CN111038416A - Direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicle - Google Patents
Direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111038416A CN111038416A CN201911310896.2A CN201911310896A CN111038416A CN 111038416 A CN111038416 A CN 111038416A CN 201911310896 A CN201911310896 A CN 201911310896A CN 111038416 A CN111038416 A CN 111038416A
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- Prior art keywords
- power
- control unit
- controller
- generator
- engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1415—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
Abstract
The invention aims to disclose a direct current power generation and power management system for an engineering vehicle, which comprises an engine controller ECU, a generator controller GCU, a power motor, a motor controller MCU, a power distribution unit PDU and a power control unit PCU; compared with the prior art, the power control unit PCU is responsible for coordinating and managing the energy of an engine, a generator and a power system (each electric motor and the motor controller MCU) through the CAN communication and power distribution unit PDU according to the requirement of a vehicle controller VCU, and ensures the stable and efficient operation of a vehicle power grid; the GCU controls the current parameters of the generator and maintains the stable voltage of the bus; through scientific power utilization and power generation management of a power utilization system and quick and stable response of a power generation system, series power supply work of the system can be realized, quick response of power utilization load is realized within 3 seconds, and the aim of the invention is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vehicle power generation and power management system, in particular to a direct current power generation and power management system for an engineering vehicle.
Background
Construction machines such as construction rigs often employ hydraulic power systems and often rely on hydraulic motors to perform actions or travel. The hydraulic motors are powered by the hydraulic pump, which is driven by a diesel engine to provide pressure to all the hydraulic motors. The efficiency of the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump is low (the average efficiency is lower than 30%), so that the oil consumption of the engineering vehicle is high, and the vehicle operation cost is high. In order to reduce the operating costs of drilling rigs, foreign companies have transformed work vehicles, including drilling rigs, excavators, and the like, into electric drive systems. Considering that the engineering vehicles mainly operate in the field, the electric energy source generally cannot adopt an online power grid for supplying power or adopt a rechargeable battery scheme, and the electrically driven engineering vehicles are generally provided with a power generation system or an extended-range power generation system.
At present, a constant-rotating-speed generator system is adopted in most engineering power generation systems, and the power generation systems are heavy in size and high in cost; in addition, because the load of the engineering machinery changes frequently and has large amplitude, the efficiency of the generator system is not matched with the efficiency of the power utilization system, and the requirement of further reducing the oil consumption is required.
Therefore, a dc power generation and power management system for engineering vehicles is particularly needed to solve the above existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct-current power generation and power management system for an engineering vehicle, which is convenient for connecting each winding branch by means of a common bus bar aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicles comprises an engine controller ECU, a generator controller GCU, a power motor, a motor controller MCU, a power distribution unit PDU and a power control unit PCU, wherein the engine ECU is integrated on the engine; the direct-current high-voltage bus of the generator controller GCU is connected into a power distribution unit PDU and a relay which CAN be controlled by a power control unit PCU, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with a vehicle controller VCU through one CAN bus, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with an engine controller ECU, a generator controller GCU and a motor controller MCU through the other CAN bus, and the motor controller MCU is electrically connected with a power motor.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric vehicle further comprises a low-voltage storage battery, the low-voltage storage battery is connected with a direct current end of a generator of the engine, and a positive pole of the low-voltage storage battery is connected to a power distribution unit PDU for distributing low-voltage direct current to a low-voltage side of an electric appliance or a motor controller and is connected to a relay which can be controlled by a power control unit PCU.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a large capacity capacitor for voltage compensation and safety protection is provided inside the power distribution unit PDU.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a high-voltage power-on switch of the electrical appliance, a low-voltage power-on switch of the electrical appliance, a power supply switch of the electrical appliance, a low-voltage power-on switch of the generator controller GCU, and a power supply switch of the generator controller GCU are disposed in the power distribution unit PDU.
In one embodiment of the invention said power distribution unit PDU and said power control unit PCU are integrated in the same physical control box.
Compared with the prior art, the direct current power generation and power management system for the engineering vehicle has the advantages that the power control unit PCU is responsible for coordinating and managing the energy of an engine, a generator and a power utilization system (each motor and a motor controller MCU) through the CAN communication and power distribution unit PDU according to the requirement of a vehicle controller VCU, and ensures the stable and efficient operation of a vehicle power grid; the GCU controls the current parameters of the generator and maintains the stable voltage of the bus; through scientific power utilization and power generation management of a power utilization system and quick and stable response of a power generation system, series power supply work of the system can be realized, quick response of power utilization load is realized within 3 seconds, and the aim of the invention is realized.
The features of the present invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments which follows.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dc power generation and power management system for a construction vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the dc power generation and power management system for a construction vehicle according to the present invention includes an engine controller ECU, a generator HV, a generator controller GCU, a power Motor, a Motor controller MCU, a power distribution unit PDU, and a power control unit PCU.
The engine controller ECU is integrated on the engine, and the engine is provided with a low-voltage starting motor and a generator; the Generator controller GCU is electrically connected with a three-phase winding of a Generator HV Generator, and the Generator HV Generator is mechanically connected with the engine in a coaxial mode; the direct-current high-voltage bus of the generator controller GCU is connected into a power distribution unit PDU, the power distribution unit PDU distributes the high-voltage bus voltage introduced by the generator controller GCU to each power utilization branch circuit, and a relay which can be controlled by a power control unit PCU is connected into each branch circuit.
The low-voltage Battery is directly connected with a direct-current end of a Generator HV Generator of the engine, the positive pole of the low-voltage Battery is connected into a power distribution unit PDU, the power distribution unit PDU distributes the introduced low-voltage direct current to low-voltage sides of all electrical appliances or motor controllers, and is connected into a relay which can be controlled by a power control unit PCU.
The power distribution unit PDU is internally provided with a large-capacity capacitor which is responsible for voltage compensation and safety protection, the execution of a power utilization time sequence is realized, a high-voltage power-on and power-supply switch and a low-voltage power-on and power-supply switch of an electrical appliance (such as each MCU) and a GCU are positioned in the power distribution unit PDU, and the power distribution unit PDU and the power control unit PCU are inherited in the same physical control box.
The power control unit PCU is provided with 2 paths of CAN buses, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with the vehicle controller VCU through one path of CAN bus, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with the engine controller ECU, the generator controller GCU and the motor controller MCU through the other path of CAN bus respectively, and the motor controller MCU is electrically connected with the power motor.
The motor controller MCU or other electrical appliances need to adopt CAN communication, and the number of CAN buses CAN be increased or reduced according to actual use requirements.
The power control unit PCU is responsible for energy coordination and management of an engine, a generator and a power utilization system (each motor and the motor controller MCU) through the CAN communication and power distribution unit PDU according to the requirements of the vehicle controller VCU, and ensures stable and efficient operation of a vehicle power grid. The generator controller GCU controls the current parameters of the generator and maintains the bus voltage stable.
According to the direct-current power generation and power management system for the engineering vehicle, disclosed by the invention, through scientific power utilization and power generation management of a power utilization system and quick and stable response of a power generation system, the series power supply work of the system can be realized without a high-voltage battery and a battery management system BMS, and the quick corresponding of power utilization load can be realized within 3 seconds.
The working principle of the direct current power generation and power management system for the engineering vehicle is as follows:
a. standby condition: when the vehicle controller VCU does not have any work instruction input, the low-voltage Battery Battery (24V Battery) only directly supplies power to the power control unit PCU and the vehicle controller VCU, and the system is in standby low-loss operation.
b. And (3) waking up the system:
after receiving a vehicle starting signal, the vehicle controller VCU transmits an instruction to the power control unit PCU through CAN communication, the power control unit PCU recovers power supply of each internal submodule after receiving a CAN wake-up signal and works normally and completes a self-checking function, and upper and lower low-voltage control power of the generator controller GCU, the engine controller ECU, the motor controller MCU and the like are controlled one by one and then low-voltage power is supplied, so that the vehicle controller VCU CAN be ensured to be in normal communication with the generator controller GCU, and the engine controller ECU and the generator controller GCU are powered on again after the motor controller MCU has no fault. The engine is normally started by the engine controller ECU to maintain low-speed idling operation, the generator and the engine rotate synchronously, and the power control unit PCU is informed by the CAN bus after the generator controller GCU ensures that the high-voltage side generates stable high-voltage output. And the power control unit PCU replies that the vehicle controller VCU CAN normally work through the CAN after confirming no fault alarm again, and the system enters a load waiting working state.
c. Starting power utilization:
after an operator of the engineering machinery makes any instruction for the engineering machinery to act, a vehicle controller VCU converts a manual instruction into a machine load instruction and transmits the instruction (the rotating speed and torque requirement of a specific electric appliance or a motor) to a power control unit PCU through a CAN bus, and after the power control unit PCU obtains the instruction, on one hand, the corresponding motor controller MCU or other electric appliance controllers are electrified at low voltage, the power demand of a power system is calculated, the economic rotating speed of the engine is calculated according to the power demand, and then the instruction is transmitted to an engine controller ECU. The engine controller ECU obtains the requirement of the power control unit PCU and then increases the engine speed to the required value at the fastest speed, meanwhile, the generator controller GCU achieves the stabilization of the voltage of a high-voltage bus by controlling the current vector of the generator, the engine returns to the power control unit PCU after running to the specified speed, the power control unit PCU receives the confirmation of the engine controller ECU, the power control unit PCU sends the torque speed target value and the allowable current rising rate requirement to the motor controller MCU, and the motor controller MCU starts the motor according to the requirement of the power control unit PCU and enters a load working state. The time required by the system from the command of the vehicle controller VCU to the operation of the electric motor to any stable operating condition is typically less than 3s, which is sufficient for the requirements of the engineering vehicle.
In order to increase the system response speed, the power control unit PCU can also perform, according to a speed profile step in which the engine controller ECU performs a feedback: the target power is set to a plurality of values, with small arrivals being performed step by step. The target value or the power rising curve of the power consumption power is adjusted in real time, so that the power generation capacity is higher than the power consumption requirement, the power consumption load is started without waiting for the rotating speed of the engine to reach a stable speed, and the time delay caused by the rotating speed adjustment of the engine is reduced to the maximum extent.
d. And (3) power utilization adjustment:
when the action of an operator of the engineering machinery needs to increase the electric load or each single machine needs to increase the electric load, a vehicle controller VCU also needs to send an instruction to a power control unit PCU, the power control unit PCU calculates the total power demand of the system after receiving the instruction, then sends an instruction to an engine controller ECU to adjust the rotating speed of an engine, and the power control unit PCU ensures that the adjusted power demand is efficiently matched with the rotating speed of the engine and simultaneously ensures that the generating capacity of the system is greater than the power consumption capacity and the working states among a generator, the engine and a motor (the electric load) are adjusted at the fastest speed.
e. Stopping power consumption and eliminating residual high voltage:
when the operator of the engineering machinery needs less electric appliances or stops some single electric loads, the vehicle controller VCU also needs to send an instruction to the power control unit PCU, and the power control unit PCU calculates the total power demand of the system after receiving the instruction and then sends an instruction to the engine controller ECU to adjust the rotating speed of the engine.
In specific implementation, the power control unit PCU sends an instruction to the motor controller MCU to reduce power working torque or rotating speed, and the power load is reduced along with the reduction of the torque or rotating speed of the driving motor.
In an emergency or when it is necessary to ensure rapid braking of the motor, a short-term generation of power may result above the utilization of power due to the rapid release of kinetic energy from the system. This condition causes the current voltage to rise and exceed the limit value, the power control unit PCU informs the engine controller ECU to stop the fuel supply and to absorb the kinetic energy of the system by using the friction loss of the engine until the generator controller GCU detects the bus voltage drop to the limit value and then informs the engine controller ECU to resume the fuel supply operation. The limit value depends on the voltage withstanding capability and system characteristics of high-voltage devices in the motor controller MCU, the generator controller GCU and the power distribution unit PDU, and after a certain motor (electric appliance) stops working, the power control unit PCU controls the power distribution unit PDU to turn off the high-voltage power supply firstly and then turn off the low-voltage power supply.
When the vehicle controller VCU sends a stop command of the last electric appliance (motor) or the power control unit PCU receives an emergency stop command of the system, the power control unit PCU firstly informs the engine controller ECU to stop oil supply of the engine until the generator controller GCU detects that the bus voltage is lower than the lowest limit value, the engine returns oil supply and adjusts the rotating speed to the lowest idling state. The power control unit PCU issues an engine fuel cut-off command while informing the motor controller MCU to reduce the torque and the rotation speed until the operation is stopped. After the motor stops working, the power control unit PCU controls the power distribution unit PDU to cut off the high-voltage power supply of the motor and then cut off the low-voltage storage battery; and then the power control unit PCU sends an engine stop instruction to stop the engine and the generator, and controls the generator controller GCU to carry out system active discharge on the residual voltage of the bus and simultaneously controls the power distribution unit PDU to attract the passive discharge switch in the process of stopping the rotation of the engine. After the engine stops rotating, the power control unit PCU controls the power distribution unit PDU to cut off the low-voltage power supply of the generator controller GCU, and finally cuts off the communication power supply of the engine controller ECU, and the power control unit PCU enters a standby mode.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicles is characterized by comprising an engine controller ECU, a generator controller GCU, a power motor, a motor controller MCU, a power distribution unit PDU and a power control unit PCU, wherein the engine controller ECU is integrated on the engine; the direct-current high-voltage bus of the generator controller GCU is connected into a power distribution unit PDU and a relay which CAN be controlled by a power control unit PCU, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with a vehicle controller VCU through one CAN bus, the power control unit PCU is in communication connection with an engine controller ECU, a generator controller GCU and a motor controller MCU through the other CAN bus, and the motor controller MCU is electrically connected with a power motor.
2. The direct current power generation and power management system for construction vehicles according to claim 1, further comprising a low voltage battery connected to the direct current side of the generator of the engine, wherein the positive electrode of the low voltage battery is connected to the power distribution unit PDU for distributing the low voltage direct current to the low voltage side of the electric appliance or the motor controller, and is connected to a relay controllable by the power control unit PCU.
3. The direct current power generation and power management system for construction vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a large capacity capacitor for voltage compensation is provided inside the power distribution unit PDU.
4. The direct current power generation and power management system for construction vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a high voltage power-on switch of an electric appliance, a low voltage power-on switch of the electric appliance, a power supply switch of the electric appliance, a low voltage power-on switch of a generator controller GCU and a power supply switch of the generator controller GCU are provided in the power distribution unit PDU.
5. The direct current power generation and power management system for construction vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution unit PDU and the power control unit PCU are integrated in the same physical control box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911310896.2A CN111038416A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911310896.2A CN111038416A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111038416A true CN111038416A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911310896.2A Pending CN111038416A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Direct current power generation and power management system for engineering vehicle |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111969898A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-20 | 杭州赫日新能源科技有限公司 | New energy automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and control method |
| CN114900392A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-12 | 株洲嘉成科技发展股份有限公司 | Method for transmitting serial port data by CAN bus |
-
2019
- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911310896.2A patent/CN111038416A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111969898A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-20 | 杭州赫日新能源科技有限公司 | New energy automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and control method |
| CN114900392A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-12 | 株洲嘉成科技发展股份有限公司 | Method for transmitting serial port data by CAN bus |
| CN114900392B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-07-25 | 株洲嘉成科技发展股份有限公司 | Method for transmitting serial port data by CAN bus |
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