CN111037224B - Welding method for carbon-free gouging back chipping of thick plate fusion penetration welded H-shaped steel - Google Patents
Welding method for carbon-free gouging back chipping of thick plate fusion penetration welded H-shaped steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111037224B CN111037224B CN201911307729.2A CN201911307729A CN111037224B CN 111037224 B CN111037224 B CN 111037224B CN 201911307729 A CN201911307729 A CN 201911307729A CN 111037224 B CN111037224 B CN 111037224B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
- B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/025—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for rectilinear seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
A welding method for thick plate fusion penetration welding H-shaped steel without carbon gouging back gouging is characterized in that a tool for groove clearance, groove angle, welding positioning and grinding and slag removal is reasonably used. The traditional method is changed: welding a front groove, back carbon planing, back gouging and polishing, and fusion welding the back; the invention replaces the welding process of back-side carbon back gouging and grinding by the method of back-side back gouging and grinding, avoids the defects of carbon clamping, slag sticking, copper spots, burning through, irregular size and shape of a gouging groove and the like caused by the back gouging, and avoids the defects of large noise, serious pollution, more material consumption and low production speed generated by the carbon back gouging and grinding. The method is beneficial to saving energy and materials in the production process, reducing pollution, accelerating the welding speed of the H-shaped steel assembly and saving the processing and manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-standard section bar preparation technology, in particular to a welding preparation method of large H-shaped steel, and specifically relates to a carbon-free gouging back gouging welding method for thick plate fusion penetration welding of H-shaped steel.
Background
At present, H-shaped steel with large size is often used in some large projects, the H-shaped steel cannot be rolled and formed by steel mills, and can only be welded and prepared by using steel plates by construction units, for example, the inside of a cone of a certain nuclear power plant is a frame formed by welding H-shaped steel columns and steel beams, the section of the welded H-shaped steel is BH350 multiplied by 28 multiplied by 40, and the total work load of welding H-shaped steel is 230 tons. The thickness of the web plate of the welded H-shaped steel is 28mm, and the welding line between the web plate and the flange plate is a penetration welding line. The assembling and welding process for welding the H-shaped steel according to the conventional method comprises the following steps: and (3) double-sided groove welding is carried out between the web plate and the flange plate, the front groove welding is carried out firstly, the back carbon planing is carried out for back chipping and polishing, and the back welding is carried out to achieve penetration. In the assembling and welding process, the middle carbon plane back chipping and polishing occupy a large amount of time and labor, the carbon plane can only finish 0.5 meter per minute, and the speed is low; carbon planing produces a large amount of noise and polluting gases; the carbon planing can generate planing defects such as carbon inclusion, slag adhesion, copper spots, burn-through, irregular planing groove size and shape and the like; the planing groove after the carbon planing is irregular, the planing defects and the carburized and hardened layers after the planing are all required to be polished, the polishing depth exceeds 1mm, and the labor amount is greatly increased. How to solve the problem that the conventional welding method for welding the H-shaped steel can ensure that the web plate and the flange plate are completely melted and can also save carbon planning and back chipping is the key point and the difficulty of construction research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex processing, long period and high cost caused by the fact that a carbon removing and back gouging process is required in the existing large-scale H steel preparation process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a thick plate fusion penetration welding H-shaped steel carbon-free gouging back gouging welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blanking an H-shaped steel web plate and a flange plate;
(2) arranging a groove;
(3) assembling H-shaped steel;
(4) welding the front side of the H-shaped steel;
(5) polishing the reverse side of the H-shaped steel;
(6) and welding the reverse side of the H-shaped steel.
A welding gap of 4mm is reserved on one side of the H-shaped steel web plate in a blanking process, and the blanking width is 8mm smaller than the web plate width.
The groove is formed by a beveling machine, the depth of the front groove is 0.6 multiplied by the thickness of the web plate to 2mm, the angle of the groove is 35 degrees, the depth of the back groove is 0.4 multiplied by the thickness of the web plate, the angle of the groove is 40 degrees, and the middle root is 2 mm.
Before the H-shaped steel is assembled, polishing the middle weld bead of the flange plate and oxide skin and oxide slag at the position 30mm away from the middle weld bead, completely drawing the central line of the flange plate, placing a positioning base plate at intervals of 350mm from the position 100mm away from the end part, placing the positioning base plate on one side of a reverse groove of a web plate by taking the central line as a reference, fixing the positioning base plate by spot welding, hanging the flange plate on an H-shaped steel assembling machine, assembling according to the H-shaped steel assembling flow, adopting manual electric arc welding for positioning welding, and arranging the positioning welding line at the position 20-30 mm on the right side of the positioning base plate, wherein the length of the welding line is 50 mm; the arc striking and closing plates are arranged according to the welding process of the H-shaped steel.
The front side of the H-shaped steel is welded; welding H-shaped steel on a ship-shaped jig frame, welding a backing weld on the front surface of the H-shaped steel according to an H-shaped steel welding process, wherein the angle between the H-shaped steel arrangement angle and the ground is 50 degrees, the backing weld is welded on the front surface of the H-shaped steel, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is adopted for the backing weld, the current is 250-260A, a filling weld is welded after the first backing weld is finished, and the backing filling weld on the front surface is finished after the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm;
the H-shaped steel reverse side polishing refers to turning over the H-shaped steel and reverse side polishing, the positioning base plate is knocked off before polishing, slag is removed by an angle grinder during reverse side polishing, metal luster is ground, and deep polishing is performed at the position where the positioning base plate and the positioning welding are arranged, so that the metal surface is ensured to be exposed.
The welding of the reverse side of the H-shaped steel is carried out on a ship-shaped jig, the included angle between the placing angle of the H-shaped steel and the ground is 50 degrees, according to the welding process of the H-shaped steel, a backing weld is firstly welded on the reverse side of the H-shaped steel, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is adopted for backing welding, the current is 260-280A, a filling weld is welded after the first backing weld is completed, and the backing filling welding of the reverse side is completed after the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method of the invention changes the groove gap and the groove angle of the H-shaped steel web plate, and adds the positioning backing plate, thereby saving the welding process of back carbon back gouging required by the traditional process, avoiding the defects of carbon inclusion, slag adhesion, copper spots, burning through, irregular size and shape of the gouging groove and the like caused by carbon back gouging, improving the welding seam quality, and improving the penetration flaw detection passing rate.
2. In the invention, as no carbon plane is used for back chipping, the material cost of the carbon plane is saved, meanwhile, the grinding amount is greatly reduced, the labor cost is saved, the welding speed is improved, the production cost is favorably saved, and the production speed is accelerated.
3. The invention reduces the phenomena of large noise, large smog, much air dust and serious pollution caused by carbon planing and grinding, and is beneficial to reducing environmental pollution.
4. The invention determines the gap between the web plate and the flange plate and the position of the tack weld through the positioning backing plate, and the positioning backing plate has small size and is easy to polish. The invention is suitable for the assembly welding of H-shaped steel which requires to be melted through and has the plate thickness of more than 20mm, and can improve the quality of welding seams, reduce the processing cost, improve the processing speed and reduce the production environmental pollution.
5. The invention can achieve the effect of welding and fusion penetration without carbon back gouging (as shown in figure 1). The invention replaces the welding process of back-side carbon back gouging and grinding by a method of back-side grinding with a gap, avoids the defects of carbon inclusion, slag adhesion, copper spots, burnthrough, irregular size and shape of a gouging groove and the like caused by the carbon back gouging, and avoids the defects of high noise, serious pollution, more material consumption and low production speed generated by the carbon back gouging and grinding. The method is beneficial to saving energy and materials in the production process, reducing pollution, accelerating the welding speed of the H-shaped steel assembly and saving the processing and manufacturing cost.
The left picture in figure 1 is the groove size when the traditional process (front groove welding, back carbon back gouging and back grinding, back welding) is adopted. The invention adopts the groove and the gap of the right graph, and a welding method without carbon back chipping is adopted. Namely, the improved groove and welding method of the right picture and the left picture, so as to realize the non-back chipping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the groove size and angle of the H-shaped steel for changing the web plate in the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the positioning of the gap between grooves of H-shaped steel webs.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the H-shaped steel positioning pad plate and the tack-welding in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an assembly and positioning diagram of the H-shaped steel positioning pad plate of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front welding view of the H-shaped steel of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the back side polishing of the H-shaped steel of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of back-side backing welding of the H-shaped steel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-7.
A thick plate fusion penetration welding H-shaped steel non-carbon gouging welding method takes one side as an example, and the other side needs to be turned over for execution according to the reference, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (5) blanking the web plate and the flange plate of the H-shaped steel. The blanking adopts gas cutting, the cutting surface has no crack, slag inclusion and layering, a welding gap of 4mm is left on the blanking side of the web plate, and the blanking width is 8mm reduced by the width of the web plate;
(2) and (5) forming a groove. The groove is formed by a beveling machine, the depth of the front groove is 15mm, the angle of the groove is 35 degrees, the depth of the back groove is 11mm, the angle of the groove is 40 degrees, and the middle part is 2mm, as shown in figure 2;
(3) and assembling the H-shaped steel. Before assembly, polishing oxide skins and oxidation slag at the middle weld bead of the flange plate and 30mm nearby the middle weld bead of the flange plate completely, drawing the central line of the flange plate, placing a positioning base plate at intervals of 350mm from the end part, placing the positioning base plate on one side of a reverse groove of a web plate (as shown in figures 3 and 4) by taking the central line as a reference, fixing the positioning base plate by spot welding, hanging the flange plate on an H-shaped steel assembly machine, assembling according to the assembly flow of the H-shaped steel, adopting manual electric arc welding for positioning welding, enabling the length of a weld joint to be 50mm, and arranging the positioning welding at the position of 20-30 mm on the right side of the positioning base plate. The arc striking and closing plates are arranged according to the H-shaped steel welding process;
(4) the H-shaped steel is welded on the front side (as shown in figure 5). Welding H-shaped steel on a ship-shaped jig frame, welding a backing weld on the front surface of the H-shaped steel according to an H-shaped steel welding process, wherein the angle between the H-shaped steel arrangement angle and the ground is 50 degrees, the backing weld is welded on the front surface of the H-shaped steel, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is adopted for the backing weld, the current is 250-260A, a filling weld is welded after the first backing weld is finished, and the backing filling weld on the front surface is finished after the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm;
(5) the H-beam is ground on the reverse side (as shown in FIG. 6). Turning over the H-shaped steel, polishing the reverse side, knocking off the positioning base plate before polishing, polishing the reverse side to remove slag by using an angle grinder, grinding to obtain metallic luster, and deeply polishing the positioning base plate and the welding position to ensure that a metal surface is exposed;
(6) the H-shaped steel is welded on the reverse side (as shown in figure 7). Welding H-shaped steel on a ship-shaped jig frame, welding a backing weld on the reverse side of the H-shaped steel according to an H-shaped steel welding process, wherein the angle between the arrangement angle of the H-shaped steel and the ground is 50 degrees, the backing weld is welded on the reverse side of the H-shaped steel, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is adopted for the backing weld, the current is 260-280A, a filling weld is welded after the first backing weld is finished, and the backing filling weld on the reverse side is finished after the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm;
(7) and (5) welding the cover surface of the H-shaped steel. The cover surface welding of the H-shaped steel adopts submerged-arc welding, and the welding is carried out according to the submerged-arc welding process of the H-shaped steel;
(8) and (4) carrying out nondestructive detection on the welding seam. And (3) detecting the penetration of the weld by 100%, carrying out UT (ultrasonic testing) flaw detection on the weld 24 hours after welding is finished, and repairing the internal defects of the weld in time.
(9) And (6) inspecting appearance of the welding seam. Checking and accepting the appearance quality of the welding seam according to the steel structure specification requirement;
(10) h-shaped steel assembly welding is completed. And (4) the quality testing personnel can carry out nondestructive testing on the inside of the welding line of the H-shaped steel to be qualified, and the appearance quality of the external welding line meets the standard, so that the H-shaped steel assembly welding is completed.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (2)
1. A thick plate fusion penetration welding H-shaped steel carbon-free gouging back gouging welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blanking an H-shaped steel web plate and a flange plate;
(2) arranging a groove;
(3) assembling H-shaped steel;
(4) welding the front side of the H-shaped steel;
(5) polishing the reverse side of the H-shaped steel;
(6) welding the reverse side of the H-shaped steel;
a welding gap of 4mm is reserved on one side of the H-shaped steel web plate, and the blanking width is 8mm of the web plate width reduction;
the groove is formed by a beveling machine, the depth of the front groove is 0.6 multiplied by the thickness of the web plate to 2mm, the angle of the groove is 35 degrees, the depth of the back groove is 0.4 multiplied by the thickness of the web plate, the angle of the groove is 40 degrees, and the middle root is 2 mm;
the front side of the H-shaped steel is welded; welding H-shaped steel on a ship-shaped jig frame, wherein the included angle between the arrangement angle of the H-shaped steel and the ground is 50 degrees, firstly welding a backing weld seam on the front surface of the H-shaped steel according to an H-shaped steel welding process, wherein the backing weld seam is formed by adopting carbon dioxide arc welding at the current of 250-260A; after the first backing weld is finished, welding a filling weld, and finishing the front backing filling welding when the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm;
the welding of the back side of the H-shaped steel is carried out on a ship-shaped jig, the included angle between the arrangement angle of the H-shaped steel and the ground is 50 degrees, according to the welding process of the H-shaped steel, a backing weld is firstly welded on the back side of the H-shaped steel, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is adopted for backing welding, the current is 260-280A, a filling weld is welded after the first backing weld is finished, and the backing filling welding of the back side is finished after the thickness of the weld reaches 12 mm; before the H-shaped steel is assembled, polishing the middle weld bead of the flange plate and oxide skin and oxide slag at the position 30mm away from the middle weld bead, completely drawing the central line of the flange plate, placing a positioning base plate at intervals of 350mm from the position 100mm away from the end part, placing the positioning base plate on one side of a reverse groove of a web plate by taking the central line as a reference, fixing the positioning base plate by spot welding, hanging the flange plate on an H-shaped steel assembling machine, assembling according to the H-shaped steel assembling flow, adopting manual electric arc welding for positioning welding, and arranging the positioning welding line at the position 20-30 mm on the right side of the positioning base plate, wherein the length of the welding line is 50 mm; the arc striking and closing plates are arranged according to the welding process of the H-shaped steel.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reverse side polishing of the H-shaped steel is that the H-shaped steel is turned over and the reverse side is polished, the positioning cushion plate is knocked off before polishing, slag is removed by an angle grinder during the reverse side polishing, metal luster is polished, and the position where the positioning cushion plate is arranged and positioned and welded is deeply polished to ensure that a metal surface is exposed.
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| CN111872518B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-06-17 | 武汉一冶钢结构有限责任公司 | Full penetration welding method for web and shell of 304L stainless steel T-shaped reinforcing ring |
| CN114192944B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏新蓝天钢结构有限公司 | Full penetration back-gouging-free I-steel welding method introducing welding pre-deformation |
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Effective date of registration: 20211208 Address after: 221000 north side of landscape road, Xuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: XUZHOU ZHONGMEI HANTAI CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIALIZATION CO.,LTD. Patentee after: ANHUI BAIJIA TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: XUZHOU MIDDLINGS (NINGXIA) STEEL STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION CO.,LTD. Patentee after: XUZHOU ZM-BESTA HEAVY STEEL STRUCTURE CO.,LTD. Address before: 235000 no.11-12 Longwang Road, Longhu high tech Development Zone, Huaibei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: ANHUI BAIJIA TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: XUZHOU MIDDLINGS (NINGXIA) STEEL STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION CO.,LTD. Patentee before: XUZHOU ZM-BESTA HEAVY STEEL STRUCTURE CO.,LTD. |