CN111042945B - Engine exhaust gas layering air intake system - Google Patents
Engine exhaust gas layering air intake system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111042945B CN111042945B CN201911052244.3A CN201911052244A CN111042945B CN 111042945 B CN111042945 B CN 111042945B CN 201911052244 A CN201911052244 A CN 201911052244A CN 111042945 B CN111042945 B CN 111042945B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4285—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of both intake and exhaust channel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0077—Control of the EGR valve or actuator, e.g. duty cycle, closed loop control of position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
- F02M26/20—Feeding recirculated exhaust gases directly into the combustion chambers or into the intake runners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
- F02M26/21—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the intake system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/37—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with temporary storage of recirculated exhaust gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/42—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders
- F02M26/44—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders in which a main EGR passage is branched into multiple passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
- F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
- F02M35/10255—Arrangements of valves; Multi-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, in particular to an engine exhaust gas layering air inlet system based on time sequence air inlet, which is used for reducing the mixing contact of exhaust gas and air in the air inlet process and improving the layering degree of the exhaust gas in an air cylinder, and is provided with an air cylinder cover and at least two air cylinders, and is characterized in that more than two groups of air/exhaust gas inlet channels which are used for being correspondingly communicated with the air inlets on the at least two air cylinders in the air cylinder cover one by one and an exhaust channel which is used for being communicated with the air outlets on the air cylinders are arranged on the air cylinder; every air/waste gas intake duct of group comprises air intake duct and the waste gas intake duct that sets up side by side, and wherein the one-to-one is equipped with the air intake valve more than two on the air intake duct more than two, and the one-to-one is equipped with the waste gas intake valve more than two on the waste gas intake duct more than two, and air intake valve and waste gas intake valve are all through the cam actuating mechanism control switching that admits air.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and particularly relates to a time sequence intake-based engine exhaust gas layering air intake system for reducing mixing contact of exhaust gas and air in an air intake process and improving the layering degree of the exhaust gas in a cylinder.
Background art:
diesel engines are limited in their application in automotive power applications due to their high harmful emissions. The art of reducing diesel engine nitrogen oxides by introducing large quantities of recirculated exhaust gases into the cylinder is widely recognized. However, the high concentration of exhaust gas in the cylinder causes a significant increase in the thermal efficiency and particulate matter emission of the diesel engine. The EGR stratification technique is an effective measure to solve this problem. By controlling the distribution of the oxygen concentration in the cylinder, the generation of nitrogen oxides is inhibited by high-concentration waste gas in the nitrogen oxide generation time zone, and the purpose of reducing the emission of particulate matters is achieved by supplementing oxygen in the particulate matter generation time zone. This increases the efficiency of the action of the recirculated exhaust gas, reduces the energy loss required to cool the recirculated exhaust gas, and improves the particulate matter emission and fuel consumption deterioration problems. The main ways to realize exhaust gas stratification at present are: a five valve engine is employed, a recirculated exhaust gas conduit is installed in the intake manifold, with the aid of swirl and tumble devices, etc. However, the prior art has the problems that air and exhaust gas are in contact mixing in the whole air intake process, and high-speed strong turbulent airflow at the position of an air inlet valve is subjected to clashing mixing, so that the layering degree of the exhaust gas in a cylinder is greatly reduced. In order to solve the problems, scientific research personnel provide a time sequence air inlet concept, and air and waste gas are led into the air cylinder at different moments through a split air inlet process, so that the contact mixing of the air and the waste gas is greatly reduced. A five-valve exhaust gas layered air inlet system is provided, so that air and exhaust gas sequentially enter an air cylinder in a completely independent gas loop, but a five-valve engine needs to change a large amount of air inlet structures of an original engine.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the engine exhaust gas layering air inlet system based on time sequence air inlet, which is particularly suitable for a four-stroke diesel engine and can improve the layering degree of exhaust gas in a cylinder.
The invention is achieved by the following measures:
the layered intake system for the waste gas of the engine is provided with a cylinder cover and at least two cylinders, and is characterized in that more than two groups of air/waste gas inlet channels which are correspondingly communicated with the air inlets on the at least two cylinders in the cylinder cover one by one are arranged on the cylinder cover, and an exhaust channel which is communicated with the air outlets on the cylinders is also arranged on the cylinder cover; each group of air/waste gas inlet channels consists of an air inlet channel and a waste gas inlet channel which are arranged side by side, wherein more than two air inlet valves are arranged on more than two air inlet channels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, more than two waste gas inlet valves are arranged on more than two waste gas inlet channels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the air inlet valves and the waste gas inlet valves are controlled to be opened and closed by an air inlet cam driving mechanism; the exhaust system comprises an exhaust manifold, an air inlet manifold, an exhaust manifold, an EGR loop, an air surge tank, an exhaust manifold, an EGR loop and an exhaust manifold, wherein more than two air inlet channels are connected with the air surge tank through the air inlet manifold;
the intake cam driving mechanism is provided with an intake cam shaft and more than two intake cams which are distributed on the intake cam shaft and used for opening/closing an air intake valve and a waste gas intake valve, the air intake cam and the waste gas intake cam adopt the same cam profile and have the same valve lift, the two intake cams corresponding to the same cylinder are respectively an air intake cam and a waste gas intake cam, the central line of the air intake cam and the waste gas intake cam form an included angle of 60 degrees, the included angles of the air intake cams between different cylinders on the intake cam shaft are different by an angle range of 45-180 degrees, wherein if two cylinders are arranged, an included angle of 180 degrees is selected, if three cylinders are arranged, the included angle is 120 degrees, the included angle of four cylinders is 90 degrees, the included angle of five cylinders is 72 degrees, the included angle of six cylinders is 60 degrees, the included angle of eight cylinders is 45 degrees, namely the included angles are arranged, the included angle between the waste gas inlet cams is the same as that of the air inlet cams;
the exhaust passage is also provided with an exhaust valve and an exhaust cam driving mechanism correspondingly used for driving the exhaust valve to open and close, an exhaust cam shaft is arranged in the exhaust cam driving mechanism, and an exhaust cam is arranged on the exhaust cam shaft.
The EGR loop is provided with an intercooler connected with the waste gas pressure stabilizing tank, a supercharger connected with the intercooler and an EGR valve arranged between the waste gas pressure stabilizing tank and the exhaust manifold, wherein the EGR valve adopts a three-way valve with adjustable opening degree, and controls the waste gas to be directly discharged or enter the waste gas pressure stabilizing tank for waste gas intake circulation by opening or closing the EGR valve.
The volume of the air pressure stabilizing tank or the waste gas pressure stabilizing tank is 2-4L, and the air pressure stabilizing tank or the waste gas pressure stabilizing tank is used for buffering airflow, reducing the influence of the waste gas temperature in the exhaust passage of the cylinder on the air inlet temperature and pressure fluctuation, and further reducing the interference on the air charging efficiency and the air inlet layering effect of the cylinder.
The air intake manifold or the waste gas intake manifold of the invention adopts a manifold structure with at least two branches at the output end, furthermore, the corresponding branches of the air intake manifold and the waste gas intake manifold on the same cylinder are communicated through a connecting pipeline, a three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline, one end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the waste gas intake manifold, the other end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the air intake manifold, the other end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is the inlet of a waste gas inlet channel, the three-way electromagnetic valve controls the opening of a waste gas inlet loop according to the working condition and closes; or controlling the waste gas inlet loop to be closed and opening the connection with the air inlet pipeline, namely the air inlet loop.
The ECU controller is used for controlling all parts of the system to work cooperatively, calculates the pressure of the exhaust gas pipeline according to the working condition of the engine, sends a signal to the pressure regulator, realizes the regulation of the pressure of the exhaust gas inlet pipeline, and accurately controls the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas. The exhaust gas inlet part controls the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas and the opening and closing of the exhaust gas recirculation loop by controlling the exhaust line pressure.
Compared with the prior art, under the working conditions of low load and large load, more than two air inlet valves and waste gas inlet valves can enter the cylinder in a time-sharing and channel-dividing mode through the air inlet cam driving mechanism, in the process, the waste gas recirculation is opened, and air and waste gas enter the cylinder in a time-sharing and time-sharing mode through respective independent pipelines, so that the mixing of air and waste gas is avoided in time and space, the layering effect of the system is improved, and under other working conditions, when a general combustion mode is adopted, the waste gas recirculation is closed, the waste gas of the system is directly discharged from the exhaust passage, and the gas entering the cylinder in the time-sharing and-time-sharing mode through the independent pipelines is all air; further achieve the following purposes: (1) the used time sequence air intake system can realize the stratification of the recirculated exhaust gas and air in the cylinder; (2) the used time sequence air inlet system can improve the utilization efficiency of the recirculated exhaust gas of the diesel engine. (3) The used design of the double pressure stabilizing cavities reduces the influence of the exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust passage of the cylinder on the air inlet temperature and the influence of pressure fluctuation on the air charging efficiency and the air inlet layering effect of the cylinder. (4) Major modifications to the cylinder head are avoided by using a bi-surge chamber design for both the air surge tank and the exhaust surge tank. And (5) the Y-shaped waste gas inlet manifold can ensure that air can enter the cylinder through the waste gas inlet channel when the diesel engine only needs air under the working conditions of low speed and high load, and waste gas enters the cylinder through the waste gas inlet channel when the diesel engine needs to start waste gas recirculation. (6) The camshaft with the included angle of 60 degrees and the special cam molded line can ensure that the air valve and the EGR valve are not opened simultaneously, avoid the overlapping of the recirculated waste gas and the fresh air at the air inlet time, ensure that the designed air inlet camshaft can completely plan the task of each stroke of the whole air distribution phase and avoid the occurrence of the phenomena of backflow and the like; the double air inlet cavities can avoid the premature mixing of waste gas and fresh air and the collision and mixing of the waste gas entering the circumferential direction of the air valve in the air cylinder; in addition, the EGR loop used by the invention monitors signals of temperature, pressure and the like of the recirculated exhaust gas, and the electronic control unit of the EGR loop controls the opening and closing of the EGR loop according to working conditions.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, and fig. 1(a) shows air entering air.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cylinder head structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an intake camshaft according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic of the angle between the profile of the aerial cam and the cam shown in the present invention.
FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are a schematic view of an EGR rate control scheme of the present invention shown in FIG. 5(a) and a three-way valve open/close control diagram of FIG. 5 (b).
FIG. 6 is an intake phase diagram of a cylinder controlled by an intake camshaft as shown in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the air induction system of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic inlet flow diagram of the inlet system of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides an engine exhaust gas layered air inlet system, wherein an air inlet camshaft and an exhaust camshaft are symmetrically arranged on an air cylinder cover and are fixed through a shell, and the shell is not designed and is omitted; the air inlet manifold is also arranged on the cylinder cover, and the exhaust manifold and the air inlet manifold are symmetrically arranged and assembled through bolts; the intake valve is arranged in the cylinder cover; the intake manifold includes an air intake manifold and an exhaust intake manifold.
The air intake system of the invention consists of a cylinder cover, an EGR loop and an air loop.
The cylinder cover is a diesel engine unified combustion chamber cylinder cover. In the present embodiment, the cylinder head has sixteen gas passages in total, as shown in fig. 2. The intake passages and the exhaust passages are respectively eight and are respectively arranged on two sides of the cylinder cover. From left to right in proper order be one jar air inlet 2.1.1, one jar waste gas intake duct 2.1.2, two jar air inlet 2.1.3, two jar waste gas intake ducts 2.1.4, three jar air inlet 2.1.5, three jar waste gas intake ducts 2.1.6, four jar air inlet 2.1.7 and four jar waste gas intake duct 2.1.8. Each cylinder is respectively provided with two exhaust passages which are transversely symmetrical. In the figure, 2.2.1-2.2.8. The cylinder head material is generally gray cast iron or alloy cast iron. And each air passage is required to be provided with a valve mechanism.
The air intake circuit of the present invention comprises: an air intake manifold, a camshaft, an air intake valve, and an exhaust gas intake valve.
The air intake manifold receives air which is pressurized by the supercharger and then stored in the surge tank. As shown in fig. 1. After air enters the vehicle from the outside, the air is filtered by an air filter and pressurized by a supercharger and then is stored in an air pressure stabilizing tank. The pressure of the air pressure stabilizing tank is adjustable and is kept consistent with the pressurization pressure. The air pressure stabilizing tank is connected with an air inlet manifold and enters the air cylinder through the air inlet manifold, an air inlet channel and an air inlet valve.
The air intake manifold comprises a 1.3.1 cylinder air intake pipe, a 1.3.3 two cylinder air intake pipe, a 1.3.5 three cylinder air intake pipe and a 1.3.7 four cylinder air intake pipe.
The air intake manifold and the waste gas intake manifold are connected by a pipeline, and three-way valves, namely a one-cylinder three-way valve 1.4.1, a two-cylinder three-way valve 1.4.2, a three-cylinder three-way valve 1.4.3 and a four-cylinder three-way valve 1.4.4, are arranged on the waste gas intake manifold.
The three-way valve is connected with an air inlet pipe and a waste gas inlet pipe under the working conditions of low speed and high load, air enters the cylinder through the air inlet passage and the waste gas inlet passage, and a waste gas loop is closed; under the working condition that the exhaust gas recirculation needs to be started, the three-way valve is only connected with the air inlet pipe and the air inlet channel, air only enters the cylinder through the air inlet channel, and at the moment, gas entering the exhaust gas inlet channel is recirculated exhaust gas; the opening and closing of which is controlled by an electronic control unit ECU.
The air inlet channel is provided with the air inlet valve, the cam is driven to rotate through the rotation of the cam shaft, the rotation of the cam can be changed into the up-down movement of the valve mechanism, and the air inlet valve is opened and closed.
The air valve in the invention adopts an overhead type air valve, and the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are both arranged on the cylinder cover. Correspondingly, the camshaft in the invention adopts a scheme of double overhead camshafts, wherein the first camshaft is an air inlet camshaft; the second camshaft is an exhaust camshaft.
The valve mechanism of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, the valve mechanism may include a valve, and the rotation of the cam causes the valve to reciprocate up and down in a valve guide along a center line of the valve to open and close an intake port and an exhaust port, which will not be described in detail herein.
The intake camshaft is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust gas intake valve and the air intake valve, belongs to a synonym camshaft with the same cylinder, and is characterized in that two cams corresponding to the same cylinder have different functions, and the included angle of the axes of the two cams is 60 degrees. The intake camshaft is shown in fig. 3. Taking a first cylinder as an example, 3.1 in the figure is a one-cylinder air intake cam, 3.2 is a one-cylinder waste gas intake cam, 3.3 is a two-cylinder air intake cam, 3.4 is a two-cylinder waste gas intake cam, 3.5 is a three-cylinder air intake cam, 3.6 is a three-cylinder waste gas intake cam, 3.7 is a four-cylinder air intake cam, and 3.8 is a four-cylinder waste gas intake cam, and included angles among different cylinders on the intake cam shaft are respectively different according to the ignition sequence of the cylinders (180 degrees for the two-cylinder engine, 120 degrees for the three-cylinder engine, and 90 degrees for the four-cylinder engine); however, an included angle of 60 degrees exists between the air cam and the waste gas cam in the same cylinder, so that the air inlet valve is opened, after the air inlet channel starts to admit air, the air inlet valve is closed through the rotation angle of the 60-degree cam shaft, and the waste gas inlet valve is opened to admit air; after the rotation angle of the camshaft of 60 degrees, the waste gas inlet valve is closed, and the waste gas inlet is finished.
The air intake cam and the waste gas intake cam in the invention adopt the same cam profile, and the corresponding valve lift curves are the same. When the cam rotates past the base circle section, the valve is pushed open and air or recirculated exhaust gas flows into the cylinder through the valve.
In the invention, two air inlet cams of the same cylinder are respectively an air inlet cam and an exhaust gas inlet cam, and an included angle of 60 degrees exists between the air inlet cam and the exhaust gas inlet cam, as shown in figure 4. The air cam and the EGR cam valve lift section are completely not overlapped, the valve cannot be ejected simultaneously, the opening time of the air valve and the opening duration of the waste gas valve are not overlapped, the air intake at different times is realized, and the purpose of time sequence air intake is achieved. In a cylinder controlled by the intake camshaft, the intake phase diagram is achieved as shown in fig. 6, when the curve is higher than the x-axis, the valve is in the open state and fresh air or recirculated exhaust gas enters the cylinder.
The EGR circuit of the present invention comprises: the system comprises an exhaust valve, an exhaust pipeline, an EGR valve, a supercharger, an ECU, an intercooler, an exhaust gas pressure stabilizing tank, an exhaust gas inlet manifold and an exhaust gas inlet channel. As shown in fig. 5(a) and 5(b), this circuit can reintroduce exhaust gas generated by in-cylinder combustion into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is arranged on an exhaust passage of the cylinder cover, is connected with an exhaust pipeline and is controlled by an exhaust camshaft. Rotation on the exhaust camshaft causes the exhaust valve to reciprocate up and down in the valve guide along the valve centerline to open or close, which will not be described in detail herein.
The exhaust camshaft is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve, belongs to the same cylinder and the same name cam, two cams corresponding to the same cylinder have the same function, and the included angle of the axes of the two cams is 0 degree. The ignition sequence is 1-3-4-2, the ignition interval angles are different by 90 degrees, namely after the ignition of the cylinder 1, the cylinder 2 is ignited after the camshaft angle of 90 degrees. The exhaust camshaft is identical to the existing design and will not be described again.
The exhaust pipeline is connected with the EGR loop. The EGR loop comprises an EGR valve, an intercooler and corresponding pipelines. The EGR valve adopts a three-way valve with adjustable opening degree, and is connected in series behind the exhaust manifold, and the tail end of the EGR valve is provided with an intercooler in an EGR loop. When the exhaust gas recirculation needs to be started, a part of exhaust gas enters an EGR loop through an EGR valve to start recirculation, and the other part of exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe outlet; when it is not necessary to start exhaust gas recirculation, the exhaust gas circuit is closed and the exhaust gas is completely discharged into the atmosphere via the exhaust pipe outlet.
The ECU is an electronic control unit, and monitors the working condition of the engine, the temperature after an intercooler, the gas pressure after a supercharger and other signals required by the operation of the engine through sensors. The sensors used are prior art. The opening and closing of the three-way valve, the opening degree of the EGR valve and the supercharging pressure are controlled according to the operation condition of the diesel engine, the EGR rate entering the cylinder is guaranteed to be controllable in real time, and the air inlet pressure is guaranteed to be controllable in real time.
The rear end of the intercooler is connected with a waste gas inlet 1.1.1 through a pipeline, gas enters a waste gas pressure stabilizing cavity 1.2.1 through the waste gas inlet, when the diesel engine needs time sequence layering and gas approaching, a three-way valve controlled by an electronic control unit is connected with a waste gas inlet pipe and a waste gas inlet passage, and recycled waste gas enters the cylinder through the waste gas inlet pipe and a waste gas air passage.
The exhaust gas inlet passage is controlled by an exhaust gas valve, and when the exhaust gas valve is opened, exhaust gas or air can enter the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is controlled by an intake camshaft. Because on the air inlet camshaft, there is 60 contained angles between the air cam and the waste gas cam in the same cylinder, after the air inlet channel enters air, the waste gas inlet channel begins to enter air through 60 degrees of camshaft rotation angles. Therefore, the exhaust gas and the air can enter the cylinder at different moments, and the air can be sequentially fed.
Claims (4)
1. The layered intake system for the waste gas of the engine is provided with a cylinder cover and at least two cylinders, and is characterized in that more than two groups of air/waste gas inlet channels which are correspondingly communicated with the air inlets on the at least two cylinders in the cylinder cover one by one are arranged on the cylinder cover, and an exhaust channel which is communicated with the air outlets on the cylinders is also arranged on the cylinder cover; each group of air/waste gas inlet channels consists of an air inlet channel and a waste gas inlet channel which are arranged side by side, wherein more than two air inlet valves are arranged on more than two air inlet channels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, more than two waste gas inlet valves are arranged on more than two waste gas inlet channels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the air inlet valves and the waste gas inlet valves are controlled to be opened and closed by an air inlet cam driving mechanism; the exhaust system comprises an exhaust manifold, an air inlet manifold, an exhaust manifold, an EGR loop, an air surge tank, an exhaust manifold, an EGR loop and an exhaust manifold, wherein more than two air inlet channels are connected with the air surge tank through the air inlet manifold;
the intake cam driving mechanism is provided with an intake cam shaft and more than two intake cams which are distributed on the intake cam shaft and used for opening/closing an air intake valve and a waste gas intake valve, the air intake cam and the waste gas intake cam adopt the same cam profile and have the same valve lift, the two intake cams corresponding to the same cylinder are respectively an air intake cam and a waste gas intake cam, the central lines of the air intake cam and the waste gas intake cam form an included angle of 60 degrees, the included angle difference angle range of the air intake cams between different cylinders on the intake cam shaft is 45-180 degrees, the included angle is set according to 360 degrees/the number of cylinders, and the included angle between the waste gas intake cams is the same as the included angle of the air intake cam;
the exhaust passage is also provided with an exhaust valve and is correspondingly provided with an exhaust cam driving mechanism for driving the exhaust valve to open and close, an exhaust cam shaft is arranged in the exhaust cam driving mechanism, and an exhaust cam is arranged on the exhaust cam shaft;
the exhaust gas inlet manifold is characterized in that the air inlet manifold or the exhaust gas inlet manifold is of a manifold structure with at least two branches at the output end, the corresponding branches of the air inlet manifold and the exhaust gas inlet manifold on the same cylinder are communicated through a connecting pipeline, a three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline and controls the opening/closing of the exhaust gas inlet pipeline or the air inlet pipeline according to the working condition, one end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the exhaust gas inlet manifold, the other end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the air inlet manifold, the other end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is an exhaust gas inlet, the three-way electromagnetic valve controls the opening of an exhaust gas inlet; or controlling the waste gas inlet loop to be closed and opening the connection with the air inlet pipeline, namely the air inlet loop.
2. The layered intake system of engine exhaust according to claim 1, wherein the EGR loop comprises an intercooler connected to the exhaust surge tank, a supercharger connected to the intercooler, and an EGR valve disposed between the exhaust surge tank and the exhaust manifold, the EGR valve is a three-way valve with an adjustable opening degree, and the EGR valve is opened or closed to control exhaust to directly exit or enter the exhaust surge tank for exhaust intake circulation.
3. The engine exhaust gas stratified charge system of claim 1, wherein said air surge tank or said exhaust surge tank has a volume of 2-4L for buffering the flow of air and reducing the influence of exhaust gas temperature on the charge temperature and pressure fluctuations in the exhaust passage of the cylinder, thereby reducing the disturbance on the charge efficiency and the intake stratified charge effect of the cylinder.
4. The layered intake system of engine exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein an ECU controller is provided for controlling the cooperative operation of the system parts, the ECU controller calculates the exhaust gas line pressure according to the engine operating condition and sends a signal to the pressure regulator to regulate the exhaust gas intake line pressure, thereby precisely controlling the amount of recirculated exhaust gas, and when the engine operating condition does not require exhaust gas recirculation, the ECU controller sends a closing signal to a three-way solenoid valve connected to the exhaust gas and air intake manifold connection line to close the exhaust gas intake circuit.
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| US9664153B2 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-05-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Engine with exhaust gas recirculation |
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| CN2797643Y (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-07-19 | 北京吉普汽车有限公司 | Camshaft of petrol motor |
| CN201705463U (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-01-12 | 孙小强 | Six-stroke internal-combustion engine |
| CN105673247A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Air cylinder air intake and exhaust system of diesel engine and work method |
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