CN111056810A - Preparation method of gypsum board - Google Patents
Preparation method of gypsum board Download PDFInfo
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- CN111056810A CN111056810A CN201911270419.8A CN201911270419A CN111056810A CN 111056810 A CN111056810 A CN 111056810A CN 201911270419 A CN201911270419 A CN 201911270419A CN 111056810 A CN111056810 A CN 111056810A
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- gypsum board
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a gypsum board. The invention emulsifies the industrial-grade white oil and then mixes the emulsified acrylic acid, and the fibrillated fiber pulp, the glass fiber, the PPE resin, the desulfurized gypsum powder, the fibrillated fiber pulp, the glass fiber and the modified emulsified oil are filled into a compression plate die and then are heated and pressed for bonding to obtain the gypsum board; the modified emulsified paraffin has carboxyl which can generate esterification reaction with hydroxyl in wood fiber, so that the water resistance and the strength of the gypsum board are improved, the gummed gypsum board takes melamine resin solution as gumming, is not easy to be corroded by moisture, has high fire resistance, has larger bond energy of industrial white oil as a main part of modified emulsified oil and is a hydrophobic group, and has lasting waterproof performance and wide application prospect under the micropore adsorption action of diatomite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a gypsum board.
Background
The gypsum board is one kind of inorganic heat insulating material, and has the advantages of light weight, heat insulating, sound isolating, shock resistance, recoverability, low cost, convenient construction, etc. and is one ideal heat insulating board. However, gypsum board is porous and gypsum crystals slowly dissolve in water, and are generally used in a humid environment for a period of time, so that on one hand, loose deformation causes strength reduction, and on the other hand, after water absorption, the thermal conductivity is increased, thereby reducing the heat insulation performance. The application of the gypsum heat-insulating board is limited due to the poor water resistance of gypsum, and in occasions with higher requirements on moisture resistance, such as building outer walls, the performance of the common heat-insulating gypsum board cannot meet the use requirements, so that the waterproof performance of the heat-insulating gypsum board needs to be improved.
The heat preservation principle of the gypsum material is that a large number of pores are formed in the material, and the pores are filled with air, so that the heat conduction performance of the gypsum material is reduced, the heat conduction coefficient of the material is reduced, and the heat preservation effect is achieved. There are two ways to increase porosity: (1) lightweight aggregate such as expanded perlite, polystyrene foam, etc. is added to the gypsum. A method of making lightweight gypsum board incorporating foam particles is reported. However, the expanded perlite has strong water absorption, is easy to pulverize, and has large volume shrinkage rate in slurry construction, so that the later strength of the product is small, and the thermal insulation performance is reduced, and the thermal insulation material prepared from the polystyrene foam has the defects of low temperature resistance, small strength, harmful gas generation in case of fire at high temperature, poor aging resistance, easy rebound in construction and the like. (2) Preparing the porous gypsum material by adopting a foaming method. Such as by adding organic additives such as surfactants. Water, surfactant and gypsum powder are rapidly stirred in a foaming machine, sufficient air is mixed in the foaming machine, foam slurry is passively formed, a porous gypsum material is obtained after hydration and hardening, and the preparation of the fluorgypsum foaming material is reported by adding a foaming agent and introducing the foaming agent into a special foaming machine for foaming.
Attempts have been made to improve the water resistance of gypsum boards by incorporating inorganic cementitious materials such that the gypsum-based material is converted from an air-setting cementitious material to a hydraulic cementitious material. Another method is to add organic waterproof material to form a waterproof film on the surface of gypsum, and a preparation method of the high-strength waterproof gypsum board is introduced, namely, the waterproof performance of the product is endowed by polymer emulsion.
The heat-insulating gypsum board has large porosity and is easy to absorb more water, so that the heat-insulating gypsum board has heat-insulating and waterproof functions, and related technologies are few at present. A high-strength water-proof gypsum block is prepared from the natural nano-class sepiolite powder and montmorillonite powder through reinforcing, reducing weight and hydrogen-contained silicon oil. A high-strength water-proof gypsum board is made up of polypropylene fibres and glass fibres through increasing strength, expanding pearlite, reducing volume weight, and polymer emulsion. The light, waterproof, fireproof and heat-insulating gypsum material is prepared by taking fluorgypsum as a main raw material and a plurality of additives. The light waterproof gypsum board is prepared from light filler expanded polystyrene, sulphoaluminate cement and an organosilicon waterproofing agent, but the added expanded polystyrene can release toxic gas under the high-temperature condition. The heat-insulating gypsum board belongs to a macroporous material and inevitably faces the problem of lower strength. One method of increasing the strength of gypsum board is to add reinforcing fibers.
At present, the technical problems of gypsum are as follows:
(1) the strength is low because of large pores, and most gypsum boards take β -hemihydrate gypsum as a raw material;
(2) certain gypsum heat-insulating materials still have certain potential safety hazards, which are mainly caused by poor safety of the composite materials or certain toxicity of the additives;
(3) gypsum boards are difficult to use for exterior walls or wet environments due to high water absorption. The current primary method of improving gypsum water resistance is to reduce porosity or modify the gypsum gelling system, which is directed to dense gypsum materials, contrary to the goal of pursuing high porosity, lightweight gypsum products.
Therefore, the invention provides the excellent gypsum board which has positive significance to the technical field of building material preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the existing organic foaming gypsum board has poor fire resistance and low strength, the density of the inorganic gelling gypsum board needs to be reduced through high porosity, the two gypsum boards have common moisture resistance and are easy to mildew in a humid environment, and the preparation method of the gypsum board is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a gypsum board is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
placing PPE resin, desulfurized gypsum powder, glass fiber and modified emulsified oil into a compression plate mold, then carrying out hot pressing for 40-50 min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.0-2.5 Mpa and the temperature is 140-160 ℃, taking out, placing into a coagulating bath for dipping for 40-45 min, taking out, washing with water and then with ethanol for 3-5 times, then placing into a melamine resin solution for dipping treatment, taking out, standing and air-drying to obtain a gypsum plate;
the preparation method of the modified emulsified oil comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting 350-400 mL of emulsion into a double-mouth flask with a stirrer, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding 3-5 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether into 100-120 mL of distilled water, stirring for 10-15 min to obtain water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 60-65 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-mouth flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at the rotating speed of 200-230 r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 40-45 min to obtain emulsified oil;
(2) taking 50-55 parts of emulsified oil, 0.8-1.0 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 40-50 parts of acrylic acid, putting the materials into a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, stirring and dispersing for 20-25 min, heating, raising the temperature, starting the stirrer, stirring and emulsifying at the rotating speed of 300-350 r/min for 20-30 min, dropwise adding 40-45 parts of a potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the three-neck flask at the dropping speed of 5-7 mL/min by using the dropping funnel, and stirring and reacting for 40-50 min after dropwise adding is finished to obtain modified emulsified oil;
the fibrillated fiber pulp is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) pouring 60-65 mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with an air duct, heating in an oil bath, adding urea into the three-neck flask, continuing heating to 130-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 10-12 g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min to obtain a product;
(2) pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into an oven with a set temperature of 200-210 ℃, curing and drying for 2-3 hours, then putting the tray into a mortar, grinding for 30-35 min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to a mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc grinder, and disc-grinding for 125-150 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp.
The main raw materials in the concrete preparation steps of the gypsum board comprise, by weight, 20-30 parts of PPE resin, 200-220 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 20-25 parts of glass fiber and 30-40 parts of modified emulsified oil.
In the concrete preparation steps of the gypsum board, the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine, ethylene glycol and the like in mass.
The coagulating bath in the concrete preparation step of the gypsum board is obtained by mixing a 45 mass percent sulfuric acid solution and a 35 mass percent sodium sulfate solution according to a volume ratio of 3: 1.
The emulsion in the specific preparation step (1) of the modified emulsified oil is obtained by mixing industrial white oil and distilled water according to a volume ratio of 1: 2.
The temperature of the modified emulsified oil in the reaction process in the specific preparation step (2) is controlled to be 70-75 ℃.
The specific preparation step (1) of the fibrillated fiber pulp controls the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8.
The temperature of the fibrillated fiber pulp is controlled to be 70-80 ℃ after the temperature of the oil bath is raised in the specific preparation step (1).
The specific preparation step (2) of the fibrillated fiber pulp is that the mixing mass ratio of the softwood pulp, the hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler is 5: 3: 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention emulsifies industrial white oil, then mixes the emulsified white oil with emulsified acrylic acid, adds initiator for heating reaction to obtain modified emulsified oil, mixes phosphoric acid and urea for mixing reaction, then mixes with diatomite for heat preservation and compounding, obtains composite fireproof filler through drying and grinding, mixes softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and composite fireproof filler according to a certain mass ratio, obtains fibrillated fiber pulp through disc grinding, fills the fibrillated fiber pulp and glass fiber, PPE resin, desulfurized gypsum powder, fibrillated fiber pulp, glass fiber and modified emulsified oil into a compression plate mould, and obtains gypsum board through pressure bonding. The fireproof gypsum board is fibrillated by a disc mill to form a compact fibrillated fiber net, the exposed surface area of silicon dioxide is increased, the fireproof performance is improved, ammonium polyphosphate is easily decomposed by heating to generate phosphoric acid so as to dehydrate fibers, a solid phase layer of firm hard shells can be further generated, the polyphosphoric acid or polymetaphosphoric acid covers the surfaces of the fibers, the reactions can promote carbonization of the paper fibers to cause incomplete oxidation of pyrolysis products, meanwhile, ammonia, water vapor and the like generated by decomposition of the ammonium polyphosphate can generate a fireproof effect in a gas phase, the proceeding of gas phase combustion of the paper fiber decomposition products is inhibited, the release amount of carbon monoxide is aggravated, and the fireproof performance of the gypsum board is;
(2) the invention uses polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether emulsified oil as raw material to obtain emulsified oil, the emulsified oil and acrylic monomer are emulsified under the initiation of potassium thiosulfate to obtain modified emulsified oil, the tiny liquid drops of paraffin are uniformly distributed in wood pulp fiber, after wet forming, the modified emulsified oil is pressed on the surface of fiber to block the water from entering, carboxyl in the modified emulsified paraffin can be esterified with hydroxyl in wood fiber, the distance between wood pulp fibers is shortened, and the invention also enables violent reaction
The content of exposed hydroxyl is reduced, so that the water resistance and the strength of the gypsum board are improved, the gum-dipped gypsum board is prepared by taking a melamine resin solution as gum dipping, the gum dipping polarity is weak, the gum dipping is not easy to be corroded by moisture, melamine does not contain carbon, the fire resistance is high, the melamine is directly decomposed and sublimated under a high-temperature condition, so that a large amount of smoke is not generated when the gypsum board is combusted, the main part of industrial white oil of the modified emulsified oil is of a straight-chain alkane structure, a large amount of methyl and methylene exist, the bond energy of the methyl and methylene is large and is a hydrophobic group, the improvement of the waterproof performance is facilitated, the industrial white oil is stored in the gypsum board under the micropore adsorption effect of diatomite, and cannot seep out, so.
Detailed Description
Mixing industrial-grade white oil and distilled water according to a volume ratio of 1: 2 to obtain emulsion, placing 350-400 mL of emulsion in a double-mouth flask with a stirrer, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding 3-5 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether into 100-120 mL of distilled water, stirring for 10-15 min to obtain water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 60-65 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-mouth flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at a rotating speed of 200-230 r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 40-45 min to obtain emulsified oil; according to the weight parts, 50-55 parts of emulsified oil, 0.8-1.0 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 40-50 parts of acrylic acid are placed in a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, stirred and dispersed for 20-25 min, heated to 70-75 ℃, started to stir and emulsify for 20-30 min at the rotating speed of 300-350 r/min, 40-45 parts of potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% is dripped into the three-neck flask at the dripping speed of 5-7 mL/min by using the dropping funnel, and stirred and reacted for 40-50 min after dripping is finished, so that modified emulsified oil is obtained; pouring 60-65 mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with an air duct, heating in an oil bath to 70-80 ℃, adding urea into the three-neck flask, controlling the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8, continuing heating to 130-135 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 10-12 g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min to obtain a product; pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into a drying oven with a set temperature of 200-210 ℃, curing and drying for 2-3 hours, then putting the tray into a mortar, grinding for 30-35 min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to a mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc grinder, and disc-grinding for 125-150 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp; according to the weight parts, 20-30 parts of PPE resin, 200-220 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 20-25 parts of glass fiber and 30-40 parts of modified emulsified oil are filled into a compression plate mold, then hot-pressed for 40-50 min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.0-2.5 Mpa and the temperature is 140-160 ℃, taken out and placed into a coagulation bath for dipping for 40-45 min, then taken out, washed by water and then by ethanol for 3-5 times, then placed into a melamine resin solution for gum dipping treatment, taken out and then placed and air-dried to obtain the gypsum board, wherein the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine and ethylene glycol in mass, and the coagulation bath is prepared by mixing a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 45% and a sodium sulfate solution with the mass fraction of 35% in a volume ratio of 3: 1.
Example 1
Preparation of emulsified oil:
mixing industrial-grade white oil and distilled water according to a volume ratio of 1: 2 to obtain an emulsion, placing 350mL of the emulsion in a double-neck flask with a stirrer, heating to 50 ℃, adding 3g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether into 100mL of distilled water, stirring for 10min to obtain a water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 60 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-neck flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at a rotating speed of 200r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 40min to obtain emulsified oil;
preparing modified emulsified oil:
according to the weight parts, 50 parts of emulsified oil, 0.8 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 40 parts of acrylic acid are placed in a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, the mixture is stirred and dispersed for 20min, the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, the stirrer is started to stir and emulsify for 20min at the rotating speed of 300r/min, 40 parts of potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% is dripped into the three-neck flask by the dropping funnel at the dripping speed of 5mL/min, and after the dripping is finished, the mixture is stirred and reacts for 40min to obtain the modified emulsified oil;
preparation of the product:
pouring 60mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with a gas-guide tube, heating in an oil bath to 70 ℃, adding urea into the three-neck flask, controlling the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8, continuing heating to 130 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 10g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and keeping the temperature for 20min to obtain a product;
preparation of fibrillated fibrous pulp:
pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into an oven with a set temperature of 200 ℃, curing and drying for 2h, then putting the tray into a mortar for grinding for 30min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to a mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc grinder for disc grinding for 125 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp;
preparing a gypsum board:
according to the weight parts, 20 parts of PPE resin, 200 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 20 parts of glass fiber and 30 parts of modified emulsified oil are filled into a compression plate mold, then hot-pressed for 40min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.0Mpa and the temperature is 140 ℃, taken out and placed into a coagulating bath for dipping for 40min, taken out, washed by water and then by ethanol for 3 times, then placed into a melamine resin solution for gum dipping treatment, taken out and placed statically and air-dried to obtain the gypsum board, wherein the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine, ethylene glycol and the like in mass, and the coagulating bath is prepared by mixing a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 45% and a sodium sulfate solution with the mass fraction of 35% in a volume ratio of 3: 1.
Example 2
Preparation of emulsified oil:
mixing industrial-grade white oil and distilled water according to a volume ratio of 1: 2 to obtain an emulsion, placing 375mL of the emulsion in a double-neck flask with a stirrer, heating to 52.5 ℃, adding 4g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether into 110mL of distilled water, stirring for 12.5min to obtain a water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 62.5 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-neck flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at a rotating speed of 215r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 42.5min to obtain emulsified oil;
preparing modified emulsified oil:
putting 52.5 parts of emulsified oil, 0.9 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 45 parts of acrylic acid in a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, stirring and dispersing for 22.5min, heating to 72.5 ℃, starting the stirrer, stirring and emulsifying at the rotating speed of 325r/min for 25min, dropwise adding 42.5 parts of potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the three-neck flask at the dropping speed of 6mL/min by using the dropping funnel, and stirring and reacting for 45min after dropwise adding is finished to obtain modified emulsified oil;
preparation of the product:
pouring 62.5mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with a gas-guide tube, heating in an oil bath to 75 ℃, adding urea into the three-neck flask, controlling the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8, continuing heating to 132.5 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 11g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and keeping the temperature for 25min to obtain a product;
preparation of fibrillated fibrous pulp:
pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into an oven with a set temperature of 205 ℃, curing and drying for 2.5h, then putting the tray into a mortar for grinding for 32.5min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to the mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc mill for disc milling for 137.5 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp;
preparing a gypsum board:
according to the weight parts, 25 parts of PPE resin, 210 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 22.5 parts of glass fiber and 35 parts of modified emulsified oil are filled into a compression plate mold, then hot-pressed for 45min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.25Mpa and the temperature is 150 ℃, taken out and placed into a solidification bath to be soaked for 42.5min, then taken out, washed by water and then washed by ethanol for 4 times, then placed into a melamine resin solution to be treated by gum dipping, taken out and placed still for air drying to obtain the gypsum plate, wherein the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine, ethylene glycol and the like in mass, and the solidification bath is prepared by mixing a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 45% and a sodium sulfate solution with the mass fraction of 35% in a volume ratio of 3: 1.
Example 3
Preparation of emulsified oil:
mixing industrial-grade white oil and distilled water according to a volume ratio of 1: 2 to obtain an emulsion, placing 400mL of the emulsion in a double-neck flask with a stirrer, heating to 55 ℃, adding 5g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether into 120mL of distilled water, stirring for 15min to obtain a water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 65 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-neck flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at a rotating speed of 230r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 45min to obtain emulsified oil;
preparing modified emulsified oil:
putting 55 parts of emulsified oil, 1.0 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 50 parts of acrylic acid in a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, stirring and dispersing for 25min, heating to 75 ℃, starting the stirrer, stirring and emulsifying for 30min at the rotating speed of 350r/min, dropwise adding 45 parts of potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the three-neck flask at the dropping speed of 7mL/min by using the dropping funnel, and stirring and reacting for 50min after dropwise adding is finished to obtain modified emulsified oil;
preparation of the product:
pouring 65mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with a gas guide pipe, heating in an oil bath to 80 ℃, adding urea into the three-neck flask, controlling the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8, continuing heating to 135 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 12g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and preserving heat for 30min to obtain a product;
preparation of fibrillated fibrous pulp:
pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into a drying oven with a set temperature of 210 ℃, curing and drying for 3h, then putting the tray into a mortar for grinding for 35min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to the mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc grinder for disc grinding for 150 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp;
preparing a gypsum board:
according to the weight parts, 30 parts of PPE resin, 220 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 25 parts of glass fiber and 40 parts of modified emulsified oil are filled into a compression plate mold, then hot-pressed for 50min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.5Mpa and the temperature is 160 ℃, taken out and then placed into a coagulating bath to be soaked for 45min, then taken out, washed by water and then by ethanol for 5 times, then placed into a melamine resin solution to be treated by gum dipping, taken out and placed still for air drying to obtain the gypsum board, wherein the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine, ethylene glycol and the like in mass, and the coagulating bath is prepared by mixing a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 45% and a sodium sulfate solution with the mass fraction of 35% according to the volume ratio of 3: 1.
Comparative example 1 was prepared essentially the same as example 1 except for the absence of the modified emulsified oil.
Comparative example 2 was prepared substantially the same as example 1 except for the absence of fibrillated fibrous pulp.
Comparative example 3 gypsum board manufactured by thoroughfare certain company.
The gypsum boards of the present invention and comparative examples were tested for their performance, and the results are shown in table 1:
the detection method comprises the following steps:
the flexural strength is tested according to the standard GB/T9775-2008.
The bending breaking load was measured with reference to the standard JC/T997-2006.
And (4) detecting the damp deflection by referring to a standard JC/T997-2006.
And the stability time in fire is detected by referring to the standard GB/T9775-2008.
The national standard GB8624-97 in China classifies the combustion performance of building materials into the following grades:
a level: incombustible building material: a material that burns little.
Level B1: flame-retardant building materials: the flame-retardant material has better flame-retardant effect. It is difficult to ignite in the air when meeting open fire or under the action of high temperature, is not easy to spread quickly, and can be immediately stopped after the fire source is removed.
Level B2: combustible building materials: the combustible material has a certain flame-retardant effect. When meeting open fire or under the action of high temperature, the fire can be immediately ignited and burnt in the air, and the fire is easy to spread, such as wood columns, wood roof trusses, wood beams, wood stairs and the like.
Level B3: flammable building materials: has no flame retardant effect, is extremely easy to burn and has great fire hazard.
The water absorption expansion rate is detected according to the standard GB/T9775-2008.
And (3) blackening and mildew resistance detection: equal amounts of the gypsum boards of the examples and comparative examples were placed in an atmosphere having a temperature of 22 ℃ and a relative air humidity of 80%, and the surfaces were observed for mold and blackening after being left for 5 days.
TABLE 1 Gypsum Board Property measurement results
As can be seen from the table 1, the gypsum board prepared by the invention has high breaking strength and high fire-proof grade, is not easy to damp and mildew in a humid environment, and has wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of the invention is to be construed in all aspects and as broadly as possible, and all changes, equivalents and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a gypsum board is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
placing PPE resin, desulfurized gypsum powder, glass fiber and modified emulsified oil into a compression plate mold, then carrying out hot pressing for 40-50 min under the conditions that the pressure is 2.0-2.5 Mpa and the temperature is 140-160 ℃, taking out, placing into a coagulating bath for dipping for 40-45 min, taking out, washing with water and then with ethanol for 3-5 times, then placing into a melamine resin solution for dipping treatment, taking out, standing and air-drying to obtain a gypsum plate;
the preparation method of the modified emulsified oil comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting 350-400 mL of emulsion into a double-mouth flask with a stirrer, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding 3-5 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether into 100-120 mL of distilled water, stirring for 10-15 min to obtain water emulsion, preheating the water emulsion to 60-65 ℃, adding the water emulsion into the double-mouth flask, starting the stirrer, stirring at the rotating speed of 200-230 r/min, and stirring and emulsifying for 40-45 min to obtain emulsified oil;
(2) taking 50-55 parts of emulsified oil, 0.8-1.0 part of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 40-50 parts of acrylic acid, putting the materials into a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, stirring and dispersing for 20-25 min, heating, raising the temperature, starting the stirrer, stirring and emulsifying at the rotating speed of 300-350 r/min for 20-30 min, dropwise adding 40-45 parts of a potassium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the three-neck flask at the dropping speed of 5-7 mL/min by using the dropping funnel, and stirring and reacting for 40-50 min after dropwise adding is finished to obtain modified emulsified oil;
the fibrillated fiber pulp is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) pouring 60-65 mL of 0.4mol/L phosphoric acid solution into a three-neck flask with an air duct, heating in an oil bath, adding urea into the three-neck flask, continuing heating to 130-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, stopping heating, adding 10-12 g of diatomite into the three-neck flask, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min to obtain a product;
(2) pouring the product into a tray, transferring the tray into an oven with a set temperature of 200-210 ℃, curing and drying for 2-3 hours, then putting the tray into a mortar, grinding for 30-35 min to obtain a composite fireproof filler, mixing softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler according to a mass ratio of 5: 3: 1 to obtain mixed wood pulp, and putting the mixed wood pulp into a disc grinder, and disc-grinding for 125-150 times to obtain fibrillated fiber pulp.
2. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the main raw materials in the concrete preparation steps of the gypsum board comprise, by weight, 20-30 parts of PPE resin, 200-220 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 20-25 parts of glass fiber and 30-40 parts of modified emulsified oil.
3. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: in the concrete preparation steps of the gypsum board, the melamine resin solution is prepared by compounding melamine, ethylene glycol and the like in mass.
4. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the coagulating bath in the concrete preparation step of the gypsum board is obtained by mixing a 45 mass percent sulfuric acid solution and a 35 mass percent sodium sulfate solution according to a volume ratio of 3: 1.
5. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the modified emulsion
The oil is prepared by mixing industrial white oil and distilled water at volume ratio of 1: 2.
6. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the modified emulsified oil in the reaction process in the specific preparation step (2) is controlled to be 70-75 ℃.
7. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the specific preparation step (1) of the fibrillated fiber pulp controls the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to urea to be 1: 1.8.
8. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the fibrillated fiber pulp is controlled to be 70-80 ℃ after the temperature of the oil bath is raised in the specific preparation step (1).
9. The method of making a gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the specific preparation step (2) of the fibrillated fiber pulp is that the mixing mass ratio of the softwood pulp, the hardwood pulp and the composite fireproof filler is 5: 3: 1.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115181333A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-14 | 烟台大学 | Green process for preparing carbon-based pigment filler from waste plastics |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115181333A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-14 | 烟台大学 | Green process for preparing carbon-based pigment filler from waste plastics |
| CN115181333B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-26 | 烟台大学 | Green technology for preparing carbon-based pigment and filler from waste plastics |
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