CN111042745B - Drill collar - Google Patents
Drill collar Download PDFInfo
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- CN111042745B CN111042745B CN201811191326.1A CN201811191326A CN111042745B CN 111042745 B CN111042745 B CN 111042745B CN 201811191326 A CN201811191326 A CN 201811191326A CN 111042745 B CN111042745 B CN 111042745B
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- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- drill collar
- drill
- collar
- collar body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LTOKVQLDQRXAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Ni].[Cu] Chemical compound [W].[Ni].[Cu] LTOKVQLDQRXAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/16—Drill collars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a drill collar, which comprises a cylindrical drill collar main bodyThe density of the drill collar body is 8.8g/cm 3 To 22.6g/cm 3 And/or the elastic modulus of the collar body is between 250GPa and 540GPa, and/or the shear modulus of the collar body is between 97GPa and 280 GPa. The drill collar is beneficial to the motion stability of a bottom hole assembly and reduces the probability of complexity and risks such as underground vibration, well deviation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well drilling, in particular to a drill collar.
Background
Drill collars are one of the main components of a Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and are important components to ensure that the drill bit operates smoothly in accordance with a predetermined borehole trajectory.
In the prior art, drill collars are often made of materials such as steel. Although the drill collar can increase the working stability of the drill bit to a certain extent, the working stability of the drill bit is still insufficient at present. For example, in a hard formation, a soft-hard staggered formation, a gravel formation and other complex formations, downhole vibration is easily induced, which causes early damage to the teeth or cutting teeth of the drill bit and fatigue damage to the drilling tool. However, the borehole size is very limited, in which case it is difficult to improve the stability of the drilling operation by making geometric improvements to conventional drill collars.
Therefore, there is a need for a drill collar that further improves the stability of the drilling operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a drill collar capable of improving the stability of drilling.
The invention provides a drill collar which comprises a cylindrical drill collar body, wherein the density of the drill collar body is 8.8g/cm 3 To 22.6g/cm 3 And/or the elastic modulus of the collar body is between 250GPa and 540GPa, and/or the shear modulus of the collar body is between 97GPa and 280 GPa.
By the drill collar, the bending stability and the rotation stability can be improved on the premise of not changing the whole size of the drill collar, and the stability of drilling operation is improved accordingly.
In one embodiment, the density of the collar body is 12.5g/cm 3 To 19.3g/cm 3 In the meantime.
In one embodiment, the density of the collar body is 16.0g/cm 3 To 18.6g/cm 3 In the meantime.
In one embodiment, the collar body has a modulus of elasticity between 300GPa and 410 GPa.
In one embodiment, the drill collar body has a modulus of elasticity between 260GPa and 380 GPa.
In one embodiment, the shear modulus of the collar body is between 110GPa and 150 GPa.
In one embodiment, the shear modulus of the collar body is between 100GPa and 141 GPa.
In one embodiment, the collar body comprises nickel in an amount between 1wt% and 15 wt%, preferably between 1wt% and 11 wt%, and more preferably between 1wt% and 7 wt%.
In one embodiment, the collar body comprises tungsten in an amount between 78 wt% and 99 wt%, preferably between 85wt% and 99 wt%, more preferably between 90wt% and 99 wt%.
In one embodiment, the drill collar body comprises iron in an amount between 0.5wt% and 10 wt%, preferably between 0.5wt% and 5wt%, more preferably between 0.5wt% and 3wt%, and/or the drill collar body comprises copper in an amount between 0.5wt% and 10 wt%, preferably between 0.5wt% and 5wt%, more preferably between 0.5wt% and 3 wt%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by the drill collar, the stability of drilling operation can be improved on the premise of not changing the overall size of the drill collar.
Drawings
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a drill collar according to the present invention;
FIGS. 2-4 show schematic structural views of alternative embodiments of drill collars according to the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the drill collar 100 includes a generally cylindrical hollow drill collar body 101, and an upstream joint (e.g., internal thread) 102 and a downstream joint (e.g., external thread) 103 respectively provided at both ends of the drill collar body 101. When the drill collar 100 is assembled into a drilling tool, the upstream sub 102 is closer to the wellhead and the downstream sub 103 is closer to the bottom of the well. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the upstream sub 102 and the downstream sub 103 are integrally formed with the collar body 101. However, it should be understood that the upstream sub 102 and the downstream sub 103 may be manufactured separately from the collar body 101 and connected together by threaded connections or the like.
In one embodiment, theThe density of the collar body 101 is about 8.8g/cm 3 To 22.6g/cm 3 The elastic modulus is between about 250-540GPa and the shear modulus is between about 100-280 GPa. Compared with the existing steel drill collar with the same size, the weight of the drill collar is improved by about 0.12 to 1.88 times, the elastic modulus is improved by about 0.20 to 1.62 times, and the shear modulus is improved by about 0.25 to 2.5 times. Correspondingly, the maximum bit pressure for avoiding the sinusoidal buckling of the drill collar is improved by about 0.16-1.75 times, the torsional strain energy of the drill collar under the same condition is reduced by about 20.6-71.7%, and the working stability of drilling operation is improved according to experiments and field practices.
Preferably, the density of the collar body 101 is about 12.5g/cm 3 To 19.3g/cm 3 Between about 300-410GPa in elastic modulus and about 110-150GPa in shear modulus. Compared with the existing steel drill collar with the same size, the weight of the drill collar is improved by about 0.60 to 1.46 times, the elastic modulus is improved by about 0.46 to 1.0 time, and the shear modulus is improved by about 0.38 to 0.89 time. Correspondingly, the maximum bit pressure for avoiding the sinusoidal buckling of the drill collar is improved by about 0.52-1.21 times, and according to experiments and field practices, the torsional strain energy of the drill collar under the same conditions is reduced by about 27.8% -47.1%, and the working stability of drilling operation is improved.
In one embodiment, the weight, bending stiffness, and torsional stiffness of the collar body 101 can be varied by selecting the material. For example, the collar body 101 may be made of a material such as inconel. The density of the drill collar body 101 made of inconel is about 12.5g/cm 3 To 18.9g/cm 3 Between about 300-400GPa in elastic modulus and between about 110-150GPa in shear modulus. The drill collar main body prepared from the material has the advantages of improving the weight of the drill collar, improving the instability critical load of the drill collar, reducing vibration of a drilling tool and a drill bit, preventing well deviation and the like.
In one embodiment, the collar body 101 may be made of tungsten-nickel-copper alloy or the like. The density of the drill collar body 101 made of tungsten-nickel-copper alloy is about 12.5g/cm 3 To 18.9g/cm 3 Between about 300-400GPa in elastic modulus and between about 110-150GPa in shear modulus. The drill collar main body made of the material has the advantages of improving the weight of the drill collar and improving the drillCritical load of instability of the collar, reduction of vibration of a drilling tool and a drill bit, prevention of well deviation, provision of a nonmagnetic environment and the like.
The effect of shear modulus on borehole stability, and the advantages of the drill collar 100 of the present invention, will be further illustrated by comparative examples and examples.
Comparative example
A drill collar is provided, the drill collar body of which is made of the existing common alloy steel (AISI4145H chrome molybdenum alloy steel). The density of the drill collar is about 7.85g/cm 3 The elastic modulus was about 206GPa and the shear modulus was about 79 GPa.
Example 1
A drill collar has a collar body made of a material containing 85W-10.5Ni-4.5 Fe. The density of the drill collar is about 16.0g/cm 3 The elastic modulus is about 260GPa and the shear modulus is about 97 GPa.
Example 2
A drill collar has a collar body made of a material containing 90W-7Ni-3 Fe. The density of the drill collar is about 17.1g/cm 3 The elastic modulus was about 310GPa and the shear modulus was about 115 GPa.
Example 3
A drill collar has a collar body made of a material containing 93W-4.9Ni-2.1 Fe. The density of the drill collar is about 17.6g/cm 3 The elastic modulus is about 340GPa and the shear modulus is about 126 GPa.
Example 4
A drill collar has a collar body made of a material comprising 97.1W-1.4Ni-0.7Fe-0.8 Co. The density of the drill collar is about 18.6g/cm 3 The elastic modulus is about 380GPa, and the shear modulus is about 140 GPa.
Using a drill collar with the outer diameter of 228.6mm and the inner diameter of 76.2mm, a straight borehole with the diameter of 311.2mm and a drilling fluid density of 1.2g/cm 3 Taking the torque of 10 kN.m as an example, the experimental parameter comparison analysis of drill collars made of different materials is carried out. The results are shown in the following table.
The straight well sinusoidal buckling critical load refers to a specific axial load of a drilling tool structure in a straight well hole for starting sinusoidal buckling. When the load reaches the buckling threshold, the structural configuration will suddenly jump to another random equilibrium state. If the buckling deformation is a sine curve, the buckling deformation is sine buckling, and if the buckling deformation is a spiral curve, the buckling deformation is spiral buckling; buckling is the process of losing load bearing capacity when a member has not yet reached yield, and due to wellbore constraints, the load bearing capacity is still present after the drill string has buckled. However, such buckling may result in a substantial reduction in the stability of the entire drilling tool and the safety and reliability of the drilling operation.
The moment of inertia, also called mass moment of inertia, is a measure of the inertia of a rigid body when it rotates around an axis, and the role in rotational dynamics is equivalent to the mass in linear dynamics.
Torsional strain energy refers to the potential energy stored in the drill string in the form of strain and stress as the drill string is torqued, and frequent accumulation and release of torsional strain energy is a significant cause of downhole vibration of the drill string and drill bit.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the density of the present invention is about 8.8g/cm 3 To 22.6g/cm 3 In between (e.g., between 16.0-18.6 g/cm) 3 In between) and having an elastic modulus of between about 250GPa and 540GPa (e.g., between 260-380 GPa), and a shear modulus of between about 97GPa and 280GPa (e.g., between 97-141GPa) enable a higher increase in stability of the drilling operation. The method is mainly characterized in that parameters such as weight, elastic modulus, shear modulus, buckling critical load, pendulum force of the drill collar after the well deviation, rotational inertia during rotation and the like are greatly increased, torsional strain energy is greatly reduced, the motion stability of a bottom drilling tool assembly is facilitated, and the probability of complexity and risk such as underground vibration and well deviation is reduced.
Some alternative embodiments of drill collars are shown in fig. 2-4.
As shown in FIG. 2, the drill collar 200 includes a collar body including an inner sleeve 201 and an outer sleeve 202 radially nested within one another. In one embodiment, the inner sleeve 201 is made of the above-described material, which preferably comprises tungsten, more preferably also comprises nickel; outer sleeve 202 is made of other materials (e.g., steel). In another embodiment, outer sleeve 202 is made from the above-described material, which preferably comprises tungsten, and more preferably also comprises nickel; the inner sleeve 201 is made of other material (e.g., steel).
The drill collar 200 can improve the stability of the drilling process and has good cost efficiency.
As shown in FIG. 3, the drill collar 300 includes a drill collar body including a first sleeve 301, a second sleeve 302, and a third sleeve 303 nested radially within one another, with the second sleeve 302 positioned between the first sleeve 301 and the third sleeve 303. The second sleeve 302 may be made of the above-described material, which preferably comprises tungsten, more preferably also comprises nickel; the first sleeve 301 and the third sleeve 303 may be made of other materials (e.g., steel). The first sleeve 301 and the third sleeve 303 may be made of the same material or may be made of different materials. In one embodiment, the first sleeve 301 and the third sleeve 303 are joined at one end (e.g., by an upstream or downstream joint or other auxiliary connection portion). Thereby, a cavity for arranging the second sleeve 302 is formed between the first sleeve 301 and the third sleeve 303. A second sleeve 302 is filled in the cavity.
As shown in FIG. 4, the drill collar 400 includes a drill collar body including a first sleeve 401, a second sleeve, and a third sleeve 403 radially nested within one another, with the second sleeve being positioned between the first sleeve 401 and the third sleeve 403. The second sleeve comprises a first 402A and a second 402B filling body arranged in the longitudinal direction, adjacent first 402A or second 402B filling bodies being spaced apart by the second 402B or first 402A filling body, in case a plurality of first 402A and/or a plurality of second 402B filling bodies are provided. In one embodiment, the first filling body 402A may be made of the above-mentioned material, which preferably includes tungsten, and more preferably also includes nickel. The second packing body 402B, the first sleeve 401, and the third sleeve 403 are made of other materials. They may be made of the same material or of different materials. For example, the first sleeve 401 and the second sleeve 402 may be manufactured in advance, and then the first filling body 401A and the second filling body 402B may be disposed therein according to specific needs. For this, the overall ratio of the first filling body 401A and the second filling body 402B, and the corresponding height occupied by each of the first filling body 401A and the second filling body 402B may be adjusted. Therefore, the overall weight of the drill collar 400 can be adjusted according to specific needs, the gravity center position of a drilling tool comprising the drill collar 400 can be adjusted accordingly, and the gravity center position of the drill collar 400 can be adjusted according to specific needs. Therefore, the stability of the drilling operation is improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A drill collar comprises a cylindrical drill collar body, wherein the drill collar body comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a third sleeve which are sleeved together in the radial direction, the second sleeve is positioned between the first sleeve and the third sleeve, the first sleeve and the third sleeve are connected at one end part, so that a cavity for arranging the second sleeve is formed between the first sleeve and the third sleeve, the second sleeve is filled in the cavity,
wherein the first sleeve and the third sleeve are made of steel, and the second sleeve comprises 85wt% -97.1wt% of tungsten, 1.4wt% -10.5wt% of nickel, 0.7wt% -4.5wt% of iron, and 0% of copper or 0.5-0.8wt% of copper.
2. The drill collar of claim 1, wherein the nickel is present in an amount between 1.4wt% and 7 wt%.
3. The drill collar of claim 2, wherein the nickel is present in an amount between 1.4wt% and 4.9 wt%.
4. A drill collar as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tungsten content is between 90wt% and 97.1 wt%.
5. The drill collar as recited in claim 4, wherein the tungsten content is between 93wt% and 97.1 wt%.
6. A drill collar as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the iron content is between 0.7% and 3% by weight.
7. The drill collar of claim 6, wherein the iron is present in an amount between 0.7wt% and 2.1 wt%.
8. A drill collar as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said second sleeve has a density of 16.0g/cm 3 To 18.6g/cm 3 The elastic modulus of the second sleeve is between 260GPa and 380GPa, and the shear modulus of the second sleeve is between 115GPa and 141 GPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811191326.1A CN111042745B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Drill collar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811191326.1A CN111042745B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Drill collar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111042745A CN111042745A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
| CN111042745B true CN111042745B (en) | 2022-09-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811191326.1A Active CN111042745B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Drill collar |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111042745B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1572543A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1980-07-30 | Smit & Sons Diamond Tools | Drilling tools |
| GB2099020B (en) * | 1981-05-26 | 1984-05-23 | Tseung Alfred Chan Chung | Corrosion protection method |
| JPS5884187A (en) * | 1981-11-09 | 1983-05-20 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Composite sintered body tool and manufacture |
| EP0182759B2 (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1993-12-15 | Santrade Ltd. | Cemented carbide body used preferably for rock drilling and mineral cutting |
| CN2031440U (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-01-25 | 四川石油管理局地质勘探开发研究院 | Telecontrol tungsten alloy weighing rod |
| US5976716A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1999-11-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Substrate with a superhard coating containing boron and nitrogen and method of making the same |
| EP2419271A4 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2013-05-01 | Chevron Usa Inc | Structural components for oil, gas, exploration, refining and petrochemical applications |
| US8397562B2 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2013-03-19 | Aps Technology, Inc. | Apparatus for measuring bending on a drill bit operating in a well |
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2018
- 2018-10-12 CN CN201811191326.1A patent/CN111042745B/en active Active
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