CN111041292A - Forged aluminum alloy and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Forged aluminum alloy and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111041292A CN111041292A CN201911357445.4A CN201911357445A CN111041292A CN 111041292 A CN111041292 A CN 111041292A CN 201911357445 A CN201911357445 A CN 201911357445A CN 111041292 A CN111041292 A CN 111041292A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy casting for automobiles, and particularly relates to a forged aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof. The forged aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg: 0.65 to 0.85%, Si: 1.3-1.5%, Mn: 0.80-1.0%, Cr: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, Sc: 0.05 to 0.15%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. Through the synergistic effect of the Sc element and other elements, the AlSiMg alloy structure can be refined, the secondary dendrite spacing is smaller, and the tensile strength of the alloy is improved. The process for preparing the product by using the raw material components is simple and easy to operate, and the obtained forged aluminum alloy has strength, hardness and conductivity suitable for manufacturing light automobile parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forged aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the field of aluminum alloy casting for automobiles.
Background
At present, new energy automobiles are developed vigorously, and the improvement of the utilization rate of energy is a very key subject. The fuel efficiency can be improved by about 8-10% when the weight of the automobile is reduced by 10%. Therefore, the automobile is greatly lightened in all countries, aluminum has the characteristics of small density, light weight, good heat dissipation, good corrosion resistance and the like, the aluminum alloy has excellent plasticity, and the die casting process is suitable for casting, forging and stamping processes and is most suitable for the die casting process for producing automobile parts. At present, the use of high-strength aluminum alloy to replace cast iron and steel parts is a very effective means.
For aluminum alloy, different raw material components and preparation processes are adopted, the performances of the obtained alloy are greatly different, and in order to obtain the automobile forged aluminum alloy with excellent strength, hardness and conductivity, a novel forged aluminum alloy and a novel process need to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a forged aluminum alloy for automobiles, which has good strength, hardness and electrical conductivity.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a wrought aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy consisting of, in weight percent: mg: 0.65 to 0.85%, Si: 1.3-1.5%, Mn: 0.80-1.0%, Cr: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, Sc: 0.05 to 0.15%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
In the raw material components, the Sc element and the Al are added to form an Al3Sc phase, so that on one hand, the Al3Sc phase and the AlTiB grain refiner generate a synergistic effect to refine the AlSiMg alloy structure, and the secondary dendrite spacing is smaller; on the other hand, Al3Sc phase is dispersed and distributed, which is beneficial to improving the tensile strength of the alloy. In addition, Sc can improve the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and avoid the generation of coarse grains in the subsequent forging heat treatment process.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy consists of the following components in percentage by weight: mg: 0.7-0.8%, Si: 1.3-1.4%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.03 to 0.05%, Ti: 0.02-0.03%, Sc: 0.07 to 0.12%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 740-760 ℃;
s2: mixing 99.999 percent N2 with a powdery refining agent, blowing the mixture into the molten alloy for degassing and refining, and slagging off;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: performing online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a two-stage filtering system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm;
s5: and (4) casting the cast rod into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace for homogenizing treatment to obtain the forged aluminum alloy.
Preferably, in step S1, the electromagnetic stirring is started when the alloy melt temperature is 680 ℃.
Preferably, the refining temperature in the step S2 is 745-760 ℃.
Preferably, N in step S22The pressure of (A) is controlled to be 0.6-0.8 MPa.
Preferably, in step S4, the hydrogen content is controlled to be 0.07-0.09 ml/100g before casting.
Preferably, the homogenization temperature in step S5 is 530 ℃ to 540 ℃, and the time is 3-7 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the raw material components, the Sc element and the Al are added to form an Al3Sc phase, so that the Al3Sc phase and the AlTiB grain refiner generate a synergistic effect to refine an AlSiMg alloy structure, and the secondary dendrite spacing is smaller; and the tensile strength of the alloy is improved. In addition, Sc can improve the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and avoid the generation of coarse grains in the subsequent forging heat treatment process.
2. The preparation process is simple and easy to operate, and the obtained forged aluminum alloy is suitable for manufacturing light automobile parts in strength, hardness and conductivity.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention for further description, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all those commonly used in the art, and the methods used are all those conventionally used in the art.
Example 1
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.65%, Si: 1.3%, Mn: 0.80%, Cr: 0.02%, Ti: 0.02%, Sc: 0.05%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 740 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, blowing into the molten alloy, degassing, refining at 745 deg.C, and removing slag; wherein N is2The pressure of (2) is 0.6 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.07ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 530 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Example 2
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.67%, Si: 1.35%, Mn: 0.85%, Cr: 0.03%, Ti: 0.025%, Sc: 0.06%, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 745 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with powdered refining agent, and blowing into molten alloyDegassing, refining and slagging off at 750 ℃; wherein N is2The pressure of (2) is 0.65 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.075ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 532 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Example 3
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.70%, Si: 1.4%, Mn: 0.9%, Cr: 0.035%, Ti: 0.035%, Sc: 0.07%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 748 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, blowing into the molten alloy, degassing and refining at 752 deg.C, and removing slag; wherein N is2The pressure of (2) is 0.70 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.08ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 535 ℃ for 4.5 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Example 4
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.80%, Si: 1.42%, Mn: 0.93%, Cr: 0.05%, Ti: 0.04%, Sc: 0.10%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 750 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, blowing into the molten alloy, degassing and refining at 755 deg.C, and removing slag; wherein N is2The pressure of (2) is 0.75 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.083ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 536 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Example 5
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.83%, Si: 1.46%, Mn: 0.96%, Cr: 0.055%, Ti: 0.045%, Sc: 0.14%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 755 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, blowing into molten alloy, degassing and refining at 758 deg.C, and removing slag; whereinN2The pressure of (2) is 0.77 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.087ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 538 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Example 6
A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.85%, Si: 1.5%, Mn: 1.0%, Cr: 0.06%, Ti: 0.05%, Sc: 0.15%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation process of the forged aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 760 ℃; starting electromagnetic stirring when the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with a powdery refining agent, blowing the mixture into the alloy liquid, degassing and refining at 760 ℃, and slagging off; wherein N is2The pressure of (2) is 0.8 MPa;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: carrying out online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a front filter plate 40ppi and a rear filter plate 60ppi double-stage filter system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm; controlling the hydrogen content to be 0.09ml/100g before casting;
s5: the cast bar was put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace and homogenized at 540 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain a forged aluminum alloy.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 3 only in that the alloy liquid is not subjected to electromagnetic stirring during the melting process.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 3 only in that the grain refining treatment was not performed on the alloy liquid after refining.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 3 only in that the hydrogen content was not controlled prior to casting.
Comparative example 4
The present comparative example differs from example 3 only in that the cast bar was not subjected to the homogenizing heat treatment.
The examples 1 to 6 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to the performance test, and the test results are shown in table 1;
table 1: performance test results of forged aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A wrought aluminium alloy, characterized in that the aluminium alloy consists of the following components in weight percent: mg: 0.65 to 0.85%, Si: 1.3-1.5%, Mn: 0.80-1.0%, Cr: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, Sc: 0.05 to 0.15%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy consists of, in weight percent: mg: 0.7-0.8%, Si: 1.3-1.4%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.03 to 0.05%, Ti: 0.02-0.03%, Sc: 0.07 to 0.12%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
3. A process for the preparation of an aluminium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the weight percentage of each component, and smelting the raw materials into alloy liquid at 740-760 ℃;
s2: using 99.999% N2Mixing with a powdery refining agent, blowing the mixture into the molten alloy for degassing and refining, and slagging off;
s3: adding an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the refined alloy liquid to carry out grain refinement treatment;
s4: performing online degassing treatment on the refined aluminum liquid by adopting 99.999% Ar, and casting the degassed aluminum liquid after being treated by a two-stage filtering system to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 70 mm;
s5: the cast bar is put into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace for homogenizing treatment.
4. The process for producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, electromagnetic stirring is started when the alloy melt temperature is 680 ℃.
5. The manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of refining in the step S2 is 745-760 ℃.
6. The process for producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein N in the step S22The pressure of (A) is controlled to be 0.6-0.8 MPa.
7. The process of manufacturing an aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein the step S4 is performed before casting while controlling the hydrogen content to 0.07 to 0.09ml/100 g.
8. The process of claim 4, wherein the homogenization temperature in step S5 is 530 ℃ to 540 ℃, and the time is 3-7 hours.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112442617A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-05 | 宁波吉顺汽车配件有限公司 | Deformed aluminum alloy for automobile inflating valve, preparation method and application |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090260724A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Heat treatable L12 aluminum alloys |
| CN104328316A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-02-04 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Production method of large diameter 6063 aluminum alloy round ingot casting billet |
| CN105838938A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-10 | 广西南南铝加工有限公司 | Preparing method for 6-series aluminum alloy sectional bar |
-
2019
- 2019-12-25 CN CN201911357445.4A patent/CN111041292A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090260724A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Heat treatable L12 aluminum alloys |
| CN104328316A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-02-04 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Production method of large diameter 6063 aluminum alloy round ingot casting billet |
| CN105838938A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-10 | 广西南南铝加工有限公司 | Preparing method for 6-series aluminum alloy sectional bar |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112442617A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-05 | 宁波吉顺汽车配件有限公司 | Deformed aluminum alloy for automobile inflating valve, preparation method and application |
| CN112442617B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-04-19 | 宁波吉顺汽车配件有限公司 | Deformed aluminum alloy for automobile inflating valve, preparation method and application |
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