CN111037941A - Preparation system of material with nano-porous structure - Google Patents
Preparation system of material with nano-porous structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111037941A CN111037941A CN201911261975.9A CN201911261975A CN111037941A CN 111037941 A CN111037941 A CN 111037941A CN 201911261975 A CN201911261975 A CN 201911261975A CN 111037941 A CN111037941 A CN 111037941A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/20—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored
- B29C67/202—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored comprising elimination of a solid or a liquid ingredient
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for preparing a material with a nano-porous structure, which comprises: a heating unit for heating the preform containing the solvent to melt the preform and vaporize the solvent while maintaining the form of the preform; a bulking unit to bulk the heated material from the heating unit to a desired porosity; and a shaping unit shaping the expanded material from the expansion unit to obtain a material having a nanoporous structure. The invention can prepare the material with the nanometer porous structure with excellent performance by a simplified process at lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material processing and application, and mainly relates to a preparation system of a material with a nano porous structure.
Background
Nanoporous materials are generally useful as thermal insulationThermal insulation material or filter material, etc. For example, the existing thermal insulation material is generally a special gel which uses gas to replace the liquid in the gel without changing the network structure or volume of the gel per se, and is the product after the hydrogel or the organic gel is dried. It has the features of nano level porous structure, high porosity, etc. and is one of the known solid materials with low density. Such insulation was first made in the 30's of the 20 th century by professor Kistler. The preparation process is complicated and long, and the preparation method is expensive and fragile, so that the preparation method does not attract attention for a long time. With the rapid development of sol-gel technology since the 70 s of the 20 th century, extensive attention has been paid to the research and development of inorganic heat insulating materials based on silica and synthetic polymer heat insulating materials represented by resorcin/formaldehyde and melamine/formaldehyde polycondensates. The porous structure with a large number of nanometer sizes in the heat-insulating material endows the material with ultrahigh porosity (80-99.8%) and high specific surface area (100-1600 m)2(0.004-0.500 g/cm) and ultralow density3) And the like, so that the material has wide application prospects in various fields such as optics, electricity, acoustics, heat, catalysis and the like.
Mixing organic silicon, ethanol and deionized water under an acidic condition, adding phenolic resin, adding ammonia water, carrying out sealed aging on the obtained phenolic resin-silicon dioxide composite hydrogel, carrying out solvent replacement by adopting ethanol and n-hexane to obtain phenolic resin-silicon dioxide composite gel containing an n-hexane solvent, and drying by using supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain the phenolic resin-silicon dioxide composite heat insulation material; dissolving cellulose in NaOH/urea/water solution to obtain cellulose solution, adding chitosan for blending, adjusting the pH value to be acidic to obtain chitosan-cellulose mixed sol, then mixing the chitosan-cellulose mixed sol with potassium permanganate solution, converting the chitosan in a sol system into chitosan carbon by a hydrothermal method, uniformly loading manganese dioxide in the chitosan carbon-cellulose sol system, and finally obtaining the manganese dioxide-chitosan carbon-cellulose gel urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive additive by freeze drying; according to patent CN106564235B, melamine, formaldehyde and water are placed in a reactor, a catalyst, a buffering agent, a solubilizer and a stabilizer are sequentially added, an emulsifier and a plasticizer are added after the melamine is completely dissolved, the mixture is placed in a closed container for gel aging to obtain gel, then absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone are used for replacement, the replaced gel material is subjected to solvent replacement by absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and finally, the melamine nano gel particles are obtained after drying.
The existing preparation processes are all improved aiming at the preparation process of sol-gel, no innovation is provided on the drying method, the preparation processes are complex, and the related preparation equipment is bulky, so that the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure, which can prepare a material having a nanoporous structure with excellent performance at a low cost and in a simplified process.
The system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to the present invention comprises: a heating unit for heating the preform containing the solvent to melt the preform and vaporize the solvent while maintaining the form of the preform; a bulking unit to bulk the heated material from the heating unit to a desired porosity; and a shaping unit shaping the expanded material from the expansion unit to obtain a material having a nanoporous structure.
By adopting the preparation system, the preform is melted and the solvent is gasified, namely, the expansion does not occur, by the heating unit under the state of keeping the shape unchanged. The heated material from the heating unit is then expanded by the expansion unit to increase the volume to the desired porosity, whereby the porosity can be controlled by controlling the expansion process performed in the expansion unit to obtain the desired material. The preparation system has simple structure and strong applicability, can greatly simplify the preparation process of the material with the nano porous structure, and reduces the cost. Compared with the existing freeze drying and supercritical drying preparation process, the preparation method is more convenient, quicker and more economical, and the aperture is adjustable, and the existing methods of supercritical carbon dioxide drying and vacuum freeze drying need to form gel before drying and then dry, but the method does not need the step of forming gel. In addition, the existing porous material preparation process generally adopts means such as high-temperature oil bath for puffing, and the puffing process is uncontrollable, so that the preparation system can control the puffing process and further realize the adjustment of porosity. The preparation system can prepare nano porous materials with the porosity of more than 80 percent, and can be suitable for preparing various materials with nano porous structures, such as heat insulation materials with nano porous structures, filter materials with nano porous structures and the like.
Preferably, the heating unit is formed in a spiral conveying and heating structure, and includes: a screw extrusion section, a conveying section connected to the screw extrusion section, and a heating section for heating the screw extrusion section; the screw extrusion part is provided with a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port receives the prefabricated body, and the discharge port is connected with one end of the conveying part; the conveying part is formed into a shape with a constant volume; the puffing unit is connected with the other end of the conveying part, and is formed into a shape with the volume gradually increasing from the upstream end; the shaping unit is connected with the downstream end of the puffing unit.
According to the present invention, the preform containing the solvent can be efficiently conveyed while heating it to melt and vaporize the solvent in a screw-conveying and heating manner; the shape of the heated material is kept unchanged through the conveying part with the unchanged volume; the bulking process is controlled by the bulking units with the gradually increased volumes from the upstream end, so that the material is gradually bulked to increase the volume until the required porosity is reached; and then cooling and shaping are carried out in a shaping unit. The invention can realize the controllability of the puffing process by a simple structure.
Preferably, the screw extrusion part comprises a shell and a screw arranged in the shell; the housing is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the screw includes a single screw or parallel twin screws extending in an axial direction of the housing.
Preferably, the screw extrusion part comprises a shell and a screw arranged in the shell; the shell is formed into a conical shape with gradually reduced diameter, and the screws comprise twin screws which extend along the axial direction of the shell, have gradually reduced diameter and are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the delivery portion is formed in a pipe shape having a constant diameter.
Preferably, the puffing units are formed in a tapered shape having a diameter gradually increasing from the upstream end.
Preferably, the apparatus further includes a heating mechanism for heating the conveying unit. Thereby, the material in the transport section can be heated continuously to avoid premature solidification of the material.
Preferably, the shaping unit comprises a constant volume container connected to the downstream end of the expansion unit. The puffed material can be cooled and shaped by means of natural cooling and the like.
Preferably, the shaping unit comprises an injection molding machine connected to the downstream end of the bulking unit. The material expanded by the expansion unit can be injected into a mold cavity of an injection molding machine, and the expanded material is shaped by the shaping function of the injection molding machine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to a third embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic control block diagram of a system for preparing the material having a nanoporous structure according to the invention;
reference numerals:
11. 12, 13 screw extrusion parts;
11a, 12a, 13a housing;
11b, 12b, 13b screws;
2a conveying part;
3, a puffing unit;
3a chute;
4, a shaping unit;
5, a discharge hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative and not restrictive.
Disclosed herein is a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to the present invention, comprising: a heating unit for heating the preform containing the solvent to melt the preform and vaporize the solvent while maintaining the form of the preform; a bulking unit to bulk the heated material from the heating unit to a desired porosity; and a shaping unit that cools the expanded material from the expanding unit to obtain a material having a nanoporous structure.
The above preform may be prepared in advance in a preform preparation unit, and for example, a solvent type resin and a solvent may be used for preparation, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and a water-soluble resin, an inorganic sol, a composite of a resin and an inorganic sol, and the like may be used in addition to a solvent type resin. The preform is allowed to contain a suitable amount of solvent, which can be vaporized at a certain temperature to allow the preform to expand and form a hole.
The following description will be given by taking a solvent-based resin as an example of the preform, but the production system of the present invention is also applicable to preforms made of other materials.
The solvent type resin can be dissolved by a solvent to obtain a solution in which the solvent is uniformly dispersed in the solvent type resin, and a preform with the solvent type resin as a framework and a proper amount of the solvent uniformly dispersed in the solvent type resin can be obtained. Preferably, an excess of solvent is used to dissolve the starting material to provide sufficient dissolution of the starting material to ensure uniform dispersion of the solvent in the resin starting material to aid in the expansion of the product to provide a more uniform pore size distribution. The resin can be dissolved in a solvent in an amount of 0.2 to 10 times the weight of the resin. The amount of the solvent is different according to the dissolution performance of the resin. And some resin products are liquid, and can be uniformly mixed by adding a small amount of solvent. It is understood that the resin should be completely dissolved in the solvent. The preform preparation unit may be a conventional apparatus for preparing a preform, and may be mixed using a mixing device such as a mixer, a stirrer, or the like, so that the solvent is uniformly dispersed in the solvent-type resin. The resin and solvent may also be mixed by mechanical action under heated conditions. Mixing can be achieved using equipment with high temperature capabilities such as internal mixers, high temperature kneaders, twin-cone extruders, twin-screw extruders, twin-roll presses, and the like.
The solvent is used for making holes and can be gasified at a certain temperature to enable the prefabricated body to be expanded and formed with holes. Any solvent may be used as long as it can completely dissolve the resin. Preferably, a preform having a solvent content of 5 to 40wt% in total is prepared. Too high solvent content easily causes too large pore diameter or uneven pore diameter distribution, and too low solvent content easily causes insufficient puffing degree or unsuccessful puffing, so that the control of the solvent content in a certain range is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the pore diameter of the material and the control of the pore diameter size of the material, and the performances of heat preservation, heat insulation and the like of the material are improved. Thus, the solvent in the above-mentioned resulting solution can be reduced until the solvent reaches a desired content. The solvent of the resulting solution can be reduced, for example, by heating at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the solvent-type resin, e.g., 25 to 200 ℃. The heating manner and apparatus are not limited as long as the content of the solvent is reduced to a desired content. The solvent is reduced at a lower temperature, but the heating temperature is not too high to avoid the resin puffing in advance, and if the heating temperature is too high, the solvent in the preform is vaporized and puffed in advance, the pore diameter and the pore diameter distribution of the product cannot be controlled to be uneven.
The system for preparing the material having a nanoporous structure according to the present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are described by way of example of preparing a thermal insulation material having a nanoporous structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
First, the preform containing the solvent (for example, a preform prepared using a solvent-based resin and a solvent) is heated in a heating unit while maintaining the form thereof, and the molten resin solvent is vaporized by melting the molten resin. The heating temperature for heating the preform to vaporize the molten solvent of the resin is preferably higher than the boiling point of the solvent and higher than the glass transition temperature of the solvent-based resin. More preferably, the heating temperature is 100 to 400 ℃. The heating temperature exceeds the boiling point of the solvent and the glass transition temperature of the resin, and is higher than the boiling point of the solvent and the glass transition temperature of the resin by a part, which is beneficial to the rapid expansion of the resin and shortens the expansion time. It will be appreciated that during heating (prior to expansion), it is ensured that the resin melts while the solvent vaporizes at this point in time, thereby facilitating the subsequent expansion of the material to form a nanoporous material having a uniform pore size distribution. The heating time can be reduced when the heating temperature is high. The heating means is configured to maintain the form of the resin melt solvent in a state where the resin melt solvent is vaporized without swelling. Preferably, maintaining its form can be achieved by controlling its volume to be constant.
Next, in the expansion unit, the heated material from the heating unit is expanded to increase the volume to achieve the desired porosity. Porosity is related to the degree of bulking, i.e., by controlling the bulking process in the bulking unit, the porosity of the material can be adjusted to achieve the desired size. The expansion may be such that the volume of the material expands in any one, two or three directions of XYZ. The requirements, operation processes, equipment or molds are different. The preparation system can ensure that the porosity of the prepared heat insulation material with the nano-scale aperture is 80-99%. And the volume increasing process of the materials in the puffing process is a gradual change process under a controllable state. Here, the material expansion process is achieved as a gradual process by passing the material under controlled conditions through a die having a gradual design of the volume. For example, the preform is fed into a system for producing a material having a nanoporous structure comprising a screw extrusion section, heated to vaporize the solvent, then fed into a conveying section while maintaining its morphology, and then fed into a bulking unit of increasing volume to bulk the material to achieve the desired porosity. And the volume increasing process of the materials in the puffing process is a gradual change process under a controllable state. The bulking unit can be a fixed-size die with gradually changed die volume, so that the bulking process of the material is changed into a gradual change process.
And finally, in the shaping unit, shaping the expanded material from the expansion unit to obtain the heat insulation material with the nano porous structure. The volume of the material is no longer changed in the shaping unit, so that the shape of the material that has been subjected to the expansion process in the preceding expansion unit can be determined. In the shaping unit, for example, natural cooling means can be used. The shaping unit may include a container of constant volume connected to the downstream end of the expansion unit, and the expanded material may be cooled and shaped by natural cooling or the like. The shaping unit may further comprise an injection molding machine connected to the downstream end of the bulking unit. Specifically, the downstream end of the puffing unit is connected with a mold cavity of the injection molding machine, the material puffed by the puffing unit can be injected into the mold cavity of the injection molding machine under certain injection pressure, and the shaping of the puffed material is realized through the shaping function of the injection molding machine.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preparation system of a material having a nanoporous structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a heating unit, a bulking unit, and a sizing unit of the preparation system of the present invention are mainly shown.
As shown in fig. 1, in the first embodiment, the heating unit of the production system of the present invention is formed in a structure of being spirally conveyed and heated. Here, the heating unit may include: a screw extrusion section 11, a conveying section 2 connected to the screw extrusion section 11, and a heating section (not shown) for heating the screw extrusion section 11. The heating unit may be any device capable of heating the screw extruding unit 11, and may be a device that heats by means of heat carrier heating, resistance heating, electric induction heating, or the like.
Specifically, the screw extrusion section 11 is provided with a feed port (not shown) for receiving the preform prepared by the preform preparation unit and a discharge port 5 connected to one end of the conveying section 2. As also shown in fig. 1, the screw extrusion section 11 may include a housing 11a and a screw 11b disposed within the housing 11 a. In the present embodiment, the housing 11a may be formed in a cylindrical shape, and the screw 11b may be a single screw extending in the axial direction of the housing 11 a. As also shown in fig. 1, the screw extrusion part 11 may be formed in a shape, for example, a tapered shape, of which the diameter is gradually reduced at the discharge port 5, thereby extruding the preform in the screw extrusion part 11 through the discharge port 5 into the downstream conveying part 2 while heating it.
Further, a driving unit connected to the screw 11b may be further included to rotate the screw 11b, whereby the preform fed from the feed port is screw-conveyed toward the discharge port 5 while being heated to be melted and the solvent is vaporized. The drive unit may be, for example, a drive motor.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, a control unit connected to the driving unit and the heating unit for controlling the driving unit and the heating unit may be further included, so as to control the rotation speed and the heating temperature of the screw. The control unit may be, for example, a programmable controller. The control unit may include a control part that may control the screw rotation speed and the heating temperature, and a display part that may display parameters, such as the screw rotation speed and the heating temperature, controlled by the control part.
Further, the conveying portion 2 may be formed in a shape in which the volume is constant. The conveyor 2 can be welded directly to the outlet 5 of the screw extruder 11, for example, or can also be connected in another way to the outlet 5 of the screw extruder 11 in a sealing manner. In the present embodiment, the conveying part 2 may be formed in a pipe shape having a constant diameter, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the conveying part 2 may be provided in any shape as needed as long as it can maintain the sealing and the volume is constant. Alternatively, a heating mechanism for heating the conveying unit 2 may be provided. The transport unit 2 can be heated by electric heating means such as resistance heating, arc heating, and electron beam heating. Thereby, the material in the conveying section 2 can be continuously heated to avoid premature solidification of the material. As shown in fig. 4, the heating mechanism may also be connected to the aforementioned control unit to control the heating temperature by the control unit.
As shown in fig. 1, the other end of the conveying unit 2 is connected to the puffing unit 3, and the puffing unit 3 is formed in a shape in which the volume thereof gradually increases from the upstream end. The bulking unit 3 can be a container of gradually increasing volume welded directly to the delivery section 2 or otherwise sealingly connected to the delivery section 2. In the present embodiment, the puffing unit 3 is formed in a tapered structure in which the volume gradually increases from the upstream end, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the shape of the puffing unit 3 may be set as needed as long as the volume gradually increases with respect to the volume of the conveying portion 2. Since the preform maintains its shape (in the present embodiment, mainly, the diameter of the preform at the conveying section 2 is not changed, and the volume thereof is kept constant) in the heating unit, the preform is not swelled, that is, is not foamed, although the solvent is vaporized. While as the volume of the expansion unit 3 increases, the material also expands with the container of the expansion unit 3. Thus, the factor by which the volume of the puffing means 3 is increased relative to the volume of the conveying section 2 (i.e., the expansion factor) determines the porosity of the final product. Therefore, in order to obtain a desired porosity, the expansion ratio of the expansion unit 3 may be set according to the size such as the diameter of the conveying section 2. If the expansion factor is too small, the porosity of the material is not high, and the heat insulation performance is affected, and if the expansion factor is too large, the pore diameter distribution of the material is uneven. For example, the expansion factor may be 2 to 50, and accordingly, a porosity of 50 to 99% may be obtained. Preferably, the expansion ratio is 2.5-20, and accordingly, the porosity of 60-95% can be obtained. More preferably, the expansion factor is 5-50, and accordingly, the porosity of 80-99% can be obtained.
Further, the degree of the volume gradient of the puffing unit 3 is related to the screw conveying speed of the aforementioned heating unit, and when the volume of the puffing unit 3 is changed sharply, the screw conveying speed is controlled to be slow, and when the volume of the puffing unit 3 is changed slowly, the screw conveying speed is controlled to be fast. In the present embodiment, the screw conveying speed is related to the inclination angle of the tapered structure of the puffing unit 3 (i.e., the inclination angle of the chute 3a with respect to the horizontal direction), and when the inclination angle is large, the screw conveying speed is controlled to be slow, and when the inclination angle is small, the screw conveying speed is controlled to be fast. The screw conveying speed can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the screw 11 b. If the inclination angle is too large, the puffing is too fast, so that the puffing process is uncontrollable, and if the inclination angle is too small, the foaming is not easy to occur. Here, the inclination angle may be related to the puffing time, the screw conveying speed, and the degree of puffing required for the material, and the required inclination angle may be calculated from the puffing time, the screw conveying speed, and the degree of puffing required.
In the present embodiment, the shaping unit 4 is connected to the downstream end of the puffing unit 3. At this time, the volume of the shaping unit 4 is not changed any more, and the shape of the material expanded in the previous expansion unit can be maintained. The shape of the material can be shaped by adopting the means of natural cooling and the like, so that the heat insulation material with the nano porous structure is obtained.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to a second embodiment of the invention. The differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment are mainly described herein, and the same contents are not repeated.
As shown in fig. 2, in the second embodiment, the housing 12a of the screw extrusion portion 12 is formed in a conical shape with a gradually decreasing diameter, and the screws 12b include twin screws extending in the axial direction of the housing, having a gradually decreasing diameter, and arranged in parallel. The twin screws may be controlled simultaneously by one drive unit or may be controlled independently by two drive units.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to a third embodiment of the invention. The differences between the third embodiment and the first embodiment are mainly described herein, and the same contents are not repeated.
As shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, the housing 13a of the screw extrusion portion 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the screw 13b includes parallel twin screws extending in the axial direction of the housing. As in the second embodiment, the twin screws may be controlled simultaneously by one drive unit, or may be controlled independently by two drive units.
In the above embodiments, the shaping unit is a container which is connected to the downstream end of the puffing unit 3 and has a constant volume. The volume of the shaping unit 4 is not changed any more, and the shape of the material expanded in the previous expansion unit can be maintained. The shape of the material can be shaped by adopting the means of natural cooling and the like, so that the heat insulation material with the nano porous structure is obtained. In other embodiments of the invention, the shaping unit comprises an injection molding machine connected to the downstream end of the bulking unit 4. The downstream end of the puffing unit can be connected with a mold cavity of an injection molding machine, the material puffed by the puffing unit is injected into the mold cavity of the injection molding machine under certain injection pressure, and the shaping of the puffed material is realized through the shaping function of the injection molding machine.
The operation of the system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with a specific example. In this example, a preform prepared using a solvent-based resin and a solvent is used to prepare a thermal insulation material having a nanoporous structure using the preparation system of the first embodiment.
First, a preform prepared using a solvent type resin and a solvent is fed into the screw extrusion part 11 of a heating unit through a feed port, and the heating temperature of the heating unit is set to 250 ℃ and the rotational speed of the screw is set to 80r/min by a control unit. The preform is heated in the heating unit to melt and vaporize the resin melting solvent while being conveyed forward by a screw.
Subsequently, the heated material is conveyed to the conveying part 2 having a constant diameter through the discharge port 5. In the conveying section 2, the heated material is kept in a state of being unchanged in shape and does not swell. At this time, the conveying section 2 may be heated as necessary, and the temperature may be set to 250 ℃ by the control means, which is the same as the temperature of the screw extrusion section, so as to prevent the material from being solidified prematurely.
The material then continues to the expansion unit 3, where it is gradually expanded as the volume of the expansion unit 3 increases. The inclination angle of the puffing unit 3 is set to 45 ° in this example, and the expansion factor is set to 5 times.
And finally, the puffed material enters a shaping unit, and the shape of the puffed material is shaped by adopting a natural cooling means, so that the solvent type resin heat insulation material with the nano porous polymer skeleton structure is obtained, and the porosity of the solvent type resin heat insulation material is 80%.
As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit of essential characteristics thereof, the present embodiments are therefore illustrative and not restrictive, since the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the description herein, and all changes that fall within metes and bounds of the claims, or equivalence of such metes and bounds thereof are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A system for preparing a material having a nanoporous structure, comprising:
a heating unit for heating the preform containing the solvent to melt the preform and vaporize the solvent while maintaining the form of the preform;
a bulking unit to bulk the heated material from the heating unit to a desired porosity; and
a shaping unit shaping the expanded material from the expansion unit to obtain a material having a nanoporous structure.
2. The production system according to claim 1,
the heating unit is formed into a spiral conveying and heating structure, and comprises: a screw extrusion section, a conveying section connected to the screw extrusion section, and a heating section for heating the screw extrusion section;
the screw extrusion part is provided with a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port receives the prefabricated body, and the discharge port is connected with one end of the conveying part;
the conveying part is formed into a shape with a constant volume;
the puffing unit is connected with the other end of the conveying part, and is formed into a shape with the volume gradually increasing from the upstream end;
the shaping unit is connected with the downstream end of the puffing unit.
3. The production system according to claim 2,
the screw extrusion part comprises a shell and a screw arranged in the shell;
the housing is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the screw includes a single screw or parallel twin screws extending in an axial direction of the housing.
4. The production system according to claim 2,
the screw extrusion part comprises a shell and a screw arranged in the shell;
the shell is formed into a conical shape with gradually reduced diameter, and the screws comprise twin screws which extend along the axial direction of the shell, have gradually reduced diameter and are arranged in parallel.
5. The production system according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
the delivery part is formed in a pipe shape having a constant diameter.
6. The production system according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
the puffing unit is formed in a tapered shape having a diameter gradually increasing from an upstream end.
7. The production system according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
the apparatus further comprises a heating mechanism for heating the conveying part.
8. The production system according to any one of claims 2 to 7,
the shaping unit comprises a container which is connected with the downstream end of the puffing unit and has a constant volume.
9. The production system according to any one of claims 2 to 7,
the shaping unit comprises an injection molding machine connected with the downstream end of the puffing unit.
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| CN201911260708.XA Pending CN111037940A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-10 | Preparation system of material with nano-porous structure |
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| CN110884151A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-03-17 | 上海稀点新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation system of material with nano-porous structure |
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| CN110901092A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-03-24 | 上海稀点新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation system of material with nano-porous structure |
Also Published As
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| CN111037940A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
| CN110884151A (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| CN110901092A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Application publication date: 20200421 |