CN111039616B - Concrete composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Concrete composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111039616B CN111039616B CN201911240364.6A CN201911240364A CN111039616B CN 111039616 B CN111039616 B CN 111039616B CN 201911240364 A CN201911240364 A CN 201911240364A CN 111039616 B CN111039616 B CN 111039616B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 48
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006244 Medium Thermal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/04—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming
- B28B1/045—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming combined with vibrating or jolting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
- B28B1/093—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means directly acting on the material, e.g. by cores wholly or partly immersed in the material or elements acting on the upper surface of the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a concrete composition, concrete resistant to chloride corrosion and application thereof. The composition adopts mineral admixtures such as fly ash and slag powder and polypropylene fiber, greatly improves the durability of the concrete revetment material under the severe environment of dry-wet cycle-chloride ion corrosion coupling action, has important significance on the quality reliability of the revetment project of the falling zone, has the characteristics of low raw material cost and wide source, and is beneficial to popularization and application of the concrete revetment material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a concrete composition and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The durability of hydraulic concrete is often threatened by environmental deterioration and climate change, and the problem of service life reduction caused thereby has caused serious loss to many countries. The hard bank protection project built by hydraulic concrete for defending against the panning of water waves and maintaining the stability of a shoreline is divided into a sub-tidal zone, a hydro-fluctuation zone and an up-tidal zone from underwater to water according to the protection area. The tide rising and the tide falling of the river seawater enable the concrete bank protection material serving in the hydro-fluctuation belt to be in a severe environment with the coupling action of dry-wet circulation and chloride ion corrosion for a long time.
In the patent disclosed so far, the protection of the bank hydro-fluctuation belt is mainly to enhance the function of the bank protection material by the following ways: improving the appearance shape of the concrete revetment block to reduce the impact of water waves (CN 105130293A); secondly, optimizing the arrangement structure of the revetment block to weaken the sliding instability of the revetment block on the slope surface (CN 110106830A); thirdly, adopting semi-natural bank protection measures, namely planting emergent aquatic plants in the hollow building blocks, and effectively inhibiting rainstorm and runoff erosion by utilizing the energy absorption function of the stems and leaves of the vegetation (CN 104620838A); and fourthly, adding a 'net-shaped coat' which is good in flexibility, firm and firm, such as an iron wire cage and the like to the revetment block to form a gabion, and playing a role in flood fighting protection and water purification (CN 108951542A). At present, the research of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank protection engineering in the existing literature mostly focuses on ecological restoration taking the hydro-fluctuation belt of the three gorges reservoir as a research object, and all focuses on improving the bank protection effect by planting plants from the ecological angle.
The method and the technology are optimized and improved from links above the block size of the revetment material, the performance optimization of the revetment material only stays in the aspect of improving the anti-scouring by an external means, and the anti-scouring and anti-erosion performance of the concrete revetment material serving as a multiphase composite material is not considered. The existing concrete revetment material uses cement, sand, stone and water as raw materials, and the design of the mixing proportion still stays in the production stage of common concrete blocks. The composition of the material determines the material structure, which determines the properties of the material. Therefore, the concrete revetment material with good dry-wet cycle resistance and chloride ion corrosion resistance is urgently needed to be invented from the design of concrete mixing ratio to replace the traditional revetment material, and the reliability and durability of the revetment project are improved from the material source.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a concrete composition in a first aspect, the composition adopts mineral admixtures such as fly ash and slag powder and polypropylene fiber, the durability of the concrete shore protection material under the severe environment of dry-wet cycle-chloride ion corrosion coupling action is greatly improved, the composition has excellent chlorine salt corrosion resistance, has important significance on the quality reliability of the landing zone shore protection engineering, and simultaneously has the characteristics of low raw material cost and wide source, and is beneficial to popularization and application of the concrete shore protection material.
A second aspect of the invention provides a concrete.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the concrete.
In a fourth aspect the invention provides a concrete composition and use of a concrete as described above.
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a concrete composition comprising cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, synthetic fibres and optionally further components selected from fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and a water reducing agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is present in an amount of 40-70% by mass, e.g., 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 57%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 64%, 65%, 67%, 68%, 70% and any value therebetween, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is present in an amount of 48-65% by weight, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cement is present in an amount of 48 to 55% by mass, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash is present in an amount of 5-40% by mass, e.g., 5%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 35%, 37%, 40% and any value therebetween, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash is present in an amount of 5 to 15% by mass, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fly ash is present in an amount of 8 to 12% by mass, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slag powder is present in an amount of 5-40% by mass, e.g., 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 40% and any value therebetween, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slag powder is present in an amount of 20 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the slag powder is present in an amount of 28 to 32% by weight, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the silica fume is present in an amount of 3-15% by mass, e.g., 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15% by mass and any value therebetween, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the silica fume is present in an amount of 6 to 12% by weight, based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the silica fume is present in an amount of 9 to 12% by mass based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1 (0.5-4), such as 1:0.5, 1:0.7, 1:0.8, 1:1, 1:1.3, 1:1.5, 1:1.7, 1:2.0, 1:2.3, 1:2.5, 1:2.7, 1:3.0 and any value therebetween, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is higher than the above ratio, the 28d compressive strength of the bank protection material is reduced, the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient is increased, and the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is lower than the above ratio, the 28d compressive strength of the bank protection material is increased, and the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient is decreased.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of fly ash to slag powder is 1 (1.5-3).
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1 (2-3).
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers are incorporated in a volume amount of 0.05 to 0.2%, such as 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.10%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.20% and any value therebetween, based on the volume of the concrete composition.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers are incorporated in an amount of 0.1 to 0.15% by volume of the concrete composition.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers are selected from one or more of polypropylene fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyamide fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fiber has a tensile strength of 300MPa or more, an elastic modulus of 3500MPa or more, and a fracture-derived ratio of 8 to 30%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the synthetic fibers have a length of 5 to 15nm, such as 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm and any value therebetween, and the synthetic fibers having a length that is too long may result in poor fiber dispersibility and new pores in concrete, thereby reducing the chlorine ion corrosion resistance of the material. If the length is too short, the hydrophobic effect of the fibers is hardly exerted, and the bridging effect of the hardened slurry is hardly exerted, so that the mechanical properties of the concrete cannot be improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers have a length of 8-12 nm.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers are polypropylene fibers having a length of 8-12nm, more preferably 12 nm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the synthetic fibers are polypropylene fibers, wherein the polypropylene fibers have a tensile strength of not less than 300MPa, an elastic modulus of not less than 3500MPa, and a fracture derivatization rate of 8-30%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the synthetic fibers are polypropylene fibers that meet JGJ/T221-.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fine aggregate is present in an amount of 100-300% by mass, for example 100%, 150%, 200%, 250%, 300% by mass and any value therebetween, based on the total mass of the cement, the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fine aggregate is present in an amount of 150-250% by mass based on the total mass of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amount of fine aggregate can be finely adjusted according to the change of the properties of raw materials and the workability of the mixture, depending on the actual application.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse aggregate is present in an amount of 200-400% by mass, for example 200%, 250%, 300%, 350%, 400% by mass and any value therebetween, based on the total mass of the cement, the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass content of the coarse aggregate is 250-350% based on the total mass of the cement, the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the coarse aggregate can be finely adjusted according to the change of the properties of raw materials and the workability of the mixture, depending on the actual construction conditions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water is present in an amount of 30-50% by mass, such as 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50% and any value in between, based on the total mass of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water is present in an amount of 33-45% by mass, based on the total mass of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amount of water added can be finely adjusted according to the actual application conditions, depending on the properties of the raw materials and the workability of the mixture.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reducing agent is present in an amount of 0.3 to 2% by mass, such as 0.3%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and any value therebetween, based on the total mass of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reducing agent is present in an amount of 0.5 to 1% by mass, based on the total mass of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the water reducing agent can be finely adjusted according to the actual construction conditions, the property variation of raw materials and the workability of mixture.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is 42.5 moderate heat cement or 42.5 portland cement.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is 42.5 portland cement.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the cement is a medium thermal cement of 42.5 meeting the technical requirements of GB/T200-2003 Medium thermal Portland Cement, Low thermal slag Portland Cement.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the cement is 42.5 portland cement meeting the technical requirements of GB/T175-2007 general Portland Cement.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash is a class I fly ash.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the class I fly ash has a 45 μm square mesh screen residue of 12% or less and a water demand ratio of 95% or less.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the fly ash is a class I fly ash that meets the technical requirements of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slag powder is grade S95 slag powder or grade S105 slag powder.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the S95 grade slag powder is more than or equal to 400m2The activity index of 28d is more than or equal to 95, and the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 0.06wt percent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the S105-grade slag powder is more than or equal to 500m2The activity index of 28d is more than or equal to 105, and the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 0.06 wt%.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the slag powder is grade S95 slag powder meeting the technical requirements of GB/T18046-2008 granulated blast furnace slag powder for use in cement and concrete.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the slag powder is grade S105 slag powder that meets the technical requirements of GB/T18046-.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the silica fume has a chloride ion content of 0.1 w% or less, a loss on ignition of 4% or less, a water demand ratio of 125% or less, and a 7d activity index of 105% or more.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the silica fume is silica fume which meets the technical requirements of GB/T27690-2011 silica fume for mortar and concrete.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fine aggregate is sand.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sand has a fineness modulus of 3.0 to 2.3, a stone dust content of less than 12%, a chloride ion content of 0.06wt% or less, and a crush index of 25% or less.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the sand is firm sand with a nominal particle size of less than 5.00mm, which meets the technical requirements of hydraulic concrete JTS 202-2-2011 "quality control standards for concrete for water transportation engineering".
According to some embodiments of the invention, the coarse aggregate is stone.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stone is of 5-25mm continuous grade, the content of needle-shaped particles in the stone is < 20%, and the crushing index is < 20%.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the stone is crushed stone or pebble with a 5-20mm continuous grading grain size, which meets the technical requirements of hydraulic concrete JTS 202-2-2011 'quality control standard for concrete for water transportation engineering'.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reducing agent has a chloride ion content of 0.06wt% or less and a water reducing rate of 18% or more.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reducer comprises one or more of a naphthalene based water reducer, a sulfamic acid based water reducer and a polycarboxylic acid based water reducer.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the water reducer is a high-performance water reducer meeting the technical requirements of GB 8076-.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the concrete comprises a concrete composition according to the first aspect described above.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the method of making the concrete comprises:
1) providing a concrete composition of the first aspect;
2) stirring the concrete composition to form a concrete mixture, wherein the slump value of the concrete mixture is preferably within the range of 40-60 mm;
3) and forming and curing the concrete mixture.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method for preparing the concrete comprises the following specific steps:
(1) uniformly mixing and stirring the accurately weighed raw materials;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, then removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days or spraying water for curing in a natural environment to obtain the concrete material.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a concrete composition or concrete as described above in a hydro-fluctuation belt revetment material, especially for combating chlorine salt erosion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the application comprises the steps of:
according to the geographical structure of the protected bank slope, the concrete material of the hydro-fluctuation belt ecological bank protection can be molded in various molds meeting the actual requirements to obtain concrete bank protection blocks with various sizes and shapes and interlocking structures, and the obtained concrete bank protection blocks are laid in hydro-fluctuation belt areas on two sides of the bank slope according to a reasonable arrangement rule, so that the effects of preventing water wave scouring and maintaining a bank line can be achieved. The block processing method can be but is not limited to: and processing the anti-chlorine-corrosion-resistant ecological bank protection concrete material of the hydro-fluctuation belt into vegetation blocks or wrapping the blocks with iron wire cages to form gabions, and then paving.
Compared with the prior art, the concrete for resisting the corrosion of the chlorine salt provided by the invention has the main advantages that:
(1) the mineral admixture such as the fly ash, the slag powder and the like and the polypropylene fiber used in the invention have the characteristics of low cost and wide source, and are beneficial to popularization and application of the concrete bank protection material;
(2) the invention reduces the use of cement, indirectly reduces the emission of carbon dioxide, is an energy-saving and environment-friendly green ecological engineering material, and conforms to the aims of sustainable development and ecological civilization construction;
(3) the invention improves the product types of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank protection materials, can be combined with the prior bank protection methods such as the technologies of planting blocks and the like, and is suitable for the renovation and bank slope protection of large, medium and small river channels and various coasts;
(4) the invention greatly improves the durability of the concrete revetment material under the severe environment of the dry-wet cycle-chloride ion corrosion coupling action, and has important significance on the quality reliability of the revetment engineering of the falling zone.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it is to be noted that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but is defined by the claims.
It should be particularly noted that two or more aspects (or embodiments) disclosed in the context of the present specification may be combined with each other at will, and thus form part of the original disclosure of the specification, and also fall within the scope of the present invention.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Reagent for experiment
Cement, Portland 42.5 cement, density 3.03g/cm3。
The fly ash is I-grade fly ash which meets the technical requirements of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete, and the density of the I-grade fly ash is 2.35g/cm3。
The slag powder meets the technical requirements of GB/T18046-2008 granulated blast furnace slag powder for cement and concrete at S95 level, and the density is 2.86g/cm3。
The silica fume meets the technical requirements of GB/T27690 plus 2011 silica fume for mortar and concrete, and the density of the silica fume is 0.21g/cm3。
The polypropylene fiber meets JGJ/T221-3。
The sand meets the technical requirements of hydraulic concrete JTS 202-2-2011 quality control standard of concrete for water transportation engineering, has firm texture and nominal grain diameter of less than 5.00mm, and has the density of 2.77g/cm3。
Stone, crushed stone or pebble with 5-20mm continuous gradation grain diameter meeting the technical requirements of hydraulic concrete JTS 202-2-2011 'quality control standard for concrete of water transportation engineering', and density of 2.75g/cm3。
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent which meets the technical requirements of GB 8076 + 2008 concrete admixture.
Example 1
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:2, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.05%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 2
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:2.5, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 3
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:3, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.15%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 4
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:4, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 5
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:1.5, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 6
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:0.67, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 7
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:0.25, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Example 8
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 6nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:3, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 1
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, basalt fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1:3, and the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 2
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, fly ash, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.15%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 3
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, slag powder, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.15%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 4
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, silica fume, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.15%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 5
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.05%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 6
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.15%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 7
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, polypropylene fiber (with the length of 12nm), sand, stone, a water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.2%;
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Wherein the contents of the components are shown in Table 2, based on 100% of the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume.
Comparative example 8
(1) Weighing corresponding cement, sand, stone, water reducing agent and water according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, uniformly mixing and stirring,
(2) pouring out the concrete mixture after stirring for 5-8 mm to detect the performance of the concrete mixture, and ensuring that the slump value is within the range of 40-60 mm;
(3) pouring the mixture into a mould, and vibrating by using a vibrator to compact;
(4) and standing the molded test piece for 24h, removing the mold, and putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days to obtain the ecological bank protection concrete material for the hydro-fluctuation belt. The invention aims to replace the traditional concrete bank protection material, the traditional concrete mostly adopts pure cement as the cementing material, so the C40 concrete is selected as the comparative example 8.
TABLE 1 compounding ratios of respective components of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 8
TABLE 2 The mass percentages of the components in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-8
Test example 1
The compressive strength of the concrete test blocks formed for 28d in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-8 was tested according to the test method of JTS 202-2-2011 "quality control Standard for concrete for Water transportation engineering", and the results are listed in Table 3;
carrying out a chloride ion permeation resistance test on the concrete test blocks formed by 28d in the embodiments 1-8 and the comparative examples 1-8, wherein a rapid chloride ion migration coefficient method (or RCM method, and a specific test method is in accordance with GB/T0082-2009 Standard test method for Long-term Performance and durability of common concrete) is adopted in the test, and the main steps comprise (1) recording voltages and passing currents applied to two ends of the test blocks; (2) recording the initial temperature and the final current of the anolyte; (3) testing the average value of the penetration depth of the chloride ions; (4) the chloride ion diffusion coefficient was calculated according to the formula (formula 1), and the results are shown in Table 3.
DRCM-chloride ion mobility coefficient, m 2/s;
u-absolute value of voltage used, V;
t is the average value of the initial temperature and the end temperature of the anode solution, K;
l is the specimen thickness, m;
Xd-mean value of chloride penetration depth, m;
TABLE 3 results of Performance test of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 8
| 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d diffusion coefficient/10-12m2·s-1 | |
| Example 1 | 61.18 | 5.11 |
| Example 2 | 58.22 | 5.02 |
| Example 3 | 55.9 | 4.10 |
| Example 4 | 52.55 | 6.03 |
| Example 5 | 51.13 | 6.15 |
| Example 6 | 49.06 | 6.87 |
| Example 7 | 48.76 | 8.18 |
| Example 8 | 55.32 | 6.16 |
| Comparative example 1 | 50.55 | 7.32 |
| Comparative example 2 | 45.19 | 10.85 |
| Comparative example 3 | 50.14 | 6.55 |
| Comparative example 4 | 74.05 | 5.71 |
| Comparative example 5 | 63.58 | 8.57 |
| Comparative example 6 | 64.98 | 7.45 |
| Comparative example 7 | 56.14 | 10.98 |
| Comparative example 8 | 69.19 | 9.76 |
As can be seen from the experimental results of examples 4 to 7: along with the increase of the FA/S ratio, the 28d compressive strength of the bank protection material is reduced, and the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient is increased, so that the improvement of the FA/S ratio is beneficial to the improvement of the chloride ion resistance and the mechanical strength of the material under the condition of certain doping amount of silica fume and polypropylene fiber.
From the experimental results of examples 3 and 8, it can be seen that: the polypropylene fiber can reduce the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient of the bank protection concrete material, but the polypropylene fiber with shorter monofilament length (6mm) has no good effect brought by the polypropylene fiber with longer monofilament length (12 mm).
From the experimental results of example 3 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that: under the condition of the same doping amount and fiber length, the polypropylene fibers and the basalt fibers have no great difference on the influence of the mechanical property of the concrete material, but obviously the polypropylene fibers can reduce the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient more obviously.
As can be seen from the experimental results of example 3 compared to comparative example 2: the composite action of a small amount of fly ash (10 percent) and slag powder and silica fume can effectively improve the chlorine ion permeation resistance of the material, but the mechanical property and chlorine resistance of the material are reduced under the condition of no synergistic action with the slag powder and the silica fume and extremely high fly ash mixing amount (50w percent).
As can be seen from the experimental results of example 3 compared to comparative example 3: the composite action of the proper amount of slag powder (30 percent) and the fly ash and the silica fume can effectively improve the chlorine ion permeation resistance of the material, but under the condition of no synergistic action with the fly ash and the silica fume, the mechanical property and the chlorine resistance of the material are reduced on the contrary under the condition of extremely high slag powder mixing amount (50w percent).
As can be seen from the experimental results of example 3 compared to comparative example 4: the compound action of a proper amount of silica fume (8 percent) and the fly ash and slag powder can effectively improve the chlorine ion permeation resistance of the material. However, under the condition of no synergistic effect with the fly ash and the slag powder, the 28d compressive strength of the material can be improved to be more than 74MPa by the extremely high silica fume mixing amount (15%), and the chloride ion permeability resistance is improved, and because the cost of the silica fume is high, and the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient of the sample of the comparative example 4 is not lower than that of the example 3, the chlorine erosion resistance is not objectively improved under the condition of high-cost mixture ratio.
As can be seen from the experimental results of comparative examples 5 to 7 of examples: excessive (0.2 v%) polypropylene fiber can cause the porosity of the concrete material to increase, the 28d chloride ion diffusion coefficient to increase, and the excessive polypropylene fiber has limited effect of improving the chloride ion permeation resistance of the concrete material.
In summary, on one hand, the elimination of any one of the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume in the mixture ratio can simplify the components of the concrete material, that is, the performance of the bank protection concrete material is more susceptible to the performance fluctuation of the raw materials. On the other hand, a plurality of admixtures are mixed in a proper amount and generate a synergistic hydration effect with cement, so that the overall performance of the material is improved, and meanwhile, a proper amount of polypropylene fibers can inhibit migration and diffusion of chloride ions along with water by utilizing the hydrophobicity of the polypropylene fibers.
Test example 2
The concrete test blocks formed in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 8 for 28d are placed in a simulated falling zone area, namely, the concrete test blocks are subjected to a dry-wet cycle test (soaking for 3d + drying for 2d) in a 5% sodium chloride solution and an indoor environment at 25 ℃, and are subjected to tests for 60d and 120d respectively;
testing the compressive strength of the concrete material according to a test method of JTS 202-2-2011 'Water transportation engineering concrete quality control Standard', and the results are listed in Table 4;
the penetration depth of the chloride ions of the concrete subjected to dry and wet circulation-chloride ion corrosion for 60d and 120d is tested according to GB/T50082-2009 Standard of the general concrete Long-term Performance and test method, and the content of the acid-soluble chloride ions in the concrete subjected to dry and wet circulation-chloride ion corrosion for 60d and 120d is tested according to JGJ/T322-2013 technical Specification for detecting the content of the chloride ions in the concrete, and the results are listed in Table 4.
Table 4 results of performance test of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 8
Note: 1. the test sampling part of the chloride ion osmotic concentration is from a region 10-20mm away from the surface of the concrete; the unit mg/g represents mg chloride ions/g concrete.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not set any limit to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (12)
1. A concrete composition is composed of cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, polypropylene fiber, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and a water reducing agent;
wherein the mass content of the cement is 49-51%, the mass content of the fly ash is 9-11%, the mass content of the slag powder is 29-31%, and the mass content of the silica fume is 9-11% by total weight of the cement, the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume;
the volume mixing amount of the polypropylene fiber is 0.14-0.17% by volume of the concrete composition;
the tensile strength of the polypropylene fiber is more than or equal to 300MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 3500MPa, and the fracture derivatization rate is 8-30%; the length of the polypropylene fiber is 8-15 mm;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder is 1 (2.7-3.0).
2. The concrete composition of claim 1, wherein the polypropylene fibers are present in an amount of 0.14 to 0.15% by volume of the concrete composition.
3. The concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polypropylene fibers are incorporated in an amount of 0.15 to 0.17% by volume of the concrete composition.
4. Concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polypropylene fibres have a length of 8-12 mm.
5. The concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass content of the fine aggregate is 100-300% based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume; the mass content of the coarse aggregate is 200-400%; the mass content of the water is 30-50%; the mass content of the water reducing agent is 0.3-2%.
6. The concrete composition as recited in claim 5, wherein the fine aggregate is present in an amount of 150-250% by weight based on the total weight of cement, fly ash, slag powder and silica fume; the mass content of the coarse aggregate is 250-350%; the mass content of the water is 35-45%; the mass content of the water reducing agent is 0.5-1%.
7. Concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cement is 42.5 moderate heat cement or 42.5 ordinary cement;
and/or the fly ash is grade I fly ash;
and/or the slag powder is S95 grade slag powder or S105 grade slag powder;
and/or the content of chloride ions in the silica fume is less than or equal to 0.1wt%, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4%, the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 125%, and the 7d activity index is more than or equal to 105%;
and/or the fine aggregate is sand;
and/or the coarse aggregate is stone;
and/or the content of chloride ions in the water reducing agent is less than or equal to 0.06wt%, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 18%.
8. The concrete composition of claim 7, wherein the cement is a portland 42.5 cement;
and/or the screen residue of a 45-micron square-hole sieve of the fly ash is less than or equal to 30 percent, the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 105 percent, and the strength activity index is more than or equal to 70 percent;
and/or the specific surface area of the S95 grade slag powder is more than or equal to 400m2The activity index of the S105-grade slag powder is more than or equal to 95/kg and the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 0.06wt%, and/or the specific surface area of the S105-grade slag powder is more than or equal to 500m2The activity index of per kg, 28d is more than or equal to 105, and the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 0.06 wt%;
and/or the fineness modulus of the sand is 3.0-2.3, the content of stone powder is lower than 12%, the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 0.06wt%, and the crushing index is less than or equal to 25%;
and/or the stone is 5-25mm continuous gradation, the content of needle-shaped particles in the stone is less than 20%, and the crushing index is less than 20%;
and/or the water reducing agent comprises one or more of a naphthalene water reducing agent, an aminosulfonic acid water reducing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
9. A concrete comprising the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A method of making concrete comprising:
1) providing a concrete composition according to any one of claims 1-8;
2) stirring the concrete composition to form a concrete mixture;
3) and forming and curing the concrete mixture.
11. The preparation method of claim 10, wherein the slump value of the concrete mixture is in the range of 40mm to 60 mm.
12. Use of a concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a concrete according to claim 9 or a concrete prepared by a method according to claim 10 or 11 in a hydro-fluctuation belt revetment material.
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| WO2014030610A1 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-02-27 | 大成建設株式会社 | Cement-based matrix and fiber-reinforced cement-based mixture |
| CN103922662A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-16 | 上海罗洋新材料科技有限公司 | Ultra-high performance cement base composite material |
| CN108409252A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-17 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of regular tenacity high durability concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109336492A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 李鹏宇 | A kind of high-impermeable concrete |
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| WO2014030610A1 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-02-27 | 大成建設株式会社 | Cement-based matrix and fiber-reinforced cement-based mixture |
| CN103922662A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-16 | 上海罗洋新材料科技有限公司 | Ultra-high performance cement base composite material |
| CN108409252A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-17 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of regular tenacity high durability concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109336492A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 李鹏宇 | A kind of high-impermeable concrete |
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