipeline and micro cracks generated by stress concentration and corrosion. Therefore, the regular internal detection of the pipeline is the key for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the pipeline.
At present, the nondestructive testing technology becomes a common testing mode for internal testing due to a relatively mature theoretical system. The nondestructive detection belongs to a non-contact detection technology, which mainly utilizes physical or chemical reactions of light, heat, magnetism and electricity in equipment to obtain state information of the equipment, the nondestructive detection method only aims at specific defect types, is sensitive to a detection object and the defect types of the object, is difficult to find defects in a microscopic state in a material, is not suitable for detection of all the defect types, and is high in operation cost and complex in process for comprehensively detecting a non-excavation pipeline, the development of the defects of the material cannot be timely monitored, so that the phenomenon of scrapping of instruments of the material is generated, and economic loss is caused. For cross-over conduits, such as: the device passes through tunnels, rivers, highways, and overhead pipelines and crossing pipelines between two mountains or rivers, and the defect detection of the device is difficult to realize by the existing nondestructive detection technology.
In the field of materials science, failure of a material is not instantaneous. Under the excitation of external energy, lattice vibration in the material excites a phononic lattice wave, and the failure state of the material can be judged by detecting a phononic signal which is the characteristic of the lattice vibration. In order to solve the blank of the crossing type pipeline defect detection technology, a pipeline defect phonon diagnosis technology is provided based on phonon energy wave and electromagnetic carrier wave theories, and a digital phonon diagnosis detection system is constructed to realize pipeline defect detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the detection method theoretically combines related concepts of phonon lattice wave and radio frequency carrier signal modulation in solid-state physics, and builds a digital phonon diagnosis and detection system, the digital phonon diagnosis and detection system can be used for detecting the damage of steel pipelines, particularly crossing pipelines, from the microscopic field, the operation is simple, the detection cost is low, and meanwhile, the method can monitor the pipeline defect forming process and realize real-time monitoring of in-service pipelines.
The invention discloses a pipe defect phonon diagnosis and detection system and an implementation method thereof, which construct the relation between phonon lattice waves and electromagnetic waves in the microscopic field. In the field of solid physics, phonons are physical quantities used to describe the vibration of a crystal lattice, and are energy quanta of the normal vibration of the crystal lattice. The acoustic quantum statistics show that under a certain critical temperature or above a critical density, the spatial position of an excited state is strictly limited, so that the number of macroscopic particles of the bosons is gathered on a ground state, and the phenomenon is called bose einstein condensation. The phonons are used as bosons and follow the bose einstein condensation law.
Atoms do not vibrate at equilibrium positions all the time, and due to interaction force among atoms, atom vibration is related to each other and generates lattice waves to propagate in lattices. When an atom is at a lattice point, it has its own kinetic energy and interaction potential between atoms, and thus the lagrange function of the vibration system is
Wherein Q isiIs the normal coordinate of the ith atom in the vibration system;
the first derivative of the normal coordinate of the ith atom in the vibration system; omegaiIs the vibrational angular frequency of the ith atom in the crystal lattice; n is the total number of atoms. The Hamiltonian equation of the system is obtained according to the equation and the regular momentum equation of the system
Wherein, PiIs the canonical momentum of the ith atom in the system; qiIs the normal coordinate of the ith atom in the vibration system; omegaiIs the vibrational angular frequency of the ith atom in the crystal lattice; n is the total number of atoms.
From the formula, the small vibration of the atoms in the crystal near the crystal lattice can be similar to the vibration of 3N independent harmonic oscillators at the crystal lattice, and the vibrating atoms are mutually related. Based on the periodic boundary condition of Bonn Karman, the lattice vibration has a frequency of ωiWhen the mode vibrates, the general solution of the harmonic oscillator vibration can be expressed as
Wherein A is the lattice vibration amplitude; omegaiIs the vibrational angular frequency of the ith atom in the crystal lattice;
the initial phase of the lattice atoms when they vibrate in simple harmonic mode.
The simple harmonic vibration equation of an atom can be described as
Wherein u isiIs the displacement of the ith atom; m isiIs the mass of the ith atom in the lattice, aiWhen the lattice is in an equilibrium state, the distance between the ith atom and the adjacent atom is a constant value; a is the vibration amplitude of the crystal lattice; omegaiIs the vibrational angular frequency of the ith atom in the crystal lattice;
the initial phase of the lattice atoms when they vibrate in simple harmonic mode.
In classical theoretical mechanics, the vibration mode of a crystal lattice is considered to be an elastic wave with a specific frequency ω, wavelength λ, a certain propagation direction, and the energy of the elastic wave is continuous; in the field of quantum mechanics, lattice vibration is lattice wave, and the energy of harmonic oscillator can be obtained by quantizing the lattice wave. Will PiIs shown as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the Planck constant; qiIs the normal coordinate of the ith atom in the vibration system.
Thus, the energy to bring the formula into which the lattice vibration is derived is
Wherein epsiloniEnergy for each harmonic oscillator; omegajIs the vibrational angular frequency of the jth atom in the lattice; qjIs the normal coordinate of the jth atom in the vibration system;
is the constant of the planck, and is,
n is the total number of atoms; n isiThe number of phonons excited in the ith atom in the crystal; omegaiIs the vibration frequency of the ith atom in the lattice. As can be seen from the formula (7),
it is the energy of lattice vibration quantization, giving it the concept of phonons. In practice, considering neglected non-simple harmonic effect, the vibration processes of 3N harmonic oscillators affect each other, that is, there is an energy exchange process between phonons and phonons, and the state equation of the crystal should be
Wherein F is the lattice free energy; v is the volume of the lattice in the equilibrium state; u is lattice vibration potential energy;
is the constant of the planck, and is,
t is the temperature of the lattice at equilibrium; k is a radical ofBIs the boltzmann constant; omegaiIs the vibration frequency of the ith atom in the lattice.
Formula (iii) is known as the green epson constant and has a value in the range of 1-3. The size of the lattice vibration non-simple harmonic effect is characterized by λ.
In practice, acoustic and optical lattice waves are generated when the lattice vibrates. Which correspond to the acoustic phonon and the optical phonon, respectively. The acoustic lattice wave can be approximate to elastic wave, the research of the optical lattice wave mainly uses positive and negative ions as main models for analysis, starting from the yellow-Kun equation, the rotation degree, the divergence and the Maxwell equation, the ionic crystal of the optical lattice wave is easy to generate a polarized electric field, and the optical transverse wave is coupled with an electromagnetic field and has electromagnetic property, namely electromagnetic phonon; whereas long acoustic longitudinal waves are polarized phonons. Therefore, the electromagnetic phonon can be coupled with the electromagnetic wave and influence the signal characteristics of the electromagnetic wave acting on the pipeline to be detected, and the change characteristic condition of the electromagnetic wave under the coupling action of the electromagnetic wave and the phonon is observed by collecting the electromagnetic wave signal in the pipeline, so that the change state of the internal energy of the material can be obtained, and the purposes of defect detection and monitoring are achieved.
A kind of pipe defect phonon diagnosis technology and its realizing method, the digital phonon diagnosis detecting system includes: the device comprises a phonon emitting module 1, a first oscilloscope 2, a signal generator 4, a power supply board 6, an industrial computer 8, a collecting card 11, a second oscilloscope 12, a pipeline to be detected 14 and a phonon receiving module 15;
the phonon transmitting module 1 comprises a phonon transmitting probe 19 and a phonon signal transmitting end 18, and the phonon receiving module comprises a phonon receiving probe 16 and a phonon signal receiving end 17;
the phonon emission probe 19 comprises a carrier modulation emission module 20, a phonon emission probe signal input anode 21, a phonon emission probe signal input cathode 22, a phonon emission probe power supply anode 23 and a phonon emission probe power supply cathode 24;
the phonon receiving probe comprises a carrier demodulation receiving module 27, a received signal power indicator lamp 26, a phonon receiving probe signal output positive pole 30, a phonon receiving probe signal output negative pole 25, a phonon receiving probe power positive pole 28 and a phonon receiving probe power negative pole 29.
The phonon emitting probe 19 modulates the original signal provided by the signal generator 4 into a 433MHz radio frequency signal, and acts on the pipeline 14 to be detected through the phonon signal emitting end 18, under the excitation of an external energy signal, the internal crystal lattice of the pipeline vibrates to excite the phonon lattice wave among the atomic bonds of the pipeline material, the radio frequency electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the defect of the pipeline 14 to be detected and is electromagnetically coupled with the phonon lattice wave, so that the emitted original electromagnetic wave is distorted, the phonon receiving probe 16 decouples the electromagnetic signal carrying the phonon energy wave through the phonon signal receiving end 17, and therefore the defect phonon signal on the pipeline 14 to be detected can be obtained, and the defect information of the material can be obtained.
A phonon transmitting probe 19 and a phonon receiving probe 16 based on a radio frequency carrier theory are provided, the frequency response is 20 Hz-20 KHz, and the transmission and the reception of low-frequency-band signals can be realized.
The working frequency of the phonon emitting probe 19 and the phonon receiving probe 16 based on the radio frequency carrier theory is 433MHz, and the carrier modulation emitting module 20 and the carrier demodulation receiving module 27 are integrated on the phonon emitting probe and the phonon receiving probe, so that the analog input and output can be realized.
The phonon signal transmitting end 18 in the phonon transmitting module 1 and the phonon signal receiving end 17 of the phonon receiving module 15 based on the radio frequency carrier theory are in honeycomb type surface structures, can be reliably coupled with the surface of a pipeline 14 to be detected, and do not need to use a coupling agent.
The phonon emitting probes 19 and the phonon receiving probes 16 which are placed on the pipeline to be detected adopt an array structure, and the number of the phonon emitting probes and the phonon receiving probes 16 is changed according to the pipe diameter of the pipeline to be detected, so that an array type detection probe is formed, and the full-section defect detection of the pipeline 14 to be detected is realized.
The waveforms of the phonon signal transmitting terminal 18 and the phonon signal receiving terminal 17 are simultaneously detected by adopting the 4- channel oscilloscopes 2 and 12, so that the signal fluctuation condition in the acquisition process can be monitored.
The method for detecting the pipeline defects by adopting the digital phonon diagnosis and detection system comprises the following operation steps:
(1) a phonon emission probe 19 in a phonon emission module 1 is connected with a phonon signal emission end 18 in a matching way, and a phonon receiving probe 16 in a phonon receiving module 15 is connected with a phonon signal receiving end 17 in a matching way;
(2) a group of phonon emitting modules 1 are uniformly arranged at one end of a pipeline 14 to be detected along the circumferential direction, so that the phonon emitting modules are annularly arrayed on the circumferential section of the pipeline 14 to be detected, a phonon receiving module 15 corresponding to the phonon emitting modules 1 is arranged at the other end of the pipeline 14 to be detected, the array structure form of the phonon emitting modules 1 and the array structure form of the phonon receiving modules 15 are the same as that of the phonon emitting modules 1, and the array form of the phonon emitting modules 1 and the array form of the phonon receiving modules 15 are changed according to the pipe diameter size of the pipeline 14 to be detected;
(3) the phonon emission probe 19 is connected with the signal generator 4 and the acquisition card (11) by using a data signal line 7, and the phonon receiving probe 16 is connected with a corresponding interface of the acquisition card 11;
(4) the acquisition card 11 is connected with the industrial computer 8 through a USB interface 9, and the acquisition card 11 is set to acquire signals in a differential mode through related programs;
(5) an oscilloscope 2 and an oscilloscope 12 are respectively connected with a phonon emitting probe 19 and a phonon receiving probe 16 by adopting a data signal wire 7, and the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12 are used for monitoring the waveform change condition in the signal acquisition process;
(6) the phonon emitting probe 19 and the phonon receiving probe 16 are powered by the power supply plate 6;
(7) turning on a power switch, and lightening a receiving signal power indicator lamp 26 on a phonon receiving probe 16 in the phonon receiving module 15;
(8) opening the industrial computer 8, setting and modifying corresponding parameters in a signal acquisition program, and displaying signal acquisition windows of the phonon transmitting probe 19 and the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10;
(9) setting the output waveform of the signal generator 4, continuously outputting 30Hz-100Hz square wave or sine signals, modulating the original signals into 433MHz by the phonon emission probe 19, transmitting the signals to the phonon signal receiving end 17 along the pipeline 14 to be detected through the phonon signal emission end 18, and demodulating the signals which are received by the phonon signal receiving end 17 and carry phonon defect information by the phonon receiving probe 16;
(10) running an acquisition program on the industrial computer 8, continuously acquiring the signals demodulated by the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10, storing the signals in a CSV file, and observing the waveform shapes on the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12;
(11) the USB interface 9 is used for copying the acquired signals to a hard disk, recording the signals, and identifying the defects on the pipeline by processing and analyzing the signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the technical method adopts a phonon energy theory and an electromagnetic propagation theory to realize phonon energy excitation and carrier transmission of the pipeline micro defects so as to achieve the aim of detecting the pipeline defects.
2. The technical method can solve the technical problem that the defect detection of the crossing pipeline is difficult to realize in the existing detection technology, and fills the technical blank.
3. The method has the advantages that phonon energy signals before macroscopic defects are generated are collected, the forming and developing processes of the pipeline defects can be monitored in advance, real-time diagnosis and early warning of the pipeline defects are achieved, and accidents are prevented.
4. In order to realize the method, the provided phonon diagnosis system adopts a phonon transmitting module and a phonon receiving probe, and a demodulation and modulation module is integrated on the probe to directly convert digital signals into response analog quantity, so that the detection efficiency is improved, and the detection precision is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phonon diagnosis and detection system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the pin marks associated with the phonon emitting and receiving probe of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the phonon transmitting and receiving probe array form of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the phonon transmitting and receiving probe array of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a square wave signal at a receiving end monitored by an oscilloscope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sinusoidal signal at a receiving end monitored by an oscilloscope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of transmitted and received square wave signals collected by an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of transmitted and received sinusoidal signals collected by an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph of FFT transformation of a sinusoidal signal at a receiving end acquired by an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a graph of gradient processing after FFT of a sinusoidal signal at a receiving end acquired by an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures:
1-phonon emission module, 2-first oscilloscope, 3-output channel of signal generator, 4-signal generator, 5-input channel of oscilloscope 2, 6-power supply board, 7-data signal line, 8-industrial computer, 9-USB interface, 10-liquid crystal touch display screen, 11-acquisition card, 12-second oscilloscope, 13-input channel of oscilloscope 12, 14-pipeline to be detected, 15-phonon receiving module, 16-phonon receiving probe, 17-phonon signal receiving terminal, 18-phonon signal emission terminal, 19-phonon emission probe, 20-carrier modulation emission module, 21-phonon emission probe signal input anode, 22-phonon emission probe signal input cathode, 23-phonon emission probe power supply anode, 24-negative pole of a phonon transmitting probe power supply, 25-negative pole of a phonon receiving probe signal output, 26-power indicator lamp of a received signal, 27-carrier demodulation receiving module, 28-positive pole of a phonon receiving probe power supply, 29-negative pole of a phonon receiving probe power supply and 30-positive pole of a phonon receiving probe signal output.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The following examples will be used to disclose the application possibilities of the digital phonon diagnostic detection system. As shown in fig. 1, the described experimental device system comprises: the system comprises a phonon transmitting module 1, an oscilloscope 2, a signal generator 4, a power supply board 6, a data signal line 7, an industrial computer 8, a USB interface 9, a liquid crystal touch display screen 10, an acquisition card 11, an oscilloscope 12, a 3m steel pipeline 14, a phonon receiving module 15, a phonon receiving probe 16, a phonon signal receiving end 17, a phonon signal transmitting end 18 and a phonon transmitting probe 19.
In order to detect the 3m buried steel pipeline with the small hole in the middle and the open two ends, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a phonon emission probe 19 in a phonon emission module 1 is connected with a phonon signal emission end 18 in a matching way, and a phonon receiving probe 16 in a phonon receiving module 15 is connected with a phonon signal receiving end 17 in a matching way;
secondly, a pair of the phonon transmitting module 1 and the phonon receiving module 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer surface of the 3m long pipeline 14, so that the phonon signal transmitting end 18 and the phonon signal receiving end 17 are positioned at the same horizontal line;
thirdly, connecting an output channel 3 of the signal generator 4 to a pin 21 of a signal input anode of the phonon emission probe by a red line and a pin 22 of a signal input cathode of the phonon emission probe by a data signal line 7; simultaneously, the red line and the black line of the output channel 3 of the signal generator are connected to the interface 6 and the interface 7 of the acquisition card 11 through the data signal line 7; the positive electrode 30 of the signal output of the phonon receiving probe and the negative electrode 25 of the signal output of the phonon receiving probe are connected to the interface 1 and the interface 2 of the acquisition card 11 by using a data signal line 7;
and step four, the acquisition card 11 is connected with the industrial computer 8 through the USB interface 9, the acquisition card 11 is set to acquire signals in a differential mode through related programs, and the AGND interface on the acquisition card 11 is connected with the GND on the power supply board 6, so that the whole acquisition system is a uniform standard ground.
Connecting a red line of an input channel 5 of the oscilloscope 2 with a red line of a signal generator 4, and connecting a black line of the input channel 5 with a black line of the signal generator 4; the red line of an input channel 13 of an oscilloscope 12 is connected with a signal output anode 30 of a phonon receiving probe through a data signal line 7, the black line of the input channel 13 of the oscilloscope 12 is connected with a signal output cathode 25 of the phonon receiving probe through the data signal line 7, and the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12 are used for monitoring waveform change and feeding back circuit conditions in the detection process.
And step six, connecting the positive electrode 23 of the power supply of the phonon transmitting probe, the negative electrode 24 of the power supply of the phonon transmitting probe, the positive electrode 28 of the power supply of the phonon receiving probe, the negative electrode 29 of the power supply of the phonon receiving probe with the 5V and GND interfaces of the power supply board 6 by adopting a data signal line 7.
Step seven, turning on a power switch, and lightening a power indicator lamp 26 of a received signal on a phonon receiving probe 16 in the phonon receiving module 15;
and step eight, opening the industrial computer 8, opening the set related acquisition program, and displaying signal acquisition windows of the phonon transmitting probe 19 and the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10.
Step nine, setting the output waveform of the signal generator 4, and continuously outputting square waves or sinusoidal signals of 30Hz-100 Hz; the carrier modulation transmitting module 20 on the phonon transmitting probe 19 modulates the input signal into 433MHz by adopting a GFSK modulation mode, acts on a pipeline through the phonon signal transmitting terminal 18 and transmits the signal to the phonon signal receiving terminal 17, and the carrier demodulation receiving module 27 on the phonon receiving probe 16 demodulates the 433MHz signal into an original frequency signal carrying phonon defect information by adopting a GFSK demodulation mode.
Running an acquisition program on the industrial computer 8, continuously acquiring the signals demodulated by the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10, storing the signals in a CSV file, and simultaneously observing the waveform shapes on the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12;
and step eleven, copying the acquired signals into a hard disk by using the USB interface 9, recording the signals, and identifying the defects on the pipeline by processing and analyzing the signals.
Example 2
In the engineering practice, the blind plates fixed by bolts are arranged on two sides of the pipeline and used for inputting fluid, as shown in fig. 1, in the experiment, a pipeline with a blind hole defect at the side edge of 8m is taken as an example, the blind plate on one side is opened, water is poured in to simulate the transmitted fluid, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a phonon emission probe 19 in a phonon emission module 1 is connected with a phonon signal emission end 18 in a matching way, and a phonon receiving probe 16 in a phonon receiving module 15 is connected with a phonon signal receiving end 17 in a matching way;
secondly, a pair of the phonon transmitting module 1 and the phonon receiving module 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer surface of the 8m long pipeline 14, so that the phonon signal transmitting end 18 and the phonon signal receiving end 17 are positioned at the same horizontal line;
thirdly, connecting an output channel 3 of the signal generator 4 to a pin 21 of a signal input anode of the phonon emission probe by a red line and a pin 22 of a signal input cathode of the phonon emission probe by a data signal line 7; simultaneously, the red line and the black line of the output channel 3 of the signal generator are connected to the interface 6 and the interface 7 of the acquisition card 11 through the data signal line 7; the positive electrode 30 of the signal output of the phonon receiving probe and the negative electrode 25 of the signal output of the phonon receiving probe are connected to the interface 1 and the interface 2 of the acquisition card 11 by using a data signal line 7;
and step four, the acquisition card 11 is connected with the industrial computer 8 through the USB interface 9, the acquisition card 11 is set to acquire signals in a differential mode through related programs, and the AGND interface on the acquisition card 11 is connected with the GND on the power supply board 6, so that the whole acquisition system is a uniform standard ground.
Connecting a red line of an input channel 5 of the oscilloscope 2 with a red line of a signal generator 4, and connecting a black line of the input channel 5 with a black line of the signal generator 4; the red line of an input channel 13 of an oscilloscope 12 is connected with a signal output anode 30 of a phonon receiving probe through a data signal line 7, the black line of the input channel 13 of the oscilloscope 12 is connected with a signal output cathode 25 of the phonon receiving probe through the data signal line 7, and the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12 are used for monitoring waveform change and feeding back circuit conditions in the detection process.
And step six, connecting the positive electrode 23 of the power supply of the phonon transmitting probe, the negative electrode 24 of the power supply of the phonon transmitting probe, the positive electrode 28 of the power supply of the phonon receiving probe, the negative electrode 29 of the power supply of the phonon receiving probe with the 5V and GND interfaces of the power supply board 6 by adopting a data signal line 7.
Step seven, turning on a power switch, and lightening a power indicator lamp 26 of a received signal on a phonon receiving probe 16 in the phonon receiving module 15;
and step eight, opening the industrial computer 8, opening the set related acquisition program, and displaying signal acquisition windows of the phonon transmitting probe 19 and the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10.
Step nine, setting the output waveform of the signal generator 4, and continuously outputting square waves or sinusoidal signals of 30Hz-100 Hz; the carrier modulation transmitting module 20 on the phonon transmitting probe 19 modulates the input signal into 433MHz by adopting a GFSK modulation mode, acts on a pipeline through the phonon signal transmitting terminal 18 and transmits the signal to the phonon signal receiving terminal 17, and the carrier demodulation receiving module 27 on the phonon receiving probe 16 demodulates the 433MHz signal into an original frequency signal carrying phonon defect information by adopting a GFSK demodulation mode.
Running an acquisition program on the industrial computer 8, continuously acquiring the signals demodulated by the phonon receiving probe 16 on the liquid crystal touch display screen 10, storing the signals in a CSV file, and simultaneously observing the waveform shapes on the oscilloscope 2 and the oscilloscope 12;
and step eleven, copying the acquired signals into a hard disk by using the USB interface 9, recording the signals, and identifying the defects on the pipeline by processing and analyzing the signals.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A pipe defect phonon diagnostic system characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a phonon transmitting module (1), a first oscilloscope (2), a signal generator (4), a power supply board (6), an industrial computer (8), an acquisition card (11), a second oscilloscope (12), a pipeline to be detected (14) and a phonon receiving module (15);
the phonon transmitting module (1) comprises a phonon transmitting probe (19) and a phonon signal transmitting end (18), and the phonon receiving module comprises a phonon receiving probe (16) and a phonon signal receiving end (17);
the phonon emission probe (19) comprises a carrier modulation emission module (20), a phonon emission probe signal input anode (21), a phonon emission probe signal input cathode (22), a phonon emission probe power supply anode (23) and a phonon emission probe power supply cathode (24);
the phonon receiving probe comprises a carrier demodulation receiving module (27), a received signal power indicator (26), a phonon receiving probe signal output positive pole (30), a phonon receiving probe signal output negative pole (25), a phonon receiving probe power positive pole (28) and a phonon receiving probe power negative pole (29);
the phonon emission probe (19) modulates an original signal provided by the signal generator (4) into a 433MHz radio frequency signal, and acts on the pipeline (14) to be detected through a phonon signal emission end (18), under the excitation of an external energy signal, the internal crystal lattice of the pipeline vibrates to excite the phonon lattice wave among the atomic bonds of the pipeline material, the radio frequency electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the defect of the pipeline (14) to be detected and is electromagnetically coupled with the phonon lattice wave, so that the emitted original electromagnetic wave is distorted, the phonon receiving probe (16) decouples the electromagnetic signal carrying the phonon energy wave through a phonon signal receiving end (17), so that the defect phonon signal on the pipeline (14) to be detected can be obtained, and the defect information of the material is obtained;
the frequency response of the phonon transmitting probe (19) and the phonon receiving probe (16) based on the radio frequency carrier theory is 20 Hz-20 KHz, and the transmission and the reception of low-frequency-band signals can be realized.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating frequency of the phonon transmitting probe (19) and the phonon receiving probe (16) based on the radio frequency carrier theory is 433MHz, and a carrier modulation transmitting module (20) and a carrier demodulation receiving module (27) are integrated on the system, so that analog input and output can be realized.
3. The pipe defect phonon diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that a phonon signal transmitting end (18) in a phonon transmitting module (1) and a phonon signal receiving end (17) of a phonon receiving module (15) based on radio frequency carrier theory are in a honeycomb type surface structure, and can realize reliable coupling with the surface of a pipe (14) to be detected without using a coupling agent.
4. A pipe defect phonon diagnostic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the phonon emitting probes (19) and the phonon receiving probes (16) placed on the pipe to be detected adopt an array structure, the number of which is changed according to the pipe diameter of the pipe to be detected, so as to form an array type detection probe, thereby realizing the full section defect detection of the pipe (14) to be detected.
5. The pipe defect phonon diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein a 4-channel first oscilloscope (2) and a 4-channel second oscilloscope (12) are adopted to simultaneously detect the waveforms of a phonon signal transmitting end (18) and a phonon signal receiving end (17), so that the signal fluctuation condition in the acquisition process can be monitored.
6. The system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) a phonon transmitting probe (19) in a phonon transmitting module (1) is connected with a phonon signal transmitting end (18) in a matching way, and a phonon receiving probe (16) in a phonon receiving module (15) is connected with a phonon signal receiving end (17) in a matching way;
2) uniformly placing a group of phonon emitting modules (1) at one end of a pipeline (14) to be detected along the circumferential direction, enabling the group of phonon emitting modules to form an annular array on the circumferential section of the pipeline (14) to be detected, placing phonon receiving modules (15) corresponding to the phonon emitting modules (1) at the other end of the pipeline (14) to be detected, and adopting an array structure form identical to that of the phonon emitting modules (1), wherein the array form of the phonon emitting modules (1) and the phonon receiving modules (15) is changed according to the pipe diameter of the pipeline (14) to be detected;
3) a phonon emission probe (19) is connected with a signal generator (4) and an acquisition card (11) by using a data signal line (7), and a phonon receiving probe (16) is connected with a corresponding interface of the acquisition card (11);
4) the acquisition card (11) is connected with the industrial computer (8) through a USB interface (9), and the acquisition card (11) is set to acquire signals in a differential mode through related programs;
5) a first oscilloscope (2) and a second oscilloscope (12) are respectively connected with a phonon emission probe (19) and a phonon receiving probe (16) by adopting a data signal wire (7), and the first oscilloscope (2) and the second oscilloscope (12) are used for monitoring the waveform change condition in the signal acquisition process;
6) the phonon transmitting probe (19) and the phonon receiving probe (16) are powered by the power supply board (6);
7) turning on a power switch, and lightening a power indicator lamp (26) of a received signal on a phonon receiving probe (16) in the phonon receiving module (15);
8) opening an industrial computer (8), setting and modifying corresponding parameters in a signal acquisition program, and displaying signal acquisition windows of a phonon transmitting probe (19) and a phonon receiving probe (16) on a liquid crystal touch display screen (10);
9) setting an output waveform of a signal generator (4), continuously outputting a square wave or sinusoidal signal of 30Hz-100Hz, modulating an original signal into 433MHz by a phonon emission probe (19), transmitting the signal to a phonon signal receiving end (17) along a pipeline (14) to be detected through a phonon signal emission end (18), and demodulating the signal which is received by the phonon signal receiving end (17) and carries phonon defect information by a phonon receiving probe (16);
10) running an acquisition program on an industrial computer (8), continuously acquiring signals demodulated by a phonon receiving probe (16) on a liquid crystal touch display screen (10), storing the signals in a CSV file, and observing waveform shapes on a first oscilloscope (2) and a second oscilloscope (12);
11) the acquired signals are copied to a hard disk by using a USB interface (9), the signals are recorded, and the defects on the pipeline are identified by processing and analyzing the signals.
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