CN111053523B - 一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置 - Google Patents

一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置 Download PDF

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CN111053523B
CN111053523B CN202010095217.0A CN202010095217A CN111053523B CN 111053523 B CN111053523 B CN 111053523B CN 202010095217 A CN202010095217 A CN 202010095217A CN 111053523 B CN111053523 B CN 111053523B
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lambda
wavelength range
endoscope
optical system
imaging
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CN111053523A (zh
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毛荣壮
辜长明
李明治
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Qingdao O Mec Medical Technology Co ltd
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Qingdao O Mec Medical Technology Co ltd
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Priority to US16/936,313 priority patent/US11547288B2/en
Priority to DE102020122259.9A priority patent/DE102020122259A1/de
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Priority to EP21756827.8A priority patent/EP4106607A4/en
Priority to PCT/US2021/018405 priority patent/WO2021167999A1/en
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，属于微创医疗器械的技术领域，采用的方法是，同轴耦合一路近红外防雾照明光源进入内窥镜成像光学通道，将近红外光传输到前光学窗口片上，利用前光学窗口片的吸收特性，透射可见光同时吸收近红外光防雾照明光，使前光学窗口片的温度升高从而实现防雾的功能，同时设置截止片，能有效消除近红外杂光对图像质量的影响，具有无需改变内窥镜的照明光源，且共轴耦合模组适宜与摄像手柄或适配器集成，操作方便等优点，特别适宜应用于内窥镜系统中，实现防雾的功能。

Description

一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，属于微创医疗器械的技术领域。
背景技术
在采用硬性内窥镜系统的微创手术，尤其是腹腔镜手术中，由于人体内外温度的差异及人体内的潮湿环境，内窥镜前端保护窗口上起雾导致图像模糊是困扰了业界数十年的问题，至今没有太好的解决方案。
要实现防雾和除雾，最基本的方法是缩小内窥镜前部尤其是前端光学窗口片与人体温度的差异。为此，采用电加热的方法实现对内窥镜前端保护窗口的升温，从而达到防雾的目的，但此方法由于使内窥镜带电，在产品安全性上存在风险，因此没有得到普遍的应用。
利用内窥镜前端保护窗口材料的吸收特性，采用特定波长的光照射前端保护窗口实现温升达到防雾或除雾的目的是一种应用安全的方法。在申请号为201210324982.0的专利《一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置及方法》中描述了一种采用光加热的装置和方法，该发明所述的装置和方法能有效实现防雾的功能，但由于保护窗口的表面反射影响成像效果，影响了应用推广。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，改进背景技术所述专利方法引起的图像质量下降的缺点，采用的方法是：在传统内窥镜系统的基础上，增加一路近红外防雾照明光源，同轴合色耦合进入内窥镜成像光学通道，将近红外光传输到前光学窗口片上，利用前光学窗口片的吸收特性，透射可见光，保证术野白光照明，同时吸收特定波段的近红外光，而使前光学窗口片的温度升高，减小内窥镜前光学窗口片与人体的温度差，从而实现防雾功能。同时，在图像传感器前设置截止片，以消除近红外杂光对图像质量的影响。
现结合附图详细说明本发明的技术方案。
一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，含硬性内窥镜（1），适配器光学系统（2），图像传感器（3），硬性内窥镜（1）含前光学窗口片（11）和内窥镜光学系统（12），内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的成像波长范围为λ1～λ2(λ2>λ1),内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）共光轴，前光学窗口片（11）含能透射波长范围为λ1～λ2的光且在特定近红外波段具有较大吸收的光学材料，其特征在于，该装置还含共轴耦合模组（4）和截止片（5），共轴耦合模组（4）含半导体发光源（41），准直镜组（42），分色镜（43），半导体发光源（41）是一种发射近红外光的半导体光源，其发射波长范围为λ3～λ4(λ4>λ3)，且λ3>λ2,准直镜组（42）是对光束起汇聚作用的透镜组，半导体发光源（41）的发光面位于准直镜组（42）的焦平面附近，分色镜（43）含照明入射面（431），分色面（432），成像入射面（433），成像出射面（434），照明入射面（431）是防雾用近红外光在分色镜（43）上的入射面，分色面（432）是内窥镜系统成像光束的透射面，也是防雾用近红外光的反射面，成像入射面（433）是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组（4）上的入射面，成像出射面（434）是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组（4）上的出射面，光轴Z1是照明入射面（431）的中心与分色面（432）中心的连线，是防雾用近红外光在分色镜（43）上的入射光轴，光轴Z2是成像入射面（433）与分色面（432）的中心的连线，是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组（4）上的入射光轴，光轴Z3是内窥镜系统成像光束透射分色面（432）后的中心与成像出射面（434）的中心的连线，是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组（4）上的出射光轴，成像入射面（433）与成像出射面（434）平行，且都与照明入射面（431）垂直，分色面（432）与照明入射面（431）呈45°角，分色面（432）上镀制有反射波长范围λ3～λ4的光且透射波长范围λ1～λ2的光的分色膜，且反射光的方向朝向成像入射面（433），光轴Z1与准直镜组（42）的光轴重合，共轴耦合模组（4）位于内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）之间，或位于适配器光学系统（2）与图像传感器（3）之间，且光轴Z2与共轴耦合模组（4）之前的光学系统的光轴重合，光轴Z3与共轴耦合模组（4）之后的光学系统的光轴重合，截止片（5）是透射波长范围λ1～λ2的光且截止波长范围λ3～λ4的光的滤色片，截止片（5）位于共轴耦合模组（4）之后，图像传感器（3）之前，前光学窗口片（11）在波长范围为λ3～λ4内的吸收率大于10%，内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的光学零件在波长范围λ1～λ4内镀制增透膜。
本发明的技术方案的进一步技术特征在于，半导体发光源（41）是LED，LD或VCSEL，发射光功率≥1W。
本发明的技术方案的进一步技术特征在于，分色镜（43）是胶合棱镜或平面分色镜。
本发明的技术方案的进一步技术特征在于，截止片（5）在波长范围λ3～λ4内的透过率小于0.001%。
本发明的优点在于：利用成像通道共轴耦合加热用近红外光，能有效避免利用照明通道传输近红外光引起的白光表面反射导致的图像质量下降问题；无需改变内窥镜的照明光源，且共轴耦合模组适宜与摄像手柄或适配器集成，操作也更方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防雾内窥镜系统装置的结构示意图。
图2为实施例二的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一：本实施例具有与发明内容所述结构完全相同的结构，为避免重复，仅罗列关键数据。
半导体发光源（41）采用LD，发射波长范围805nm～810nm，发射光功率为1W，前光学窗口片（11）在波长范围805nm～810nm内的吸收率大于20%，内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的成像波长范围为400nm～700nm，内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的光学零件在波长范围400nm～810nm内镀制增透膜，分色镜（43）是胶合棱镜，分色面（432）上的分色膜在波长范围805nm～810nm内反射，在波长范围400nm～700nm内透射，共轴耦合模组（4）位于适配器光学系统（2）和图像传感器（3）之间，截止片（5）在波长范围400nm～700nm内透射，在805nm～810nm范围内透过率小于0.001%，截止片（5）位于共轴耦合模组（4）与图像传感器（3）之间。
工作原理为：由LD发出的波长为805nm～810nm近红外光经准直镜组（42）后，形成略发散的光束，发散的程度与内窥镜成像系统经过适配器光学系统（2）后的汇聚程度一致，该光束入射到分色面（432）上后，被反射后从成像入射面（433）出射，进入适配器光学系统（2），根据光路可逆的原理，这束近红外光通过适配器光学系统（2）和内窥镜光学系统（12）后将照射到前光学窗口片（11）上，经实验测试，1W的近红外光将有约0.5W照射到前光学窗口片（11）上，光学窗口片（11）由于吸收而发热使光学窗口片温度上升，实验测定在1分钟内前光学窗口片（11）的温度能从室温20℃上升到37℃，这时把内窥镜再插入人体将不会产生雾，达到防雾的目的。用于成像的波长为400nm～700nm的光束，经过内窥镜光学系统（12）、适配器光学系统（2）、成像入射面（433）后，入射到分色面（432）上，由于分色膜的作用，将透过分色面（432），然后经过成像出射面（434）入射到截止片（5）上，由于截止片（5）透射400nm～700nm范围的光，最终，该成像光束将汇聚到图像传感器（3）上完成内窥镜系统的成像。由于在图像传感器（3）前设置有截止805nm～810nm波段范围的截止片（5），即使LD发射的近红外光由于表面反射进入内窥镜光学系统和适配器光学系统，也无法入射到图像传感器（3）上，因而不会对成像质量产生影响。
实施例二：本实施例具有与发明内容所述结构完全相同的结构，为避免重复，仅罗列关键数据。
半导体发光源（41）采用VCSEL，发射波长范围935nm～945nm，发射光功率为2W，前光学窗口片（11）在波长范围935nm～945 nm内的吸收率为10%，内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的成像波长范围为400nm～900nm，内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）的光学零件在波长范围400nm～945nm内镀制增透膜，分色镜（43）是平面分色镜，分色面（432）上的分色膜在波长范围935nm～945nm内反射，在波长范围400nm～900nm内透射，共轴耦合模组（4）位于内窥镜光学系统（12）和适配器光学系统（2）之间，截止片（5）在波长范围400nm～900nm内透射，在935nm～945nm范围内透过率小于0.001%，截止片（5）位于共轴耦合模组（4）与适配器光学系统（2）之间。
本实施例的工作原理与实施例一类似，不再赘述。
本发明的技术方案，特别适宜应用于内窥镜系统中，实现防雾的功能。

Claims (6)

1.一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，含硬性内窥镜(1)，适配器光学系统(2)，图像传感器(3)，硬性内窥镜(1)含前光学窗口片(11)和内窥镜光学系统(12)，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的成像波长范围为λ1～λ2，λ2>λ1，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)共光轴，前光学窗口片(11)含能透射波长范围为λ1～λ2的光的光学材料，其特征在于，该装置还含共轴耦合模组(4)和截止片(5)，共轴耦合模组(4)含半导体发光源(41)，准直镜组(42)，分色镜(43)，半导体发光源(41)是一种发射近红外光的半导体光源，其发射波长范围为λ3～λ4，λ4>λ3，且λ3>λ2,准直镜组(42)是对光束起汇聚作用的透镜组，半导体发光源(41)的发光面位于准直镜组(42)的焦平面附近，分色镜(43)含照明入射面(431)，分色面(432)，成像入射面(433)，成像出射面(434)，照明入射面(431)是防雾用近红外光在分色镜(43)上的入射面，分色面(432)是内窥镜系统成像光束的透射面，也是防雾用近红外光的反射面，成像入射面(433)是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组(4)上的入射面，成像出射面(434)是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组(4)上的出射面，光轴Z1是照明入射面(431)的中心与分色面(432)中心的连线，是防雾用近红外光在分色镜(43)上的入射光轴，光轴Z2是成像入射面(433)与分色面(432)的中心的连线，是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组(4)上的入射光轴，光轴Z3是内窥镜系统成像光束透射分色面(432)后的中心与成像出射面(434)的中心的连线，是内窥镜系统成像光束在共轴耦合模组(4)上的出射光轴，成像入射面(433)与成像出射面(434)平行，且都与照明入射面(431)垂直，分色面(432)与照明入射面(431)呈45°角，分色面(432)上镀制有反射波长范围λ3～λ4的光且透射波长范围λ1～λ2的光的分色膜，且反射光的方向朝向成像入射面(433)，光轴Z1与准直镜组(42)的光轴重合，共轴耦合模组(4)位于内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)之间，或位于适配器光学系统(2)与图像传感器(3)之间，且光轴Z2与共轴耦合模组(4)之前的光学系统的光轴重合，光轴Z3与共轴耦合模组(4)之后的光学系统的光轴重合，截止片(5)是透射波长范围λ1～λ2的光且截止波长范围λ3～λ4的光的滤色片，截止片(5)位于共轴耦合模组(4)之后，图像传感器(3)之前，前光学窗口片(11)在波长范围为λ3～λ4内的吸收率大于10％，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的光学零件在波长范围λ1～λ4内镀制增透膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，其特征在于，半导体发光源(41)是LED，LD或VCSEL，发射光功率≥1W。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，其特征在于，分色镜(43)是胶合棱镜或平面分色镜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，其特征在于，截止片(5)在波长范围λ3～λ4内的透过率小于0.001％。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，其特征在于，半导体发光源(41)采用LD，发射波长范围805nm～810nm，发射光功率为1W，前光学窗口片(11)在波长范围805nm～810nm内的吸收率大于20％，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的成像波长范围为400nm～700nm，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的光学零件在波长范围400nm～810nm内镀制增透膜，分色镜(43)是胶合棱镜，分色面(432)上的分色膜在波长范围805nm～810nm内反射，在波长范围400nm～700nm内透射，共轴耦合模组(4)位于适配器光学系统(2)和图像传感器(3)之间，截止片(5)在波长范围400nm～700nm内透射，在805nm～810nm范围内透过率小于0.001％，截止片(5)位于共轴耦合模组(4)与图像传感器(3)之间。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置，其特征在于，半导体发光源(41)采用VCSEL，发射波长范围935nm～945nm，发射光功率为2W，前光学窗口片(11)在波长范围935nm～945nm内的吸收率为10％，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的成像波长范围为400nm～900nm，内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)的光学零件在波长范围400nm～945nm内镀制增透膜，分色镜(43)是平面分色镜，分色面(432)上的分色膜在波长范围935nm～945nm内反射，在波长范围400nm～900nm内透射，共轴耦合模组(4)位于内窥镜光学系统(12)和适配器光学系统(2)之间，截止片(5)在波长范围400nm～900nm内透射，在935nm～945nm范围内透过率小于0.001％，截止片(5)位于共轴耦合模组(4)与适配器光学系统(2)之间。
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