CN111056801A - Water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111056801A
CN111056801A CN201911403340.8A CN201911403340A CN111056801A CN 111056801 A CN111056801 A CN 111056801A CN 201911403340 A CN201911403340 A CN 201911403340A CN 111056801 A CN111056801 A CN 111056801A
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water
bottom layer
cement
waste
surface layer
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CN111056801B (en
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丁见鹏
童武兵
万红伶
李国栋
段大福
杨强
李冬梅
孙晓婷
李娇
杨浩
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Pangang Metallurgical Material Co ltd
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Pangang Metallurgical Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof. The integral water permeable brick is designed into a two-part structure, namely a surface layer part and a bottom layer part, wherein the two parts are formed by different ingredients, and the surface layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water which are matched in a certain proportion; the bottom layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water in a certain proportion. The arrangement of the surface layer and the bottom layer is formed by adopting different raw material formulas, so that not only are industrial solid wastes (waste ores and iron tailings) effectively utilized, but also various performance requirements of the water permeable brick can be met, and the effects of high water permeability, high strength, wear resistance and freezing resistance are achieved.

Description

Water permeable brick and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The water permeable brick is a brick capable of permeating water and breathing, has a strong water absorption function, and can discharge water to the ground when the brick body is full of water. In cities, the road surface paved with the permeable bricks can easily supplement resources for underground soil, is cleaner compared with the common cement theory, and reduces the environmental pollution caused by rainwater crossflow. The water permeable bricks can release moisture when the moisture on the ground surface is evaporated, so that the air humidity is increased, and a better growing environment is provided for the growth of urban plants. Therefore, the water permeable brick is a novel environment-friendly building material which is produced for solving the problem of urban surface hardening and maintaining urban ecological balance, and has the characteristics of water permeability, high strength, skid resistance and the like.
The ordinary water permeable brick mainly adopts quartz sand stone particles as a base material, ordinary cement as a gelatinizing agent, water is added into the base material, the mixture is fully stirred and then added into a model for extrusion forming, finally, the formed product is dried, and different dye additives are added to prepare the water permeable pavement bricks with different colors, and the water permeable pavement bricks are used for pedestrian walks, squares and the like in ordinary blocks. The high-grade porous concrete air brick is mainly made up by using granite and marble as aggregate, using high-strength cement and modified epoxy resin through the processes of gluing, stirring and press-forming, and is mainly used for sidewalks, squares and parking lots of municipal works, important projects and residential districts.
However, most of the existing water permeable bricks take quartz sand, granite and the like as main raw materials, and the resource consumption is high. The prior art proposes that industrial solid waste is used for producing the water permeable brick, but the industrial solid waste is used as a raw material, so that the performance of the water permeable brick is difficult to balance, various performance requirements of the water permeable brick are difficult to meet, and the formula design of the water permeable brick is very difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof. The water permeable brick provided by the invention utilizes industrial solid waste as a raw material, and can meet the performance requirements of the water permeable brick, so that the water permeable brick has the effects of high water permeability, high strength, wear resistance and freeze resistance.
The invention provides a water permeable brick, which comprises a surface layer brick body and a bottom layer brick body;
the surface layer brick body is formed by surface layer raw materials, and the bottom layer brick body is formed by bottom layer raw materials;
the surface layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000021
the bottom layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000022
the waste ore is iron ore waste stone and/or limestone ore waste stone.
Preferably, the cement is 425 Portland cement and/or 525 Portland cement.
Preferably, in the surface layer raw material, the particle size of the waste ore is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, in the bottom layer raw material, the waste ore comprises waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm and/or waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm.
Preferably, in the bottom layer raw material, the mass ratio of the waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm to the waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm is 20-50%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the surface layer raw material to the bottom layer raw material is 0.1: 5.9-2: 4.
Preferably, the cloth thickness of the surface layer brick body is 5-50 mm; the cloth thickness of the bottom layer brick body is 50-300 mm;
the additive is a coloring agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water permeable brick in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
a) mixing waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water to obtain surface layer slurry;
b) mixing waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water to obtain bottom layer slurry;
c) distributing the bottom layer slurry, and then carrying out primary pressing;
d) distributing surface layer slurry on the primarily pressed bottom layer slurry, and performing vibration hydraulic pressure to obtain a water permeable brick;
the step a) and the step b) are not limited in order.
Preferably, in the step c), the pressure of the initial pressure is 50-300 kn.
Preferably, in the step d), the hydraulic pressure is 50-400 kn.
The integral water permeable brick is designed into a two-part structure, namely a surface layer part and a bottom layer part, wherein the two parts are formed by different ingredients, and the surface layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water which are matched in a certain proportion; the bottom layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water in a certain proportion. The surface layer and the bottom layer are respectively formed by adopting the different raw material formulas, so that not only are industrial solid wastes (waste ores and iron tailings) effectively utilized, but also the wastes are reused, the environmental pollution is reduced, various performance requirements of the water permeable brick can be met, and the effects of high water permeability, high strength, wear resistance and freeze resistance are achieved, thus the environment-friendly water permeable brick is environment-friendly.
Test results show that the compressive strength of the water permeable brick provided by the invention is more than 30MPa, the wear resistance (grinding pit length) is less than 31mm, and the water permeability coefficient is 1.5 multiplied by 10-2cm/s or more and a frost resistance (compressive strength loss rate) of 13% or less.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a water permeable brick, which comprises a surface layer brick body and a bottom layer brick body;
the surface layer brick body is formed by surface layer raw materials, and the bottom layer brick body is formed by bottom layer raw materials;
the surface layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000031
the bottom layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000032
the waste ore is iron ore waste stone and/or limestone ore waste stone.
The integral water permeable brick is designed into a two-part structure, namely a surface layer part and a bottom layer part, wherein the two parts are formed by different ingredients, and the surface layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water which are matched in a certain proportion; the bottom layer raw materials comprise waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water in a certain proportion. The arrangement of the surface layer and the bottom layer is formed by adopting different raw material formulas, so that not only are industrial solid wastes (waste ores and iron tailings) effectively utilized, but also various performance requirements of the water permeable brick can be met, and the effects of high water permeability, high strength, wear resistance and freezing resistance are achieved.
According to the invention, the surface layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000041
in the invention, the waste ore is iron ore waste stone and/or limestone ore waste stone. The iron ore waste rock refers to solid waste in the mining process of the vanadium titano-magnetite mine; in some embodiments of the invention, the solid waste is solid waste in mining of vanadium titano-magnetite mines in Panzhihua areas. The limestone waste ore refers to solid waste in the process of limestone ore mining. In the invention, the waste ore is preferably waste ore with the granularity of 1-3 mm; specifically, the waste ore can be crushed and sieved in advance to obtain mineral aggregates with various granularity specifications such as 0-1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm, 5-10 mm and the like, and the waste ore with the granularity of 1-3 mm in a specific granularity range is used as aggregate of the surface layer.
In the invention, the using amount ratio of the waste ore is 78-81.2%; in some embodiments of the invention, the dosage ratio is 78%, 79.0%, 79.7%, 80.0%, or 81.2%.
In the present invention, the cement is preferably 425 portland cement and/or 525 portland cement. Cements can be divided into many different types, according to different divisions, for example into the following categories under the name of the main hydraulic substances: silicate cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, ferro-aluminate cement, fluoroaluminate cement, phosphate cement, other cements. The silicate cement can be divided into a plurality of types according to different ingredients: portland cement, which is generally called Portland cement abroad, is divided into P.I and P.II; ordinary portland cement, code P.O; portland slag cement with the code of P.S; pozzolanic portland cement, code number p.p; the fly ash portland cement with the code of P.F; other portland cements. The invention adopts the ordinary portland cement as the cementing material. Portland cement can be classified into different grades, and 425 Portland cement and/or 525 Portland cement is used in the present invention.
In the invention, the dosage ratio of the cement is 18-21.7%; in some embodiments of the invention, the dosage ratio is 18%, 19.7%, 20%, or 21.7%.
In the invention, the granularity of the silica fume is preferably 200-325 meshes. In the invention, the dosage ratio of the silica fume is 0-1%; in some embodiments of the invention, the dosage ratio is 0%, 0.5% or 1%.
In the present invention, the additive is preferably a coloring agent. The present invention is not particularly limited in the kind of the coloring agent, and may be a conventional coloring agent for water permeable bricks, which is well known to those skilled in the art. In the invention, the dosage ratio of the coloring agent is 0.1-0.5%. In some embodiments of the invention, the dosage ratio is 0.3%.
In the invention, the mass sum of the components except water in the surface layer raw material is 100%, the water consumption is additionally calculated, and water distribution is carried out by taking the cement consumption as a reference. In the invention, the water is preferably used in an amount such that the water-cement ratio is 0.23-0.29; in some embodiments of the invention, the water-to-cement ratio is 0.28. The water cement ratio refers to the weight ratio of water to cement.
In the invention, the surface layer raw material preferably comprises additional water besides the water used for controlling the water-cement ratio, and the additional water is mainly used for wetting waste ore aggregate during mixing; the mass ratio of the additional water to the waste ore is preferably 0.01-0.15%.
In the invention, the cloth thickness of the surface layer brick body is preferably 5-50 mm.
According to the invention, the bottom layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002347989170000051
in the invention, the waste ore is iron ore waste stone and/or limestone ore waste stone. In the invention, the waste ore preferably comprises waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm and/or waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm. Specifically, as described above, the waste ore may be crushed and sieved in advance to obtain mineral aggregates with various particle sizes of 0-1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm, 5-10 mm, etc., and the invention uses the waste ore with a particle size of 3-5 mm and the waste ore with a particle size of 5-10 mm as aggregates of the bottom layer.
In the invention, the consumption of the waste ore is 70-80%. In some embodiments of the invention, the usage ratio is 70%, 73%, 79% or 80%.
In the invention, when the waste ore is waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm and waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm, the using amount ratio of the waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm to the waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm is preferably 20-50%; in some embodiments of the invention, the dosage ratio is 75.6%.
In the present invention, the cement is preferably 425 portland cement and/or 525 portland cement.
In the invention, the dosage ratio of the cement is 20-22%. In some embodiments of the invention, the usage ratio is 20%, 21% or 22%.
In the invention, the iron tailings are wastes after mineral separation, in particular to solid wastes discharged after grinding iron ores and selecting useful components. In the invention, the granularity of the iron tailings is preferably 5-10 mm.
In the invention, the using amount ratio of the iron tailings is 0-10%; in some embodiments of the invention, the usage ratio is 0%, 5% or 10%.
In the invention, the sum of the mass of the components except water in the bottom layer raw material is 100%, the water consumption is additionally calculated, and water distribution is carried out by taking the cement consumption as a reference. In the invention, the water is preferably used in an amount such that the water-cement ratio is 0.23-0.29; in some embodiments of the invention, the water-to-cement ratio is 0.26.
In the invention, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer brick body is preferably 50-300 mm.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the surface layer raw material to the bottom layer raw material is preferably 0.1: 5.9-2: 4.
In the invention, the surface layer brick body and the bottom layer brick body correspond to the orientation of the brick body when being laid, wherein the surface layer brick body refers to the part of the brick body facing one side of the road surface, and the bottom layer brick body refers to the part of the brick body facing away from the road surface and towards the underground.
The permeable brick provided by the invention takes industrial solid waste 'waste ore' as aggregate, so that waste materials are changed into valuable things, and waste resources are reused; meanwhile, specific brick body design and formula design are carried out, specifically, the whole brick body is divided into a surface layer and a bottom layer, and the two parts respectively adopt different specific raw material formulas, so that the whole brick body achieves the effects of high water permeability, high strength, wear resistance and freeze resistance, meets various performance requirements of the water permeable brick, and can be paved on pavements such as sidewalks (bicycles), parks, school playgrounds, courts, parking lots and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water permeable brick in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
a) mixing waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water to obtain surface layer slurry;
b) mixing waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water to obtain bottom layer slurry;
c) distributing the bottom layer slurry, and then carrying out primary pressing;
d) distributing surface layer slurry on the primarily pressed bottom layer slurry, and performing vibration hydraulic pressure to obtain a water permeable brick;
the step a) and the step b) are not limited in order.
The types, the use amounts and the like of the waste ore, the cement, the silica fume, the additive, the iron tailings and the water are consistent with those in the technical scheme, and are not described in detail herein.
With respect to step a): the mixing process is preferably as follows: the waste ore and additional water are stirred and wetted, then cement and silica fume are added and stirred, and then water is added and stirred uniformly. Wherein, after the water is added in the last step, the stirring speed is preferably 5-25 r/min; the stirring time is preferably not less than 3min, and more preferably 3-5 min. And uniformly mixing the components to obtain the surface layer slurry.
With respect to step b): the mixing process is preferably as follows: the waste ore, the cement and the iron tailings are dry-mixed, and then water is added for wet mixing. Wherein the stirring speed of the dry mixing is preferably 5-25 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 5-8 min. The stirring speed of the wet mixing is preferably 5-25 r/min; the stirring time is preferably not less than 3.5min, and more preferably 3.5-5 min. And uniformly mixing the components to obtain bottom layer slurry.
With respect to step c): when distributing, firstly, arranging the bottom layer slurry, distributing the bottom layer slurry, and then carrying out initial pressing. In the invention, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer slurry is preferably 50-300 mm. The initial pressing is carried out by using a press machine, and the pressure of the initial pressing is preferably 50-300 kn; where KN is the nominal pressure and may be designated as KN.
With respect to step d): after the primary pressing, the surface layer slurry is distributed on the primary pressed bottom layer slurry, and then the vibration hydraulic pressure is carried out. In the invention, the cloth thickness of the surface layer slurry is preferably 5-50 mm. The pressure of the vibration hydraulic pressure is preferably 50-400 kn, and the vibration time is preferably 5-10 s; in some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic pressure is 8 s. And (4) after the material distribution and the compression molding, obtaining the water permeable brick.
In the present invention, it is preferable to perform curing after the cloth and the press molding. The curing conditions are not particularly limited, and the curing is performed according to conventional curing conditions well known to those skilled in the art, and in the curing process, materials in the brick body are fully subjected to hydration reaction, so that the properties such as the strength of the brick body are fully developed, and a finished brick body is obtained.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims. In the following examples, the molded brick body had a length of 300mm by a width of 180 mm.
In the following examples, the physical and chemical indexes of the raw materials used are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 physicochemical indices of the raw materials
Figure BDA0002347989170000071
Figure BDA0002347989170000081
Example 1
S1, adding 80% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (5-10 mm) and 20% of cement into a forced mixer, and dry-mixing for 1 min; then adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.28 according to the water-cement ratio) for 8min to obtain bottom layer slurry.
S2, adding 80% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (1-3 mm) into a stirrer, adding additional water (accounting for 0.10% of the aggregate), and fully stirring and wetting; then adding 19.7% of cement a and 0.3% of coloring agent, adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.26 according to the water-cement ratio) for 4min to obtain the surface layer slurry.
And S3, arranging a bottom material for primary pressing, then covering the cloth with the bottom material, and simultaneously performing vibration hydraulic pressure and vibration for 8S to obtain the water permeable brick.
Wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer slurry to the bottom layer slurry is 0.5: 6, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer is 90mm, and the initial pressure is 50 kn; the thickness of the fabric is 10mm, and the hydraulic pressure is 200 kn.
Example 2
S1, adding 34 percent (3-5 mm) of iron ore waste stone aggregate, 45 percent (5-10 mm) of iron ore waste stone aggregate and 21 percent of cement into a forced mixer, and dry-mixing for 1 min; then adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.28 according to the water-cement ratio) for 4min to obtain bottom layer slurry.
S2, adding 81.2% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (1-3 mm) into a stirrer, adding additional water (accounting for 0.10% of the aggregate), and fully stirring and wetting; then adding the cement a 18% and the coloring agent 0.3%, adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.26 according to the water-cement ratio) for 6min to obtain the surface layer slurry.
And S3, arranging a bottom material for primary pressing, then covering the cloth with the bottom material, and simultaneously performing vibration hydraulic pressure and vibration for 8S to obtain the water permeable brick.
Wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer slurry to the bottom layer slurry is 0.5: 6, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer is 45mm, and the initial pressure is 50 kn; the thickness of the fabric is 15mm, and the hydraulic pressure is 100 kn.
Example 3
S1, adding 73% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (5-10 mm), 5% of iron tailing screen material (3-5 mm) and 22% of cement into a forced mixer, and carrying out dry mixing for 1 min; then adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.28 according to the water-cement ratio) for 8min to obtain bottom layer slurry.
S2, adding 79% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (1-3 mm) into a stirrer, and adding additional water (accounting for 0.15% of the aggregate) for fully stirring and wetting; then adding 19.7 percent of cement b, 1 percent of silica fume and 0.3 percent of coloring agent, adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.26 according to the water-cement ratio) for 6min to obtain surface layer slurry.
And S3, arranging a bottom material for primary pressing, then covering the cloth with the bottom material, and simultaneously performing vibration hydraulic pressure and vibration for 8S to obtain the water permeable brick.
Wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer slurry to the bottom layer slurry is 0.5: 6, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer is 45mm, and the initial pressure is 50 kn; the thickness of the fabric is 15mm, and the hydraulic pressure is 100 kn.
Example 4
S1, adding 70% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (5-10 mm), 10% of iron tailing screen material (3-5 mm) and cement a 20% into a forced mixer, and carrying out dry mixing for 1 min; then adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.28 according to the water-cement ratio) for 8min to obtain bottom layer slurry.
S2, adding 79.7% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (1-3 mm) into a stirrer, adding additional water (accounting for 0.10% of the aggregate), and fully stirring and wetting; then adding the cement a 20% and the coloring agent 0.3%, adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.26 according to the water-cement ratio) for 6min to obtain the surface layer slurry.
And S3, arranging a bottom material for primary pressing, then covering the cloth with the bottom material, and simultaneously performing vibration hydraulic pressure and vibration for 8S to obtain the water permeable brick.
Wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer slurry to the bottom layer slurry is 0.5: 6, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer is 45mm, and the initial pressure is 50 kn; the thickness of the fabric is 15mm, and the hydraulic pressure is 100 kn.
Example 5
S1, adding 70% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (5-10 mm), 10% of iron tailing screen material (3-5 mm) and 20% of cement b into a forced mixer, and carrying out dry mixing for 1 min; then adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.28 according to the water-cement ratio) for 5min to obtain bottom layer slurry.
S2, adding 78% of iron ore waste stone aggregate (1-3 mm) into a stirrer, and adding additional water (accounting for 0.01% of the aggregate) for fully stirring and wetting; then adding 21.7% of cement b and 0.3% of coloring agent, adding water and stirring (the water adding amount is 0.26 according to the water-cement ratio) for 4min to obtain the surface layer slurry.
And S3, arranging a bottom material for primary pressing, then covering the cloth with the bottom material, and simultaneously performing vibration hydraulic pressure and vibration for 8S to obtain the water permeable brick.
Wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer slurry to the bottom layer slurry is 0.5: 6, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer is 45mm, and the initial pressure is 50 kn; the thickness of the fabric is 15mm, and the hydraulic pressure is 200 kn.
Example 6
The water permeable bricks obtained in the examples 1 to 5 were maintained at a humidity of 50% and a temperature of 30 ℃ for 28 days, and then various physical and chemical properties of the water permeable bricks were tested. See table 2 for results.
TABLE 2 physicochemical properties of the Water permeable bricks obtained in examples 1 to 5
Test items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Compressive strength, MPa 31 33 40.5 32 41
Abrasion resistance (pit length), mm 31 30 24 30 24
Water retention, g/cm2 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9
Water permeability coefficient, 15 ℃ cm/s 2.0×10-2 2.0×10-2 2.0×10-2 1.5×10-2 1.5×10-2
Freezing resistance (compressive strength loss rate)% 12 13 13 12 12
The performance of the test is tested according to the standard GB/T25993-2010.
The physicochemical indexes of the water permeable brick building material standard are shown in a table 3:
TABLE 3 physical and chemical indexes of water permeable brick building material
Name (R) Building material standard Cc40 Building material standard Cc30
Compressive strength, MPa ≥40 ≥30
Abrasion resistance (pit length), mm ≤35 ≤35
Water retention, g/cm2 ≥0.6 ≥0.6
Water permeability coefficient, 15 ℃ cm/s ≥1.0×10-2 ≥1.0×10-2
Freezing resistance (compressive strength loss rate)% ≤20 ≤20
The test results in table 2 show that the water permeable brick provided by the invention has high strength, high water permeability, high wear resistance and good freezing resistance, and reaches the building material standard Cc 30. Among them, examples 3 and 5 have better strength and wear resistance, and reach the building material standard Cc 40.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The permeable brick is characterized by comprising a surface layer brick body and a bottom layer brick body;
the surface layer brick body is formed by surface layer raw materials, and the bottom layer brick body is formed by bottom layer raw materials;
the surface layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002347989160000011
the bottom layer raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002347989160000012
the waste ore is iron ore waste stone and/or limestone ore waste stone.
2. The water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein the cement is 425 Portland cement and/or 525 Portland cement.
3. The water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein the grain size of the waste ore in the surface layer raw material is 1-3 mm.
4. The water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein the waste ore in the bottom layer raw material comprises waste ore with a particle size of 3-5 mm and/or waste ore with a particle size of 5-10 mm.
5. The water permeable brick according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the waste ore with the granularity of 3-5 mm to the waste ore with the granularity of 5-10 mm in the bottom layer raw material is 20-50%.
6. The water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer raw material to the bottom layer raw material is 0.1: 5.9-2: 4.
7. The water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cloth of the face brick body is 5-50 mm; the cloth thickness of the bottom layer brick body is 50-300 mm;
the additive is a coloring agent.
8. A preparation method of the water permeable brick of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) mixing waste ore, cement, silica fume, an additive and water to obtain surface layer slurry;
b) mixing waste ore, cement, iron tailings and water to obtain bottom layer slurry;
c) distributing the bottom layer slurry, and then carrying out primary pressing;
d) distributing surface layer slurry on the primarily pressed bottom layer slurry, and performing vibration hydraulic pressure to obtain a water permeable brick;
the step a) and the step b) are not limited in order.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pressure of the initial pressure in step c) is 50 to 300 kn.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hydraulic pressure in step d) is 50 to 400 kn.
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CN111704428A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-25 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 Iron tailing baking-free water permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN115872688A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-31 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 Method for preparing municipal environment-friendly water permeable brick by using black talc mine stripping waste rock and preparation method thereof
CN115925330A (en) * 2022-08-24 2023-04-07 商洛学院 Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof

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CN107572949A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-01-12 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 A kind of Total tailing barren rock water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN107620241A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-23 聂立武 A kind of water-permeable brick and its production technology
CN108191305A (en) * 2018-02-28 2018-06-22 攀钢冶金材料有限责任公司 A kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN109650777A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-19 佛山生态海绵城市科技发展有限公司 A kind of composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof

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CN107572949A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-01-12 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 A kind of Total tailing barren rock water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN107620241A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-23 聂立武 A kind of water-permeable brick and its production technology
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CN111704428A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-25 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 Iron tailing baking-free water permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN115925330A (en) * 2022-08-24 2023-04-07 商洛学院 Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof
CN115872688A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-31 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 Method for preparing municipal environment-friendly water permeable brick by using black talc mine stripping waste rock and preparation method thereof

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