CN111059135A - Novel transmission shaft and friction stir welding process thereof - Google Patents
Novel transmission shaft and friction stir welding process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111059135A CN111059135A CN201911409965.5A CN201911409965A CN111059135A CN 111059135 A CN111059135 A CN 111059135A CN 201911409965 A CN201911409965 A CN 201911409965A CN 111059135 A CN111059135 A CN 111059135A
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- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- yoke
- friction stir
- welding
- tube
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
- F16C3/023—Shafts; Axles made of several parts, e.g. by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/06—Drive shafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel transmission shaft and a friction stir welding process thereof, wherein the novel transmission shaft comprises an aluminum alloy shaft yoke (or a steel shaft yoke) and an aluminum alloy shaft tube, and the shaft yoke and the shaft tube are connected in a friction stir welding mode; the connecting end of the shaft yoke and the shaft tube is provided with a lap step, a tangential small boss is arranged on the excircle of the shaft yoke close to the lap step, and the shaft tube is sleeved on the lap step of the shaft yoke. In order to realize the welding of the same or different materials of the aluminum alloy shaft yoke and the aluminum alloy shaft tube or the steel shaft yoke and the aluminum alloy shaft tube, a small boss for the end of the friction stir welding process is designed on the shaft yoke so as to avoid the adverse effect of a pin hole of the end of the friction stir welding on the welding quality of the transmission shaft. The novel aluminum alloy (or steel/aluminum) transmission shaft with the large diameter-thickness ratio and the friction stir welding process thereof have the advantages of high connection strength, high coaxiality and stable quality, and meet the market demands of vehicle light weight and cost reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering, relates to a transmission shaft and a manufacturing process thereof, and particularly relates to a novel transmission shaft and a friction stir welding process thereof.
Background
In order to meet the technical requirement of vehicle light weight, new materials and new structures are widely developed and applied to new vehicles. The transmission shaft is a key part in a vehicle chassis, and the traditional vehicle transmission shaft is formed by welding a steel shaft yoke and a steel shaft tube. In order to achieve the purpose of light chassis weight, the development of aluminum alloy transmission shafts and steel/aluminum dissimilar material transmission shafts is urgent.
At present, aluminum alloy transmission shafts based on rotary friction welding are developed, the quality of welding seams of the transmission shafts is not stable enough, the coaxiality of a shaft yoke and a shaft tube after welding is poor, a circle of flash formed due to friction deformation is left at the welding seams, the invalid weight and the dynamic balance instability of the transmission shafts are increased, and the appearance quality of the transmission shafts is reduced. Especially for a transmission shaft tube with a large diameter-thickness ratio, the technical indexes such as coaxiality and straightness of the shaft yoke and the shaft tube are difficult to ensure by rotary friction welding. No public report is found on the steel/aluminum dissimilar material transmission shaft suitable for large torque and high fatigue and the welding process thereof.
The friction stir welding technology is used as a solid phase welding technology, materials on two sides of a welding seam are stirred and mixed by means of friction between a stirring head rotating at a high speed and a workpiece to be welded, the welding seam is formed under the pressure of the stirring head, the heat effect in the process is small, the friction stir welding technology is suitable for connection of heat sensitive materials and heterogeneous materials, and the solid phase welding technology has a good application prospect. For the welding of the transmission shaft circular welding line, the friction stir welding acts on the shaft yoke and the shaft tube to connect the outer circular surface, the problems that the welding joint of the thin-wall large-diameter shaft tube and the shaft yoke is softened, the coaxiality is difficult to control and the like are hopefully solved, and the comprehensive manufacturing cost can be reduced. Until now, no public report on a vehicle transmission shaft welded by a friction stir welding process has been found.
Disclosure of Invention
The main technical problems to be solved by the invention include: in the welding process of the novel vehicle transmission shaft made of high-strength aluminum alloy and steel/aluminum dissimilar materials, a welded joint is easy to weaken, and performance indexes such as coaxiality of a shaft yoke and a shaft tube are difficult to guarantee.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a novel transmission shaft comprises a shaft yoke and a shaft tube, wherein the shaft yoke and the shaft tube are connected in a welding mode; the connecting end of the shaft yoke and the shaft tube is provided with a lap step, a tangential small boss is arranged on the excircle of the shaft yoke close to the lap step, and the shaft tube is sleeved on the lap step of the shaft yoke.
Preferably, the shaft tube is an aluminum alloy shaft tube, and the shaft yoke is an aluminum alloy shaft yoke or a steel shaft yoke.
Preferably, when the shaft yoke is a steel shaft yoke, a guide groove is preset on a small boss of the steel shaft yoke.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy shaft yoke is a forged aluminum piece, the steel shaft yoke is forged steel or a steel casting, and the aluminum alloy shaft tube is a high-frequency welded tube with a large diameter-thickness ratio.
Preferably, the welding means used is friction stir welding.
A friction stir welding process of the novel transmission shaft comprises the following welding processes: the shaft yoke and the shaft tube are welded by an automatic friction stir welding machine, a stirring pin on a stirring head rotating at a high speed is pressed and welded from the center of an overlapping annular welding line near the tangent point of a small boss, after the overlapping annular welding line is welded, the stirring head deflects and moves to the small boss, and the stirring pin is finally pulled out of the welding line from the small boss to complete the friction stir welding of the shaft yoke and the shaft tube.
Further, after the shaft yoke and the shaft tube are welded in a friction stir mode, turning is conducted on the outer circle of a welding line of the transmission shaft, a small boss with a pinhole or a guide groove is removed, and welding of the novel transmission shaft is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention solves the problem of weakening the welding joint of the high-strength aluminum alloy and steel/aluminum dissimilar material transmission shaft, and systematically solves the problems of high-efficiency and stable welding of the aluminum alloy and steel/aluminum transmission shaft from the aspects of transmission shaft part structures and friction stir welding process paths.
(2) The strength of the aluminum alloy transmission shaft of the friction stir welding is improved by 20-30% compared with the strength of the traditional rotary friction welding and argon arc welding, and reaches more than 90% of the strength of the aluminum alloy shaft tube; provides a feasible technical path for welding the steel/aluminum dissimilar material transmission shaft.
(3) The aluminum alloy high-frequency welded pipe is adopted to replace the traditional aluminum alloy extruded pipe, the problem of dimensional accuracy of the transmission shaft pipe with the large diameter-thickness ratio is solved, the performance index of the novel vehicle transmission shaft is further improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel transmission shaft provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a novel transmission shaft and a friction stir welding process path thereof.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a shaft yoke; 2. an axle tube; 3. lapping steps; 4. a small boss; 5. an annular weld; 6. a guide groove (or a pinhole); 7. a stirring head; 8. a stirring pin.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a novel transmission shaft, which comprises a shaft yoke 1 and a shaft tube 2, wherein the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 are connected in a welding mode; the link of shaft yoke 1 and central siphon 2 is equipped with overlap joint step 3, shaft yoke 1 is equipped with a little boss in tangential 4 on closing to the excircle of overlap joint step 3, and central siphon 2 cup joints on the overlap joint step 3 of shaft yoke 1.
Specifically, the shaft tube 2 is an aluminum alloy shaft tube, and the shaft yoke 1 is an aluminum alloy shaft yoke or a steel shaft yoke.
Specifically, when the shaft yoke 1 is a steel shaft yoke, a guide groove 6 is preset on the small boss 4 of the steel shaft yoke.
Specifically, the aluminum alloy shaft yoke is a forged aluminum piece, the steel shaft yoke is forged steel or a steel casting, and the aluminum alloy shaft tube is a high-frequency welded tube with a large diameter-thickness ratio.
Specifically, the welding method used is friction stir welding.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention also discloses a friction stir welding process of the novel transmission shaft, which comprises the following welding processes: the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 are welded by an automatic friction stir welding machine, a stirring pin 8 on a stirring head 7 rotating at a high speed is pressed down from the center of a lap joint annular welding line 5 near the tangent point of a small boss 4 for welding, after the lap joint annular welding line 5 is welded, the stirring head 7 deflects and moves to the small boss 4, the stirring pin 8 is finally pulled out of the welding line from the small boss 4, and the friction stir welding of the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 is completed.
After the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 are subjected to friction stir welding, turning is carried out on the outer circle of a welding line of the transmission shaft, a small boss 4 with a pinhole or a guide groove is removed, and welding of the novel transmission shaft is completed.
Examples
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
1. shaft yoke structural design:
as shown in fig. 1, a novel transmission shaft is formed by welding an aluminum alloy shaft yoke (or a steel shaft yoke) 1 and an aluminum alloy shaft tube 2, and the welding process is a friction stir welding process. The design of the link of shaft yoke 1 and central siphon 2 has overlap joint step 3, and the design has a little boss of tangential 4 (wherein preset the guide way 6 on the little boss 4 of steel shaft yoke) on the excircle that shaft yoke 1 closes on overlap joint step 3, and central siphon 2 cup joints on the overlap joint step 3 of shaft yoke 1.
2. The friction stir welding process comprises the following steps:
as shown in figure 2, the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 are welded by an automatic friction stir welding machine, a stirring pin 8 on a stirring head 7 rotating at a high speed is pressed down from the center of the lap annular welding line 5 near the tangent point of the small boss 4 for welding, after the lap annular welding line 5 is welded, the stirring head 7 deflects and moves to the small boss 4, and finally the stirring pin 8 is pulled out of the welding line from the small boss 4, so that the friction stir welding of the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 is completed.
3. Machining after welding:
after the friction stir welding of the shaft yoke 1 and the shaft tube 2 is completed, the outer circle of the welding line of the transmission shaft needs to be turned, and the small boss 4 with the pinhole (or the guide groove) 6 is removed, so that the welding of the novel high-strength aluminum alloy transmission shaft made of the gold and steel/aluminum dissimilar material is completed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (7)
1. A novel transmission shaft is characterized in that: the shaft yoke comprises a shaft yoke (1) and a shaft tube (2), wherein the shaft yoke (1) and the shaft tube (2) are connected in a welding mode; the connecting end of shaft yoke (1) and central siphon (2) is equipped with overlap joint step (3), be equipped with a tangential little boss (4) on the excircle that shaft yoke (1) closes on overlap joint step (3), central siphon (2) cup joint on overlap joint step (3) of shaft yoke (1).
2. A new propeller shaft as defined in claim 1, wherein: the shaft tube (2) is an aluminum alloy shaft tube, and the shaft yoke (1) is an aluminum alloy shaft yoke or a steel shaft yoke.
3. A new propeller shaft according to claim 2 further including: when the shaft fork (1) is a steel shaft fork, a guide groove (6) is preset on the small boss (4) of the steel shaft fork.
4. A new propeller shaft according to claim 2 further including: the aluminum alloy shaft yoke is a forged aluminum piece, the steel shaft yoke is forged steel or a steel casting, and the aluminum alloy shaft tube is a high-frequency welded tube with a large diameter-thickness ratio.
5. A new propeller shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the welding mode is friction stir welding.
6. A novel friction stir welding process for a drive shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the welding process is as follows: the shaft yoke (1) and the shaft tube (2) are welded by an automatic friction stir welding machine, a stirring pin (8) on a stirring head (7) rotating at a high speed is pressed down from the center of an overlapping annular welding line (5) near a tangent point of a small boss (4) for welding, after the overlapping annular welding line (5) is welded, the stirring head (7) deflects and moves to the small boss (4), and the stirring pin (8) is finally pulled out of the welding line from the small boss (4) to complete the friction stir welding of the shaft yoke (1) and the shaft tube (2).
7. The friction stir welding process of a novel transmission shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: after friction stir welding is completed on the shaft yoke (1) and the shaft tube (2), turning is performed on the outer circle of a welding line of the transmission shaft, a small boss (4) with a pinhole or a guide groove is removed, and welding of the novel transmission shaft is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911409965.5A CN111059135A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Novel transmission shaft and friction stir welding process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911409965.5A CN111059135A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Novel transmission shaft and friction stir welding process thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111059135A true CN111059135A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911409965.5A Pending CN111059135A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Novel transmission shaft and friction stir welding process thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111059135A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111853042A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-30 | 湖北省丹江口丹传汽车传动轴有限公司 | Aluminum alloy transmission shaft assembly with composite structure and production method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050051599A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-10 | Halla Climate Control Corporation | Friction stir welding apparatus of piston for swash plate type compressor with variable capacity |
| US20080023527A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-31 | Gerhard Brenninger | Method of permanently joining components formed from metallic materials |
| CN102672341A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-19 | 铃木株式会社 | Friction stir welding method and welding jig used therefor |
| CN104994987A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社友信Emc | Hybrid drive shaft using friction-stir welding and fabrication method thereof |
| CN109441965A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-08 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | A kind of aluminium driving shaft |
| CN110280872A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-27 | 上海工程技术大学 | Automatic welding equipment and welding method applied to large scale Invar steel mold |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911409965.5A patent/CN111059135A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050051599A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-10 | Halla Climate Control Corporation | Friction stir welding apparatus of piston for swash plate type compressor with variable capacity |
| US20080023527A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-31 | Gerhard Brenninger | Method of permanently joining components formed from metallic materials |
| CN102672341A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-19 | 铃木株式会社 | Friction stir welding method and welding jig used therefor |
| CN104994987A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社友信Emc | Hybrid drive shaft using friction-stir welding and fabrication method thereof |
| US20150345540A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-12-03 | Woo Shin Emc Co., Ltd | Hybrid Drive Shaft Using Friction-Stir Welding and Fabrication Method Thereof |
| CN109441965A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-08 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | A kind of aluminium driving shaft |
| CN110280872A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-27 | 上海工程技术大学 | Automatic welding equipment and welding method applied to large scale Invar steel mold |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111853042A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-30 | 湖北省丹江口丹传汽车传动轴有限公司 | Aluminum alloy transmission shaft assembly with composite structure and production method thereof |
| CN111853042B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-02-19 | 湖北省丹江口丹传汽车传动轴有限公司 | Aluminum alloy transmission shaft assembly with composite structure and production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200424 |