CN111042740A

CN111042740A - Drill bit and drill rod

Info

Publication number: CN111042740A
Application number: CN201911414502.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞; 李仁民; 王建兰; 王涛; 杨东升
Original assignee: Jiangsu South & East Geotechnical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu South & East Geotechnical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-04-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a drill bit, which comprises a hollow pipe and a cutting head, wherein the two ends of the hollow pipe are opened; a cutting head is hinged on the cutting end, the cutting head can rotate between an open position and a closed position; the cutting head is provided with a body, the body is provided with an inner side surface and an outer side surface which are opposite, and when the cutting head is positioned at a closed position, the inner side surface of the body is abutted against the cutting end of the hollow pipe; when the cutting head is positioned at the opening position, the cutting head does not seal the inner cavity of the hollow tube when being observed along the axial direction of the hollow tube, and a passage is arranged between the inner cavity of the hollow tube and the cutting head; and a cutting knife for cutting soil is formed on the outer side surface of the body, and the blade of the cutting knife protrudes out of the outer side surface of the body. The application also discloses a drill rod manufactured by the drill bit. The anchor cable can be conveniently placed at a set position by using the drill bit and the drill rod, and the influence on the quality of a pile body caused by the fact that soil enters concrete or cement soil is avoided.

Description

Drill bit and drill rod

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a drill bit for drilling an anchor hole and a drill rod provided with the drill bit.

Background

At present, the anchor cable is generally installed by firstly forming a drill hole, removing a drill rod from the drill hole, then lowering the anchor cable into the drill hole, and preferably pouring concrete or cement soil to form a pile body. However, as the soil quality of a partial area is loose, in the process of withdrawing the drill rod from the drill hole, the situation of hole wall collapse often occurs, so that the partial drill hole is blocked, the anchor cable cannot reach the set position, and the overall strength of the pile body is affected. In addition, in the process of pouring concrete or cement soil, partial soil enters the concrete or cement soil, and the quality of the pile body is affected.

At present, a special stirring rod is required to be adopted to stir the concrete or the cement so as to ensure that the density of the pile body is uniform and avoid the hollow phenomenon.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the application firstly provides a drill bit, the anchor cable can be conveniently placed at a set position by using the drill bit, and the influence on the quality of a pile body caused by the fact that soil enters concrete or cement soil is avoided, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

a drill bit comprises a hollow pipe and a cutting head, wherein the hollow pipe is in a cylindrical shape which extends along an axis and has two open ends, one end of the hollow pipe is formed into a mounting end, and the other end of the hollow pipe is formed into a cutting end; the cutting head is connected to the cutting end of the hollow tube through a hinge, and the cutting head can rotate between an open position and a closed position through the hinge; under the action of external force, the cutting head can rotate from a closed position to an open position;

the cutting head is provided with a body, the body is provided with an inner side surface and an outer side surface opposite to the inner side surface, and when the cutting head is positioned at a closed position, the inner side surface of the body is abutted against the end surface of the cutting end of the hollow pipe; when the cutting head is positioned at the open position, the cutting head does not seal the inner cavity of the hollow tube when viewed along the axial direction of the hollow tube, and a passage is arranged between the inner cavity of the hollow tube and the cutting head;

and a cutting knife for cutting soil is formed on the outer side surface of the body, and the blade of the cutting knife protrudes out of the outer side surface of the body.

Preferably, at least two cutting blades are formed on the outer side surface of the body, and the at least two cutting blades are radially arranged on the outer side surface of the body with the central portion of the body as the center.

When the drill bit is used, the drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the hollow rod, and the inner cavity of the hollow rod is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow tube of the drill bit, so that a drill rod with a hollow inner cavity which is communicated up and down is formed. After the drilling rod is used for completing excavation of a drilled hole, the drilling rod is temporarily not lifted upwards, then the anchor cable is inserted into the through hole of the rod body, the lower end of the anchor cable can be abutted against the cutting head of the drill bit, then the drilling rod is lifted upwards and slowly, the cutting head can be overturned outwards around the hinged piece under the self weight and the abutting pressure of the anchor cable, so that the cutting end of the hollow tube is opened, the anchor cable penetrates out of the hollow tube downwards, the set position is reached, then the drilling rod is lifted upwards out of the ground, and the drilling rod is separated from. Utilize the drill bit in this application, can be after sinking the anchor rope to the settlement position, promote the drilling rod out of the ground, promote out of the ground with the drilling rod in-process, even the condition that the pore wall of taking place drilling collapsed, also no longer cause the influence to sinking of anchor rope.

When the drill rod made of the drill bit and the hollow rod is used for drilling, after the anchor cable sinks, concrete or cement can be poured into the drill hole when the drill rod is lifted upwards, the drill rod can rotate in the lifting process, the concrete or the cement is stirred, the drilling, the anchor cable sinking and the pouring are finished at one time, the manufacturing time of the anchor cable pile can be effectively shortened, and the quality of the anchor cable pile is improved. Because the drill rod is still remained in the drill hole in the process of pouring the concrete or the cement soil, and the stirring and pouring of the concrete or the cement soil are completed in the process of lifting the drill rod, the anchor cable can be kept at the central position of the pile hole, and the quality of the anchor cable pile is ensured.

In the process of lifting the drill rod upward while pouring concrete or cement into the borehole, the concrete or cement may be injected into the borehole from the gap between the drill rod and the borehole.

Further, when the cutting head is in the closed position, the cutting blades are in the shape of long strips extending along the radial direction of the hollow pipe, and relative to a first plane which is perpendicular to the axis and cuts the hollow pipe, the distance between the cutting edge of at least one cutting blade and the first plane is gradually reduced from the central part of the body to the edge of the body.

The design can enable the cutting knife on the cutting head to form a conical body with the middle protruding outwards, the cutting head can be favorably cut into the soil body downwards, meanwhile, when the soil body is cut, the soil body cut off can be pushed to move towards the direction deviating from the cutting head to the periphery, namely, when the cutting head digs downwards along the vertical direction, the soil body cut off is favorably moved upwards, and the soil body is sent to the ground.

Preferably, in order to enable the cutting blade to be inserted into the soil body, the cutting blade is in the form of an elongated strip extending in the radial direction of the hollow tube when the cutting head is in the closed position, and grooves are provided in the cutting blade at intervals in the direction of extension of the cutting blade, the grooves penetrating the cutting edge of the cutting blade.

Preferably, the cutting blades are a plurality of protrusions which are arranged at intervals and radially arranged with the central part of the body as the center. Further, set up a plurality of sword grooves on the body, cutting sword detachably installs on the body, when the cutting sword was worn and torn, can directly change the cutting sword to guarantee going on smoothly of construction, and need not to change whole drill bit. The cutting knives are arranged in a radial shape and are arranged at intervals, and long-strip-shaped knife grooves can be formed in the outer side face of the body, so that the processing difficulty of equipment is reduced, the installation difficulty of the cutting knives on the knife grooves is also reduced, and the cutting knives can be fixed on the body through bolts. Or the cutter groove is processed into a dovetail shape, and a corresponding mounting part is arranged on the cutter so that the cutter can be directly inserted into the cutter groove to firmly connect the cutter and the body together.

Further, a boss is formed on the inner side surface of the body, and when the cutting head is located at the closed position, the boss extends into the inner cavity of the hollow tube. Furthermore, the inner wall of the cutting end of the hollow tube is formed with an inner inclined plane which expands outwards, the boss is provided with an outer inclined plane which is adapted to the inner inclined plane, and when the cutting head is positioned at the closed position, the outer inclined plane is attached to the inner inclined plane.

After the boss stretched into the inner chamber of hollow tube, can strengthen cutting head and hollow tube at the joint strength of radial direction, avoid in the work progress, the separation phenomenon takes place for cutting head and hollow tube, after setting up interior inclined plane and the outer inclined plane that can be in the same place each other in the setting, in the work progress, under the two-way promotion of hollow tube and soil body, can make the cutting head laminate on the hollow tube very closely, not only be favorable to the joint strength between cutting head and the hollow tube, but also can utilize the cutting head to seal the inner chamber of hollow tube, with the volume that furthest reduced the soil body and entered into the hollow tube, avoid the soil body to cause the jam to the inner chamber of hollow tube.

Specifically, for convenience of connection, a first fixing lug is arranged on the cutting end of the hollow pipe, and a second fixing lug capable of being detachably connected with the first fixing lug is arranged on the body of the cutting head; the first and second fixing ears are collectively formed as the hinge.

Furthermore, in order to lead the excavated earthwork out to the ground smoothly, a spiral blade is formed on the outer wall of the hollow pipe, and one end of the spiral blade facing the cutting end extends outwards along the axial direction out of the end surface of the cutting end to form an end surface cutting knife. During the excavation, the earth cut by the drill bit is pushed upwards and then moves upwards along the spiral groove between the spiral pieces to reach a set position or is output to the ground.

Secondly, this application still provides a drilling rod, and it includes the hob and installs the one end drill bit at the hob, and this drill bit is arbitrary among the above-mentioned technical scheme, and this hob includes the body of rod and encircles the body of rod flight on this body of rod outer peripheral face, the body of rod has the through-hole of the terminal surface at the both ends of a run-through body of rod, the inner chamber of this through-hole intercommunication hollow tube.

Utilize this drilling rod when excavating drilling, after the excavation of accomplishing drilling, temporarily not upwards promote the drilling rod, then insert the anchor rope in the through-hole of the body of rod, the lower extreme of anchor rope can support and lean on the cutting head of drill bit, then upwards slowly promote the drilling rod, the cutting head can outwards overturn around the articulated elements under the support of dead weight and anchor rope to open the cutting end of hollow tube, make the anchor rope wear out the hollow tube downwards, reach the settlement position, then upwards promote out ground with the drilling rod, and break away from the anchor rope. And then pouring cement or concrete into the drilled hole to finish the manufacture of the anchor rod. Or after the anchor cable reaches the set position, the drill rod is lifted upwards, cement soil or concrete is poured into the drill hole, and the drill rod is rotated to stir the cement soil or the concrete so as to shorten the construction time of the anchor rod.

When the anchor cable is placed, the drill rod still remains in the drill hole, so that the problem that the drill hole is blocked due to the collapse of the hole wall possibly generated in the lifting process of the drill rod is avoided. Meanwhile, the stirring function of the drill rod is utilized, the uniformity of the rod body of the anchor rod can be improved, and the construction time of the anchor rod can be shortened. Because the drill rod is still remained in the drill hole in the process of pouring the concrete or the cement soil, and the stirring and pouring of the concrete or the cement soil are completed in the process of lifting the drill rod, the anchor cable can be kept at the central position of the pile hole, and the quality of the anchor cable pile is ensured.

Even if the drill rod is lifted out of the drill hole after the anchor cable is sunk, and then concrete or cement soil is poured, the situation that the drill rod is sagged due to the fact that the drill hole wall is touched to the inner wall of the drill hole in the lifting process and the anchor cable does not reach a set position any more and influence is generated is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the cutting head after opening.

Fig. 4 is a view along a-a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a drawing of an embodiment of a cutting blade.

Fig. 6 is a drawing of another embodiment of a cutting blade.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the drill rod.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a drill 100 includes a hollow tube 11 and a cutting head 20, the hollow tube 11 is a tube shape extending along an axis 101 and having two open ends, one end of the hollow tube 11 is formed as a mounting end 113, and the other end of the hollow tube 11 is formed as a cutting end 114; the cutting head 20 is connected to the cutting end of the hollow tube via a hinge 30, the cutting head 20 being rotatable between an open position and a closed position via the hinge 30; under the action of external force, the cutting head can rotate from the closed position to the open position.

In fig. 1 and 2, the cutting head is in a closed position, and in fig. 3 and 4, the cutting head is in an open position.

The cutting head 20 has a body 21 which is substantially circular and plate-shaped, having an inner side 26 and an outer side 27 opposite to the inner side 26, the inner side 26 of the body 2 abutting against the end face of the cutting end 114 of the hollow tube when the cutting head 20 is in the closed position; when the cutting head is in the open position, the cutting head does not close the inner cavity of the hollow tube when viewed along the axial direction of the hollow tube, and a passage is arranged between the inner cavity of the hollow tube and the cutting head and at least can enable an anchor cable to pass through the passage. In fig. 3, the cutting head 20 is in a freely hanging position under the influence of gravity, and the cutting head 20 is in a fully open position, so that the interior of the hollow tube 11 has a larger opening position.

A cutting blade 22 for cutting soil is formed on the outer side surface 27 of the body, and a blade 222 of the cutting blade 22 protrudes from the outer side surface 27 of the body. When the cutting head is driven by the hollow tube to rotate, the cutting blade 22 can cut soil downwards to perform drilling operation.

In the present embodiment, four cutting blades are formed on the outer side surface 27 of the body 21, and when the cutting head is in the closed position, the cutting blades are elongated and extend in the radial direction of the hollow tube, and the distance between the cutting edge of each cutting blade and a first plane 102 perpendicular to the axis 101 and cutting the hollow tube is gradually reduced from the central portion of the body toward the edge of the body. The four cutting blades are radially arranged on the outer side surface of the body by taking the central part of the body as a center, namely the four cutting blades are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the body. The inner end of the cutting insert has a greater distance than the outer end with respect to the first plane 102.

In this embodiment, four cutting blades are provided, and one ends of the four cutting blades 22 facing the central portion of the body are connected together to form one common end 223. The cutting blades are connected at the central portion of the body to form one cutting blade in appearance, but the cutting blades are also an aggregate of a plurality of cutting blades. Of course in other embodiments the ends of the cutting inserts towards the central portion of the body may not be connected together, i.e. there may be no common end portion.

It can be understood that in other embodiments, only two cutting blades may be provided, and the two cutting blades are symmetrically arranged, so that when the cutting blades cut soil, a relatively uniform moment can be formed on the body. The cutting blades of the present embodiment are arranged along a circle, and it can be understood that when the cutting head body is large, the cutting blades can be arranged along two circles, please refer to fig. 5, in fig. 5, two circles of cutting blades are provided, wherein four first cutting blades 310 are provided, four first cutting blades 310 are radially and uniformly distributed around the central portion of the first body 300 and are located in a circle close to the central portion, that is, the four first cutting blades 310 are arranged in a circle. Eight second cutting blades 320 are radially distributed around the central portion of the first body 300 and are located in a ring near the edge of the first body 300, i.e., the eight second cutting blades 320 are arranged in a circle. Of course in other embodiments the cutting blade may be provided with three, four or more turns.

Referring to fig. 6, in other embodiments, the cutting blades are a plurality of protrusions 410 spaced apart from each other and radially arranged about a central portion of the second body 400.

The cutting insert is provided with grooves 221 at intervals in the extension direction of the cutting insert, and the grooves 221 penetrate the cutting edge 222 of the cutting insert 22.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a boss 25 is formed on the inner side surface 26 of the body 21, when the cutting head 20 is in the closed position, the boss 25 extends into the inner cavity of the hollow tube, an inner inclined surface 112 is formed on the inner wall 111 of the cutting end of the hollow tube 11, the inner inclined surface 112 is inclined to gradually expand from inside to outside, and an outer inclined surface 251 is formed on the boss 25, the inner inclined surface 112 is in contact with the outer inclined surface 251 when the cutting head is covered on the hollow tube, so that the body is tightly adhered to the hollow tube when the cutting blade is cutting soil, the cutting head is prevented from loosening, and the external soil is effectively prevented from entering the hollow tube, in particular, the inner inclined surface 112 is a conical surface, the taper α of the inner inclined surface 112 is 12 °, the outer inclined surface is also a conical surface, the taper β of the outer inclined surface is 12 °, that the inner inclined surface 112 and the outer inclined surface 251 have the same inclination, so as to form a closer fit, in other embodiments, the inner inclined surface is also an elliptical taper 251, and the outer inclined surface may be a taper surface which is 12 °, or a taper surface which is different from the inner inclined surface, and the outer inclined surface 251.

In this embodiment, a first mounting lug 15 is disposed on the outer edge of the cutting end 114 of the hollow tube, two second mounting lugs 23 are disposed on the outer edge of the body 21 of the cutting head at intervals, the first mounting lug 15 is clamped between the two second mounting lugs 23, the second mounting lug 23 and the first mounting lug 15 are connected together by a pin 31, and the first mounting lug 15, the second mounting lug 23 and the pin 31 together form a hinge 30.

The cutting head 20 is characterized in that a first fixing lug 16 is arranged on the cutting end 114 of the hollow tube 11, a first pin hole 161 is formed in the first fixing lug 16, two second fixing lugs 24 are arranged on the body 21 of the cutting head at intervals, a second pin hole 241 is formed in the second fixing lug 24, the first fixing lug 16 can be inserted between the two second fixing lugs 24 and inserted into the second pin hole 241 and the first pin hole 161 through pins, and the cutting head 20 is fixed on the hollow tube 11 so as to be convenient to transport and store. During construction, there is no connection between the first and second fixing lugs 16 and 24, so that the cutting head 20 can be separated from the hollow tube 11.

A spiral piece 12 is formed on the outer wall of the hollow tube 11, one end of the spiral piece 12 facing the cutting end 114 extends outwards along the axial direction to form an end face cutting blade 13, an end face groove 132 is formed on the end face cutting blade 13, and the end face groove 132 penetrates through an end face cutting edge 131 of the end face cutting blade.

Hereinafter, a drill rod will be described, which includes a screw rod 200 and a drill 100 mounted at one end of the screw rod 200, the screw rod 200 including a rod body 210 and a rod body screw 220 surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the rod body 210, the rod body 210 having a through hole 230 penetrating end surfaces of both ends of the rod body, the through hole 230 communicating with the inner cavity 115 of the hollow tube 11. The upper end of the rod body is provided with a gear 240, and the motor drives the drill rod to rotate through the gear 240.

The first flange 14 is installed on the installation end 113 of the hollow pipe 11, the second flange 250 is installed on the lower end of the rod body 210, and the drill 100 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 200 through the first flange 14 and the second flange 250 to form a drill rod.

After drilling of the pile hole is completed, the drill rod is lifted upwards for a certain distance, so that the cutting head can reach an opening position, then the anchor cable is inserted into the through hole from one end 201, far away from the drill bit, of the through hole 230 of the rod body, the lower end of the anchor cable is abutted against the cutting head, the cutting head is made to rotate from the opening position from the closing position under the action of the gravity of the cutting head and the gravity of the anchor cable, a through channel is formed between the hollow pipe and the cutting head, the anchor cable extends into the pile hole from the channel, then concrete or cement soil is injected into the pile hole, the drill rod is pulled out of the pile hole, and construction of the anchor cable is completed. In the construction process of the anchor cable, the anchor cable can be installed without pulling the drill rod out of the pile hole, and the problem that the anchor cable possibly cannot reach the set position due to collapse of the pile hole is avoided.

In the process of pouring concrete or cement paste, the channel formed by the through hole 230 of the rod body and the inner cavity 115 of the hollow tube can be used as a pouring channel of concrete or cement. In order to avoid the problem that concrete or cement causes great abrasion to the inner wall of the rod body and the inner wall of the hollow pipe in the pouring process and influence the service life, the grouting pipe can be inserted into the channel formed by the through hole 230 of the rod body and the inner cavity 115 of the hollow pipe, and cement paste or cement is injected into the drilled hole through the grouting pipe.

Claims

1. A drill bit is characterized by comprising a hollow tube and a cutting head, wherein the hollow tube is in a tube shape which extends along an axis and has two open ends, one end of the hollow tube is formed into a mounting end, and the other end of the hollow tube is formed into a cutting end; the cutting head is connected to the cutting end of the hollow tube through a hinge, and the cutting head can rotate between an open position and a closed position through the hinge; under the action of external force, the cutting head can rotate from a closed position to an open position;

2. The drill bit of claim 1,

at least two cutting blades are formed on the outer side surface of the body, and the at least two cutting blades are radially arranged on the outer side surface of the body by taking the central part of the body as a center.

3. The drill bit of claim 2 wherein the cutters are elongate extending in a radial direction of the hollow tube when the cutting head is in the closed position, the distance between the cutting edge of at least one cutter and a first plane perpendicular to the axis and cutting the hollow tube decreasing from the central portion of the body towards the edges of the body.

4. The drill bit of claim 2, wherein the cutters are elongated in a radial direction of the hollow tube when the cutting head is in the closed position, and grooves are provided in the cutters at intervals in a direction in which the cutters extend, the grooves extending through the cutting edges of the cutters.

5. The drill bit of claim 1,

the cutting knives are a plurality of bulges which are arranged at intervals and radially arranged by taking the central part of the body as the center.

6. The drill bit of claim 1 wherein a boss is formed on the inside surface of the body and extends into the interior cavity of the hollow tube when the cutting head is in the closed position.

7. A drill bit according to claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the cutting end of the hollow tube is formed with an inwardly inclined surface which flares outwardly, and the boss has an outwardly inclined surface which conforms to the inwardly inclined surface and which abuts the inwardly inclined surface when the cutting head is in the closed position.

8. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein a first securing ear is provided on the cutting end of the hollow tube, and a second securing ear is provided on the body of the cutting head that is removably connectable to the first securing ear; the first and second fixing ears are collectively formed as the hinge.

9. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein a helical blade is formed on the outer wall of the hollow tube, and an end of the helical blade facing the cutting end extends axially outward beyond the end face of the cutting end to form an end face cutter.

10. A drill rod having a screw shaft with a drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted at one end thereof, the screw shaft comprising a shaft body and a shaft body flight surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the shaft body, the shaft body having a through hole extending through end surfaces of both ends of the shaft body, the through hole communicating with an inner cavity of a hollow tube.