CN111047157A - Construction scheme comparing and selecting method in building engineering - Google Patents
Construction scheme comparing and selecting method in building engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction scheme comparing and selecting method in constructional engineering, which comprises the following steps: providing a plurality of construction schemes meeting feasibility requirements for comparison and selection; constructing a decision matrix and establishing a multi-attribute decision model; the accurate number weight setting method based on the maximum dispersion is utilized to simplify the calculation process of the weight and keep the objectivity of the result; the obtained attribute weight indexes are brought into a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model for scoring and sorting; and judging and selecting the optimal feasible construction scheme. The invention calculates the weight by using an accurate weight setting method for maximum dispersion, and considers the weight as the score in the selection. And judging the interval of the given score according to the dispersion degree of the data in the attributes, wherein when the dispersion of the influence factors is larger, the corresponding weight is also larger, the score occupied by the influence factors is also higher, and the optimal construction scheme can be selected simply and scientifically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a construction scheme comparing and selecting method in an engineering project by combining accurate number weight setting and a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model based on deviation maximization.
Background
The cost, the progress and the quality are all three key factors considered by engineering project management, and the selection and the implementation of a construction scheme need to be considered in series. The construction scheme has the advantages of advancement, dynamic property and systematicness. With the development of construction technology, during construction of a project, the construction scheme is not unique, and technicians with abundant experience are often required to comprehensively consider and select the construction scheme from multiple aspects of technical feasibility, safety, progress controllability, cost economy and the like. When the work content of the project is consistent, the more the input resources are, the shorter the construction period is, and conversely, the longer the construction period is. At present, in the aspect of construction simulation software in the market, particularly for highway bridges, 5D application is still imperfect, animation display of a construction process is mainly remained, comparison and selection of a construction scheme also needs manual judgment, a decision process depends on richness of construction experience, and visual scientific basis is lacked.
The weight value of the influence factors of the construction scheme has great influence on the grading and selection of the scheme, so the weight value is very important. There are three main methods for determining weights in statistics, which are: analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), network analysis process (ANP), entropy method. The entropy method mainly determines the weight by using the reliability of index reflection information, and AHP and ANP can be used for calculating the index weight, but the calculation process is complex. The accurate number weight setting model based on the maximum dispersion can be used for defining the weights of different influence factors, and then a construction scheme is determined by using a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive mathematical model. The method has the advantages that the subjectivity of decision-making personnel is reduced during decision making, the calculation process is simple, the requirement on the decision-making personnel is relatively low, and the established comparison and selection model can more comprehensively connect the influencing factors in series, such as: the method has the advantages of technical feasibility, cost, quality requirement, construction period requirement and the like, and the obtained result has higher pertinence and reliability for construction enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a project construction scheme comparing and selecting method by combining accurate number weight setting and balance based on dispersion maximization.
The invention solves the problems through the following technical means:
a construction scheme comparing and selecting method in building engineering comprises the following steps:
providing a plurality of construction schemes meeting feasibility requirements for comparison and selection;
constructing a decision matrix and establishing a multi-attribute decision model;
the accurate number weight setting method based on the maximum dispersion is utilized to simplify the calculation process of the weight and keep the objectivity of the result;
the obtained attribute weight indexes are brought into a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model for scoring and sorting;
and judging and selecting the optimal feasible construction scheme.
Further, the step of constructing a decision matrix and establishing a multi-attribute decision model specifically comprises:
firstly, a decision matrix is established, m represents the number of feasible construction schemes (m is 1,2,3 … …), n represents the number of evaluation indexes (n is 1,2,3 … …), and the considered factors comprise: selecting a value interval according to experience based on engineering cost, construction period and construction risk
Guarantee
Converting the matrix into a standard matrix:
R＝[rij -,rij +]n×m。
further, setting the influence factor weight of the scheme based on the dispersion maximization specifically includes:
let the weight vector be:
calculation scheme AiDispersion from other protocols:
calculating the dispersion sum of all schemes and other index values:
calculating the dispersion sum of all schemes and other index values under all evaluation indexes:
obtaining the weight corresponding to each evaluation index:
and finally, performing unitized processing to obtain an objective weight set value:
and setting the calculated weight set value as a full score of a corresponding evaluation basis, and grading by using a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive grading model, wherein the construction scheme corresponding to the highest score is the optimal construction scheme to be selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the invention calculates the weight by using an accurate weight setting method for maximum dispersion, and considers the weight as the score in the selection. And judging the interval of the given score according to the dispersion degree of the data in the attributes, wherein when the dispersion of the influence factors is larger, the corresponding weight is also larger, the score occupied by the influence factors is also higher, and the optimal construction scheme can be selected simply and scientifically.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction scheme comparing and selecting method in the building engineering of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a construction scheme comparing and selecting method in constructional engineering, which comprises the following steps of firstly, providing a plurality of construction schemes meeting feasibility requirements for comparison and selection; and then constructing a decision matrix to establish a multi-attribute decision model. The accurate number weight setting method based on the maximum dispersion simplifies the calculation process of the weight and can keep the objectivity of the result. And (4) bringing the obtained attribute weight indexes into a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model for scoring and sorting, and finally obtaining an optimal construction scheme. In the construction organization design, the consideration and the adoption of the construction scheme are often reviewed from the aspects of cost, construction period, quality and safety, and finally, the construction scheme with low cost and short construction period requirement tends to be selected. However, in many cases, the cost is low, so that the investment of manpower, materials and machinery is less, and the construction period is prolonged. At the moment, the selection of a construction scheme with high construction cost and short construction period requirement or a construction scheme with low construction cost and long construction period requirement becomes a difficult problem. And calculating the weight by using an accurate number weight setting method for maximizing dispersion, and considering the weight as the score in the selection. And judging the interval of the given score according to the dispersion degree of the data in the attributes, wherein when the dispersion of the influence factors is larger, the corresponding weight is also larger, the score occupied by the influence factors is also higher, and the optimal construction scheme can be selected simply and scientifically.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, a feasible construction scheme is made according to design requirements, project difficulties and construction processes, and the implementation basic flow is as follows:
accurate number weight setting model based on maximum dispersion
The objective weight setting is based on the dispersion degree among data in the measurement attributes, and when the dispersion of the influence factors is larger, the corresponding weight is also larger.
Some decision matrix a ═ ([ a ])ij -,aij +])m×nThe system comprises m evaluation schemes (m is 1,2,3 … …) and n evaluation indexes (n is 1,2,3 … …). Selecting a value interval according to experience
Guarantee
TABLE 1 scheme indicator values
After normalization, a normalized matrix R ═ R can be obtainedij -,rij +]n×mAssume that the weight vector is:
evaluation index GjScheme AiThe dispersion from other schemes can be defined as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
evaluation index GjSum of all solutions deviations from other metric values:
under all evaluation indexes, the dispersion sum of all schemes and other index values:
the weight corresponding to each evaluation index:
Wjand then, carrying out unitized processing to obtain an objective weight set value:
cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model
The full score of each block of influence factor is set using its weight, as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 full score of influencing factors
| Influencing factor | Interval of judging score |
| Construction cost | (0～W′1) |
| Construction period | (0～W′2) |
| Risk of construction | (0～W′3) |
And F, grading the engineering cost by blocks: the construction scheme with the lowest construction cost gives full score which is higher than one percent of lowest cost'1One hundredth of a minute. Deviation rate is (corresponding scheme cost-lowest cost)/lowest cost. Grading the construction period in blocks D: the construction scheme with the lowest required construction period gives a full mark, and one percent of buckles W 'in the surplus construction period'2One hundredth of a minute. The deviation rate is (corresponding project period-minimum project period)/minimum project period. Construction risk block scoring R: and (4) analyzing according to construction process requirements, project difficulties and similar engineering construction experience. And the construction risk coefficient is minimum to be fully scored. Withhold W 'higher than one percent of lowest construction risk coefficient'3One hundredth of a minute. And the deviation rate is (construction risk coefficient of the corresponding party-minimum construction risk coefficient)/minimum construction risk coefficient. And finally, when the N is the maximum, selecting the corresponding scheme as the optimal scheme of the actual construction.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A construction scheme comparing and selecting method in building engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a plurality of construction schemes meeting feasibility requirements for comparison and selection;
constructing a decision matrix and establishing a multi-attribute decision model;
the accurate number weight setting method based on the maximum dispersion is utilized to simplify the calculation process of the weight and keep the objectivity of the result;
the obtained attribute weight indexes are brought into a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive scoring model for scoring and sorting;
and judging and selecting the optimal feasible construction scheme.
2. The construction scheme comparison method in the building engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the constructing of the decision matrix and the establishment of the multi-attribute decision model specifically comprises:
firstly, a decision matrix is established, m represents the number of feasible construction schemes (m is 1,2,3 … …), n represents the number of evaluation indexes (n is 1,2,3 … …), and the considered factors comprise: selecting a value interval according to experience based on engineering cost, construction period and construction risk
Guarantee
Converting the matrix into a standard matrix:
R＝[rij -,rij +]n×m。
3. the construction scheme comparison and selection method in the building engineering as claimed in claim 2, wherein the setting of the scheme influence factor weight based on the dispersion maximization specifically comprises:
let the weight vector be:
calculation scheme AiDispersion from other protocols:
calculating the dispersion sum of all schemes and other index values:
calculating the dispersion sum of all schemes and other index values under all evaluation indexes:
obtaining the weight corresponding to each evaluation index:
and finally, performing unitized processing to obtain an objective weight set value:
and setting the calculated weight set value as a full score of a corresponding evaluation basis, and grading by using a cost-construction period-safety comprehensive grading model, wherein the construction scheme corresponding to the highest score is the optimal construction scheme to be selected.
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| CN113537799A (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Evaluation and selection method for different construction processes of impact plain high-plasticity flowing soft foundation treatment |
| CN113554202A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-26 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Building control method, device and related system |
| CN115471119A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Multi-index quantification comparison and selection system and method for existing building earthquake-resistant reinforcement scheme |
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| CN107368921A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-21 | 成都宗升智能科技有限公司 | Track traffic scheme comparison method based on 3DGIS+BIM technologies |
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| CN113554202A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-26 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Building control method, device and related system |
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