CN111040302A - 一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子 - Google Patents

一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子 Download PDF

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CN111040302A
CN111040302A CN201911373298.XA CN201911373298A CN111040302A CN 111040302 A CN111040302 A CN 111040302A CN 201911373298 A CN201911373298 A CN 201911373298A CN 111040302 A CN111040302 A CN 111040302A
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王圭平
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Abstract

一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其制作箱子的板材为中空蜂窝板，中空蜂窝板中间的塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5‑8份，樟木粉末5‑8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60‑90份，抗氧剂0.4‑0.8份，加工助剂0.5‑5份；本发明使用中空蜂窝板，并将制作塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中混合进艾草粉末、樟木粉末，利用艾草粉末和樟木粉末的特性，通过挤出的工艺手段制备出具有抗菌抗病毒等功效的塑料材料，使有效成分均匀分布在最终制成的中空蜂窝板中，提高了中空蜂窝板多方面的性能，可以有效防止板材的霉变，延长了箱子的使用寿命，且让箱子在箱子循环、周转使用时的使用过程更加安全。

Description

一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子
技术领域
本发明涉及箱体材料领域，尤其涉及一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子。
背景技术
较为大型的箱子一般用于运输装卸和仓贮，如用于物流快递的循环包装，周转箱，家庭被服收纳箱，该类箱子通常采用较为结实的塑料制作，会使用较长一段时间，更加环保，但也由于其使用时间较长，使用环境经常转换，内部存放的物品多种多样，接触的人员繁杂，或者会在阴暗的仓库中长时间存放，使用时会有各种细菌滋生，也容易遭受螨虫、霉变的侵害，不仅导致箱子无法继续使用，箱内存放的书籍、玩具、服装收纳或者个人物品，如被子等物品也无法继续使用，需要对箱子进行进一步的改造，提高其防螨虫、防细菌和防霉效果；艾草等中草药中含有的免疫活性物质如生物碱、有机酸等，可通过改变某些微生物的结构或影响细菌的代谢活动而起到杀菌所用，有一定的抑菌功能；又如樟木中含有樟脑、芳香醇、α-葎草烯、石竹烯、檀香醇、佛手柑油烯、L-柠檬烯等成分都有不同程度的驱虫作用和抑菌效果，传统化学防霉剂(如五氯酚钠等)虽防霉效果较佳，但因毒性大、残留度高等原因被禁止使用，如何利用中草药的特性提高箱子的防霉、防螨虫效果，同时使箱子更加绿色环保，成为进一步改进的方向。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术存在的问题提供一种改进的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于：制作箱子的板材为中空蜂窝板，中空蜂窝板中间的塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5-8份，樟木粉末5-8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60-90份，抗氧剂0.4-0.8份，加工助剂0.5-5份。
所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：原材料准备阶段：将艾草用清水冲洗表面杂质，捞出后自然晾干，将晾干后的艾草放入粉碎机内粉碎至2000目艾草粉末；将樟木晾干后至2000目樟木粉末；
S2：将艾草粉末、樟木粉末、聚丙烯原料颗粒、抗氧剂和加工助剂按照比例放入塑料挤出机中，完成熔融、挤出过程；
S3：将挤出后的塑料蜂窝夹芯定型、冷却；
S4：将塑料蜂窝夹芯两侧分别粘结底板和面板，完成中空蜂窝板的制作；
S5：根据箱子的尺寸对中空蜂窝板进行切割。
进一步地，所述艾草粉末可用粗艾绒粉末替代。
进一步地，所述抗氧剂由抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168复合而成，复配比例为1:1-4:1。
进一步地，所述加工助剂包括润滑剂，所述润滑剂选用改性乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺(TAF)或聚乙烯蜡。
进一步地，在所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加天然环保抗菌剂、载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料，所述天然环保抗菌剂为野菊花乙醇提取物和蛇床子乙醇提取物的混合物，并在原材料准备阶段将天然环保抗菌剂溶于水中，加入多孔壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石纳米材料，涡旋后过滤，用水洗涤2-3次后，干燥得载有活性成分以及银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料。
进一步地，所述野菊花乙醇提取物，所述蛇床子乙醇提取物和载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料在原材料中的重量份数为野菊花乙醇提取物1.5份，蛇床子乙醇提取物1.5份，载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料8-10份。
进一步地，在所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加了改性助剂，所述改性助剂在原材料中的重量份数为5-8份；所述改性助剂包括相容剂和偶联剂，相容剂选用乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物(GMA)或马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAN)中的一种或两种的混合物，偶联剂选用硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
进一步地，所述中空蜂窝板的厚度为0.6-1.5cm。
进一步地，所述中空蜂窝板内侧还粘合有抑菌功效加强层，抑菌功效加强层具体为纳米银抗菌纸。
与现有技术相比，本发明防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子对制作箱子的板材进行了改进，使用中空蜂窝板，并将制作塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中混合进艾草粉末、樟木粉末，利用艾草粉末和樟木粉末的特性，通过挤出的工艺手段在不损害或者较小损害中草药固有特性的前提下制备出具有抗菌抗病毒等功效的塑料材料，使有效成分均匀分布在最终制成的中空蜂窝板中，提高了中空蜂窝板多方面的性能，可以有效防止板材的霉变，延长了箱子的使用寿命，且让箱子在箱子循环、周转使用时的使用过程更加安全，高效环保、持久性强、价格便宜，十分实用。并在此基础上进一步改进，追求在绿色环保的前提下进一步增强防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的效果，添加了天然环保抗菌剂，并使其能较好地配合挤出的制作工艺，具有创新性；使用本发明制作的箱子能长时间存放物品，如被子、服装等个人用品，在保证不发霉、滋生细菌的同时，也比普通箱子更加安全。并且使用在快递运输时，由于箱子本身具有抑菌作用，无需多次清理。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其制作箱子的板材为中空蜂窝板，中空蜂窝板中间的塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5-8份，樟木粉末5-8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60-90份，抗氧剂0.4-0.8份，加工助剂0.5-5份。
优选地，艾草粉末可用粗艾绒粉末替代，但成本会更高。
优选地，所述抗氧剂由抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168复合而成，复配比例为1:1-4:1。
优选地，加工助剂包括润滑剂，所述润滑剂选用改性乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺(TAF)或聚乙烯蜡。
上述塑料蜂窝夹芯的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：将收割的艾草用清水冲洗表面杂质，捞出后自然晾干，将晾干后的艾草放入粉碎机内粉碎至2000目艾草粉末；将樟木晾干后至2000目樟木粉末；
S2：将艾草粉末、樟木粉末、聚丙烯原料颗粒、抗氧剂和加工助剂按照比例放入塑料挤出机中，完成熔融、挤出过程；
S3：将挤出后的塑料蜂窝夹芯定型、冷却；
S4：将塑料蜂窝夹芯两侧分别粘结底板和面板，完成中空蜂窝板的制作；
S5：根据箱子的尺寸对中空蜂窝板进行切割。之后可以对板材进行弯折、连接的地方进行粘合，制成箱子。
实施例2
与实施例1不同的是，在塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加了进一步提高防细菌效果的天然环保抗菌剂，天然环保抗菌剂为野菊花乙醇提取物和蛇床子乙醇提取物的混合物，二者按照1：1的重量份数比混合而成，其中总黄酮含量不低于30％；现代药理研究表明，野菊花含有挥发油，具有广谱的抗菌作用，其中的樟脑、龙脑是其发挥抑菌作用的主要成分；野菊花乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌有明显的抑菌作用；而蛇床子具有抗真菌、病毒、滴虫等药理作用，对抑制昆虫体壁的几丁质沉积也表现出杀虫活性；为了天然环保抗菌剂能更好地通过塑料挤出的工艺添加到塑料蜂窝夹芯中，还加入了载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料。
本实施例中塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5-8份，樟木粉末5-8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60-90份，野菊花乙醇提取物1.5份，蛇床子乙醇提取物1.5份，载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料8-10份，抗氧剂0.4-0.8份，加工助剂0.5-5份。
上述塑料蜂窝夹芯的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：原材料准备阶段：将收割的艾草用清水冲洗表面杂质，捞出后自然晾干，将晾干后的艾草放入粉碎机内粉碎至2000目艾草粉末；将樟木晾干后至2000目樟木粉末；
S2：将天然环保抗菌剂溶于水中，加入多孔壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石纳米材料，涡旋后过滤，用水洗涤2-3次后，干燥得载有活性成分以及银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料；
S3：将艾草粉末、樟木粉末、聚丙烯原料颗粒、载有活性成分以及银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料、抗氧剂和加工助剂按照比例放入塑料挤出机中，完成熔融、挤出过程；
S4：将挤出后的塑料蜂窝夹芯定型、冷却；
S5：将塑料蜂窝夹芯两侧分别粘结底板和面板，完成中空蜂窝板的制作；
S6：根据箱子的尺寸对中空蜂窝板进行切割。之后可以对板材进行弯折、连接的地方进行粘合，制成箱子。
即在原料准备的过程中增加对天然环保抗菌剂的处理步骤。
实施例3
与实施例2不同的是，在塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加了改性助剂，用于提高塑料蜂窝材料的稳定性；改性助剂包括相容剂和偶联剂，相容剂选用乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物(GMA)或马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAN)中的一种或两种的混合物，偶联剂选用硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
经改进后的改性助剂的质量份数为5-8份，本实施例中塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5-8份，樟木粉末5-8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60-90份，野菊花乙醇提取物1.5份，蛇床子乙醇提取物1.5份，载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料8-10份，改性助剂抗氧剂5-8份，0.4-0.8份，加工助剂0.5-5份。
优选地，中空蜂窝板的厚度为0.6-1.5cm。
优选地，中空蜂窝板内侧还粘合有抑菌功效加强层，内侧即制成箱子后处于箱子内侧的一面，抑菌功效加强层具体为纳米银抗菌纸，纳米银作为一种无机抗菌剂，具有安全、高效、广谱抗菌、耐热性好、无耐药性等优点，纳米银抗菌纸中银纳米粒子分布均匀、粒径小且大小均一，具有快速、高效、广谱的杀菌功效。
使用本发明的防虫蛀复合塑料板材制作好包装箱后，可在包装箱内外两侧均包覆上一层塑料薄膜，防止有效物质的挥发，待包装箱到达使用者手中进行使用时再自行拆除薄膜。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于：制作箱子的板材为中空蜂窝板，中空蜂窝板中间的塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料包括以下重量份数的原料，艾草粉末5-8份，樟木粉末5-8份，聚丙烯原料颗粒60-90份，抗氧剂0.4-0.8份，加工助剂0.5-5份。
2.所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：原材料准备阶段：将艾草用清水冲洗表面杂质，捞出后自然晾干，将晾干后的艾草放入粉碎机内粉碎至2000目艾草粉末；将樟木晾干后至2000目樟木粉末；
S2：将艾草粉末、樟木粉末、聚丙烯原料颗粒、抗氧剂和加工助剂按照比例放入塑料挤出机中，完成熔融、挤出过程；
S3：将挤出后的塑料蜂窝夹芯定型、冷却；
S4：将塑料蜂窝夹芯两侧分别粘结底板和面板，完成中空蜂窝板的制作；
S5：根据箱子的尺寸对中空蜂窝板进行切割。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述艾草粉末可用粗艾绒粉末替代。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂由抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168复合而成，复配比例为1:1-4:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述加工助剂包括润滑剂，所述润滑剂选用改性乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺(TAF)或聚乙烯蜡。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，在所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加天然环保抗菌剂、载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料，所述天然环保抗菌剂为野菊花乙醇提取物和蛇床子乙醇提取物的混合物，并在原材料准备阶段将天然环保抗菌剂溶于水中，加入多孔壳聚糖/纳米羟基磷灰石纳米材料，涡旋后过滤，用水洗涤2-3次后，干燥得载有活性成分以及银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述野菊花乙醇提取物，所述蛇床子乙醇提取物和载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料在原材料中的重量份数为野菊花乙醇提取物1.5份，蛇床子乙醇提取物1.5份，载银的纳米多孔二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合材料8-10份。
8.根据权利要求7所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，在所述塑料蜂窝夹芯的原材料中添加了改性助剂，所述改性助剂在原材料中的重量份数为5-8份；所述改性助剂包括相容剂和偶联剂，相容剂选用乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物(GMA)或马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAN)中的一种或两种的混合物，偶联剂选用硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述中空蜂窝板的厚度为0.6-1.5cm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的防螨虫、防细菌和防霉的箱子，其特征在于，所述中空蜂窝板内侧还粘合有抑菌功效加强层，抑菌功效加强层具体为纳米银抗菌纸。
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