CN111044144A - Portable spectral radiation screen brightness meter and optical system thereof - Google Patents
Portable spectral radiation screen brightness meter and optical system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111044144A CN111044144A CN201911356563.3A CN201911356563A CN111044144A CN 111044144 A CN111044144 A CN 111044144A CN 201911356563 A CN201911356563 A CN 201911356563A CN 111044144 A CN111044144 A CN 111044144A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/04—Slit arrangements slit adjustment
Abstract
The invention discloses a portable spectral radiation screen luminance meter and an optical system thereof in the technical field of luminance meters, and aims to solve the problem that spectral wavelength distribution of incident light at a slit is inconsistent with spectral wavelength distribution of screen light emission due to imaging of arranged pixels by a condensing lens. The incident light sequentially passes through the light equalizer, the condenser lens and the slit and then irradiates on the front spherical reflector, the front spherical reflector reflects the incident light on the plane grating, and the rear spherical reflector reflects the light emitted by the plane grating onto the CCD; the condensing lens is fixed between the first spiral cover and the base, the base is fixed on the brightness meter shell, and the light homogenizer is fixed between the second spiral cover and the first spiral cover. The spectrum measurement through the grating light splitting has portability while realizing the short-distance small-range measurement of parameters such as brightness, spectrum and color coordinates, ensures the consistency of the wavelength distribution of the received spectrum of the luminance meter and the spectrum emitted by an actual screen through the light uniformizing performance of the light uniformizer, and improves the measurement precision of the spectrum and the brightness of the screen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brightness meters, and particularly relates to a portable spectral radiation screen brightness meter and an optical system thereof.
Background
The conventional brightness meters are commonly an imaging brightness meter, an aiming point brightness meter and a spectral radiation brightness meter. There is no portable luminance meter dedicated to screen detection. The imaging brightness meter is used for measuring brightness of a large object in a long distance in an imaging mode, is difficult to accurately measure a small display screen (such as an intelligent watch screen), and is large in size and not portable compared with a spectral radiance brightness meter. The aim point luminance meter measures tristimulus values using a color filter that approximates the CIE standard observer color matching function to achieve measurement of parameters such as luminance, color coordinates, etc., and is generally less accurate than a spectral radiance luminance meter because the color filter is difficult to perfectly match the standard curve. The common spectral radiance brightness meter adopts the lens to directly enter light, and the problems of low accuracy of measuring the superposition spectrum of screen pixels and low brightness caused by the inconsistency of the wavelength distribution of the light entering spectrum of the brightness meter and the wavelength distribution of the light exiting spectrum of the screen due to the arrangement of the screen pixels are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical system of a portable spectral radiation screen brightness meter, which aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the brightness meter adopts a condensing lens to directly enter light, and the spectral wavelength distribution of the incident light at a slit is inconsistent with the spectral wavelength distribution of the emergent light of a screen due to the imaging of the condensing lens on arranged pixels.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a portable spectroradiometer comprises a light equalizer, wherein incident light sequentially passes through the light equalizer, a condensing lens and a slit and then irradiates on a front spherical reflector, the front spherical reflector reflects the incident light on a plane grating, and a rear spherical reflector reflects light emitted by the plane grating onto a CCD (charge coupled device); the light-concentrating device comprises a light-concentrating lens, a slit, a front spherical reflector, a plane grating, a rear spherical reflector and a CCD, wherein the light-concentrating lens, the slit, the front spherical reflector, the plane grating, the rear spherical reflector and the CCD are packaged in a brightness meter shell, the light-concentrating lens is fixed between a first spiral cover and a base, the base is fixed on the brightness meter shell, and the light homogenizer is fixed between a second spiral cover and the first spiral cover.
The base is provided with a first groove, and the condensing lens is arranged in the first groove.
And a second groove is formed in the first spiral cover, and the light homogenizer is arranged in the second groove.
The second spiral cover is made of rubber.
The distance between the condensing lens and the slit is equal to the focal length of the condensing lens.
The light homogenizing medium of the light homogenizer is opal glass which can homogenize light and absorb visible light in equal proportion.
The CCD is connected with a signal receiving circuit, the signal receiving circuit sends the light quantity signals to a high-speed AD conversion circuit for AD conversion and then sends the light quantity signals to a central processing unit, the central processing unit controls the signal receiving circuit and the high-speed AD conversion circuit through an FPGA control circuit to change the integration time of the CCD until the light quantity received by the CCD meets the requirement, and the central processing unit calculates and outputs the spectrum, the brightness and the color coordinate when the light quantity meets the requirement.
An optical system of a portable split beam screen luminance meter, the optical system comprising in order along an optical axis: the light-homogenizing device comprises a light-homogenizing device, a condensing lens, a slit, a front spherical reflector, a plane grating, a rear spherical reflector and a CCD (charge coupled device), wherein a light-homogenizing medium of the light-homogenizing device is opal glass capable of homogenizing light and absorbing visible light in equal proportion, and the distance between the condensing lens and the slit is equal to the focal length of the condensing lens.
The thickness of the dodging medium of the dodging device is determined by the formula (1):
I＝I0e-αl(1)
where I is the intensity of the emitted light, I0Is the incident light intensity, e is the natural constant, α is the material absorption coefficient, and l is the material thickness.
The types of the condensing lens include a double cemented lens, a plano-convex lens, and a cylindrical lens.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the portable spectroradiometer and the optical system thereof, the uniformity of the wavelength distribution of the received spectrum of the luminance meter and the spectrum emitted by the actual screen is ensured through the light uniformizing performance of the light uniformizer, the measurement accuracy of the spectrum and the brightness of the screen is improved, and the portable spectroradiometer has portability while realizing the short-distance small-range measurement of parameters such as the brightness, the spectrum and the color coordinate through the spectrum measurement of grating light splitting.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a luminance meter of a portable spectroradiometer screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a light homogenizer of a portable spectroradiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first installation structure of a plane mirror of a brightness meter for a portable spectral radiation screen according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic view of an installation structure of a plane mirror of a portable spectroradiometer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic system diagram of an optical system of a luminance meter for a portable spectroradiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of a portable spectroradiometer screen luminance meter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an FPGA control circuit of a portable spectroradiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a portable spectroradiometer screen luminance meter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a light homogenizer; 2. a condenser lens; 3. a slit; 31. a base; 32. a notch; 4. a front spherical reflector; 5. a planar grating; 6. a rear spherical reflector; 7, CCD; 8. a housing; 81. a base; 811. a first groove; 82. a first screw cap; 821. a second groove; 83. a second screw cap; 9. a plane mirror.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a portable spectroradiometer screen luminance meter comprises a light homogenizer 1, a condenser lens 2, a slit 3, a front spherical reflector 4, a plane grating 5, a rear spherical reflector 6 and a CCD 7. The incident light sequentially passes through the light equalizer 1, the condenser lens 2 and the slit 3 and then irradiates on the front spherical reflector 4, the front spherical reflector 4 reflects the incident light on the plane grating 5, and the rear spherical reflector 6 reflects the light emitted by the plane grating 5 to the CCD 7. The condensing lens 2 is used for condensing incident light to the slit 3, the slit 3 is used for providing a line light source required by spectral analysis, and the front spherical reflector 4 is used for changing the direction of a light path, so that the structure is compact, and parallel light is output to the plane grating 5. The plane grating 5 is used for splitting light to enable the light with different wavelengths to be emitted at different angles, the rear spherical reflector 6 is used for changing the direction of a light path to enable the structure to be compact, the light is focused on the CCD7, and the CCD7 is used for receiving spectrum signals; the condenser lens 2, the slit 3, the front spherical reflector 4, the plane grating 5, the rear spherical reflector 6 and the CCD7 are packaged in the luminance meter shell 8, and the distance between the condenser lens 2 and the slit 3 is equal to the focal length of the condenser lens 2, so that the light entrance effect at the slit is ensured. The portable spectroradiometer of the embodiment has compact structure, the size can be smaller than 8cm multiplied by 20cm, and the portable spectroradiometer is convenient to hold by one hand for operation.
As shown in fig. 2, a base 81 is fixed on the housing 8, a first groove 811 is provided on the base 81, the condenser lens 2 is installed in the first groove 811, and the first screw cap 82 is connected to the base 81 by a buckle or a screw thread, so as to fix the condenser lens 2 between the first screw cap 82 and the base 81; the first screw cap 82 is provided with a second groove 821, the light homogenizer 1 is installed in the second groove 821, and the second screw cap 83 is connected with the first screw cap 82 through a buckle or a thread to fix the light homogenizer 1 between the first screw cap 82 and the second screw cap 83.
The light homogenizing medium of the light homogenizer 1 is opal glass which can homogenize light and absorb visible light in equal proportion, and can attenuate the light intensity of incident light with various wavelengths in equal proportion, so that the spectrum received by the CCD7 is reduced on the whole in terms of light intensity without changing the wavelength distribution. Therefore, the light evener 1 can ensure the spectral measurement accuracy and ensure that the CCD7 is saturated when the brightness of the light emitting panel or the display screen to be measured is higher, thereby improving the maximum measurable brightness of the brightness meter. The dodging effect of the dodging device 1 is represented by the uniform emission of light rays in a diffuse transmission manner. When the display screen is measured, the light uniformizer 1 mixes the light with each wavelength emitted by the red, green and blue pixels of the screen and uniformly emits the light, so that the problem that the spectral wavelength distribution of the incident light at the slit 3 is inconsistent with the spectral wavelength distribution of the emergent light of the screen due to the imaging of the arranged pixels by the condenser lens 2 can be avoided. Therefore, the CCD7 can accurately receive the superposed spectrum information, analyze the proportion of each wavelength of light and obtain an accurate brightness value.
The thickness of the light uniformizing medium of the light uniformizer 1 cannot be too thin, which may cause non-uniform light uniformization and failure of the function of accurately measuring the screen brightness, and may cause too large light intensity entering the slit 3, resulting in easy saturation of the CCD 7. The thickness should not be too thick, which would result in too little light intensity entering the slit 3, and the exposure time of the CCD7 would be long when measuring low brightness. The thickness of the dodging medium of the dodging device 1 depends on the light intensity attenuation factor, and the light intensity attenuation factor mainly depends on the design index of the brightness range and the photoelectric characteristic of the CCD 7. After the light intensity attenuation factor is determined, the thickness of the light uniformizing medium of the light uniformizer 1 is calculated by lambert beer's law:
I＝I0e-αl(1)
where I is the intensity of the emitted light, I0Is the incident light intensity, e is the natural constant, α is the material absorption coefficient, and l is the material thickness.
In order to make the optical system compact, the light homogenizer should be close to the condensing lens as much as possible, but cannot press the condensing lens to prevent deformation and abrasion. By controlling the thickness of the first screw cap 82, the dodging device 1 can be close to but not in contact with the condenser lens 2. The second screw cap 83 is made of soft material such as rubber, etc. to protect the light homogenizer 1.
Example two: the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a plane mirror 9 is disposed between the condensing lens 2 and the slit 3, and a certain included angle is formed between the plane mirror 9 and the condensing lens 2 for changing the light path direction. The plane mirror 9 is plated with a high reflection film, the effect that the spectral distribution of incident light is not affected by changing the light path direction can be achieved, the material for manufacturing the high reflection film comprises aluminum, silver, gold and the like, and light rays sequentially pass through the light homogenizer 1, the condensing lens 2 and the plane mirror 9 and then pass through the slit 3.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the flat mirror 9 and the slit 3 share a base 31, a notch 32 forming a certain angle with the slit 3 is provided on the base 31, and the flat mirror 9 is fixed in the notch 32. In this embodiment, the included angle between the notch 32 and the slit 3 is 45 °, that is, the plane mirror 9 and the slit form an included angle of 45 °, at this time, after the incident light is reflected by the plane mirror 9, the direction is changed by 90 °, that is, the included angle between the lens portion of the luminance meter (the portion where the light homogenizer 1 and the condensing lens 2 are installed) and the slit 3 is 90 °. According to actual needs, the incident angle of incident light can be changed by changing the included angle between the plane mirror 9 and the slit 3, and then the direction of the lens is changed to adapt to different measuring environments.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention also provides an optical system of a luminance meter for a portable spectroscopic radiation screen, the optical system comprising, in order along an optical axis: the device comprises a light equalizer 1, a condenser lens 2, a slit 3, a front spherical reflector 4, a plane grating 5, a rear spherical reflector 6 and a CCD 7; the distance between the condensing lens 2 and the slit 3 is equal to the focal length of the condensing lens 2 so as to ensure the light incidence effect at the slit; the light homogenizing medium of the light homogenizer 1 is opal glass which can homogenize light and absorb visible light in equal proportion, the thickness of the light homogenizing medium is determined by formula (1), the thickness of the light homogenizing medium of the light homogenizer 1 depends on the light intensity attenuation multiple, and the light intensity attenuation multiple mainly depends on the design index of the brightness range and the photoelectric characteristic of the CCD 7. The lens type of the condenser lens 2 can be a double-cemented lens, a plano-convex lens, a cylindrical lens and the like according to actual requirements, the plano-convex lens can converge light, the double-cemented lens can improve the light beam quality of the incident slit 3 while converging the light, and the cylindrical lens can further homogenize the light and obtain a line light source at a focal plane while converging the light and is well matched with the slit 3. The plane reflector can be additionally arranged between the condensing lens 2 and the slit 3 according to actual requirements, and the light path direction of the plane reflector can be changed, so that the light inlet probe part consisting of the light homogenizer 1 and the condensing lens 2 can rotate while the overall direction of the luminance meter is unchanged, and measurement under various conditions is convenient to carry out.
As shown in fig. 6, the optical system obtains a screen spectrum signal, the signal receiving circuit receives a signal of the CCD, the high-speed AD conversion circuit AD-converts the signal and sends the signal to the central processing unit, the central processing unit determines whether the current light incidence amount is appropriate or not, and controls the signal receiving circuit and the high-speed AD conversion circuit to change the integration time of the CCD7 through the FPGA control circuit, and the central processing unit calculates information such as spectrum, brightness, color coordinates and the like according to the signal when the light incidence amount is appropriate, and displays the information through the display screen. And using the keys to give an instruction to the central processing unit, and changing the measurement mode and the display content by the central processing unit according to the instruction. The battery charging system is automatically controlled by the central processing unit.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the FPGA control circuit includes four parts, namely an FPGA input port, an FPGA output port, a mode adjustment module, and a timing control module: when the measurement starts, the central processing unit sets the baud rate of the input and output ports of the FPGA. The mode adjusting module sends default setting information to the time sequence control module, the time sequence control module comprises a CCD driving part and an AD driving part, the CCD driving part sends a default control time sequence signal and a default clock signal to the CCD signal receiving circuit, the control time sequence signal controls the CCD working mode and the integration time, and the clock signal controls the CCD working frequency. The AD driving part sends a default configuration time sequence signal, a default sampling time sequence signal and a default data transmission time sequence signal to the high-speed AD conversion circuit. The configuration time sequence signal, the default sampling time sequence signal and the default data transmission time sequence signal respectively control the mode configuration, the AD sampling and the AD conversion data transmission of the high-speed AD conversion circuit. The CCD signal receiving circuit outputs an analog voltage signal to the high-speed AD conversion circuit under the control of the timing signal. The high-speed AD conversion circuit converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal under the control of the time sequence signal and sends the digital signal to an FPGA output port. And the FPGA output port caches the digital signal and sends the cached digital signal to the central processing unit. The central processing unit analyzes the digital signal to judge whether the current working state of the CCD is proper or not, if the CCD is saturated, the integration time is reduced, and if the CCD signal is too small, the integration time is increased. The central processing unit sends an interrupt signal to the FPGA input port, after the FPGA input port identifies the interrupt, the central processing unit instruction is sent to the mode adjusting module, the mode adjusting module resets the state, and the time sequence control module changes the time sequence signal to enable the working states of the CCD signal receiving circuit and the high-speed AD conversion circuit to be correspondingly changed. And the central processing unit analyzes the new digital signal, if the new digital signal is still not suitable, the next round of adjustment is carried out, if the new digital signal is suitable, the spectral information is analyzed, and the brightness and the color coordinate are calculated according to the spectral information.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A portable spectroradiometer is characterized by comprising a light uniformizer, wherein incident light sequentially passes through the light uniformizer, a condensing lens and a slit and then irradiates on a front spherical reflector, the front spherical reflector reflects the incident light on a plane grating, and a rear spherical reflector reflects light emitted by the plane grating onto a CCD (charge coupled device);
condenser lens, slit, preceding spherical reflector, plane grating, back spherical reflector and CCD encapsulation are in the luminance meter casing, condenser lens fixes between first spiral cover and base, the base is fixed on the luminance meter casing, the dodging ware is fixed between second spiral cover and first spiral cover, be equipped with first recess on the base, condenser lens sets up in the first recess, be equipped with the second recess on the first spiral cover, the dodging ware sets up in the second recess.
2. The portable split-beam radiation screen luminance meter according to claim 1, wherein a plane mirror is provided between the condenser lens and the slit, the plane mirror having a certain angle with the slit.
3. The portable split radiation screen luminance meter as recited in claim 2, wherein the angle between the flat mirror and the slit is 45 °.
4. The portable spectroradiometer of claim 1, wherein the second screw cap is made of rubber.
5. The portable split radiation screen luminance meter as recited in claim 1, wherein a distance between the condenser lens and the slit is equal to a focal length of the condenser lens.
6. The portable split-beam radiation screen luminance meter as recited in claim 1, wherein the light uniformizing medium of the light uniformizer is opal glass capable of uniformizing light and absorbing visible light in equal proportion.
7. The portable spectroradiometer of claim 1, wherein the CCD is connected to a signal receiving circuit, the signal receiving circuit sends the light quantity signal to a high-speed AD conversion circuit for AD conversion and then to a central processing unit, the central processing unit controls the signal receiving circuit and the high-speed AD conversion circuit through an FPGA control circuit to change the integration time of the CCD until the light quantity received by the CCD meets the requirements, and the central processing unit calculates and outputs the spectrum, brightness and color coordinates when the light quantity meets the requirements.
8. An optical system of a portable spectroradiometer screen luminance meter, characterized in that the optical system comprises in order along the optical axis: the light-homogenizing device comprises a light-homogenizing device, a condensing lens, a slit, a front spherical reflector, a plane grating, a rear spherical reflector and a CCD (charge coupled device), wherein a light-homogenizing medium of the light-homogenizing device is opal glass capable of homogenizing light and absorbing visible light in equal proportion, and the distance between the condensing lens and the slit is equal to the focal length of the condensing lens.
9. The optical system of a portable split radiation screen luminance meter as set forth in claim 8, wherein the thickness of the dodging medium of said dodging device is determined by the formula (1):
I＝I0e-αl(1)
where I is the intensity of the emitted light, I0Is the incident light intensity, e is the natural constant, α is the material absorption coefficient, and l is the material thickness.
10. The optical system of a portable split radiation screen luminance meter as claimed in claim 8, wherein the type of the condensing lens includes a double cemented lens, a plano-convex lens and a cylindrical lens.
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| CN201911356563.3A CN111044144A (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Portable spectral radiation screen brightness meter and optical system thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113029953A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-25 | 北京微芯区块链与边缘计算研究院 | Spectrum type gas sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113029953A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-25 | 北京微芯区块链与边缘计算研究院 | Spectrum type gas sensor |
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