CN111055089A - Method for machining steering front axle of underground tank car - Google Patents
Method for machining steering front axle of underground tank car Download PDFInfo
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- CN111055089A CN111055089A CN202010138501.1A CN202010138501A CN111055089A CN 111055089 A CN111055089 A CN 111055089A CN 202010138501 A CN202010138501 A CN 202010138501A CN 111055089 A CN111055089 A CN 111055089A
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- front axle
- steering
- spindle head
- joint surface
- supporting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of axles, and particularly relates to a method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car. The machining method avoids the problems that the deflection is large and the position degree of the shaft head changes during hot charging caused by machining the steering shaft head first and then welding the steering shaft head to the front axle shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of axles, and particularly relates to a method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car.
Background
The steering front axle of the underground tank car plays a role in transferring acting force between the frame and the front wheel in all directions and generating bending moment and torque in the whole tank car running process, and the steering spindle head is assembled in the front axle through a bearing and a main pin and connected with a steering knuckle, so that the steering front axle plays a very important role in steering and running of the tank car.
The technological route of the part of the steering spindle head is that forging or blanking of a steel plate is used as a blank, then a semi-finished product is formed by finish turning, and then the blank is subjected to hot assembly matching with a front axle shell through a welding seam cut of a shaft part and the spindle head and is welded into a whole axle blank. The steering shaft head is a part with an irregular shape, and is easy to process independently, but considering the large deformation in the welding process and the change of the position degree of the shaft head in the hot-loading process, the steering shaft head is suitable for processing the whole front axle. But because the two ends have the inclination angle of 7.5 degrees and the whole bridge is long, the whole processing difficulty is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car comprises the following processing steps:
firstly, welding steering shaft heads at two ends of a front axle shell, and finish-milling flange plates at two sides of the front axle shell;
fixing a positioning tool on a workbench of a machining center, wherein the positioning tool comprises an inclined plane I and an inclined plane II, the inclined plane I and the inclined plane II are connected into a whole and are upwards convex, and an included angle between the inclined plane I and the horizontal plane is 7.5 degrees; taking a flange plate on one side of a front axle shell as a positioning reference, fixing the flange plate with a 7.5-degree inclined plane I of a positioning tool, and supporting one end, far away from the flange plate, of the front axle shell by using a supporting tool I;
thirdly, milling a lower joint surface of the steering spindle head, finely boring a main pin hole from the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head to the direction of an upper joint surface of the steering spindle head, and chamfering the main pin hole on one side of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head;
fourthly, turning the steering front axle by 180 degrees in the vertical direction, supporting the steering front axle on the main pin hole by using a supporting tool II, milling an upper joint surface of the steering spindle head, and chamfering the main pin hole on one side of the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head;
fifthly, turning the steering front axle in the left-right direction by 180 degrees, taking a flange plate on the other side of the front axle shell as a positioning reference, fixing the flange plate with a 7.5-degree inclined plane I of a positioning tool, and supporting one end, far away from the flange plate, of the front axle shell by using a supporting tool I;
sixthly, finishing the processing of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head, the main pin hole and the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head in the same step three and step four;
and seventhly, placing the steering front axle on a rocker arm drilling machine, and drilling small pin holes on steering shaft heads on two sides of the steering front axle.
Further, the supporting tool I is an I-shaped supporting piece.
And seventhly, drilling small pin holes in steering shaft heads on two sides of the steering front axle by a scribing positioning method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the steering spindle head and the front axle shell are welded into a whole, firstly, finish milling flange plates on two sides of the front axle shell, and then, providing a positioning reference for subsequent processing of the steering spindle head by utilizing the processed plate surfaces of the flange plates on the two sides; the processed pin holes and threaded holes on the flange plate are fixed with a self-designed positioning tool, and then other supporting tools are assisted to achieve the purpose of supporting the whole steering front axle. The machining method avoids the problems that the deflection is large and the position degree of the shaft head changes during hot charging caused by machining the steering shaft head first and then welding the steering shaft head to the front axle shell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a steering spindle head according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the positioning tool of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steering front axle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the positioning tool of the present invention cooperating with a steering front axle;
in the figure, the front axle comprises a front axle shell 1, a flange plate 1-1, a flange plate 2, a steering shaft head 3, a positioning tool 3-1, inclined planes I, 3-11, mounting holes 3-12, bolt mounting holes I, 3-2, inclined planes II, 3-3, a bottom plate 3-31, bolt mounting holes II, 3-4, side plates 3-5 and a top plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car adopts a self-designed positioning tool 3 for auxiliary processing, the positioning tool 3 comprises a bottom plate 3-3, side plates 3-4 are vertically fixed on two sides of the bottom plate 3-3, a top plate 3-5 is arranged on the tops of the side plates 3-4 on the two sides of the bottom plate 3-3, an inclined surface I3-1 with an angle of 7.5 degrees is obliquely arranged on one side of the top plate 3-5 from the side edge towards the center direction of the top plate 3-5, an inclined surface II 3-2 is obliquely arranged on the side edge of the higher side of the inclined surface I3-1 or the side edge close to the higher side of the inclined surface I3-1 towards the direction far away from the inclined surface I3-1, and the inclined surface II 3-2 penetrates through the side; the middle part of the inclined plane I3-1 is provided with a positioning hole 3-11, and the inclined plane I3-1 is also provided with a bolt mounting hole I3-12; and bolt mounting holes II 3-31 are formed in the bottom plate 3-3.
The steering front axle comprises the following specific processing steps:
firstly, welding steering shaft heads 2 at two ends of a front axle housing 1, and finish-milling flange plates 1-1 at two sides of the front axle housing 1; and providing a positioning reference for subsequent processing of the steering spindle head 2 by using the processed plate surfaces of the flange plates 1-1 at the two sides.
And secondly, fixing a positioning tool 3 on a workbench of a machining center through bolt mounting holes II 3-31 on a bottom plate 3-3, taking a flange plate 1-1 on one side of a front axle shell 1 as a positioning reference, and fixing the flange plate 1-1 and a 7.5-degree inclined plane I3-1 of the positioning tool 3 by matching pin holes and threaded holes processed on the flange plate with positioning holes 3-11 and bolt mounting holes I3-12 on the positioning tool, wherein one end of the front axle shell 1, far away from the flange plate 1-1, is supported by a supporting tool I which can be an I-shaped supporting piece, and the supporting tool I is used for avoiding the other end of the whole axle from being suspended and generating larger stress on bolts for connecting the flange plate and the tool.
Thirdly, milling a lower joint surface of the steering spindle head 2 (as shown in fig. 1, a larger hole is a main pin hole, a smaller hole vertical to the main pin hole is a small pin hole, the position shown in fig. 1, an upper joint surface of the steering spindle head 2 positioned above the main pin hole, and a lower joint surface of the steering spindle head 2 positioned below the main pin hole), finely boring the main pin hole from the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head 2 to the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head 2, and chamfering the main pin hole positioned on one side of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head 2;
fourthly, turning the steering front axle by 180 degrees in the vertical direction, supporting the steering front axle on the main pin hole by using a supporting tool II, milling the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head 2, and chamfering the main pin hole on one side of the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head 2;
fifthly, turning the steering front axle by 180 degrees in the left-right direction, taking the flange plate 1-1 on the other side of the front axle shell 1 as a positioning reference, fixing the flange plate 1-1 and a 7.5-degree inclined surface I3-1 of a positioning tool 3, and supporting one end, far away from the flange plate 1-1, of the front axle shell 1 by using a supporting tool I;
sixthly, finishing the processing of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head 2, the main pin hole and the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head 2 in the same step three and step four;
and seventhly, placing the steering front axle on a rocker arm drilling machine, and drilling small pin holes in the steering shaft heads 2 on two sides of the steering front axle. The small pin holes can be drilled by a scribing positioning method.
After the steering spindle head and the front axle shell are welded into a whole, firstly, finish milling flange plates on two sides of the front axle shell, and then, providing a positioning reference for subsequent processing of the steering spindle head by utilizing the processed plate surfaces of the flange plates on the two sides; the processed pin holes and threaded holes on the flange plate are fixed with a self-designed positioning tool, and then other supporting tools are assisted to achieve the purpose of supporting the whole steering front axle. The machining method avoids the problems that the deflection is large and the position degree of the shaft head changes during hot charging caused by machining the steering shaft head first and then welding the steering shaft head to the front axle shell.
Claims (3)
1. A method for processing a steering front axle of an underground tank car is characterized by comprising the following processing steps:
firstly, welding steering shaft heads (2) at two ends of a front axle shell (1), and finish-milling flange plates (1-1) at two sides of the front axle shell (1);
secondly, fixing a positioning tool (3) on a workbench of a machining center, wherein the positioning tool (3) comprises an inclined plane I (3-1) and an inclined plane II (3-2), the inclined plane I (3-1) and the inclined plane II (3-2) are connected into a whole and are upwards convex, and an included angle between the inclined plane I (3-1) and the horizontal plane is 7.5 degrees; taking a flange plate (1-1) on one side of a front axle shell (1) as a positioning reference, fixing the flange plate (1-1) and a 7.5-degree inclined plane I (3-1) of a positioning tool (3), and supporting one end, far away from the flange plate (1-1), of the front axle shell (1) by using a supporting tool I;
thirdly, milling a lower joint surface of the steering spindle head (2), finely boring a main pin hole from the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head (2) to the direction of an upper joint surface of the steering spindle head (2), and chamfering the main pin hole positioned on one side of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head (2);
fourthly, turning the steering front axle by 180 degrees in the vertical direction, supporting the steering front axle on the main pin hole by using a supporting tool II, milling the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head (2), and chamfering the main pin hole on one side of the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head (2);
fifthly, turning the steering front axle by 180 degrees in the left-right direction, taking a flange plate (1-1) on the other side of the front axle shell (1) as a positioning reference, fixing the flange plate (1-1) with a 7.5-degree inclined surface I (3-1) of a positioning tool (3), and supporting one end, far away from the flange plate (1-1), of the front axle shell (1) by using a supporting tool I;
sixthly, finishing the processing of the lower joint surface of the steering spindle head (2), the main pin hole and the upper joint surface of the steering spindle head (2) in the same step three and step four;
and seventhly, placing the steering front axle on a rocker arm drilling machine, and drilling small pin holes in steering shaft heads (2) on two sides of the steering front axle.
2. The machining method for the steering front axle of the underground tank car as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting tool I is an I-shaped supporting member.
3. The method for processing the steering front axle of the underground tank car according to the claim 1, characterized in that small pin holes on the steering shaft heads (2) at the two sides of the steering front axle are drilled by a marking positioning method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010138501.1A CN111055089B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Method for machining steering front axle of underground tank car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010138501.1A CN111055089B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Method for machining steering front axle of underground tank car |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111055089A true CN111055089A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
| CN111055089B CN111055089B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010138501.1A Active CN111055089B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Method for machining steering front axle of underground tank car |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201483266U (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-05-26 | 福建畅丰车桥制造有限公司 | Main pin hole processing jig for front axle |
| CN201856103U (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-06-08 | 诸城市义和车桥有限公司 | Large circular arc surface positioning mechanism used for processing automobile front axle |
| CN102120301A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-07-13 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Method for processing front axle spindle hole by rotary tool |
| CN201907004U (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-07-27 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Rotary front axle spindle hole machining fixture |
| CN202219713U (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-05-16 | 仪征跃进车桥有限责任公司 | Front axle tube welding assembly |
| CN202239801U (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-30 | 安徽省合肥汽车锻件有限责任公司 | Drill clamp for main pin holes |
| CN202336746U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏高精机电装备有限公司 | Fixture for manufacturing main pin holes of fore axis |
| CN102773728A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-11-14 | 王庆 | Device of drill front shaft master pin hole |
| CN104493588A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 青岛海通车桥有限公司 | Overturning tool used for milling front axle fist plane and using method thereof |
| KR20190070486A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 정동석 | Method for making front axle housing |
-
2020
- 2020-03-03 CN CN202010138501.1A patent/CN111055089B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201483266U (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-05-26 | 福建畅丰车桥制造有限公司 | Main pin hole processing jig for front axle |
| CN201856103U (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-06-08 | 诸城市义和车桥有限公司 | Large circular arc surface positioning mechanism used for processing automobile front axle |
| CN102120301A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-07-13 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Method for processing front axle spindle hole by rotary tool |
| CN201907004U (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-07-27 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Rotary front axle spindle hole machining fixture |
| CN202219713U (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-05-16 | 仪征跃进车桥有限责任公司 | Front axle tube welding assembly |
| CN202239801U (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-30 | 安徽省合肥汽车锻件有限责任公司 | Drill clamp for main pin holes |
| CN202336746U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏高精机电装备有限公司 | Fixture for manufacturing main pin holes of fore axis |
| CN102773728A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-11-14 | 王庆 | Device of drill front shaft master pin hole |
| CN104493588A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 青岛海通车桥有限公司 | Overturning tool used for milling front axle fist plane and using method thereof |
| KR20190070486A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 정동석 | Method for making front axle housing |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111055089B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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